Energy Conversion and Management最新文献

英文中文

Energy, exergy, exergoeconomic and sustainability analysis of a propane-fueled SI engine operating via flame jet ignition using oxy-hydrogen gas from an on-board alkaline electrolyzer supported by TEG 能源、火用、燃烧、经济性和可持续性分析丙烷燃料SI发动机通过火焰喷射点火，使用由TEG支持的机载碱性电解槽产生的氧-氢气体

IF 10.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management

Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121155

Hüsameddin Akçay, Halil Erdi Gülcan, Habib Gürbüz

引用次数: 0

Techno-economic analysis of closed-loop geothermal system with multi-wing fracture 多翼裂缝闭环地热系统技术经济分析

IF 10.9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management

Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121174

Sai Liu, Ruichang Guo, Chao Li, Hongsheng Wang

This research seeks to determine whether thermally conductive fractures can substantially enhance the heat extraction of closed-loop geothermal systems. A fracture-incorporated closed-loop geothermal system, featuring a multi-wing thermally conductive fracture, is presented. A thermo-hydraulic coupled three-dimensional model is established for the system, through which an extensive numerical investigation is conducted to assess its heat extraction under circumstances of various fracture heat conductivity, multi-wing fracture configurations, and operational settings. Results indicate that a system with a dual-wing fracture attains moderately greater heat extraction than a fracture-free closed-loop design, when the fracture has large height and thickness, with performance increasing as fracture heat conductivity rises. For an identical fracture cross-sectional area, increasing fracture height provides more substantial heat extraction enhancement than expanding fracture thickness. Elevating the specific heat capacity of circulating fluid reduces the produced-fluid temperature considerably, although the corresponding improvement in net power remains modest. As the fluid circulation rate increases, cumulative thermal output initially climbs but eventually decreases once a threshold flow rate is exceeded. Implementing a multi-wing fracture yields up to a 60.93% increase in cumulative heat output over 180 days, and this improvement reaches 187.25% when a thermal plug is additionally utilized. The thermal output increment associated with the thermal plug plateaus near 78.51% when the number of fracture wings is greater than four. Among all influencing parameters, the thermal plug, followed by the fracture wing number, exerts the greatest effect on the closed-loop system’s thermal performance. The F-CGS with a dual-wing fracture and plug exhibits superior economy.

本研究旨在确定导热裂缝是否能显著增强闭环地热系统的热提取。提出了一种以多翼式导热裂缝为特征的裂缝合并闭环地热系统。建立了该系统的热-液耦合三维模型，对不同裂缝导热系数、多翼裂缝构型和操作条件下的抽热量进行了广泛的数值研究。结果表明，当裂缝具有较大的高度和厚度时，具有双翼裂缝的系统比无裂缝的闭环设计获得了中等程度的热量提取，并且性能随着裂缝导热系数的增加而提高。在相同的裂缝截面积下，增加裂缝高度比增加裂缝厚度提供更显著的排热效果。提高循环流体的比热容可以显著降低产液温度，但相应的净功率改善仍然不大。随着流体循环速率的增加，累积热输出开始上升，但一旦超过阈值流量，最终会下降。在180天内，实施多翼压裂可使累计热输出增加60.93%，如果额外使用热塞，则可提高187.25%。当裂缝翼数大于4个时，与热塞平台相关的热输出增量接近78.51%。在所有影响参数中，热塞对闭环系统热性能的影响最大，其次是断裂翼数。具有双翼裂缝和桥塞的F-CGS具有优越的经济性。

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引用次数: 0

Advanced computational fluid dynamic analysis of microclimate effects on solar photovoltaics for the utility-scale solar industry 微气候对公用事业规模太阳能产业太阳能光伏发电影响的先进计算流体动力学分析

IF 10.9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management

Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121153

Sahan Trushad Wickramasooriya Kuruneru, Kenrick Anderson, Andrew Beath

An advanced numerical model is developed to unravel novel fluid flow physics and heat transfer mechanisms of three distinct bifacial solar photovoltaic panels (BPVs), namely 25° fixed-tilt, 90° vertical-, and waves-oriented BPVs. To this end, a conjugate heat transfer (CHT) numerical model is developed in the open-source computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software OpenFOAM to unravel novel buoyant convective-radiative fluid flow physics and microclimate of the three distinct BPVs in the region of Newcastle NSW Australia. The CFD results show that the air flow pathways, panel temperature distribution and air temperature around the panels vary considerably with differing geometric panel morphology and climate conditions. Distinct flow patterns are observed in different panels of the solar farm. It is also found that the number of air recirculation zones between successive panels in a solar farm vary due to various factors such as head-on wind velocity magnitudes, wind directions, and panel tilt and panel spacing thereby altering the spatial temperature distribution of all PV panels. This also has profound implications on the local air velocities and heat transfer coefficients of BPVs. The effects of wind directions on BPVs have distinct heat transfer characteristics. Scientists and engineers in the photovoltaic industry can harness this approach to broaden the applicability and generalizability of PV heat transfer models by developing and implementing advanced CFD models to provide various correlations between heat transfer coefficients and head-on wind velocities and wind directions. Furthermore, the numerical model and the results can be harnessed to facilitate and guide the system optimization of BPVs for various industries such as agriculture and mining.

建立了一种先进的数值模型，揭示了三种不同的双面太阳能光伏板（25°固定倾斜，90°垂直和波浪方向的双面太阳能光伏板）的新型流体流动物理和传热机制。为此，在开源计算流体动力学（CFD）软件OpenFOAM中建立了一个共轭传热（CHT）数值模型，以揭示澳大利亚新南威尔士州纽卡斯尔地区三种不同bpv的新型浮力对流辐射流体流动物理和小气候。计算流体力学结果表明，不同几何形状和气候条件下，面板的气流路径、面板温度分布和面板周围的空气温度变化较大。在太阳能发电厂的不同面板上观察到不同的流动模式。研究还发现，太阳能发电厂连续面板之间的空气再循环区数量会因各种因素而变化，例如迎面风速大小、风向、面板倾斜和面板间距，从而改变所有光伏面板的空间温度分布。这对bpv的局部空气速度和换热系数也有深远的影响。风向对bpv的影响具有明显的换热特性。光伏行业的科学家和工程师可以利用这种方法，通过开发和实施先进的CFD模型来提供传热系数与迎面风速和风向之间的各种相关性，从而扩大光伏传热模型的适用性和通用性。此外，数值模型和结果可用于促进和指导农业和采矿业等不同行业的业务流程pv系统优化。

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引用次数: 0

Air liquefaction process in liquid air energy storage integrated with liquefied natural gas cold energy: Simulation and experiment 结合液化天然气冷能的液态空气储能中的空气液化过程：模拟与实验

IF 10.9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management

Pub Date : 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121177

Chenchen Wang, Jinya Zhang, Ning Ma, Na Sun

The growing demand for efficient air liquefaction, driven by renewable energy integration and industrial needs, faces practical bottlenecks of the pressure limits of cryogenic heat exchangers (≤10 MPa) and the actual temperature range of liquefied natural gas cold energy (−145℃ to −135℃). In this study, multiple air liquefaction cycles integrated with internal (liquid air) and external (liquefied natural gas) cold energy are systematically modeled, optimized using a genetic algorithm, and experimentally validated under pressures ranging from 1 to 10 MPa. The experimental results indicate that the optimized Heylandt cycle is identified as the most efficient configuration for stand-alone liquid air energy storage, achieving a specific energy consumption of 0.3192 kWh/kg with a cold energy recovery rate of 95%. For liquefied natural gas integrated with liquid air energy storage system, the Kapitza cycle exhibits superior performance, attaining a specific energy consumption of 0.1980 kWh/kg under a liquefied natural gas flow ratio of 0.45. Experimental validation confirms that the Kapitza cycle integrated with cold energy significantly enhances the round-trip efficiency of a 50-kW system to 54.2%, with projections indicating potential efficiencies exceeding 70% for scaled 10  MW systems. This work provides the first experimentally validated optimization of air liquefaction cycles under real-world engineering constraints, bridging a critical gap between simulation and practice. The resulting framework offers a novel and scalable pathway to high-efficiency cryogenic energy storage.

在可再生能源整合和工业需求的推动下，高效空气液化需求不断增长，但低温换热器的压力极限（≤10 MPa）和液化天然气冷能的实际温度范围（- 145℃至- 135℃）面临着现实瓶颈。在本研究中，对集成了内部（液态空气）和外部（液化天然气）冷能的多个空气液化循环进行了系统建模，使用遗传算法进行了优化，并在1至10 MPa的压力范围内进行了实验验证。实验结果表明，优化后的Heylandt循环是最有效的单机液空储能配置，比能耗为0.3192 kWh/kg，冷能回收率为95%。对于与液空储能系统集成的液化天然气，Kapitza循环表现出优异的性能，在液化天然气流量比为0.45的情况下，其比能耗为0.1980 kWh/kg。实验验证证实，与冷能集成的Kapitza循环显着提高了50 kw系统的往返效率，达到54.2%，预测表明10  MW系统的潜在效率超过70%。这项工作提供了第一个在现实世界工程约束下经过实验验证的空气液化循环优化，弥合了模拟与实践之间的关键差距。由此产生的框架为高效低温储能提供了一种新颖且可扩展的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Energy, exergy and mass balances of a biomass pyrolysis pilot plant 生物质热解试验装置的能量、火用和质量平衡

IF 10.9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management

Pub Date : 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121154

César Gracia-Monforte , Alejandro Lete , Frédéric Marias , Javier Ábrego , Jesús Arauzo

This work presents the methodology and results of the energy, exergy, and mass balances of a fixed-bed downdraft biomass pyrolysis pilot plant. The analysis covers different operating modes: pyrolysis without energy recovery, with energy recovery from products, and with combustion of non-condensable gases including exhaust-gas heat recovery. The proposed framework enables consistent comparison of energy and exergy performance under varying process configurations. Experimental results show that the external heat demand of the pyrolysis process strongly depends on the energy recovery strategy. When products are cooled to the reference state, the required heat input is approximately 1.3 MJ/kg, increasing to about 3 MJ/kg when products leave at the pyrolysis temperature. The combustion of process gases significantly reduces this demand, while integrating exhaust-gas heat recovery leads to quasi-autothermal operation. Exergy analysis reveals that gas combustion and heat recovery lower exergy efficiency due to the conversion of high-quality pyrogases into exhaust gases. Nevertheless, the methodology developed allows quantifying these trade-offs and provides a comprehensive tool to evaluate process integration strategies in biomass pyrolysis systems aimed at improved thermal performance and sustainability.

这项工作提出的方法和结果的能量，火用，和质量平衡的固定床下吸式生物质热解试点工厂。分析涵盖了不回收能量的热解、产品回收能量的热解和不凝气体燃烧包括废气热回收的三种运行模式。提出的框架能够在不同工艺配置下对能源和能源性能进行一致的比较。实验结果表明，热解过程的外热需求很大程度上取决于能量回收策略。当产品冷却到参考状态时，所需的热量输入约为1.3 MJ/kg，当产品在热解温度下离开时，所需的热量输入约为3 MJ/kg。过程气体的燃烧显著降低了这一需求，同时整合废气热回收导致准自热操作。火用分析表明，燃气燃烧和热回收降低了火用效率，因为高质量的热解酶转化为废气。然而，所开发的方法允许量化这些权衡，并提供了一个全面的工具来评估生物质热解系统的过程集成策略，旨在改善热性能和可持续性。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-zone cooling strategy for dead-end proton exchange membrane fuel cells: Enhancing performance, water-thermal balance and durability 终端质子交换膜燃料电池的多区域冷却策略：提高性能、水热平衡和耐久性

IF 10.9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management

Pub Date : 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121151

Zhangda Liu , Zhan Gao , Houchang Pei , Qi Li , Zhengkai Tu

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells operating in dead-end mode suffer from spatially coupled water-thermal non-uniformities, which lead to inlet membrane dehydration and outlet flooding, jointly degrading performance and durability. Conventional uniform cooling strategies cannot effectively decouple these competing phenomena, which motivates the development of spatially differentiated thermal management approaches. A multi-zone cooling strategy has been developed to enable independent precision control of three temperature zones (30°C/60°C/80°C) within a single cell. This innovation achieves synergistic water-thermal regulation by actively leveraging thermal gradients: Outlet flooding is suppressed through a localized high-temperature zone (80°C) that enhances liquid water evaporation; Inlet membrane dehydration is prevented via a cooler upper zone (30°C) that promotes water retention; Compared with integral cooling at 60°C, the optimized multi-zone cooling improved current–density uniformity by 45.49%, reduced ohmic resistance by up to 26.12%, and increased cell voltage by 6.86% at 1100 mA·cm-2, while decreasing electrochemical surface area loss from 38.52% to 7.16% and suppressing the growth of hydrogen crossover by 59.57% over 120 h These results indicate that multi-zone cooling can effectively decouple water-thermal failure modes in dead-end operation and significantly enhance performance stability and durability, highlighting its potential for advanced thermal management in proton exchange membrane fuel cells.

在终端模式下运行的质子交换膜燃料电池存在空间耦合的水-热不均匀性，导致进口膜脱水和出口淹水，共同降低了性能和耐久性。传统的均匀冷却策略不能有效地解耦这些竞争现象，这促使了空间差异化热管理方法的发展。开发了多区域冷却策略，可以在单个电池内独立精确控制三个温度区域（30°C/60°C/80°C）。这一创新通过积极利用热梯度实现了水热协同调节：通过局部高温区（80°C）抑制出口注水，促进液态水蒸发；通过较冷的上部区域（30°C）防止进口膜脱水，促进水潴留；与60℃整体冷却相比，优化后的多区冷却使电流密度均匀性提高了45.49%，欧姆电阻降低了26.12%，1100 mA·cm-2时电池电压提高了6.86%；在120 h内，电化学表面积损失从38.52%降低到7.16%，氢交叉的增长降低了59.57%。这些结果表明，多区冷却可以有效地解耦合死角运行中的水热失效模式，显著提高性能的稳定性和耐久性，突出了其在质子交换膜燃料电池高级热管理方面的潜力。

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