Energy Conversion and Management最新文献

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Energy, exergy and mass balances of a biomass pyrolysis pilot plant 生物质热解试验装置的能量、火用和质量平衡

IF 10.9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management

Pub Date : 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121154

César Gracia-Monforte , Alejandro Lete , Frédéric Marias , Javier Ábrego , Jesús Arauzo

This work presents the methodology and results of the energy, exergy, and mass balances of a fixed-bed downdraft biomass pyrolysis pilot plant. The analysis covers different operating modes: pyrolysis without energy recovery, with energy recovery from products, and with combustion of non-condensable gases including exhaust-gas heat recovery. The proposed framework enables consistent comparison of energy and exergy performance under varying process configurations. Experimental results show that the external heat demand of the pyrolysis process strongly depends on the energy recovery strategy. When products are cooled to the reference state, the required heat input is approximately 1.3 MJ/kg, increasing to about 3 MJ/kg when products leave at the pyrolysis temperature. The combustion of process gases significantly reduces this demand, while integrating exhaust-gas heat recovery leads to quasi-autothermal operation. Exergy analysis reveals that gas combustion and heat recovery lower exergy efficiency due to the conversion of high-quality pyrogases into exhaust gases. Nevertheless, the methodology developed allows quantifying these trade-offs and provides a comprehensive tool to evaluate process integration strategies in biomass pyrolysis systems aimed at improved thermal performance and sustainability.

这项工作提出的方法和结果的能量，火用，和质量平衡的固定床下吸式生物质热解试点工厂。分析涵盖了不回收能量的热解、产品回收能量的热解和不凝气体燃烧包括废气热回收的三种运行模式。提出的框架能够在不同工艺配置下对能源和能源性能进行一致的比较。实验结果表明，热解过程的外热需求很大程度上取决于能量回收策略。当产品冷却到参考状态时，所需的热量输入约为1.3 MJ/kg，当产品在热解温度下离开时，所需的热量输入约为3 MJ/kg。过程气体的燃烧显著降低了这一需求，同时整合废气热回收导致准自热操作。火用分析表明，燃气燃烧和热回收降低了火用效率，因为高质量的热解酶转化为废气。然而，所开发的方法允许量化这些权衡，并提供了一个全面的工具来评估生物质热解系统的过程集成策略，旨在改善热性能和可持续性。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-zone cooling strategy for dead-end proton exchange membrane fuel cells: Enhancing performance, water-thermal balance and durability 终端质子交换膜燃料电池的多区域冷却策略：提高性能、水热平衡和耐久性

IF 10.9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management

Pub Date : 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121151

Zhangda Liu , Zhan Gao , Houchang Pei , Qi Li , Zhengkai Tu

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells operating in dead-end mode suffer from spatially coupled water-thermal non-uniformities, which lead to inlet membrane dehydration and outlet flooding, jointly degrading performance and durability. Conventional uniform cooling strategies cannot effectively decouple these competing phenomena, which motivates the development of spatially differentiated thermal management approaches. A multi-zone cooling strategy has been developed to enable independent precision control of three temperature zones (30°C/60°C/80°C) within a single cell. This innovation achieves synergistic water-thermal regulation by actively leveraging thermal gradients: Outlet flooding is suppressed through a localized high-temperature zone (80°C) that enhances liquid water evaporation; Inlet membrane dehydration is prevented via a cooler upper zone (30°C) that promotes water retention; Compared with integral cooling at 60°C, the optimized multi-zone cooling improved current–density uniformity by 45.49%, reduced ohmic resistance by up to 26.12%, and increased cell voltage by 6.86% at 1100 mA·cm-2, while decreasing electrochemical surface area loss from 38.52% to 7.16% and suppressing the growth of hydrogen crossover by 59.57% over 120 h These results indicate that multi-zone cooling can effectively decouple water-thermal failure modes in dead-end operation and significantly enhance performance stability and durability, highlighting its potential for advanced thermal management in proton exchange membrane fuel cells.

在终端模式下运行的质子交换膜燃料电池存在空间耦合的水-热不均匀性，导致进口膜脱水和出口淹水，共同降低了性能和耐久性。传统的均匀冷却策略不能有效地解耦这些竞争现象，这促使了空间差异化热管理方法的发展。开发了多区域冷却策略，可以在单个电池内独立精确控制三个温度区域（30°C/60°C/80°C）。这一创新通过积极利用热梯度实现了水热协同调节：通过局部高温区（80°C）抑制出口注水，促进液态水蒸发；通过较冷的上部区域（30°C）防止进口膜脱水，促进水潴留；与60℃整体冷却相比，优化后的多区冷却使电流密度均匀性提高了45.49%，欧姆电阻降低了26.12%，1100 mA·cm-2时电池电压提高了6.86%；在120 h内，电化学表面积损失从38.52%降低到7.16%，氢交叉的增长降低了59.57%。这些结果表明，多区冷却可以有效地解耦合死角运行中的水热失效模式，显著提高性能的稳定性和耐久性，突出了其在质子交换膜燃料电池高级热管理方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Identifying environmental hotspots in an industrial anaerobic digestion power plant for integration into the Canadian waste management system: A life cycle perspective 确定一个工业厌氧消化发电厂的环境热点，以整合到加拿大废物管理系统：一个生命周期的观点

IF 10.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management

Pub Date : 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121145

Salman Soltanian, Maryam Ebrahimzadeh Sarvestani, Omid Norouzi, Francesco Di Maria, Animesh Dutta

引用次数: 0

A reduced-order dynamic model for variable cross-section pipelines: development and validation, with impact analysis of convective term simplification on simulation 变截面管道降阶动态模型的开发与验证及对流项简化对仿真的影响分析

IF 10.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management

Pub Date : 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121149

Hao Qu, Shijie Zhang, Yuanying Wang

引用次数: 0

Thermo-economic optimization and performance evaluation of an integrated power and cooling system using organic working fluids powered by geothermal and solar energy 利用地热和太阳能驱动的有机工作流体的综合动力和冷却系统的热经济优化和性能评估

IF 10.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management

Pub Date : 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121043

Sajjad Abdi, Kourosh Javaherdeh, Shadi Safari Sabet

引用次数: 0

Solar-Driven Carbon Capture and Utilization for Enhanced Carbon Mitigation and Greenhouse Food Production 太阳能驱动的碳捕获和利用促进碳减排和温室粮食生产

IF 10.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management

Pub Date : 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121139

Yongting Shen, Xingzhi Yuan, Ling Zheng, Hongxing Yang

引用次数: 0

An internal heat recovery scheme for transcritical CO2 power cycle: Prototype design and performance testing 跨临界CO2动力循环的内部热回收方案：原型设计和性能测试

IF 10.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management

Pub Date : 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121040

Xingyan Bian, Xuan Wang, Zhi Ling, Yurong Wang, Hua Tian, Gequn Shu

引用次数: 0

Micro-combustion for thermophotovoltaic and thermoelectric systems: A review on stabilization and non-premixed modes 热光伏和热电系统的微燃烧：稳定和非预混模式的综述

IF 10.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management

Pub Date : 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121080

L.E. Muro, F.A. Godínez, J. Escobedo, R. Montoya

Micro-thermophotovoltaic and micro-thermoelectric systems are miniature devices for portable power generation, proposed as alternatives to lithium batteries in applications requiring long-lasting energy supply. Among their components, the combustor plays a central role, but its performance is challenged at microscale due to increased heat losses and reduced residence time. These factors hinder flame stabilization within the chamber, significantly affecting the overall efficiency of the system. To address the challenges of flame stability in micro-combustors, various stabilization techniques have been proposed and implemented, as extensively reviewed in the literature. However, this study focuses on two micro-combustion topics that have been relatively underexplored, offering novel insights and highlighting potential directions for future research. These topics were identified through a comprehensive literature review combined with bibliometric analysis. The areas of focus include the combined use of different stabilization strategies and the application of non-premixed combustion modes within micro-combustion systems. Particular emphasis is placed on the integration of stabilization strategies that enhance flame stability, thermal efficiency, and power output. The crucial role of porous media in enabling stable non-premixed combustion is also emphasized.

微热光伏和微热电系统是用于便携式发电的微型设备，在需要长期能源供应的应用中被提议作为锂电池的替代品。在这些部件中，燃烧室起着核心作用，但由于热损失增加和停留时间缩短，其性能在微尺度下受到挑战。这些因素阻碍了燃烧室内的火焰稳定，显著影响了系统的整体效率。为了解决微型燃烧器火焰稳定性的挑战，各种稳定技术已经被提出和实施，并在文献中进行了广泛的回顾。然而，本研究侧重于两个相对未被充分探索的微燃烧主题，提供了新的见解，并突出了未来研究的潜在方向。这些主题是通过综合文献综述结合文献计量学分析确定的。重点领域包括不同稳定策略的组合使用以及微燃烧系统中非预混燃烧模式的应用。特别强调的是放在稳定策略的集成，提高火焰稳定性，热效率和功率输出。强调了多孔介质在实现稳定的非预混燃烧中的关键作用。

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引用次数: 0

Design and performance analysis of an improved Claude-cycle-based hydrogen liquefaction system 改进的克劳德循环氢液化系统设计与性能分析

IF 10.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121060

M. Aghabalazadeh, L. Garousi Farshi, A.H. Mosaffa

Hydrogen is a clean and renewable energy carrier that has attracted global interest. However, its widespread use is limited by challenges in storage and transportation, which require efficient liquefaction processes. Conventional hydrogen liquefaction systems, like the Claude cycle, have low efficiency and high operating costs. This study presents an improved hydrogen liquefaction system based on the Claude cycle to improve its thermodynamic and economic performance. In the new design, part of the compressor outlet stream is expanded in the first expander. Additionally, the thermal energy from the compressor exhaust is recovered for power generation and gas precooling. Energy, exergy, and exergoeconomic analyses are performed for both the conventional and proposed systems. The results show that the new system has a higher coefficient of performance and exergy efficiency than the traditional Claude cycle. Furthermore, the exergoeconomic analysis shows a 51.27% reduction in liquefaction cost rate. A parametric analysis also indicates that the new system consistently performs better and at a lower cost across all compressor pressure ratios.

氢是一种清洁的可再生能源载体，引起了全球的兴趣。然而，它的广泛使用受到储存和运输方面的挑战的限制，这需要有效的液化过程。传统的氢液化系统，如克劳德循环，效率低，运行成本高。本文提出了一种基于克劳德循环的改进氢液化系统，以提高其热力学和经济性能。在新的设计中，压缩机出口流的一部分在第一膨胀器中膨胀。此外，从压缩机排气中回收热能用于发电和气体预冷。对常规系统和建议系统进行了能源、消耗和消耗经济分析。结果表明，与传统的克劳德循环相比，新系统具有更高的性能系数和火用效率。此外，燃烧经济分析表明，液化成本率降低了51.27%。参数分析还表明，在所有压缩机压力比下，新系统始终表现更好，成本更低。

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引用次数: 0

Transforming discarded cigarette butts into novel hydrochar catalyst towards biodiesel synthesis from waste cooking oil: a trash-to-treasure approach 将废弃烟头转化为新型烃类催化剂，用于从废食用油合成生物柴油：垃圾变现方法

IF 10.9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management

Pub Date : 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121138

Nabanita Ghosh, Gopinath Halder

In this study, a novel catalyst was contrived from disposed cigarette butt through hydrothermal carbonization and applied in a catalytic esterification method to transform waste cooking oil (WCO) into biodiesel. The physicochemical attributes of the catalyst were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), XPS (X-ray photon electroscopy), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), BET, and NH₃-TPD. The resulting catalyst has a surface area of 51.2 m²/g and a pore volume of 0.2470 cm³/g. Optimizing the process parameters as follows: methanol to oil ratio of 12:1, catalyst 6 wt%, reaction temperature 60℃, and reaction time 100 min by means of Response Surface Methodology (RSM), a remarkable biodiesel production of 97.14% was accomplished. The reaction proceeded with a moderately low activation energy of 52.360 kJ/mol. The catalyst exhibited excellent physical stability and reactivity, maintaining performance over eight consecutive cycles with 83.53% conversion. The catalyst’s efficacy in producing biodiesel from WCO was further advocated by ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR test. The cost of the engineered catalyst and waste cooking oil methyl ester (WCOME) was $5.53/kg and $0.61/L, subsequently implying its economic adaptability. The proposed catalyst was endorsed as an effective and sustainable catalyst for WCOME synthesis via esterification based on the Environment-factor (E-factor) and Turn Over Frequency (TOF). The preparation of a hydrothermally carbonized catalyst from waste cigarette butts for biodiesel production is a noteworthy example of innovative recycling and sustainable energy production.

本研究以废弃烟头为原料，通过水热炭化制备了一种新型催化剂，并应用于催化酯化法，将废食用油转化为生物柴油。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、x射线光子电镜（XPS）、x射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、能量色散x射线（EDX）、BET和NH3-TPD对催化剂的理化性质进行了表征。所得催化剂的表面积为51.2 m2/g，孔体积为0.2470 cm3/g。采用响应面法（Response Surface Methodology， RSM）优化工艺参数为：甲醇与油的比例为12:1，催化剂质量分数为6%，反应温度为60℃，反应时间为100 min，生物柴油的产率为97.14%。反应活化能较低，为52.360 kJ/mol。该催化剂表现出优异的物理稳定性和反应活性，连续8次循环均能保持83.53%的转化率。1H NMR和13C NMR进一步验证了催化剂在WCO生产生物柴油中的效果。工程催化剂和废食用油甲酯（WCOME）的成本分别为5.53美元/kg和0.61美元/L，表明其经济适应性。基于环境因子（E-factor）和翻转频率（TOF），该催化剂是一种有效且可持续的酯化合成WCOME催化剂。从废烟头中制备用于生物柴油生产的水热碳化催化剂是创新回收和可持续能源生产的一个值得注意的例子。

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