Energy Economics最新文献_第4页

The impacts of community solar projects on housing prices: Evidence from Maryland, the U.S 社区太阳能项目对房价的影响：来自美国马里兰州的证据

IF 14.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Economics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109175

Yu Gao , Yueming Qiu (Lucy) , Xiaoli Zhao , Pengfei Liu , Bin Lu

Community solar projects (CSPs) lower the cost threshold of residents' access to clean solar energy, especially for the low- and middle-income households and disadvantaged communities with low homeownership rates, and contribute to advancing renewable energy utilization in the broader public and reducing more household carbon emissions. While the impacts of solar farms and rooftop photovoltaic systems on local property prices are well-documented, the effects of CSPs remain largely unexplored. This paper provides empirical evidence on the impact of CSPs on nearby housing prices in Maryland based on multiple approaches, including a hedonic price model with fixed effects, propensity score matching, instrumental variable, and difference-in-differences methods. We find that CSPs are associated with a 1.8–2.1% average increase in surrounding housing prices, with stronger effects in urban regions, Democratic-leaning regions, regions with higher income and education levels, and near large-scale CSPs and CSPs built on brownfield. These findings reveal that CSPs can generate synergistic economic, social, and environmental benefits, highlighting their role as a promising mechanism for promoting renewable energy utilization and global sustainable development goals while enhancing community well-being. For policymakers and investors, integrating CSPs into broader sustainable development strategies and considering these local preferences can help expand CSP development, facilitate solar energy access among broader communities, and contribute to global sustainable development goals.

社区太阳能项目（csp）降低了居民获得清洁太阳能的成本门槛，特别是对于中低收入家庭和住房自有率较低的弱势社区，并有助于促进更广泛的公众利用可再生能源并减少更多的家庭碳排放。虽然太阳能农场和屋顶光伏系统对当地房地产价格的影响有据可查，但csp的影响在很大程度上仍未被探索。本文采用固定效应享乐价格模型、倾向得分匹配法、工具变量法和差中之差法等多种方法，对csp对马里兰州附近住宅价格的影响进行了实证研究。我们发现，csp与周边房价平均上涨1.8-2.1%相关，在城市地区、倾向民主党的地区、收入和教育水平较高的地区、大型csp附近和建在棕地上的csp的影响更大。这些发现表明，csp可以产生协同的经济、社会和环境效益，突出了其作为促进可再生能源利用和全球可持续发展目标，同时提高社区福祉的有希望的机制的作用。对于政策制定者和投资者来说，将光热发电纳入更广泛的可持续发展战略，并考虑这些地方偏好，有助于扩大光热发电的发展，促进更广泛社区获得太阳能，并为全球可持续发展目标做出贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Wood heating and moral licensing: A survey study 木材供暖与道德许可：一项调查研究

IF 14.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Economics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109171

Simon Mathex, Lisette Hafkamp Ibanez, Raphaële Préget

A rebound effect occurs when an energy efficiency improvement results in less energy savings than expected. Usually, this phenomenon is attributed to a price effect, as improvements in the energy efficiency of a technology reduce its cost of use, thereby encouraging increased usage. Recent studies taking into account environmental preferences suggest that the rebound effect is not only due to a price effect. A behavioral phenomenon, called moral licensing effect, may also lead users of a more efficient technology (often less damaging to the environment) to feel less guilt to use it more, and thus to increase the rebound effect. We conducted a survey involving 1510 French households to explore the moral licensing effect in the context of heating behavior. First, we show that most people declare they would increase their heating consumption if it had a lesser environmental impact. Second, we show that wood heating is perceived as a heating fuel with less environmental impact than oil, gas and electricity. Based on these results we conclude that policies promoting wood heating as a more environmentally friendly energy source may indeed induce a moral licensing effect, leading people to increase their heating usage and potentially counteracting expected environmental benefits of wood heating.

当能源效率提高导致的能源节约少于预期时，就会出现反弹效应。通常，这种现象归因于价格效应，因为一项技术的能源效率的提高降低了其使用成本，从而鼓励增加使用。最近考虑到环境偏好的研究表明，反弹效应不仅仅是由于价格效应。一种被称为道德许可效应的行为现象，也可能导致更高效技术（通常对环境的破坏更小）的用户对更多地使用它感到更少的内疚，从而增加反弹效应。我们进行了一项涉及1510个法国家庭的调查，以探讨供热行为背景下的道德许可效应。首先，我们表明，大多数人宣称，如果供暖对环境的影响较小，他们会增加供暖消耗。其次，我们表明，木材加热被认为是一种比石油、天然气和电力对环境影响更小的加热燃料。基于这些结果，我们得出结论，促进木材供暖作为一种更环保的能源的政策可能确实会引发道德许可效应，导致人们增加他们的供暖使用，并潜在地抵消木材供暖的预期环境效益。

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引用次数: 0

Blockchain technology, information asymmetry and corporate ESG performance: Evidence from China 区块链技术、信息不对称与企业ESG绩效：来自中国的证据

IF 14.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Economics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109150

Yijun Zhang , Jiajun Yu , Jiale Wang , Yi Song

ESG, as an emerging framework for assessing corporate sustainability, encounters challenges related to information asymmetry during its development. This issue can be tackled with innovative solutions derived from blockchain technology; however, limited research has investigated its effects on corporate ESG performance. This study analyzes the impact of blockchain technology on corporate ESG performance and explores its potential mechanisms, utilizing unbalanced panel data from Chinese A-share listed companies spanning from 2009 to 2023. The findings suggest that: (1) Blockchain technology significantly improves corporate ESG performance, a conclusion that persists through stability and endogeneity tests. (2) Heterogeneity analysis reveals that blockchain technology leads to more substantial enhancement in ESG performance for smaller firms, companies located in eastern China, and non-heavy polluting enterprises. (3) Mechanism analysis suggests that blockchain technology improves ESG performance through enhanced corporate information disclosure and heightened spatial location competition. (4) Corporate financial risk and verification processes have a negative moderating effect on the positive influence exerted by blockchain technology on ESG performance. (5) In the process of enhancing ESG performance driven by blockchain technology, the most significant improvement is observed in the social dimension. This research offers theoretical support and empirical evidence regarding the influence of blockchain technology on enhancing firms' sustainable development.

ESG作为一种新兴的企业可持续发展评估框架，在其发展过程中遇到了与信息不对称相关的挑战。这个问题可以通过区块链技术衍生的创新解决方案来解决；然而，关于其对企业ESG绩效影响的研究有限。本文利用2009 - 2023年中国a股上市公司的非平衡面板数据，分析区块链技术对企业ESG绩效的影响，并探讨其潜在机制。研究结果表明：(1)区块链技术显著提高了企业ESG绩效，这一结论通过稳定性和内生性检验得以维持。(2)异质性分析表明，区块链技术对中小企业、东部地区企业和非重污染企业的ESG绩效提升更为显著。(3)机理分析表明，区块链技术通过增强企业信息披露和增强空间区位竞争来提高企业ESG绩效。(4)公司财务风险和验证过程对b区块链技术对ESG绩效的正向影响具有负向调节作用。(5)在区块链技术驱动下企业ESG绩效提升的过程中，社会维度的提升最为显著。本研究为区块链技术对促进企业可持续发展的影响提供了理论支持和实证证据。

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引用次数: 0

A climate stress testing exercise on loans to European small and medium enterprises 对欧洲中小企业贷款的气候压力测试

IF 14.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Economics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109177

Yujia Chen , Zhenghong Ding , Luca Barbaglia , Raffaella Calabrese , Serena Fatica

We develop a micro-level climate stress testing framework to evaluate the financial performance of small business loans under diverse climate scenarios. Focusing on European small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), we estimate the impact of coastal, flash, and river floods on loan default risk using a discrete-time survival model. Our analysis reveals that flood events significantly increase SME loan default probabilities in countries such as Spain and France. However, this effect is notably reduced in regions with strong infrastructure or effective support mechanisms. To complement the empirical findings, we conduct a forward-looking stress testing exercise that projects default probability trajectories under varying flood severity scenarios. This approach enables financial institutions and regulators to quantify the loan-level credit risk associated with climate-related flooding, offering valuable insights for risk management and policy design.

我们开发了一个微观层面的气候压力测试框架，以评估不同气候情景下小企业贷款的财务绩效。本文以欧洲中小企业（SMEs）为研究对象，利用离散时间生存模型估计了沿海、山洪和河流洪水对贷款违约风险的影响。我们的分析表明，洪水事件显著增加了西班牙和法国等国中小企业贷款违约的可能性。然而，在基础设施强大或支持机制有效的地区，这种影响明显减弱。为了补充实证研究结果，我们进行了前瞻性压力测试，预测了不同洪水严重程度情景下的违约概率轨迹。这种方法使金融机构和监管机构能够量化与气候相关洪水相关的贷款级信用风险，为风险管理和政策设计提供有价值的见解。

引用次数: 0

Special issue of energy economics: Sustainable governance and energy transition 能源经济学特刊：可持续治理与能源转型

IF 14.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Economics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109204

Renatas Kizys , Ramzi Benkraiem , Panagiotis Tzouvanas

This Special Issue on Sustainable Governance and the Energy Transition brings together 14 papers that examine the ways in which corporate governance, financial markets, public policy, and social factors shape the energy transition. Across a diverse set of contexts, the papers examine the impact of sustainable finance, corporate decision-making, and policy interventions on the low-carbon energy transition. Several papers show that climate transition risks are increasingly reflected in credit and equity markets, although the extent and mechanisms of this incorporation vary across countries and economic regimes. Strong governance emerges as an important condition for translating sustainable finance initiatives and divestment strategies into meaningful changes in investment behaviour. Other papers demonstrate that market-based climate policies, incentives for electric vehicles, and financial innovations driven by digital technologies can accelerate shifts in energy production and consumption, particularly when supported by credible and stable institutions. At the household and community level, the evidence points to the importance of perceptions of affordability, fairness, and institutional trust in shaping public acceptance and behavioural responses to the energy transition. These findings emphasise that governance acts as a critical enabling framework for the energy transition, influencing how technologies are adopted, how risks and costs are distributed, and how benefits are shared. Strengthening sustainable governance across financial markets, firms, public institutions, and local communities is therefore fundamental to achieving a low-carbon energy transition that is effective, resilient, and socially inclusive.

本期《可持续治理与能源转型》特刊汇集了14篇论文，探讨了公司治理、金融市场、公共政策和社会因素如何影响能源转型。在不同的背景下，论文研究了可持续金融、企业决策和政策干预对低碳能源转型的影响。几篇论文表明，气候转型风险越来越多地反映在信贷和股票市场中，尽管这种纳入的程度和机制因国家和经济体制而异。强有力的治理成为将可持续金融倡议和撤资战略转化为投资行为有意义变化的重要条件。其他论文表明，以市场为基础的气候政策、电动汽车激励措施以及数字技术驱动的金融创新可以加速能源生产和消费的转变，特别是在可靠和稳定的机构的支持下。在家庭和社区层面，有证据表明，在形成公众对能源转型的接受度和行为反应方面，对可负担性、公平性和制度信任的认识非常重要。这些发现强调，治理是能源转型的关键扶持框架，影响着技术的采用方式、风险和成本的分配方式以及利益的共享方式。因此，加强金融市场、企业、公共机构和地方社区的可持续治理对于实现有效、有韧性和社会包容性的低碳能源转型至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

The role of socially responsible firms and government subsidies in the sustainability transition: A multi-objective game 社会责任企业和政府补贴在可持续转型中的作用：一个多目标博弈

IF 14.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Economics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109198

Lijue Lu, Fouad Ben Abdelaziz

This paper develops a multi-stage game-theoretic model to examine how different institutional mechanisms influence firms’ incentives to invest in sustainability. In the base model, two competing firms decide first whether to join a sustainability initiative. Then, participating firms choose both their production quantities and levels of sustainability effort. Sustainability investments generate a green premium, reflecting consumers’ willingness to pay for environmentally responsible products, but also produce spillover effects that benefit competitors. We further analyse two contrasting scenarios. In Scenario

G

, a government offers subsidies to incentivize participation and align private actions with social goals. In Scenario

R

, firms are intrinsically motivated by corporate responsibility and pursue both profit and environmental performance. Using the

ϵ

-constraint method, we characterize the Pareto frontier for each scenario compare the results. Our findings reveal that well-calibrated subsidies can overcome free-rider problems and coordinate firms toward higher joint performance, while voluntary participation alone may lead to inefficient outcomes. However, at high levels of environmental ambition, both mechanisms converge in effectiveness. The results offer policy and managerial insights on how to design incentive systems that support industry-wide sustainability transitions.

本文建立了一个多阶段博弈论模型来考察不同制度机制对企业可持续投资激励的影响。在基本模型中，两个相互竞争的公司首先决定是否加入可持续发展倡议。然后，参与企业选择他们的生产数量和可持续性努力的水平。可持续性投资产生绿色溢价，反映出消费者愿意为对环境负责的产品付费，但也产生有利于竞争对手的溢出效应。我们进一步分析两种截然不同的情景。在情景G中，政府提供补贴以激励参与，并使私人行动与社会目标保持一致。在情景R中，企业受到企业责任的内在激励，同时追求利润和环境绩效。使用ϵ-constraint方法，我们描述了每个场景的帕累托边界，并比较了结果。我们的研究结果表明，精心调整的补贴可以克服搭便车问题，协调企业向更高的联合绩效发展，而单独的自愿参与可能导致低效的结果。然而，在高水平的环境目标上，这两种机制的效力趋于一致。研究结果为如何设计支持全行业可持续性转型的激励制度提供了政策和管理见解。

{"title":"The role of socially responsible firms and government subsidies in the sustainability transition: A multi-objective game","authors":"Lijue Lu, Fouad Ben Abdelaziz","doi":"10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper develops a multi-stage game-theoretic model to examine how different institutional mechanisms influence firms’ incentives to invest in sustainability. In the base model, two competing firms decide first whether to join a sustainability initiative. Then, participating firms choose both their production quantities and levels of sustainability effort. Sustainability investments generate a green premium, reflecting consumers’ willingness to pay for environmentally responsible products, but also produce spillover effects that benefit competitors. We further analyse two contrasting scenarios. In Scenario <span><math><mi>G</mi></math></span>, a government offers subsidies to incentivize participation and align private actions with social goals. In Scenario <span><math><mi>R</mi></math></span>, firms are intrinsically motivated by corporate responsibility and pursue both profit and environmental performance. Using the <span><math><mi>ϵ</mi></math></span>-constraint method, we characterize the Pareto frontier for each scenario compare the results. Our findings reveal that well-calibrated subsidies can overcome free-rider problems and coordinate firms toward higher joint performance, while voluntary participation alone may lead to inefficient outcomes. However, at high levels of environmental ambition, both mechanisms converge in effectiveness. The results offer policy and managerial insights on how to design incentive systems that support industry-wide sustainability transitions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11665,"journal":{"name":"Energy Economics","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 109198"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146208847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Will hydrogen prolong the price coupling between gas and electricity? 氢会延长天然气和电力之间的价格耦合吗？

IF 14.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Economics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109221

Martin Densing , Yi Wan , Evangelos Panos , Tom Kober , Thomas J. Schmidt , Russell McKenna

Currently, market prices of methane gas influence prices of electricity. In future energy markets, the influence may be bidirectional via the energy carrier hydrogen, which can be produced both from electricity and methane. To investigate how future hydrogen deployment may affect market prices, we develop a numerical model of coupled spot markets of electricity, methane gas, and hydrogen, where wholesale hydrogen is assumed to be traded on an hourly market with elastic demand in an equilibrium model with conjectural variations. While our numerical study is stylized, input data reflects the Central Western Europe region, and we consider an exogenous energy-systems’ capacity expansion scenario in years 2040 and 2050 under a stringent climate policy. We consider price changes induced by switching off electrolyzers and hydrogen storage, and by increasing import gas prices. While electrolyzers lower hydrogen prices and increase electricity prices, they also increase electricity price volatility in our model because peak-demand periods of electricity and hydrogen may intersect. Storage of hydrogen barely reduces the short-term volatility of electricity prices. By allowing hydrogen production other than through electrolyzers, price influences become complex: for example, hydrogen storage favors mostly steam-methane reforming, and electrolyzers amplify electricity price hikes under gas import price hikes. Hence, future market designs for promoting renewables may consider guidelines on the usage of hydrogen storage and may closely monitor the marginal technologies that determine the prices on the hydrogen and electricity markets.

目前，甲烷气的市场价格影响着电价。在未来的能源市场中，这种影响可能是双向的，通过能源载体氢，它可以从电力和甲烷中产生。为了研究未来氢的部署如何影响市场价格，我们开发了一个电力、甲烷气和氢的耦合现货市场的数值模型，其中批发氢被假设在一个具有推测变化的均衡模型中具有弹性需求的小时市场上交易。虽然我们的数值研究是程式化的，但输入数据反映了西欧中部地区，并且我们考虑了在严格的气候政策下2040年和2050年外生能源系统的容量扩张情景。我们考虑了关闭电解槽和储氢装置以及提高进口天然气价格所引起的价格变化。虽然电解槽降低了氢气价格并提高了电价，但在我们的模型中，它们也增加了电价的波动性，因为电力和氢气的高峰需求期可能会相交。氢的储存几乎不能降低电价的短期波动。如果允许不通过电解槽制氢，则对价格的影响将变得复杂。例如，氢气储存主要有利于蒸汽-甲烷重整，电解槽在天然气进口价格上涨的情况下放大了电价上涨。因此，促进可再生能源的未来市场设计可能会考虑关于氢储存使用的指导方针，并可能密切监测决定氢和电力市场价格的边际技术。

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引用次数: 0

The role of artificial intelligence in global green energy products trade pattern evolution: Based on the international trade network perspective 人工智能在全球绿色能源产品贸易格局演变中的作用——基于国际贸易网络视角

IF 14.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Economics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109210

Gang Wu , Xiaomin Liu , Yu Zhao

Artificial intelligence (AI) technology has been extensively applied in green technological innovation and green energy system, effectively facilitating production and consumption of green energy. However, the role of AI in shaping the green energy products trade pattern remains understudied. From the perspective of the international trade networks, this study constructs the global green energy trade networks (GGETNs) and global industrial robot trade networks (GIRTNs) representing AI interaction among economies from 2010 to 2022, analyzing their evolution of network structure and node importance. Using the temporal exponential random graph model (TERGM), this study explores the influencing mechanism of AI on the evolution of the GGETNs. The research findings suggest that (1) Although most structural indicators of GGETNs exceed those of GIRTNs, their evolution trends and growth directions demonstrate remarkable similarities. Trade reciprocity and trade clique among economies play important roles in their evolution. Both GGETNs and GIRTNs gradually exhibit “China-the United States-Germany” trade pattern, emerging markets and developing economies play pivotal bridging roles in GGETNs, with Ireland and South Africa as key connectors in GIRTNs. China, Japan, and the United States wield more significant trade influence on both networks. (2) AI trade interaction among economies significantly promotes network evolution, reciprocal trade and trade clique of GGETNs. Economies with higher trade strength and stronger central influence for industrial robot products are more likely to develop green energy products trade, and economies with higher trade strength and stronger central influence are more likely to engage in reciprocal trade and trade clique. The GGETNs exhibit strong evolutionary stability when embedded in the GIRTNs. (3) Heterogeneity tests demonstrate that the promoting effect of AI on GGETNs' evolution is more pronounced in emerging markets and developing economies. These findings carry significant implications for harnessing AI to accelerate the global green energy transition.

人工智能技术在绿色技术创新和绿色能源体系中得到广泛应用，有效促进了绿色能源的生产和消费。然而，人工智能在塑造绿色能源产品贸易格局中的作用仍未得到充分研究。从国际贸易网络的角度，构建了2010 - 2022年全球绿色能源贸易网络（GGETNs）和全球工业机器人贸易网络（GIRTNs），分析了它们的网络结构演变和节点重要性。利用时间指数随机图模型（TERGM），探讨人工智能对GGETNs演化的影响机制。研究结果表明：(1)虽然GGETNs的大部分结构指标都超过了GIRTNs，但它们的演化趋势和生长方向具有显著的相似性。经济之间的贸易互惠和贸易集团在其演变过程中发挥了重要作用。GGETNs和GIRTNs逐渐呈现出“中-美-德”的贸易格局，新兴市场和发展中经济体在GGETNs中发挥着关键的桥梁作用，爱尔兰和南非是GIRTNs的关键连接器。中国、日本和美国对这两个网络的贸易影响更大。(2)经济体间的AI贸易互动显著促进了ggetn的网络演化、互惠贸易和贸易集团。贸易实力较高、工业机器人产品中心影响力较强的经济体更有可能发展绿色能源产品贸易，贸易实力较高、中心影响力较强的经济体更有可能开展互惠贸易和贸易小集团。当ggetn嵌入到girtn中时，ggetn表现出很强的进化稳定性。(3)异质性检验表明，人工智能对新兴市场和发展中经济体GGETNs演化的促进作用更为明显。这些发现对利用人工智能加速全球绿色能源转型具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

How to sustainably spur R&D of energy storage? Policy options and combinations 如何可持续地推动储能研发？策略选项和组合

IF 14.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Economics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109226

Haowei Jin , Ju-e Guo , Yanzhao Li , Shouyang Wang

Governmental incentives (e.g. production subsidy, R&D subsidy, and tax benefit) could spur the research and development (R&D) of energy storage enterprises (ESEs), thereby reducing the cost of energy storage. However, long-term high-intensity incentives may increase fiscal burden and disrupt the sustainability of incentive policies. We develop a compound real option model to identify and compare the influence mechanisms and consequences of individual or combined incentives on ESEs’ R&D decisions, and further explore the effects of different incentives on fiscal burden. The main conclusions are as follows. (1) Production subsidy and R&D subsidy can promote early start of R&D, while tax benefit does the opposite. R&D subsidy leads to longer duration of R&D and faster cost reduction than other incentives. (2) With increasing incentive intensity, R&D subsidy enables faster cost reduction and more investment revenue than production subsidy and tax benefit, thereby increasing ESE’s total taxes and reducing governmental fiscal burden. (3) Incentive combinations bring longer duration of R&D and more social welfare, but increase fiscal burden and fail to spur early start of R&D. There are also differences in the effects of these incentive combinations. (4) Simulations of dynamic changes in incentives for China and the United States reveal that China’s approach yields longer duration of R&D and faster cost reduction, but with bigger fiscal burden. We finally discuss how governments select reasonable incentive policies and combinations according to regional endowments.

政府的激励措施（如生产补贴、研发补贴、税收优惠等）可以刺激储能企业的研发，从而降低储能成本。然而，长期的高强度激励可能增加财政负担，破坏激励政策的可持续性。我们建立了一个复合实物期权模型，以识别和比较个体或组合激励对中小企业研发决策的影响机制和后果，并进一步探讨不同激励对财政负担的影响。主要结论如下：(1)生产补贴和研发补贴可以促进研发的早期启动，而税收优惠则相反。研发补贴与其他激励相比，研发持续时间更长，成本降低速度更快。(2)随着激励力度的加大，研发补贴比生产补贴和税收优惠能更快地降低成本，带来更多的投资收益，从而增加了企业的税收总额，减轻了政府的财政负担。(3)激励组合带来了更长的研发时间和更多的社会福利，但增加了财政负担，不能刺激研发的早期启动。这些激励组合的效果也存在差异。(4)对中美两国激励机制动态变化的模拟表明，中国的研发周期更长，成本降低更快，但财政负担更大。最后讨论了政府如何根据地区禀赋选择合理的激励政策和组合。

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引用次数: 0

The impact of solar panel installation on electricity consumption and production: A firm’s perspective 太阳能电池板安装对电力消费和生产的影响：一个企业的视角

IF 14.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Economics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109202

Natalia D’Agosti , Facundo Danza

Since 2010, the Uruguayan government has fostered the installation of solar panels among firms to promote the production of small-scale renewable electricity. Under this policy, firms that have installed solar panels are allowed to feed any surplus electricity into the grid. Using electricity consumption and grid injection data from every firm that installed a microgenerator between 2011 and 2022, we study the economic and environmental consequences of this policy. First, we find that installing a solar panel reduces the amount of electricity extracted from the grid. Second, we find that it increases the electricity injected into the grid. Third, we find that it reduces CO

_{2}

emissions only marginally. Fourth, we provide evidence of a rebound effect, which ranges from 18% to 20%. Lastly, we propose an alternative policy that allows firms to store their excess electricity in batteries rather than immediately injecting it into the grid. This policy would further reduce CO

_{2}

emissions by 2.7%, incentivizing the injection of electricity at night, when fossil-fuel-based facilities meet the demand at the margin. Our results highlight the importance of integrating storage solutions into renewable energy policy design.

自2010年以来，乌拉圭政府一直鼓励企业安装太阳能电池板，以促进小规模可再生电力的生产。根据这项政策，安装了太阳能电池板的公司可以将多余的电力输入电网。利用2011年至2022年间安装微型发电机的每家公司的电力消耗和电网注入数据，我们研究了这一政策的经济和环境后果。首先，我们发现安装太阳能电池板减少了从电网中提取的电量。其次，我们发现它增加了注入电网的电力。第三，我们发现它只略微减少了二氧化碳的排放。第四，我们提供了反弹效应的证据，反弹效应在18%到20%之间。最后，我们提出了一项替代政策，允许企业将多余的电力储存在电池中，而不是立即将其注入电网。这一政策将进一步减少2.7%的二氧化碳排放，鼓励在夜间注入电力，届时基于化石燃料的设施可以满足边际需求。我们的研究结果强调了将储能解决方案整合到可再生能源政策设计中的重要性。

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引用次数: 0