Pub Date : 2016-06-29DOI: 10.4172/2161-1017.1000243
C. Mesquita, D. Ferreira, Assaly
Unfolded protein response is an adaptive cellular response that adjust protein translation rate to specific external stress. This response has been demonstrated to mediate programmed cell death and insulin resistance in pathophysiological conditions such as diabetes. More recently, it has been demonstrated that the pharmacological activation of UPR in the hypothalamus is able to stimulate food intake through mechanism not completely determined.
{"title":"Effect of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress on Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 in Hypothalamic Cells","authors":"C. Mesquita, D. Ferreira, Assaly","doi":"10.4172/2161-1017.1000243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-1017.1000243","url":null,"abstract":"Unfolded protein response is an adaptive cellular response that adjust protein translation rate to specific external stress. This response has been demonstrated to mediate programmed cell death and insulin resistance in pathophysiological conditions such as diabetes. More recently, it has been demonstrated that the pharmacological activation of UPR in the hypothalamus is able to stimulate food intake through mechanism not completely determined.","PeriodicalId":11670,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"31 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73673451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-27DOI: 10.4172/2161-1017.1000242
R. Kawamoto, D. Ninomiya, Y. Kasai, T. Kusunoki, N. Ohtsuka, T. Kumagi, M. Abe
Introduction: Blood pressure (BP) is one of the most significant manifestations of aging and vascular disease. Oxidative stress is thought to be involved in the development of vascular dysfunction, however, the effect on baseline and changes in peripheral BP is unknown. We investigated whether baseline and changes in the oxidative stress marker, malondialdehyde-modified low density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL) are associated with baseline and change in BP, by a 12-week exercise among Japanese community-dwelling persons. Methods: The subjects comprised 10 men and 76 women aged 70 ± 7 (range, 61-82) and 67 ± 7 (range, 53-81) years, respectively. Before and at the end of the 12-week training program, metabolic variables including MDA-LDL, and systolic BP (SBP) anddiastolic BP (DBP) were obtained. Results: Gender, baseline TG, and MDL-LDL correlated significantly with baseline SBP; gender, age, BMI, TG, MDA-LDL, hsCRP, GGT, and HMA-IR correlated significantly with DBP. Stepwise linear regression analysis for baseline BP status showed that baseline BMI and MDA-LDL are significantly and independently associated with SBP, and age while baseline GGT significantly and independently associated with DBP. After the 12-week Nordic walking exercise, change in MDA-LDL significantly correlated with changes in SBP and DBP. Stepwise multivariate linear regression analysis for changes in BP parameters showed that reduction in MDA-LDL was significantly and independently associated with reduction in SBP. Conclusions:These results suggest that reduction in MDA-LDL may be a predictor for reduction in SBP after a 12-week exercise in community-dwelling persons.
{"title":"Influence of Oxidative Stress on Blood Pressure among Japanese Community- Dwelling Persons","authors":"R. Kawamoto, D. Ninomiya, Y. Kasai, T. Kusunoki, N. Ohtsuka, T. Kumagi, M. Abe","doi":"10.4172/2161-1017.1000242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-1017.1000242","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Blood pressure (BP) is one of the most significant manifestations of aging and vascular disease. Oxidative stress is thought to be involved in the development of vascular dysfunction, however, the effect on baseline and changes in peripheral BP is unknown. We investigated whether baseline and changes in the oxidative stress marker, malondialdehyde-modified low density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL) are associated with baseline and change in BP, by a 12-week exercise among Japanese community-dwelling persons. \u0000Methods: The subjects comprised 10 men and 76 women aged 70 ± 7 (range, 61-82) and 67 ± 7 (range, 53-81) years, respectively. Before and at the end of the 12-week training program, metabolic variables including MDA-LDL, and systolic BP (SBP) anddiastolic BP (DBP) were obtained. \u0000Results: Gender, baseline TG, and MDL-LDL correlated significantly with baseline SBP; gender, age, BMI, TG, MDA-LDL, hsCRP, GGT, and HMA-IR correlated significantly with DBP. Stepwise linear regression analysis for baseline BP status showed that baseline BMI and MDA-LDL are significantly and independently associated with SBP, and age while baseline GGT significantly and independently associated with DBP. After the 12-week Nordic walking exercise, change in MDA-LDL significantly correlated with changes in SBP and DBP. Stepwise multivariate linear regression analysis for changes in BP parameters showed that reduction in MDA-LDL was significantly and independently associated with reduction in SBP. \u0000Conclusions:These results suggest that reduction in MDA-LDL may be a predictor for reduction in SBP after a 12-week exercise in community-dwelling persons.","PeriodicalId":11670,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"69 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80359765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-27DOI: 10.4172/2161-1017.1000241
B. Karbek, Pınarlı Fa, G. Erden, E. Çakal, T. Delibaşı
Background: Transplantation of islets of Langerhans can improve glycometabolic control in type 1 diabetic patients; however, recipients usually require islets from 1-3 donor pancreas. Current isolation techniques generally recover <50% of the islets from a given pancreas. This study aimed to determine the effect of cord blood serum (CBS) on isolated pancreatic islet cells in vitro. Methods: Rat pancreatic islets were isolated via collagenase digestion, and then cultured with and without the presence of 50 μl, 100 μl, and 150 μl of CBS. Next, islet cell viability was determined using a fluorescein diacetate and propidium iodide mixture via fluorescence microscopy. Additionally, islet function was evaluated based on insulin secretion. Results: Treatment of primary cultures of rat pancreatic islets with CBS resulted in augmented β-cell viability. It was observed that the viability rate increased as the concentration of CBS increased and that viability was higher in the 150 μl of CBS group than in the control group. CBS was observed to preserve β-cell glucose responsiveness and insulin secretion under basal (3.3 mmoll-1) and stimulated (16.7 mmoll-1) glucose conditions. Moreover, a significant increase in insulin secretion was observed following treatment with 50 μl of CBS. Conclusions: The present findings show that cord blood serum treatment of freshly isolated rat islets had a positive effect on islet survival by increasing their viability. We think these findings suggest that CBS might be a suitable factor for optimizing and stimulating recovery, and subsequent function of islets during in vitro culturing, indicating that CBS might play an important role in the biophysiological function of pancreatic islets.
{"title":"The Effects of Cord Blood Serum on Survival of Rat Pancreatic Islets during In vitro Culturing","authors":"B. Karbek, Pınarlı Fa, G. Erden, E. Çakal, T. Delibaşı","doi":"10.4172/2161-1017.1000241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-1017.1000241","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Transplantation of islets of Langerhans can improve glycometabolic control in type 1 diabetic patients; however, recipients usually require islets from 1-3 donor pancreas. Current isolation techniques generally recover <50% of the islets from a given pancreas. This study aimed to determine the effect of cord blood serum (CBS) on isolated pancreatic islet cells in vitro. \u0000Methods: Rat pancreatic islets were isolated via collagenase digestion, and then cultured with and without the presence of 50 μl, 100 μl, and 150 μl of CBS. Next, islet cell viability was determined using a fluorescein diacetate and propidium iodide mixture via fluorescence microscopy. Additionally, islet function was evaluated based on insulin secretion. \u0000Results: Treatment of primary cultures of rat pancreatic islets with CBS resulted in augmented β-cell viability. It was observed that the viability rate increased as the concentration of CBS increased and that viability was higher in the 150 μl of CBS group than in the control group. CBS was observed to preserve β-cell glucose responsiveness and insulin secretion under basal (3.3 mmoll-1) and stimulated (16.7 mmoll-1) glucose conditions. Moreover, a significant increase in insulin secretion was observed following treatment with 50 μl of CBS. \u0000Conclusions: The present findings show that cord blood serum treatment of freshly isolated rat islets had a positive effect on islet survival by increasing their viability. We think these findings suggest that CBS might be a suitable factor for optimizing and stimulating recovery, and subsequent function of islets during in vitro culturing, indicating that CBS might play an important role in the biophysiological function of pancreatic islets.","PeriodicalId":11670,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"35 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73766311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-20DOI: 10.4172/2161-1017.1000240
G. Nejad, C. Jeong, H. Shahsavarani, S. Kil, J. Lee
Objective: This study tests the feasibility and validity of analyzing cortisol levels within human teeth and the possibility of any potential gender differences. Methods: As a precursor, to confirm the general presence and existence of cortisol within teeth, six healthy supernumerary teeth were initially extracted and examined following the ELISA method. After confirming that cortisol was in fact present within human teeth, we began the main experiment. In order to examine any potential gender differences, twenty-one extracted wisdom teeth were collected from subjects (11 male and 10 female) within the age range of 27-29 yrs. Results: The results showed irrefutable proof of the existence of cortisol within the dentin of the teeth. Observations revealed that gender had no significant impact upon a subject’s dental cortisol levels (p>0.05), suggesting that cortisol in teeth can be used as an unbiased and reliable means of studying stress. Conclusions: This is the first report on extraction and analysis of cortisol levels in hard tissues, such as teeth, leading to the discovery of a novel biomarker that can be used when studying chronic stress. Practical application of this study can be used postmortem to assess cortisol levels in patients suffering from prolonged disorders, including patients having undergone chemotherapy treatments, when hair cortisol analysis proved to be problematic.
{"title":"Embedded Dental Cortisol Content: A Pilot Study","authors":"G. Nejad, C. Jeong, H. Shahsavarani, S. Kil, J. Lee","doi":"10.4172/2161-1017.1000240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-1017.1000240","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study tests the feasibility and validity of analyzing cortisol levels within human teeth and the possibility of any potential gender differences. \u0000Methods: As a precursor, to confirm the general presence and existence of cortisol within teeth, six healthy supernumerary teeth were initially extracted and examined following the ELISA method. After confirming that cortisol was in fact present within human teeth, we began the main experiment. In order to examine any potential gender differences, twenty-one extracted wisdom teeth were collected from subjects (11 male and 10 female) within the age range of 27-29 yrs. \u0000Results: The results showed irrefutable proof of the existence of cortisol within the dentin of the teeth. Observations revealed that gender had no significant impact upon a subject’s dental cortisol levels (p>0.05), suggesting that cortisol in teeth can be used as an unbiased and reliable means of studying stress. Conclusions: This is the first report on extraction and analysis of cortisol levels in hard tissues, such as teeth, leading to the discovery of a novel biomarker that can be used when studying chronic stress. Practical application of this study can be used postmortem to assess cortisol levels in patients suffering from prolonged disorders, including patients having undergone chemotherapy treatments, when hair cortisol analysis proved to be problematic.","PeriodicalId":11670,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"47 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78389091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-20DOI: 10.4172/2161-1017.1000239
L. P, Rovelli F
Several experimental studies have demonstrated the existence of a natural immunobiological resistance cancer growth, which is mediated by both immune and neuroendocrine mechanism. Moreover, further researches have shown that the pineal gland plays a fundamental role in the natural antitumor resistance, by representing the most important anti-cancer organ in the human body. The anticancer property of the pineal gland is due to the production of several anticancer molecules, including the indole hormone melatonin (MLT), which represent the most investigated pineal hormone, other indoles, such as the 5-methoxytryptamine, and beta-carbolines. MLT has been proven to play anticancer activity through several mechanisms, consisting of cytotoxic antiproliferative action and stimulation of the anticancer immunity, by promoting IL-2 production by T helper lymphocytes and IL-12 secretion by dendritic cells. Cancer-progression has appeared to be associated with a progressive decline in MLT nocturnal production. Then, the pineal failure would constitute the main cancer-related endocrine deficiency. Preliminary clinical studies have demonstrated that MLT therapy at mild pharmacological doses may prolong the survival time of metastatic cancer patients, for whom no other effective standard therapy was available, and improve their clinical status. Therefore, a neuroendocrine therapy with MLT and other pineal hormones could constitute a new strategy in cancer treatment, either as a substitutive therapy of cancer-related MLT diminished endogenous production, or to employ its antitumor pharmacological properties.
{"title":"A Review on Cancer Progression - Related Pineal Endocrine Deficiency:Possible Mechanisms and Clinical Implications","authors":"L. P, Rovelli F","doi":"10.4172/2161-1017.1000239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-1017.1000239","url":null,"abstract":"Several experimental studies have demonstrated the existence of a natural immunobiological resistance cancer growth, which is mediated by both immune and neuroendocrine mechanism. Moreover, further researches have shown that the pineal gland plays a fundamental role in the natural antitumor resistance, by representing the most important anti-cancer organ in the human body. The anticancer property of the pineal gland is due to the production of several anticancer molecules, including the indole hormone melatonin (MLT), which represent the most investigated pineal hormone, other indoles, such as the 5-methoxytryptamine, and beta-carbolines. MLT has been proven to play anticancer activity through several mechanisms, consisting of cytotoxic antiproliferative action and stimulation of the anticancer immunity, by promoting IL-2 production by T helper lymphocytes and IL-12 secretion by dendritic cells. Cancer-progression has appeared to be associated with a progressive decline in MLT nocturnal production. Then, the pineal failure would constitute the main cancer-related endocrine deficiency. Preliminary clinical studies have demonstrated that MLT therapy at mild pharmacological doses may prolong the survival time of metastatic cancer patients, for whom no other effective standard therapy was available, and improve their clinical status. Therefore, a neuroendocrine therapy with MLT and other pineal hormones could constitute a new strategy in cancer treatment, either as a substitutive therapy of cancer-related MLT diminished endogenous production, or to employ its antitumor pharmacological properties.","PeriodicalId":11670,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"15 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82676391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-15DOI: 10.4172/2161-1017.1000238
G. Cannataro, D. Mastrodicasa, Cotroneo Ar, M. Caulo
Ultrasound (US) elastography is a new non-invasive technique that uses ultrasounds to provide quantitative information about tissue stiffness. Two kinds of elastography (strain and shear wave elastography) are currently used in clinical practice. Although fine needle aspiration (FNA) is the most important procedure for the management of thyroid nodules, several studies have used US elastography as an adjunctive tool to conventional US, to differentiate malignant from benign nodules. In these studies malignant nodules are often associated with a greater elasticity scoring compared to benign. The conventional US plays an important role in defining which nodules are suitable for the US elastography because calcified and cystic nodules could be responsible for false positive and negative results respectively. On the other hand, follicular carcinoma gross anatomy and cellular pattern may resemble those of benign follicular adenoma. The histologic examination is often necessary to discover capsular or vascular invasion. Moreover, in contemporary literature there is disagreement about the role of US elastography in thyroid nodules with indeterminate or non-diagnostic cytology.
{"title":"Strain Elastosonography of Thyroid Nodules: A New Tool for Malignancy Prediction? Overview of Literature","authors":"G. Cannataro, D. Mastrodicasa, Cotroneo Ar, M. Caulo","doi":"10.4172/2161-1017.1000238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-1017.1000238","url":null,"abstract":"Ultrasound (US) elastography is a new non-invasive technique that uses ultrasounds to provide quantitative information about tissue stiffness. Two kinds of elastography (strain and shear wave elastography) are currently used in clinical practice. Although fine needle aspiration (FNA) is the most important procedure for the management of thyroid nodules, several studies have used US elastography as an adjunctive tool to conventional US, to differentiate malignant from benign nodules. In these studies malignant nodules are often associated with a greater elasticity scoring compared to benign. The conventional US plays an important role in defining which nodules are suitable for the US elastography because calcified and cystic nodules could be responsible for false positive and negative results respectively. On the other hand, follicular carcinoma gross anatomy and cellular pattern may resemble those of benign follicular adenoma. The histologic examination is often necessary to discover capsular or vascular invasion. Moreover, in contemporary literature there is disagreement about the role of US elastography in thyroid nodules with indeterminate or non-diagnostic cytology.","PeriodicalId":11670,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"156 Suppl 1 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90136061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-02DOI: 10.4172/2161-1017.1000237
J. Chiarpenello
Since the endorsed use of pediatric bone software to assess bone mass through DXA in the 1990s, some concepts have been established to arrive at a correct interpretation of bone mineral density in this population. This review describes all elements that should be considered when diagnosing bone mineral density diminished for age. The use of the Z-score instead of the T-score and the history of bone fractures (only fractures of long bones and vertebral crushing are considered clinically relevant) are discussed. The evaluation of BMD (Bone Mineral Density) values by DXA according to pubertal stage, sex, and bone age is clarified. In addition mention is made of diseases which must be ruled out by clinical and biochemical parameters; the latter vary according to age and sex, so that the normal reference value for adults should not be used.
{"title":"Diagnosis of Osteoporosis in Children","authors":"J. Chiarpenello","doi":"10.4172/2161-1017.1000237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-1017.1000237","url":null,"abstract":"Since the endorsed use of pediatric bone software to assess bone mass through DXA in the 1990s, some concepts have been established to arrive at a correct interpretation of bone mineral density in this population. This review describes all elements that should be considered when diagnosing bone mineral density diminished for age. The use of the Z-score instead of the T-score and the history of bone fractures (only fractures of long bones and vertebral crushing are considered clinically relevant) are discussed. The evaluation of BMD (Bone Mineral Density) values by DXA according to pubertal stage, sex, and bone age is clarified. In addition mention is made of diseases which must be ruled out by clinical and biochemical parameters; the latter vary according to age and sex, so that the normal reference value for adults should not be used.","PeriodicalId":11670,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90920372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-27DOI: 10.4172/2161-1017.1000235
W. Hansel
{"title":"Development, Testing and Marketing of the Lytic Peptide Conjugates","authors":"W. Hansel","doi":"10.4172/2161-1017.1000235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-1017.1000235","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11670,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"34 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81021990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-26DOI: 10.4172/2161-1017.1000234
Anagha Sahasrabuddhe
Mild hirsutism and alopecia in postmenopausal women can be a normal physiological response. Sex cord stromal tumors of ovary account for approximately 5-8% of all ovarian tumors. When hirsutism is accompanied by signs of virilization such as severe balding, deepening of voice or clitoromegaly, an underlying androgen-secreting tumor, that may be malignant must be ruled out. We report a rare case of 46 year old female with premature menopause and symptom of hair loss. She had high testosterone levels and left ovary mass. As Cushing syndromes and late onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia were ruled out, an ovarian source of androgen was suspected. She underwent hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. A diagnosis of left ovarian sex-cord stromal tumor favoring Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor was confirmed. We report this case for its rare nature and atypical presentation.
{"title":"A Rare Case of Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor in Postmenopausal Woman Presenting with Alopecia","authors":"Anagha Sahasrabuddhe","doi":"10.4172/2161-1017.1000234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-1017.1000234","url":null,"abstract":"Mild hirsutism and alopecia in postmenopausal women can be a normal physiological response. Sex cord stromal tumors of ovary account for approximately 5-8% of all ovarian tumors. When hirsutism is accompanied by signs of virilization such as severe balding, deepening of voice or clitoromegaly, an underlying androgen-secreting tumor, that may be malignant must be ruled out. We report a rare case of 46 year old female with premature menopause and symptom of hair loss. She had high testosterone levels and left ovary mass. As Cushing syndromes and late onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia were ruled out, an ovarian source of androgen was suspected. She underwent hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. A diagnosis of left ovarian sex-cord stromal tumor favoring Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor was confirmed. We report this case for its rare nature and atypical presentation.","PeriodicalId":11670,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"37 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74677556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-04-29DOI: 10.4172/2161-1017.1000233
SuJin Song, H. Paik, YoonJu Song, Won O Song
Objective: We examined sex differences in the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its diagnostic components among Korean adults. Methods: A total of 17,826 adults (7,061 men, 10,765 women) aged 19+ years with no diagnosed chronic diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, or dyslipidemia were selected from the 2008-2012 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. MetS was classified by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria with the Asia-Pacific specific cut-off for excessive waist circumference. All statistical analyses accounted for the complex sampling design effect and used appropriate sample weights. Results: The overall prevalence of MetS was slightly higher in men (19.0%) than in women (14.8%). The prevalent diagnostic components were elevated triglycerides (33.2%) in men whereas low HDL-cholesterol (44.9%) and excessive waist circumference (31.3%) in women. The prevalence of MetS increased with age only in women. Women < 60 years had a lower prevalence of MetS than men in the same age category but the prevalence in women surpassed that in men after 60 years. There were differences in common combinations of MetS diagnostic components between men and women. Conclusion: The MetS risk differed by sex in Korean adults and was markedly high in older women. Our findings warrant specific preventive strategies and clinical managements for MetS according to sex, especially for middleaged and elderly women.
{"title":"Sex Differences in the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome and its Diagnostic Components in Korean Adults","authors":"SuJin Song, H. Paik, YoonJu Song, Won O Song","doi":"10.4172/2161-1017.1000233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-1017.1000233","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: We examined sex differences in the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its diagnostic components among Korean adults. \u0000Methods: A total of 17,826 adults (7,061 men, 10,765 women) aged 19+ years with no diagnosed chronic diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, or dyslipidemia were selected from the 2008-2012 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. MetS was classified by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria with the Asia-Pacific specific cut-off for excessive waist circumference. All statistical analyses accounted for the complex sampling design effect and used appropriate sample weights. \u0000Results: The overall prevalence of MetS was slightly higher in men (19.0%) than in women (14.8%). The prevalent diagnostic components were elevated triglycerides (33.2%) in men whereas low HDL-cholesterol (44.9%) and excessive waist circumference (31.3%) in women. The prevalence of MetS increased with age only in women. Women < 60 years had a lower prevalence of MetS than men in the same age category but the prevalence in women surpassed that in men after 60 years. There were differences in common combinations of MetS diagnostic components between men and women. \u0000Conclusion: The MetS risk differed by sex in Korean adults and was markedly high in older women. Our findings warrant specific preventive strategies and clinical managements for MetS according to sex, especially for middleaged and elderly women.","PeriodicalId":11670,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"61 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83885934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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