Engineering Failure Analysis最新文献_第7页

Progressive collapse behavior of SMB floors: complete load-displacement response under various edge column loss scenarios SMB楼板的渐进倒塌行为：不同边柱损失情况下的完全荷载-位移响应

IF 5.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Engineering Failure Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2025.110524

Jing-Zhou Zhang, Yuan-Zhi Ji, Ping Tan, Zhi-Wei Yu, Lei Xiao

This study systematically investigates the progressive collapse resistance of floors in steel modular buildings (SMBs) under edge column loss scenarios. Three typical edge column types are considered based on the boundary conditions of the floor after column loss: general edge column (GEC), penultimate edge column (PEC), and corner column (CC). A total of 614 refined finite element models of the SMB floor were developed and analyzed until structural collapse. The effects of key parameters, including slab width, length‑width ratio, thickness, rebar ratio, beam section, and column section, were evaluated. Simplified calculation methods are proposed for the ultimate load-carrying capacity (ULCC), yield load-carrying capacity (YLCC), yield displacement, and ultimate displacement, enabling efficient prediction of the complete load‑displacement curve of the floor in different scenarios. It is found that the load‑displacement curve of SMB floor shows a bilinear behavior in all scenarios, but the post-yield strengthening of the curve is more significant in GEC loss. The ULCC-to-YLCC ratio of the floor varies from 1.3 to 3.0 for GEC loss, from 1.0 to 2.2 for PEC loss, and from 1.2 to 1.8 for CC loss. The ULCC of the floor in GEC and CC loss can be expressed as a function of the slab bending moment, beam tensile force, and beam bending moment. For PEC loss, the floor ULCC relative to that in GEC loss is influenced by the stiffness of columns, slabs, and beams. The ULCC-to-YLCC ratio of the floor in all scenarios can be determined by the slab width, slab length-to‑width ratio, slab span-to‑thickness ratio, slab rebar ratio, and beam span-to‑depth ratio.

本文系统地研究了钢结构模块化建筑在边柱损失情况下楼板的连续抗倒塌能力。根据失柱后楼板的边界条件，考虑了三种典型的边柱类型：一般边柱（GEC）、副边柱（PEC）和角柱（CC）。建立了614个SMB楼板的精细化有限元模型，并对其进行了分析，直至结构坍塌。对板坯宽度、长宽比、厚度、配筋比、梁截面和柱截面等关键参数的影响进行了评价。提出了极限承载能力（ULCC）、屈服承载能力（YLCC）、屈服位移和极限位移的简化计算方法，能够有效预测不同场景下楼板的完整荷载-位移曲线。研究发现，在所有情况下，SMB楼板的荷载-位移曲线均表现为双线性行为，但在GEC损失情况下，曲线屈服后强化更为显著。地板的ulcc / ylcc比值在GEC损失为1.3 ~ 3.0，PEC损失为1.0 ~ 2.2，CC损失为1.2 ~ 1.8。GEC中楼板的ULCC和CC损失可以表示为楼板弯矩、梁受拉力和梁弯矩的函数。对于PEC损失，相对于GEC损失，楼板ULCC受柱、板和梁刚度的影响。各工况下楼板的ulcc / ylcc比值可由楼板宽度、楼板长宽比、楼板跨厚比、楼板配筋比和梁跨深比确定。

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引用次数: 0

Scaling and corrosion analysis of stainless steel heat exchange tubes in Jinsha River hydropower station 金沙江水电站不锈钢换热管结垢及腐蚀分析

IF 5.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Engineering Failure Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2026.110533

Jiangfeng An , Gao Huang , Yang Yao , Ying Hu , Jun Wu

This study analyzed the scaling and corrosion faults of stainless steel heat exchange coils in the evaporative cooler of a hydropower station on the Jinsha River, and conducted a detailed analysis to avoid similar faults from occurring. Multiple characterization methods were employed, including macroscopic morphology analysis, microscopic structure analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, electrochemical testing, and scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis. Water environmental parameters were analyzed to support the characterization results. Research has found that the operation of the cooler leads to the enrichment of solutes in the circulating water, forming a water environment with high concentrations of Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, and Cl^-. The heat accumulation and circulating water adsorption at the clamp plate result in a thick and loose calcite scale layer nearby. Compared to other areas’ scale layers, small volume corrosive ions such as chloride ions are more likely to penetrate through the scale layer near the clamp plate, leading to localized corrosion of the substrate near the clamp plate. At the same time, corrosion in turn affects the scaling process, causing the crystal structure of the scale layer to change from calcite to loose aragonite, forming a dynamic cycle of “scale layer coverage − corrosion under scale − scale layer detachment”, accelerating the corrosion thinning of the pipeline. Based on the results, it is proposed to strictly control the quality of circulating water and improve the structure of heat exchange coils: corrosion and scale inhibitors should be added to the circulating water during operation, and the design of heat exchange tube structures should avoid local accumulation of heat and local adsorption of circulating water.

本研究对金沙江某水电站蒸发冷却器不锈钢换热盘管结垢和腐蚀故障进行了分析，并进行了详细的分析，以避免类似故障的发生。采用宏观形貌分析、微观结构分析、x射线衍射分析、电化学测试、扫描电镜能量色散x射线能谱分析等多种表征方法。分析了水环境参数来支持表征结果。研究发现，冷却器的运行导致循环水中溶质富集，形成了高浓度Ca2+、Mg2+、Cl-的水环境。夹板处的热积累和循环水吸附使其附近形成一层厚而松散的方解石垢层。与其他区域的垢层相比，氯离子等小体积腐蚀性离子更容易穿透钳板附近的垢层，导致钳板附近的基材局部腐蚀。同时，腐蚀又反过来影响结垢过程，使垢层的晶体结构由方解石变为松散文石，形成“垢层覆盖-垢层下腐蚀-垢层剥离”的动态循环，加速了管道的腐蚀变薄。根据研究结果，提出严格控制循环水水质，改进换热盘管结构：循环水运行时应加入缓蚀剂和阻垢剂，换热管结构设计应避免循环水局部积热和局部吸附。

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引用次数: 0

Failure analysis of corrosion-induced degraded aeronautical Al-Cu-Li alloys (AA2198) of different temper and comparison against the baseline aluminium alloy 2024 航空Al-Cu-Li合金（AA2198）不同回火腐蚀失效分析及与基准铝合金2024的比较

IF 5.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Engineering Failure Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2025.110518

Muhammed Y. Salojee , Vinod Kurup , Seyed R.J. Rezaei , Angeliki Proiou , Foteini Tazlakidou , Christina Margarita Charalampidou , Stavros K. Kourkoulis , Roelf J. Mostert , Nikolaos D. Alexopoulos

The paper investigates the resistance to tensile failure and the mechanisms causing failure for three high-strength aeronautical aluminium alloys exposed to the exfoliation corrosion (EXCO) standardized solution. Two of the alloys represent current state-of-the-art third-generation Al-Cu-Li alloys (AA2198-T8 and AA2198-T3), while the other alloy represents alloys used in the past and still in service in older aircraft. Exposure of the three alloys to accelerated atmospheric corrosion conditions, through EXCO exposure, demonstrated that different degradation mechanisms are at play for the three alloys, leading to considerable differences regarding the reduction of structural integrity over time. After long simulated service lives (24 – 48 h exfoliation corrosion immersion), the 2198-T8 alloy is not badly affected as far as tensile ductility is concerned, with only 15 – 23 % of tensile elongation at fracture A_f values lost. In contrast, the older 2024-T3 alloy has lost 69 % after 24 h and the 2198-T3 has lost 54 % after 24 h (70 % after 48 h). Microscopical analysis after the long-term corrosion of the tesnile specimens demonstrate that a correlation does not exists between the loss in ductility and the product of the maximum depth of attack on the large surfaces and side surfaces of the investigated specimens. A good correlation exists if only the square root of the maximum depth of attack on the small surface is correlated with the ductility loss, pointing to a mechanism where sharp notches and stress concentrations on the small surfaces cause localized tri-axial conditions reducing the elongation to fracture. The current investigation furthermore indicates the benefits and drawbacks of selecting the three alloys for applications requiring the retention of structural integrity for long service lives where atmospheric corrosion is the dominant degradation mechanism. Mitigation and inspection strategies based on the identified mechanisms, are discussed. The reasons for the improved performance are explored with regard to resistance to hydrogen absorption and embrittlement and resistance of the surfaces to corrosive attack.

研究了三种高强度航空铝合金在剥落腐蚀（EXCO）标准溶液中的抗拉破坏性能及其破坏机理。其中两种合金代表了目前最先进的第三代铝铜锂合金（AA2198-T8和AA2198-T3），而另一种合金代表了过去使用的合金，仍在旧飞机上服役。将三种合金暴露于加速大气腐蚀条件下，通过EXCO暴露，表明三种合金的降解机制不同，导致结构完整性降低的显著差异。经过长时间的模拟使用寿命（24 - 48小时剥落腐蚀浸泡），2198-T8合金的拉伸延展性没有受到严重影响，断裂Af值的拉伸伸长率仅损失15 - 23%。相比之下，较老的2024-T3合金在24小时后损失了69%，2198-T3合金在24小时后损失了54%（48小时后损失了70%）。对特尼罗试样进行长期腐蚀后的微观分析表明，延性损失与试样大表面和侧表面最大腐蚀深度的乘积之间不存在相关性。如果只有小表面上最大攻击深度的平方根与延性损失相关，则存在良好的相关性，这表明小表面上的尖锐缺口和应力集中导致局部三轴条件降低伸长率至断裂的机制。目前的研究进一步表明，在大气腐蚀是主要降解机制的情况下，选择这三种合金用于需要保持结构完整性以延长使用寿命的应用的优点和缺点。讨论了基于已确定机制的缓解和检查策略。从抗氢吸收、抗脆和表面抗腐蚀等方面探讨了性能提高的原因。

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引用次数: 0

Physical model of electrical contact friction for wear failure analysis and prediction of aerospace slip rings 航空滑环磨损失效分析与预测的电接触摩擦物理模型

IF 5.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Engineering Failure Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2026.110526

Chengshang Si , Deli Zheng , Shilong Sun , Dong Wang , Wenfu Xu

Rotary electrical slip rings provide continuous electrical connection between stationary and rotating ends via sliding contact between brushes and slip rings and are widely used in aerospace and industrial manufacturing. However, during continuous operation, current-carrying friction often leads to severe brush wear, directly affecting the system’s current transmission capability and signal integrity, and may even result in engineering failures. To address this issue, this study proposes a mechanism-based wear model for rotary electrical slip rings that improves on the traditional Archard model. The proposed model incorporates thermal effects and material property variations at the contact interface and further refines the quantification of arc erosion by accounting for contact instability. To validate the model, a dedicated experimental platform was developed to collect wear data under various operating conditions, along with real-time measurements of voltage and temperature at the contact interface. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model accurately predicts brush wear across multiple working conditions, with an average prediction error of 6.65%. Based on the slip ring model developed in this study, sensitivity and correlation analyses were conducted on key variables including load, current, and rotational speed. The results reveal that load exerts the greatest influence on wear rate, and specific combinations of load and current can effectively reduce wear.

旋转电滑环通过电刷和滑环之间的滑动接触在固定端和旋转端之间提供连续的电连接，广泛用于航空航天和工业制造。然而，在连续运行过程中，载流摩擦往往会导致电刷严重磨损，直接影响系统的电流传输能力和信号完整性，甚至可能导致工程故障。为了解决这一问题，本研究在传统Archard模型的基础上提出了一种基于机制的旋转电滑环磨损模型。该模型考虑了接触界面处的热效应和材料性能变化，并通过考虑接触不稳定性进一步细化了电弧侵蚀的量化。为了验证该模型，研究人员开发了一个专门的实验平台，用于收集各种操作条件下的磨损数据，以及接触界面处的电压和温度的实时测量。实验结果表明，该模型能准确预测多种工况下的电刷磨损，平均预测误差为6.65%。基于本研究建立的滑环模型，对载荷、电流、转速等关键变量进行了敏感性和相关性分析。结果表明，载荷对磨损率的影响最大，载荷和电流的特定组合可以有效降低磨损。

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引用次数: 0

Failure analysis of plasma-transferred-arc-welded Ni60 coating system: from coating cracking to interfacial delamination 等离子转移弧焊Ni60涂层系统失效分析：从涂层开裂到界面分层

IF 5.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Engineering Failure Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2026.110530

Jianglong Wang , Haihong Huang , Lunwu Zhao , Zhifeng Liu

Ni60 hard coatings are widely utilized for surface protection and performance enhancement of key components owing to their excellent wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and high-temperature properties. However, Ni60 coatings prepared by plasma transferred arc welding (PTAW) often face the failure risk, such as cracking or delamination, due to their own brittleness. Thus, to better ensure the structural integrity of this coated product, it is essential to systematically investigate the fracture behavior and the failure mechanisms of the Ni60 coating/substrate material system. In this research, three-point bending (TPB) tests were conducted on the PTA-welded Ni60 coatings. Informed by the experimental data, a 3D finite element (FE) model was developed to simulate the complete fracture process for the coating system using a coupling approach that integrated the extended finite element method (XFEM) and the cohesive zone model (CZM). The simulation results demonstrated that the fracture behavior could be categorized into three typical stages. The first stage involved longitudinal brittle fracture of the coating, characterized by high-speed crack propagation. The second stage was a transition period, where significant shear strain mismatches at the metallurgical bonding interface drove the shift from coating fracture to interfacial crack initiation. The third stage was marked by the interfacial cracking and delamination. During this period, the crack growth rate decreased gradually, and the dominant stress responsible for interfacial cracking remained the tangential stress of mode-II cracks. The findings of this study provided a valuable theoretical basis for the failure prediction and structure optimization of Ni60 coated products.

Ni60硬质涂层由于其优异的耐磨性、耐腐蚀性和高温性能，被广泛用于关键部件的表面保护和性能增强。然而，通过等离子转移弧焊（PTAW）制备的Ni60涂层由于其自身的脆性，往往面临破裂或分层等失效风险。因此，为了更好地保证涂层产品的结构完整性，有必要系统地研究Ni60涂层/基体材料体系的断裂行为和破坏机制。在本研究中，对pta焊接Ni60涂层进行了三点弯曲（TPB）试验。根据实验数据，采用扩展有限元法（XFEM）和黏合区模型（CZM）相结合的耦合方法，建立了三维有限元（FE）模型，模拟了涂层系统的完整断裂过程。模拟结果表明，裂缝行为可分为三个典型阶段。第一阶段为涂层纵向脆性断裂，以高速裂纹扩展为特征；第二阶段为过渡阶段，在金相结合界面处出现明显的剪切应变失配，促使涂层断裂向界面裂纹萌生转变。第三阶段以界面开裂和分层为标志。在此期间，裂纹扩展速率逐渐减小，导致界面开裂的主要应力仍然是ii型裂纹的切向应力。研究结果为Ni60涂层产品的失效预测和结构优化提供了有价值的理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Investigation of cavitation-induced failure mechanisms in charging flow control valves for nuclear power plants 核电站装药流量控制阀空化失效机理研究

IF 5.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Engineering Failure Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2026.110529

Bo Liu , Minyi Wang , Shusheng Guo , Chuyue Zhang , Jiangang Zhao , Ning Qin , Gongming Xin

Cavitation-induced erosion in Charging Flow Control Valves (CFCVs) poses a significant threat to the reliability and safety of nuclear power plants. Understanding the mechanisms of cavitation-induced failure in these valves is critical for enhancing their performance and lifespan in such high-stakes environments. This study aims to address this problem by developing and validating a numerical model that simulates the flow and cavitation behaviors within CFCVs. The model incorporates a coupled turbulence and cavitation model to capture the multiphase flow dynamics under varying outlet pressures and valve openings. Model validation was carried out by comparing the numerical results with experimental flow coefficient data, demonstrating good agreement. The findings reveal that cavitation severity increases with lower outlet pressures and smaller valve openings, leading to high wall shear stress and localized vapor formation, primarily near the valve plug sealing surfaces and cage outlet ports-regions that closely match the failure sites observed during valve operation. In addition, targeted mitigation strategies are proposed and partially verified through operational trials to enhance the cavitation resistance of CFCVs. These findings offer actionable insights for optimizing valve operation and preventing cavitation-induced damage, ultimately contributing to the long-term operational safety of nuclear power plants.

充装流量控制阀的气蚀现象严重威胁着核电站的可靠性和安全性。在这种高风险的环境中，了解这些阀门的空化失效机制对于提高其性能和使用寿命至关重要。本研究旨在通过开发和验证模拟cfcv内流动和空化行为的数值模型来解决这一问题。该模型结合了湍流和空化耦合模型，以捕捉不同出口压力和阀门开度下的多相流动动力学。将数值计算结果与实验流量系数数据进行对比，验证了模型的正确性。研究结果表明，随着出口压力的降低和阀门开度的减小，气蚀严重程度增加，导致高壁剪切应力和局部蒸汽形成，主要发生在阀门塞密封面和保持架出口端口附近，这些区域与阀门运行过程中观察到的故障位置密切相关。此外，提出了有针对性的缓解策略，并通过运行试验进行了部分验证，以增强cfcv的抗空化能力。这些发现为优化阀门操作和防止气蚀引起的损害提供了可行的见解，最终有助于核电厂的长期运行安全。

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引用次数: 0

Study on the influence of gasket thickness and diameter on mechanical and fatigue performance of gasket-assisted self-piercing riveting joints with thinner steel sheet 衬垫厚度和直径对薄钢板衬垫辅助自穿孔铆接力学和疲劳性能影响的研究

IF 5.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Engineering Failure Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2026.110527

Guang Liu , Guochun Wang , Chao Wang , Youping Sun , Wangzhen Li , Chengbo Gu

For 0.8 mm thick steel sheets, conventional self-piercing riveting (C-SPR) joints are prone to failure on the weaker side of the steel sheet. The gasket-assisted self-piercing riveting (GA-SPR) process is proposed to enhance the fatigue life and mechanical performance of SPR joints composed of thin steel sheet. This study utilizes quasi-static shear, fatigue tests, and microscopic analysis to study the impact of gasket diameter and thickness on the mechanical performance, failure modes, failure mechanisms, and fatigue life. Fatigue life is predicted based on the Weibull distribution. The results indicate that GA-SPR joints exhibit a greater undercut compared to the C-SPR joint(without gasket), with an average increase of 16.4 %. As the gasket thickness increases, the undercut value decreases. The peak force and energy absorption of the G06-25 joint improved by 30.71 % and 97.04 %, respectively, compared to the C-SPR joint. The peak force and energy absorption of GA-SPR joints decrease with increasing gasket thickness, but increase with larger gasket diameter. At the same load level, GA-SPR joints show a significant advantage in fatigue performance over C-SPR joints. The load amplitudes with fatigue life of 10⁵ and 10⁶ cycles increase by 30.8 % and 25.2 %, respectively.

对于0.8 mm厚的钢板，传统的自穿孔铆接（C-SPR）接头容易在钢板较弱的一侧失效。为了提高薄钢板自穿铆接接头的疲劳寿命和力学性能，提出了衬垫辅助自穿铆接工艺。本研究采用准静态剪切、疲劳试验和微观分析等方法，研究了衬垫直径和厚度对其力学性能、失效模式、失效机理和疲劳寿命的影响。基于威布尔分布对疲劳寿命进行了预测。结果表明：与未加垫片的C-SPR接头相比，GA-SPR接头具有更大的侧切，平均增加16.4%；随着垫片厚度的增加，侧切值减小。G06-25接头的峰值力和吸能分别比C-SPR接头提高30.71%和97.04%。GA-SPR接头的峰值力和吸能随垫片厚度的增加而减小，随垫片直径的增大而增大。在相同荷载水平下，GA-SPR接头的疲劳性能明显优于C-SPR接头。105次和106次的疲劳寿命载荷幅值分别提高了30.8%和25.2%。

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引用次数: 0

Durability assessment of UHPC with varying steel fiber contents under sulfuric acid Attack: Macro-Micro characterization 不同钢纤维含量的UHPC在硫酸侵蚀下的耐久性评价：宏观-微观表征

IF 5.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Engineering Failure Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2025.110523

Jie Xiao , Jiajie Liu , Ruiqian Liang , Lingfei Liu , Jiahui Feng , Zhaoxiang He , Xiyuan Chen , Haibo Jiang

This study investigates the degradation mechanisms and mechanical performance evolution of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) exposed to sulfuric acid environments (pH≈0.9) through accelerated immersion tests. The influence of steel fiber content (0 %, 1 %, and 2 %) on UHPC’s deterioration behavior was systematically evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Experimental results revealed a characteristic mass variation pattern: initial mass gain followed by gradual loss, with higher fiber content specimens exhibiting lower mass change rates due to enhanced corrosion layer spalling. The corrosion depth increased with exposure duration but showed significant retardation after 60 days, demonstrating steel fibers’ effectiveness in reducing penetration. Mechanical characterization indicated progressive deterioration of compressive strength, elastic modulus, flexural strength, and axial tensile strength, with rapid initial degradation followed by stabilization. Steel fiber incorporation significantly improved corrosion resistance coefficients, confirming their beneficial role in acid exposure conditions. The susceptibility of mechanical properties to sulfuric acid attack followed the order: tensile strength > flexural strength > compressive strength. Microstructural analyses identified gypsum as the predominant corrosion product, whose accumulation in matrix pores generated detrimental internal stresses. XRD patterns demonstrated decreasing gypsum peak intensities with sampling depth, while steel fibers effectively inhibited corrosion product formation. The strong correlation between microstructural observations and macroscopic performance degradation provides fundamental insights for durability assessment of UHPC in aggressive sulfuric acid environments.

通过加速浸渍试验研究了硫酸（pH≈0.9）环境下超高性能混凝土（UHPC）的降解机理和力学性能演变。采用x射线衍射仪（XRD）和扫描电镜（SEM）系统评价了钢纤维含量（0%、1%和2%）对UHPC劣化行为的影响。实验结果显示了一种典型的质量变化模式：初始质量增加，然后逐渐减少，纤维含量高的样品由于腐蚀层剥落增强，质量变化率较低。腐蚀深度随着暴露时间的延长而增加，但在60天后表现出明显的延迟，表明钢纤维在减少渗透方面的有效性。力学表征表明，抗压强度、弹性模量、抗弯强度和轴向抗拉强度逐渐恶化，先是快速退化，然后趋于稳定。钢纤维的掺入显著提高了抗腐蚀系数，证实了钢纤维在酸暴露条件下的有益作用。力学性能对硫酸侵蚀的敏感性顺序为：抗拉强度>；弯曲强度>；抗压强度。显微结构分析表明，石膏是主要的腐蚀产物，其在基体孔隙中的积累产生了有害的内应力。XRD谱图显示，随着取样深度的增加，石膏峰强度降低，而钢纤维有效地抑制了腐蚀产物的形成。微观结构观察与宏观性能退化之间的强相关性为UHPC在腐蚀性硫酸环境中的耐久性评估提供了基础见解。

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引用次数: 0

Dynamic interaction mechanism of deposit slope-tunnel system during heavy rainfall: insights from large-scale model experiments 暴雨过程中沉积物斜坡-隧道系统的动力相互作用机制：来自大尺度模型试验的见解

IF 5.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Engineering Failure Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2026.110528

Peiyu Deng , Yongjie Zhang , Xuefeng Ou , Zongbao Yang , Tao Hu

The stability of deposit slope at tunnel portal declines rapidly under heavy rainfall, posing a serious threat to the tunnel safety. A large-scale rainfall simulation apparatus was carried out to investigate the behaviors of the deposit slope–tunnel system during heavy rainfall. Based on the similar theory, the moisture content variation characteristics, surface displacement, and the earth pressure and strain around tunnel were monitored and analyzed. The test results indicate that the deposit slope is highly sensitive to rainfall. After 60 min, parts of the slope approached saturation, with the moisture content reaching 24.5%. Furthermore, the presence of the tunnel significantly alters the seepage pathways within the slope, partially disrupting the hydraulic and mechanical continuity between the upper and lower sections. This leads to an increase in moisture content in the upper slope, which not only elevates the risk of landslides but also intensifies the interaction of the slope-tunnel system. The stress distribution within the slope–tunnel system exhibited strong compressive characteristics, with abrupt changes in stress and strain at the rock–soil interface. The maximum increase around tunnel near the interface reached 93.9% for stress and 149.2% for strain. These results clarified the interaction mechanisms of the slope–tunnel system under rainfall infiltration, offers valuable insights for mitigating similar hazards in engineering.

隧道洞口堆积体边坡在强降雨条件下稳定性急剧下降，对隧道安全造成严重威胁。利用大型降雨模拟装置，研究了强降雨条件下堆积体边坡-隧道系统的变化规律。基于相似理论，对隧道周边含水率变化特征、地表位移和土压力应变进行了监测和分析。试验结果表明，沉积物坡面对降雨高度敏感。60 min后，部分边坡接近饱和，含水率达到24.5%。此外，隧道的存在显著改变了边坡内部的渗流路径，部分破坏了上、下两段之间的水力和力学连续性。这导致了上坡含水率的增加，不仅增加了滑坡的风险，而且加剧了边坡-隧道系统的相互作用。边坡-隧道系统内部应力分布表现出强烈的压缩特征，在岩土界面处应力应变发生突变。隧道附近界面处应力和应变最大增幅分别为93.9%和149.2%。这些结果阐明了降雨入渗作用下边坡-隧道系统的相互作用机制，为减轻工程中类似灾害提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Relative rotation failure analysis of prestressed multilayer cylinder considering vibration and aging effect 考虑振动和老化效应的预应力多层筒体相对旋转失效分析

IF 5.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Engineering Failure Analysis

Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2025.110520

Jian Zhao, Qiang Wan, Chaoyang Xie

Widely used in complex equipment, prestressed multilayer cylindrical structures with the silicone foam cushion are prone to the interlayer relative rotation failure under vibration and aging conditions. Finite element (FE) simulations were performed to analyze influence factors (prestressed offset, vibration frequencies in X and Y axial directions, phase difference of vibrations, amplitude and aging degradation), involving modal analyses and relative rotation angle calculations under the vibration. Results show that the relative rotation is most significant at the 4th natural frequency of the structure, with the frequency ratio between X to Y directions 1 and 90° phase difference. Additionally, the rotation angle increases monotonically with vibration amplitude. Aging effect of the silicone foam cushion was characterized by shear modulus and simulations indicated that the natural frequencies increase as the aging time extends. For a constant prestressed offset, the maximum relative rotation angle decreases with increasing aging time. To identify the key features and improve the prediction accuracy, a random forest model was used to analyze the feature importance, and the Gaussian Process Regression model was trained and tested. The combination of FE simulation, feature importance analysis and machine learning model development in this work provide effective methods for the interlayer relative rotation failure evaluation of the prestressed multilayer cylinder in engineering.

硅酮泡沫垫层预应力多层圆柱结构广泛应用于复杂设备中，在振动和老化条件下容易发生层间相对旋转破坏。通过有限元仿真分析影响因素（预应力偏移、X轴和Y轴振动频率、振动相位差、振幅和老化退化），包括模态分析和振动作用下的相对转角计算。结果表明，相对旋转在结构的第4固有频率处最为显著，X与Y方向的频率比为1，相位差为90°。旋转角度随振动幅值单调增大。用剪切模量表征了硅胶泡沫垫的老化效应，仿真结果表明，随着老化时间的延长，硅胶泡沫垫的固有频率增加。当预应力偏置一定时，最大相对转角随时效时间的增加而减小。为了识别关键特征，提高预测精度，采用随机森林模型对特征重要性进行分析，并对高斯过程回归模型进行训练和测试。本文将有限元仿真、特征重要性分析和机器学习模型开发相结合，为工程中预应力多层筒体层间相对旋转失效评估提供了有效的方法。

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