Energy Economics最新文献

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Unraveling the determinants of air pollutant emissions: A production-theoretical decomposition analysis with endogenous direction vectors 揭示空气污染物排放的决定因素：内生方向向量的生产-理论分解分析

IF 14.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Economics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109162

S.Y. Wang , F. Wu , Y.Z. Liao , P. Zhou

Reducing air pollutant emissions constitutes a pressing global imperative for sustainable economic development. As efficiency advancements and technological innovations have been recognized as pivotal determinants of emission dynamics, identifying the contributions to changes in air pollutant emissions from a technology perspective is fundamental to pollution control management. To properly assess the driving forces of efficiency and technology related determinants, we propose an innovative production decomposition analysis (PDA) framework. The approach strategically portrays the technology heterogeneity among production entities by incorporating the meta-frontier concept, and further characterizes the heterogenous improving pathways for environmental performance through endogenous direction vectors, which therefore provides a systematic architecture for better understanding the roles of technical determinants. We apply this meta-frontier PDA method to analyze the driving forces behind industrial SO₂ and NO_x emissions variations across 101 key environmental protection cities in China. Empirical results show that potential emission ratio is the predominant contributing factor to emissions reductions, while the economic scale effect is the principal contributor to emissions increases. The effects of potential energy intensity, environmental performance, and technology gap demonstrate spatiotemporal heterogeneity across urban systems and pollutant categories.

减少空气污染物的排放是全球经济可持续发展的当务之急。由于效率的提高和技术创新已被认为是排放动态的关键决定因素，从技术角度确定空气污染物排放变化的贡献是污染控制管理的基础。为了正确地评估效率和技术相关决定因素的驱动力，我们提出了一个创新的生产分解分析（PDA）框架。该方法通过整合元前沿概念，战略性地描绘了生产实体之间的技术异质性，并通过内生方向向量进一步表征了环境绩效的异质性改善途径，从而为更好地理解技术决定因素的作用提供了系统架构。本文运用元前沿PDA方法分析了中国101个环保重点城市工业SO2和NOx排放变化的驱动力。实证结果表明，潜在排放比是影响减排的主要因素，而经济规模效应是影响减排的主要因素。潜在能源强度、环境绩效和技术差距的影响表现出城市系统和污染物类别的时空异质性。

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引用次数: 0

The power of digital empowerment in the process of energy low-carbon transition: Dimension decomposition and path exploration 能源低碳转型过程中的数字化赋能力量：维度分解与路径探索

IF 14.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Economics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109215

Shuai Che , Miaomiao Tao , Haijie Wang , David Roubaud

To explore the impact mechanism and boundary conditions of digital empowerment on China's low-carbon energy transition, this paper conducts a study using multiple empirical analysis methods, with panel data from 285 prefecture-level cities and above in China from 2012 to 2022 as the sample. The results show that digital empowerment has a significant promoting effect on the low-carbon transformation of energy and presents distinct temporal characteristics. In the long-term dimension, the intensity of its impact gradually increases as the integration of digital technology and energy systems deepens. The short-term effect exhibits an inverted U-shaped dynamic trajectory, where the effect reaches a peak in the short term and then fluctuates and declines as the adaptation process unfolds. This impact also has obvious threshold characteristics. When the per capita GDP and the actual amount of foreign capital used reach specific levels, the promoting effect of digital empowerment on low-carbon energy transformation will increase significantly. Spatially, the impact of digital empowerment exhibits the characteristic of geographical radiation attenuation, and the cross-regional indirect spillover effect weakens significantly beyond a certain distance. Mechanistic analysis reveals that economic growth, technical support, optimization of enterprise energy consumption, and upgrading of household energy structures are the core pathways through which digital empowerment drives the low-carbon transition of energy.

为探究数字赋权对中国低碳能源转型的影响机制和边界条件，本文采用多种实证分析方法，以2012 - 2022年中国285个地级市及以上城市的面板数据为样本进行研究。结果表明，数字赋权对能源低碳转型具有显著的促进作用，且呈现明显的时间特征。在长期维度上，其影响强度随着数字技术与能源系统融合程度的加深而逐渐增强。短期效应呈现倒u型动态轨迹，在短期内达到峰值，然后随着适应过程的展开而波动和下降。这种影响也具有明显的阈值特征。当人均GDP和实际利用外资达到一定水平时，数字化赋能对低碳能源转型的促进作用将显著增强。在空间上，数字赋能的影响呈现出地理辐射衰减的特征，超过一定距离后，跨区域间接溢出效应显著减弱。机制分析表明，经济增长、技术支持、企业能源消费优化和家庭能源结构升级是数字赋能驱动能源低碳转型的核心路径。

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引用次数: 0

Clean vehicle ownership: Implications for effective policy interventions 清洁车辆所有权：对有效政策干预的影响

IF 14.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Economics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109172

Mercè Amich , Manuel Tomás , Petr Mariel , Iñaki Arto

The transport sector's increasing greenhouse gas emissions pose a critical challenge to efforts to mitigate climate change. This paper examines the factors influencing electric and hybrid vehicle ownership in Spain, while assessing the effectiveness of the MOVES Plan, the primary policy designed to encourage their adoption. Using seldom available revealed preferences data from the 2021 Survey of Essential Characteristics of the Population and Housing (ECEPOV-21) and a mixed logit model, key determinants of clean vehicle ownership are identified, highlighting an access gap driven by factors such as income, education level, or urban residence. The joint analysis of these results and the MOVES Plan shows that the current structure of the subsidies disproportionately benefits wealthier, urban, and highly educated households. Policy implications are discussed, providing recommendations for refining the design of the subsidy to support a more equitable and widespread adoption of clean vehicles.

交通运输部门不断增加的温室气体排放对减缓气候变化的努力构成了严峻挑战。本文考察了影响西班牙电动和混合动力汽车所有权的因素，同时评估了MOVES计划的有效性，该计划是旨在鼓励采用电动和混合动力汽车的主要政策。利用来自2021年人口和住房基本特征调查（ECEPOV-21）的很少可用的偏好数据和混合logit模型，确定了清洁车辆所有权的关键决定因素，突出了由收入、教育水平或城市居住等因素驱动的获取差距。对这些结果和move计划的联合分析表明，目前的补贴结构不成比例地惠及富裕、城市和受过高等教育的家庭。本文还讨论了政策影响，提出了完善补贴设计的建议，以支持更公平、更广泛地采用清洁车辆。

引用次数: 0

Does ESG performance mitigate ESG-negative events? Examining the insurance-like vs. greenwashing effect ESG绩效能否缓解ESG负面事件？检验类似保险与洗绿效应

IF 14.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Economics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109163

Yin-Hua Yeh , Chen-Chieh Liao

This paper examines how ESG performance moderates the impact of ESG-negative events on stock prices, using Taiwanese listed companies as the sample due to investors' easy access to ESG scores and a comprehensive database on event severity. The study contrasts two competing perspectives: the insurance-like effect and the greenwashing effect. The results indicate that the insurance-like effect diminishes when firms face severe ESG-negative events or financial constraints, with the effect being most pronounced in firms with high information asymmetry. Furthermore, the cost of equity capital serves as a transmission channel for this effect. Conversely, firms with high ESG exposure risks and elevated ESG scores experience more severe stock price declines following ESG-negative events, confirming the greenwashing effect. Notably, the insurance-like effect is observed only in companies with low ESG exposure risks. These findings highlight the dual role of ESG performance: acting both as a protective mechanism and as a source of heightened scrutiny in stock markets.

本研究以台湾上市公司为样本，考察ESG绩效如何调节ESG负面事件对股价的影响，因为台湾上市公司的ESG评分比较容易获得，且事件严重程度资料库比较完备。该研究对比了两种相互竞争的观点：类似保险的效应和洗绿效应。结果表明，当企业面临严重的esg负面事件或财务约束时，类保险效应减弱，在信息不对称程度较高的企业中效果最为明显。此外，权益资本成本是这种效应的传导渠道。相反，ESG暴露风险高、ESG得分高的公司在ESG负面事件发生后股价下跌更严重，证实了“漂绿效应”。值得注意的是，类似保险的效应仅在ESG暴露风险较低的公司中观察到。这些发现突出了ESG绩效的双重作用：既是保护机制，也是股票市场加强审查的来源。

引用次数: 0

From Data to Design: Constructing the Global Bioeconomy Complexity Index 从数据到设计：构建全球生物经济复杂性指数（BCI）

IF 14.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Economics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109211

Tabassum Tazin , Sascha Stark , Sandra Venghaus

This study introduces a novel socio-economic indicator designed to benchmark bioeconomy performance worldwide, thereby addressing a critical gap in existing evaluative tools as well as offering a unified tool for cross-national comparison and policy guidance. Using exports data of Harmonized System level 6 products from 2000 to 2023, we derived the Bioeconomy Complexity Index (BCI) for more than 150 countries and the emergence over 24 years employing the methodology used to compute the Economic Complexity Index (ECI) by Hidalgo and Hausmann. Countries have been ranked in terms of their respective BCI scores. Our findings suggest that countries scoring in the bottom are less complex and have fewer diversity when it comes to exporting bio-based products. The stark contrast between the top-tier and bottom-tier economies not only validates the Bioeconomy Complexity Index's effectiveness at capturing the twin dimensions of product complexity and export portfolio diversity but also highlights key gaps in global capability distribution.

本研究引入了一个新的社会经济指标，旨在对世界范围内的生物经济绩效进行基准测试，从而解决了现有评估工具中的一个关键差距，并为跨国比较和政策指导提供了一个统一的工具。采用Hidalgo和Hausmann计算经济复杂性指数（ECI）的方法，利用2000年至2023年协调制度6级产品的出口数据，得出了150多个国家和24 年的生物经济复杂性指数（BCI）。各国根据各自的脑机接口得分进行排名。我们的研究结果表明，在出口生物基产品方面，得分最低的国家不那么复杂，多样性也更少。顶级和底层经济体之间的鲜明对比不仅验证了生物经济复杂性指数在捕捉产品复杂性和出口组合多样性这两个维度方面的有效性，也凸显了全球能力分布的关键差距。

引用次数: 0

Impacts of market shocks and policy interventions on electric vehicle diffusion: An agent-based model 市场冲击与政策干预对电动汽车扩散的影响：一个基于主体的模型

IF 14.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Economics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109161

Shuo Yang, Wen Wen, Peng Zhou

Electric vehicle (EV) diffusion is critical for sustainable goals, yet it faces various uncertainties. This study develops an agent-based model (ABM) simulating EV diffusion paths under market shocks and policy interventions with heterogeneous social networks. The model demonstrates an enhanced capability for depicting EV diffusion amid turbulent times. Results show that market shocks arising from public opinion crises induce the most severe impacts on EV diffusion, while price shocks and financial crises have moderate effects. Although EV market shows resilience to moderate shocks, its diffusion process can be interrupted by large-scale public opinion crises. Public information campaigns boost short-term demand but risk depleting long-term market potential. In contrast, infrastructure policies are slow to have effects, but work for long-term expansions. Heterogeneity analyses reveal that effective shock mitigation requires tailored policy interventions: public information campaigns favor regions with weak social networks, infrastructure policies work for high-income consumers, and the optimal interventions shift from plate-quota policies and public information campaigns to infrastructure policies as the EV market matures.

电动汽车的推广是实现可持续发展目标的关键，但也面临诸多不确定性。本文建立了一个基于智能体的模型（ABM），模拟了市场冲击和政策干预下电动汽车在异质社会网络中的扩散路径。该模型显示了在动荡时期描绘EV扩散的增强能力。结果表明，舆论危机引发的市场冲击对电动汽车扩散的影响最为严重，价格冲击和金融危机对电动汽车扩散的影响较小。尽管电动汽车市场对中等冲击表现出弹性，但其扩散过程可能会被大规模舆论危机打断。公共宣传活动促进了短期需求，但有耗尽长期市场潜力的风险。相比之下，基础设施政策见效缓慢，但对长期扩张起作用。异质性分析表明，有效的冲击缓解需要有针对性的政策干预：公共信息运动有利于社会网络薄弱的地区，基础设施政策对高收入消费者有效，随着电动汽车市场的成熟，最优干预措施从车牌配额政策和公共信息运动转向基础设施政策。

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引用次数: 0

Do value-added tax incentives encourage corporate risk-taking and growth in the new energy sector? Evidence from Chinese listed firms 增值税激励措施是否鼓励了企业在新能源领域的冒险和增长？来自中国上市公司的证据

IF 14.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Economics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109207

Lei Du , Shikai Xu , Shenggang Ren

Value-added tax (VAT) incentives, while widely employed as a fiscal policy instrument, have received limited scholarly attention with respect to their role in promoting new energy development—particularly in terms of how such incentives can accelerate the growth of China's new energy industry. This paper constructs a quasi-natural experiment using longitudinal panel data from 820 Chinese listed firms and employs a difference-in-differences (DID) model to identify the causal effects. The results show that new energy VAT incentives significantly increase the risk-taking level of firms in the new energy sector. Mechanism tests suggest that these VAT incentives promote risk-taking by alleviating financing constraints and enhancing asset specificity. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the positive influence of VAT incentives on risk-taking is present only for small and growth-stage firms. Additionally, VAT incentives boost firm value by promoting scale expansion rather than R&D investment, offering important insights for refining future policy designs aimed at supporting the industry's sustainable development.

增值税激励虽然被广泛用作财政政策工具，但其在促进新能源发展方面的作用——特别是在这种激励如何加速中国新能源产业增长方面——却受到了有限的学术关注。本文利用820家中国上市公司的纵向面板数据构建了准自然实验，并采用差分中的差分（DID）模型来识别因果关系。结果表明，新能源增值税激励措施显著提高了新能源行业企业的风险承担水平。机制测试表明，这些增值税激励措施通过缓解融资约束和增强资产专用性来促进风险承担。异质性分析表明，增值税激励对风险承担的积极影响只存在于小型和成长阶段的公司。此外，增值税激励通过促进规模扩张而不是研发投资来提升企业价值，这为完善旨在支持行业可持续发展的未来政策设计提供了重要见解。

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引用次数: 0

Time-varying human capital and energy consumption for a panel of OECD countries in the long-run 长期一组经合组织国家的时变人力资本和能源消耗

IF 14.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Economics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109205

Kris Ivanovski , Russell Smyth , Xibin Zhang

We examine how human capital influences energy consumption in a panel of OECD nations in the long run. We make important contributions to understanding how education affects energy consumption. First, much of the existing research on how human capital affects energy consumption, employs time series or panel data which typically span a few decades. We utilise a newly assembled long-run panel spanning 150 years, disaggregated by primary, secondary, and tertiary levels, for a core set of OECD countries. This long panel enables us to examine how the human capital–energy relationship evolved during the Industrial Revolution, multiple energy transitions, and major global shocks. Second, most prior studies rely on parametric models that assume constant relationships over time. Such approaches yield average effects but fail to capture how the education–energy nexus shifts in response to changes in policies, technologies, and macroeconomic conditions. To overcome this limitation, we employ both a parametric and a semi-parametric estimator, which generates time-varying elasticities. Our parametric results highlight the heterogeneous effects of education, with primary and secondary schooling associated with higher energy consumption and tertiary education linked to lower energy consumption. Semi-parametric findings show that primary and secondary education contributed strongly to energy-intensive growth in the early stages of development, but their influence diminished as economies shifted toward services, while tertiary education became increasingly connected with lower energy use in later decades.

我们在经合组织国家的一个小组中研究了人力资本如何长期影响能源消耗。我们在理解教育如何影响能源消耗方面做出了重要贡献。首先，现有的关于人力资本如何影响能源消耗的研究大多采用时间序列或面板数据，这些数据通常跨越几十年。我们利用新组装的跨越150 年的长期面板，按小学、中学和大学水平分类，用于经合组织国家的核心集。这一长篇幅的专题讨论使我们能够研究在工业革命、多重能源转型和重大全球冲击期间，人力资本-能源关系是如何演变的。其次，大多数先前的研究依赖于参数模型，这些模型假设随时间变化的关系是恒定的。这种方法产生的效果一般，但未能捕捉到教育-能源关系如何随着政策、技术和宏观经济条件的变化而变化。为了克服这一限制，我们使用了参数和半参数估计量，从而产生时变弹性。我们的参数化结果突出了教育的异质性效应，小学和中学教育与较高的能源消耗有关，而高等教育与较低的能源消耗有关。半参数调查结果表明，初等和中等教育在发展的早期阶段对能源密集型增长作出了巨大贡献，但随着经济转向服务业，其影响减弱，而高等教育在后来的几十年里与较低的能源使用越来越密切相关。

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引用次数: 0

Bridging labor rights and energy efficiency: The role of social security contributions 衔接劳动权利和能源效率：社会保障缴款的作用

IF 14.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Economics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109189

Jingjing Yang , Weiming Liang

This study investigates the impact of corporate social security contributions on energy consumption intensity in China. Our empirical analysis reveals that social security contributions exert a negative effect on energy consumption intensity, driven by three key mechanisms: enhanced labor productivity, accelerated technical innovation, and reduced scale of operations. This effect is particularly pronounced in state-owned enterprises, manufacturing firms, new energy demonstration cities, and areas with stricter environmental regulations. This study contributes to the broader discourse on achieving synergies between economic development and environmental sustainability.

本研究考察了中国企业社会保障缴费对能源消耗强度的影响。实证分析表明，社会保障缴费对能源消费强度有负向影响，主要受劳动生产率提高、技术创新加速和经营规模缩小三个关键机制的驱动。这种影响在国有企业、制造业企业、新能源示范城市和环境法规较严格的地区尤为明显。这项研究有助于实现经济发展和环境可持续性之间的协同作用的更广泛的论述。

引用次数: 0

How can China's healthy city pilot policy improve energy efficiency? Insights from difference-in-differences and double/debiased machine learning approaches 中国健康城市试点政策如何提高能源效率？来自差异中的差异和双重/去偏见机器学习方法的见解

IF 14.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Economics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2025.109119

Zihao Zhou , Shanlang Lin , Zhan He , Xiaoming Zhang , Sutong Chen , Junpei Huang

Improving energy efficiency (EE) is a critical pathway toward resource conservation and urban environmental sustainability. While healthy city initiatives have been acknowledged for their positive environmental and public health outcomes, their implications for urban EE have received limited empirical attention. This study takes China's healthy city pilot (HCP) policy as a quasi-natural experiment to investigate how the HCP policy affects EE. Using panel data from 282 prefecture-level cities between 2006 and 2023, we employ a difference-in-differences (DID) approach and a double/debiased machine learning (DDML) method to ensure robust causal identification. The relevant results are threefold. (1) The HCP policy significantly improves EE in pilot cities, which is driven by increased clean energy adoption, enhanced green technology innovation capabilities, improved public transportation services, and raised public environmental awareness. (2) The result of moderating effect analysis reveals that government environmental regulation can amplify pilot cities' energy transition effect. (3) HCP policy implementation widens regional disparities in EE across pilot cities, exhibiting a Matthew effect, with greater benefits observed in cities with lower resource dependence, better healthcare, stronger digital economies, and more developed green foundations. We propose that alongside expanding healthy city initiatives informed by policy experience, governments should strengthen policy support for underdeveloped cities with weak environmental and economic foundations to advance the Healthy China strategy.

提高能源效率是实现资源节约和城市环境可持续发展的重要途径。虽然健康城市倡议因其积极的环境和公共卫生成果而得到认可，但其对城市EE的影响却受到有限的实证关注。本研究以中国健康城市试点（HCP）政策为准自然实验，探讨健康城市试点政策对情感表达的影响。利用2006年至2023年间282个地级市的面板数据，我们采用了差分法（DID）和双/去偏机器学习（DDML）方法来确保稳健的因果识别。相关的结果有三个方面。(1) HCP政策显著提高了试点城市的能效，这主要得益于清洁能源采用率的提高、绿色技术创新能力的增强、公共交通服务的改善和公众环保意识的提高。(2)调节效应分析结果表明，政府环境规制可以放大试点城市的能源转型效应。(3) HCP政策的实施扩大了试点城市环境友好度的区域差异，呈现马太效应，资源依赖度较低、医疗条件较好、数字经济实力较强、绿色基础较发达的城市环境友好度受益更大。我们建议各国政府在总结政策经验的基础上，在扩大健康城市倡议的同时，加强对环境和经济基础薄弱的欠发达城市的政策支持，以推进“健康中国”战略。

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