首页 > 最新文献

Epidemiology and Infection最新文献

英文 中文
A large cryptosporidiosis outbreak associated with an animal contact event in England: a retrospective cohort study, 2023. 英格兰与动物接触事件相关的大规模隐孢子虫病爆发;一项回顾性队列研究,2023 年。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-05-27 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824000591
Lewis Peake, Megan Bardsley, Samantha Bartram, Shireen Bharuchi, Josh Howkins, Guy Robinson, André Charlett, Rachel Chalmers, Sarah Bird, Nick Young

Development of gastrointestinal illness after animal contact at petting farms is well described, as are factors such as handwashing and facility design that may modify transmission risk. However, further field evidence on other behaviours and interventions in the context of Cryptosporidium outbreaks linked to animal contact events is needed. Here, we describe a large outbreak of Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum) associated with a multi-day lamb petting event in the south-west of England in 2023 and present findings from a cohort study undertaken to investigate factors associated with illness. Detailed exposure questionnaires were distributed to email addresses of 647 single or multiple ticket bookings, and 157 complete responses were received. The outbreak investigation identified 23 laboratory-confirmed primary C. parvum cases. Separately, the cohort study identified 83 cases of cryptosporidiosis-like illness. Associations between illness and entering a lamb petting pen (compared to observing from outside the pen; odds ratio (OR) = 2.28, 95 per cent confidence interval (95% CI) 1.17 to 4.53) and self-reported awareness of diarrhoeal and vomiting disease transmission risk on farm sites at the time of visit (OR = 0.40, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.84) were observed. In a multivariable model adjusted for household clustering, awareness of disease transmission risk remained a significant protective factor (adjusted OR (aOR) = 0.07, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.78). The study demonstrates the likely under-ascertainment of cryptosporidiosis through laboratory surveillance and provides evidence of the impact that public health messaging could have.

宠物饲养场的动物接触后引发肠胃疾病的情况已经有了很好的描述,洗手和设施设计等因素也可能会改变传播风险。然而,在与动物接触事件相关的隐孢子虫疫情爆发中,还需要进一步的实地证据来证明其他行为和干预措施。在此,我们描述了 2023 年在英格兰西南部发生的一起与多日羔羊抚摸活动相关的大规模副猪隐孢子虫(C. parvum)疫情,并介绍了一项队列研究的结果,该研究旨在调查与疾病相关的因素。我们向 647 位单票或多票预订者的电子邮件地址发放了详细的接触调查问卷,收到了 157 份完整的答复。疫情调查发现了 23 例经实验室确诊的原发性副猪嗜血杆菌病例。另外,队列研究还发现了 83 例类似隐孢子虫病的病例。研究发现,发病与进入羔羊抚摸栏(与在栏外观察相比;几率比 (OR) = 2.28,95% 置信区间 (95% CI) 1.17 至 4.53)和访问时对农场内腹泻和呕吐疾病传播风险的自我报告意识(OR = 0.40,95% CI 0.19 至 0.84)有关。在根据家庭聚类调整的多变量模型中,对疾病传播风险的认识仍然是一个重要的保护因素(调整后 OR (aOR) = 0.07,95% CI 0.01 至 0.78)。该研究表明,通过实验室监测对隐孢子虫病的确定性可能不足,并提供了公共卫生信息可能产生影响的证据。
{"title":"A large cryptosporidiosis outbreak associated with an animal contact event in England: a retrospective cohort study, 2023.","authors":"Lewis Peake, Megan Bardsley, Samantha Bartram, Shireen Bharuchi, Josh Howkins, Guy Robinson, André Charlett, Rachel Chalmers, Sarah Bird, Nick Young","doi":"10.1017/S0950268824000591","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268824000591","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Development of gastrointestinal illness after animal contact at petting farms is well described, as are factors such as handwashing and facility design that may modify transmission risk. However, further field evidence on other behaviours and interventions in the context of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> outbreaks linked to animal contact events is needed. Here, we describe a large outbreak of <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i> (<i>C. parvum</i>) associated with a multi-day lamb petting event in the south-west of England in 2023 and present findings from a cohort study undertaken to investigate factors associated with illness. Detailed exposure questionnaires were distributed to email addresses of 647 single or multiple ticket bookings, and 157 complete responses were received. The outbreak investigation identified 23 laboratory-confirmed primary <i>C. parvum</i> cases. Separately, the cohort study identified 83 cases of cryptosporidiosis-like illness. Associations between illness and entering a lamb petting pen (compared to observing from outside the pen; odds ratio (OR) = 2.28, 95 per cent confidence interval (95% CI) 1.17 to 4.53) and self-reported awareness of diarrhoeal and vomiting disease transmission risk on farm sites at the time of visit (OR = 0.40, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.84) were observed. In a multivariable model adjusted for household clustering, awareness of disease transmission risk remained a significant protective factor (adjusted OR (aOR) = 0.07, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.78). The study demonstrates the likely under-ascertainment of cryptosporidiosis through laboratory surveillance and provides evidence of the impact that public health messaging could have.</p>","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141154326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Barriers to vaccine acceptance in the adult population of mainland Finland, 2021 - ERRATUM. 2021 年芬兰本土成年人接受疫苗的障碍 - ERRATUM。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824000621
Mervi Lasander, Kimmo Elo, Katja Joronen, Timothée Dub
{"title":"Barriers to vaccine acceptance in the adult population of mainland Finland, 2021 - ERRATUM.","authors":"Mervi Lasander, Kimmo Elo, Katja Joronen, Timothée Dub","doi":"10.1017/S0950268824000621","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268824000621","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11131001/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141080689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Household transmission of human metapneumovirus and seasonal coronavirus. 人类偏肺病毒和季节性冠状病毒的家庭传播。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824000517
Cristalyne Bell, Cecilia He, Derek Norton, Maureen Goss, Guanhua Chen, Jonathan Temte

We analyzed data from a community-based acute respiratory illness study involving K-12 students and their families in southcentral Wisconsin and assessed household transmission of two common seasonal respiratory viruses - human metapneumovirus (HMPV) and human coronaviruses OC43 and HKU1 (HCOV). We found secondary infection rates of 12.2% (95% CI: 8.1%-17.4%) and 19.2% (95% CI: 13.8%-25.7%) for HMPV and HCOV, respectively. We performed individual- and family-level regression models and found that HMPV transmission was positively associated age of the index case (individual model: p = .016; family model: p = .004) and HCOV transmission was positively associated with household density (family model: p = .048). We also found that the age of the non-index case was negatively associated with transmission of both HMPV (individual model: p = .049) and HCOV (individual model: p = .041), but we attributed this to selection bias from the original study design. Understanding household transmission of common respiratory viruses like HMPV and HCOV may help to broaden our understanding of the overall disease burden and establish methods to prevent the spread of disease from low- to high-risk populations.

我们分析了威斯康星州中南部一项基于社区的急性呼吸道疾病研究的数据,该研究涉及 K-12 学生及其家庭,评估了两种常见季节性呼吸道病毒--人类偏肺病毒 (HMPV) 和人类冠状病毒 OC43 和 HKU1 (HCOV)--的家庭传播情况。我们发现,HMPV 和 HCOV 的二次感染率分别为 12.2%(95% CI:8.1%-17.4%)和 19.2%(95% CI:13.8%-25.7%)。我们建立了个人和家庭水平的回归模型,发现 HMPV 传播与指数病例的年龄呈正相关(个人模型:p = .016;家庭模型:p = .004),HCOV 传播与家庭密度呈正相关(家庭模型:p = .048)。我们还发现,非指数病例的年龄与 HMPV(个人模型:p = .049)和 HCOV(个人模型:p = .041)的传播呈负相关,但我们将其归因于原始研究设计中的选择偏差。了解常见呼吸道病毒(如 HMPV 和 HCOV)的家庭传播可能有助于拓宽我们对总体疾病负担的了解,并建立防止疾病从低风险人群向高风险人群传播的方法。
{"title":"Household transmission of human metapneumovirus and seasonal coronavirus.","authors":"Cristalyne Bell, Cecilia He, Derek Norton, Maureen Goss, Guanhua Chen, Jonathan Temte","doi":"10.1017/S0950268824000517","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268824000517","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We analyzed data from a community-based acute respiratory illness study involving K-12 students and their families in southcentral Wisconsin and assessed household transmission of two common seasonal respiratory viruses - human metapneumovirus (HMPV) and human coronaviruses OC43 and HKU1 (HCOV). We found secondary infection rates of 12.2% (95% CI: 8.1%-17.4%) and 19.2% (95% CI: 13.8%-25.7%) for HMPV and HCOV, respectively. We performed individual- and family-level regression models and found that HMPV transmission was positively associated age of the index case (individual model: <i>p</i> = .016; family model: <i>p</i> = .004) and HCOV transmission was positively associated with household density (family model: <i>p</i> = .048). We also found that the age of the non-index case was negatively associated with transmission of both HMPV (individual model: <i>p</i> = .049) and HCOV (individual model: <i>p</i> = .041), but we attributed this to selection bias from the original study design. Understanding household transmission of common respiratory viruses like HMPV and HCOV may help to broaden our understanding of the overall disease burden and establish methods to prevent the spread of disease from low- to high-risk populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141070685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
National epidemiology of culture-confirmed brucellosis in Israel, 2004-2022. 2004-2022 年以色列经培养确诊的布鲁氏菌病的全国流行病学。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824000803
Miriam Weinberger, Jacob Moran-Gilad, Michal Perry Markovich, Svetlana Bardenstein

Brucellosis, a global zoonosis, is endemic in Israel. We used a national database of culture-confirmed cases (2004-2022) to analyse the trends of brucellosis. Of 2,489 unique cases, 99.8% were bacteraemic, 64% involved males, and the mean age was 30.5 years. Brucella melitensis was the dominant species (99.6%). Most cases occurred among the Arab sector (84.9%) followed by the Jewish (8.5%) and Druze (5.5%) sectors. The average annual incidence rates overall and for the Arab, Druze, and Jewish sectors were 1.6/100,000, 6.6/100,000, 5.5/100,000, and 0.18/100,000, respectively. The annual incidence rates among the Arab (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 36.4) and the Druze (IRR = 29.6) sectors were significantly higher than among the Jewish sector (p < 0.001). The highest incidence rates among the Arab sector occurred in the South District, peaking at 41.0/100,000 in 2012. The frequencies of B. melitensis isolated biotypes (biotype 1 - 69.1%, biotype 2 - 26.0%, and biotype 3 - 4.3%) differed from most Middle Eastern and European countries. A significant switch between the dominant biotypes was noted in the second half of the study period. Efforts for control and prevention should be sustained and guided by a One Health approach mindful of the differential trends and changing epidemiology.

布鲁氏菌病是一种全球性人畜共患病,在以色列呈地方性流行。我们利用全国培养确诊病例数据库(2004-2022 年)分析了布鲁氏菌病的流行趋势。在2489个独特病例中,99.8%为菌血症,64%为男性,平均年龄为30.5岁。布鲁氏菌是主要菌种(99.6%)。大多数病例发生在阿拉伯人中(84.9%),其次是犹太人(8.5%)和德鲁兹人(5.5%)。阿拉伯人、德鲁兹教徒和犹太人的总体年平均发病率分别为 1.6/100,000、6.6/100,000、5.5/100,000 和 0.18/100,000。阿拉伯人(发病率比 (IRR) = 36.4)和德鲁兹人(发病率比 = 29.6)的年发病率明显高于犹太人。在研究的后半期,主要生物型之间出现了明显的转换。应持续开展控制和预防工作,并以 "一体健康 "方法为指导,注意不同的趋势和不断变化的流行病学。
{"title":"National epidemiology of culture-confirmed brucellosis in Israel, 2004-2022.","authors":"Miriam Weinberger, Jacob Moran-Gilad, Michal Perry Markovich, Svetlana Bardenstein","doi":"10.1017/S0950268824000803","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268824000803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brucellosis, a global zoonosis, is endemic in Israel. We used a national database of culture-confirmed cases (2004-2022) to analyse the trends of brucellosis. Of 2,489 unique cases, 99.8% were bacteraemic, 64% involved males, and the mean age was 30.5 years. <i>Brucella melitensis</i> was the dominant species (99.6%). Most cases occurred among the Arab sector (84.9%) followed by the Jewish (8.5%) and Druze (5.5%) sectors. The average annual incidence rates overall and for the Arab, Druze, and Jewish sectors were 1.6/100,000, 6.6/100,000, 5.5/100,000, and 0.18/100,000, respectively. The annual incidence rates among the Arab (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 36.4) and the Druze (IRR = 29.6) sectors were significantly higher than among the Jewish sector (p < 0.001). The highest incidence rates among the Arab sector occurred in the South District, peaking at 41.0/100,000 in 2012. The frequencies of <i>B. melitensis</i> isolated biotypes (biotype 1 - 69.1%, biotype 2 - 26.0%, and biotype 3 - 4.3%) differed from most Middle Eastern and European countries. A significant switch between the dominant biotypes was noted in the second half of the study period. Efforts for control and prevention should be sustained and guided by a One Health approach mindful of the differential trends and changing epidemiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11384160/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141070688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Farm animal exposure setting impacts hemolytic uremic syndrome risk among Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli cases: Minnesota, 2010-2019. 农场动物暴露环境对感染产志贺毒素大肠杆菌病例中溶血性尿毒症风险的影响--明尼苏达州,2010-2019年。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824000773
Madhura S Vachon, Joshua Rounds, Kirk Smith, Carlota Medus, Craig W Hedberg, Carrie Klumb, Gillian A M Tarr

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) transmission occurs in ruminant contact settings and can lead to post-diarrheal hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). We investigated whether exposure setting (ruminant exposure from living or working on a farm, visiting a farm or animal contact venue, or both) influenced HUS development among individuals with laboratory-confirmed STEC infections using Minnesota surveillance data from 2010 to 2019. Logistic regression was performed to determine whether exposure setting was associated with HUS independent of age, gender, stx2 gene detection, and county ruminants per capita. Among confirmed STEC cases, ruminant exposure only from living or working on a farm was not significantly associated with HUS compared to cases without any ruminant exposure (OR: 1.25; 95% CI: 0.51, 3.04). However, ruminant exposure only from visiting a farm or public animal contact venue was associated with HUS (OR: 2.53; 95% CI: 1.50, 4.24). Exposure from both settings was also associated with HUS (OR: 3.71; 95% CI: 1.39, 9.90). Exposure to ruminants when visiting farms or animal contact venues is an important predictor of HUS, even among people who live or work on farms with ruminants. All people, regardless of routine ruminant exposure, should take care in settings with ruminants to avoid infection with STEC.

产志贺毒素大肠杆菌(STEC)的传播发生在反刍动物接触环境中,可导致腹泻后溶血性尿毒症(HUS)。我们利用明尼苏达州 2010 年至 2019 年的监测数据,调查了接触环境(在农场生活或工作时接触反刍动物、参观农场或动物接触场所或两者兼而有之)是否会影响实验室确诊 STEC 感染者的 HUS 发病。我们进行了逻辑回归,以确定暴露环境是否与 HUS 无关,而与年龄、性别、stx2 基因检测和县人均反刍动物数量无关。在确诊的 STEC 病例中,与未接触反刍动物的病例相比,仅在农场生活或工作时接触反刍动物与 HUS 并无显著相关性(OR:1.25;95% CI:0.51,3.04)。然而,仅在农场或公共动物接触场所接触反刍动物则与 HUS 相关(OR:2.53;95% CI:1.50-4.24)。在这两种情况下接触反刍动物也与 HUS 相关(OR:3.71;95% CI:1.39,9.90)。即使是在有反刍动物的农场生活或工作的人,在参观农场或动物接触场所时接触反刍动物也是预测 HUS 的一个重要因素。所有人,无论是否经常接触反刍动物,在有反刍动物的环境中都应注意避免感染 STEC。
{"title":"Farm animal exposure setting impacts hemolytic uremic syndrome risk among Shiga toxin-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> cases: Minnesota, 2010-2019.","authors":"Madhura S Vachon, Joshua Rounds, Kirk Smith, Carlota Medus, Craig W Hedberg, Carrie Klumb, Gillian A M Tarr","doi":"10.1017/S0950268824000773","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268824000773","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Shiga toxin-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> (STEC) transmission occurs in ruminant contact settings and can lead to post-diarrheal hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). We investigated whether exposure setting (ruminant exposure from living or working on a farm, visiting a farm or animal contact venue, or both) influenced HUS development among individuals with laboratory-confirmed STEC infections using Minnesota surveillance data from 2010 to 2019. Logistic regression was performed to determine whether exposure setting was associated with HUS independent of age, gender, <i>stx2</i> gene detection, and county ruminants per capita. Among confirmed STEC cases, ruminant exposure only from living or working on a farm was not significantly associated with HUS compared to cases without any ruminant exposure (OR: 1.25; 95% CI: 0.51, 3.04). However, ruminant exposure only from visiting a farm or public animal contact venue was associated with HUS (OR: 2.53; 95% CI: 1.50, 4.24). Exposure from both settings was also associated with HUS (OR: 3.71; 95% CI: 1.39, 9.90). Exposure to ruminants when visiting farms or animal contact venues is an important predictor of HUS, even among people who live or work on farms with ruminants. All people, regardless of routine ruminant exposure, should take care in settings with ruminants to avoid infection with STEC.</p>","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140944533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Investigating the cause of a 2021 winter wave of COVID-19 in a border region in eastern Germany: a mixed-methods study, August to November 2021. 调查 2021 年德国东部边境地区 COVID-19 冬季流行的原因:一项混合方法研究,2021 年 8 月至 11 月。
IF 4.2 4区 医学 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824000761
Buqing Yi, Eva Patrasová, Lenka Šimůnková, Fabian Rost, Sylke Winkler, Alexa Laubner, Susanne Reinhardt, Andreas Dahl, Alexander H Dalpke

It is so far unclear how the COVID-19 winter waves started and what should be done to prevent possible future waves. In this study, we deciphered the dynamic course of a winter wave in 2021 in Saxony, a state in Eastern Germany neighbouring the Czech Republic and Poland. The study was carried out through the integration of multiple virus genomic epidemiology approaches to track transmission chains, identify emerging variants and investigate dynamic changes in transmission clusters. For identified local variants of interest, functional evaluations were performed. Multiple long-lasting community transmission clusters have been identified acting as driving force for the winter wave 2021. Analysis of the dynamic courses of two representative clusters indicated a similar transmission pattern. However, the transmission cluster caused by a locally occurring new Delta variant AY.36.1 showed a distinct transmission pattern, and functional analyses revealed a replication advantage of it. This study indicated that long-lasting community transmission clusters starting since early autumn caused by imported or locally occurring variants all contributed to the development of the 2021 winter wave. The information we achieved might help future pandemic prevention.

迄今为止,我们还不清楚 COVID-19 冬季波是如何开始的,也不清楚应该采取什么措施来预防未来可能出现的冬季波。在这项研究中,我们破译了 2021 年萨克森州冬季疫潮的动态过程,萨克森州位于德国东部,毗邻捷克共和国和波兰。这项研究通过整合多种病毒基因组流行病学方法来追踪传播链、识别新出现的变种并调查传播集群的动态变化。对于已确定的本地相关变异株,还进行了功能评估。已确定多个长期存在的社区传播集群是 2021 年冬季浪潮的驱动力。对两个代表性集群的动态过程分析表明,其传播模式相似。然而,由当地出现的新三角洲变体 AY.36.1 引起的传播集群显示出独特的传播模式,功能分析显示其具有复制优势。这项研究表明,由外来变异体或本地变异体引起的从初秋开始的持续时间较长的群落传播集群对 2021 年冬季疫潮的发展起到了推波助澜的作用。我们获得的信息可能有助于未来的流行病预防。
{"title":"Investigating the cause of a 2021 winter wave of COVID-19 in a border region in eastern Germany: a mixed-methods study, August to November 2021.","authors":"Buqing Yi, Eva Patrasová, Lenka Šimůnková, Fabian Rost, Sylke Winkler, Alexa Laubner, Susanne Reinhardt, Andreas Dahl, Alexander H Dalpke","doi":"10.1017/S0950268824000761","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268824000761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is so far unclear how the COVID-19 winter waves started and what should be done to prevent possible future waves. In this study, we deciphered the dynamic course of a winter wave in 2021 in Saxony, a state in Eastern Germany neighbouring the Czech Republic and Poland. The study was carried out through the integration of multiple virus genomic epidemiology approaches to track transmission chains, identify emerging variants and investigate dynamic changes in transmission clusters. For identified local variants of interest, functional evaluations were performed. Multiple long-lasting community transmission clusters have been identified acting as driving force for the winter wave 2021. Analysis of the dynamic courses of two representative clusters indicated a similar transmission pattern. However, the transmission cluster caused by a locally occurring new Delta variant AY.36.1 showed a distinct transmission pattern, and functional analyses revealed a replication advantage of it. This study indicated that long-lasting community transmission clusters starting since early autumn caused by imported or locally occurring variants all contributed to the development of the 2021 winter wave. The information we achieved might help future pandemic prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11149030/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140944493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in eastern China from 2011 to 2021. 2011-2021年中国东部地区肺结核的时空分布特征。
IF 4.2 4区 医学 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824000785
Ke Chen, Liang Cheng, Hao Yu, Yong Zhou, Limei Zhu, Zhongqi Li, Tenglong Li, Leonardo Martinez, Qiao Liu, Bei Wang

China is still among the 30 high-burden tuberculosis (TB) countries in the world. Few studies have described the spatial epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary TB (PTB) in Jiangsu Province. The registered incidence data of PTB patients in 95 counties of Jiangsu Province from 2011 to 2021 were collected from the Tuberculosis Management Information System. Three-dimensional spatial trends, spatial autocorrelation, and spatial-temporal scan analysis were conducted to explore the spatial clustering pattern of PTB. From 2011 to 2021, a total of 347,495 newly diagnosed PTB cases were registered. The registered incidence rate of PTB decreased from 49.78/100,000 in 2011 to 26.49/100,000 in 2021, exhibiting a steady downward trend (χ2 = 414.22, P < 0.001). The average annual registered incidence rate of PTB was higher in the central and northern regions. Moran's I indices of the registered incidence of PTB were all >0 (P< 0.05) except in 2016, indicating a positive spatial correlation overall. Local autocorrelation analysis showed that 'high-high' clusters were mainly distributed in northern Jiangsu, and 'low-low' clusters were mainly concentrated in southern Jiangsu. The results of this study assist in identifying settings and locations of high TB risk and inform policy-making for PTB control and prevention.

中国仍是世界上 30 个结核病(TB)高负担国家之一。很少有研究描述江苏省肺结核(PTB)的空间流行病学特征。本研究从结核病管理信息系统中收集了江苏省95个县2011-2021年肺结核病人的登记发病数据。通过三维空间趋势分析、空间自相关分析和时空扫描分析,探讨了肺结核的空间聚集模式。从 2011 年到 2021 年,共登记了 347 495 例新诊断的肺结核病例。登记的肺结核发病率从 2011 年的 49.78/100,000 降至 2021 年的 26.49/100,000,呈稳步下降趋势(χ2 = 414.22,P 0(P<0.05))。
{"title":"Spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in eastern China from 2011 to 2021.","authors":"Ke Chen, Liang Cheng, Hao Yu, Yong Zhou, Limei Zhu, Zhongqi Li, Tenglong Li, Leonardo Martinez, Qiao Liu, Bei Wang","doi":"10.1017/S0950268824000785","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268824000785","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>China is still among the 30 high-burden tuberculosis (TB) countries in the world. Few studies have described the spatial epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary TB (PTB) in Jiangsu Province. The registered incidence data of PTB patients in 95 counties of Jiangsu Province from 2011 to 2021 were collected from the Tuberculosis Management Information System. Three-dimensional spatial trends, spatial autocorrelation, and spatial-temporal scan analysis were conducted to explore the spatial clustering pattern of PTB. From 2011 to 2021, a total of 347,495 newly diagnosed PTB cases were registered. The registered incidence rate of PTB decreased from 49.78/100,000 in 2011 to 26.49/100,000 in 2021, exhibiting a steady downward trend (χ<sup>2</sup> = 414.22, <i>P</i> < 0.001). The average annual registered incidence rate of PTB was higher in the central and northern regions. Moran's I indices of the registered incidence of PTB were all >0 (<i>P</i>< 0.05) except in 2016, indicating a positive spatial correlation overall. Local autocorrelation analysis showed that 'high-high' clusters were mainly distributed in northern Jiangsu, and 'low-low' clusters were mainly concentrated in southern Jiangsu. The results of this study assist in identifying settings and locations of high TB risk and inform policy-making for PTB control and prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11149027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140921763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Varicella zoster virus outbreak in a long-term care unit of a tertiary care hospital in northern India. 印度北部一家三级医院的长期护理病房爆发水痘带状疱疹病毒。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824000712
Rushika Saksena, Bonnie J Thomas, Ruma Das, Sunita Nagpal, Prem R Suri, Ranjan K Wadhwa, Aashish Choudhary, Rajni Gaind, Ekta Gupta

Nosocomial outbreak of varicella zoster virus (VZV) has been reported when susceptible individuals encounter a case of chicken pox or shingles. A suspected VZV outbreak was investigated in a 50-bedded in-patient facility of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation in a tertiary care multispecialty hospital. A 30-year-old female patient admitted with Pott's spine was clinically diagnosed with chicken pox on 31 December 2022. The following week, four more cases were identified in the same ward. All cases were diagnosed as laboratory-confirmed varicella zoster infection by PCR. Primary case was a housekeeping staff who was clinically diagnosed with chicken pox 3 weeks prior (9 December 2022). He returned to work on eighth day of infection (17 December 2022) after apparent clinical recovery but before the lesions had crusted over. Thirty-one HCWs were identified as contacts a and three had no evidence of immunity. Two of these susceptible HCWs had onset of chickenpox shortly after first dose of VZV vaccination was inoculated. All cases recovered after treatment with no reported complications. VZV infection is highly contagious in healthcare settings with susceptible populations. Prompt identification of cases and implementation of infection prevention and control measures like patient isolation and vaccination are essential for the containment of outbreaks.

据报道,当易感人群遇到水痘或带状疱疹病例时,就会爆发水痘带状疱疹病毒(VZV)疫情。一家拥有 50 张床位的三级综合专科医院物理医学与康复科住院部调查了一起疑似 VZV 爆发病例。2022 年 12 月 31 日,一名 30 岁的女性患者因波特脊柱炎入院,临床诊断为水痘。随后一周,同一病房又发现四例病例。所有病例均经 PCR 诊断为实验室确诊的水痘带状疱疹感染。主要病例为一名内勤人员,临床诊断为水痘 3 周前(2022 年 12 月 9 日)。他在感染后第八天(2022 年 12 月 17 日)临床症状明显好转,但皮损尚未结痂,便返回工作岗位。31 名高危工人被确定为接触者,其中 3 人没有免疫证据。其中两名易感的高危工人在接种第一剂 VZV 疫苗后不久出现水痘。所有病例均在治疗后痊愈,无并发症报告。在有易感人群的医疗机构中,VZV 感染具有高度传染性。及时发现病例并实施感染预防和控制措施(如隔离病人和接种疫苗)对于遏制疫情爆发至关重要。
{"title":"Varicella zoster virus outbreak in a long-term care unit of a tertiary care hospital in northern India.","authors":"Rushika Saksena, Bonnie J Thomas, Ruma Das, Sunita Nagpal, Prem R Suri, Ranjan K Wadhwa, Aashish Choudhary, Rajni Gaind, Ekta Gupta","doi":"10.1017/S0950268824000712","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268824000712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nosocomial outbreak of varicella zoster virus (VZV) has been reported when susceptible individuals encounter a case of chicken pox or shingles. A suspected VZV outbreak was investigated in a 50-bedded in-patient facility of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation in a tertiary care multispecialty hospital. A 30-year-old female patient admitted with Pott's spine was clinically diagnosed with chicken pox on 31 December 2022. The following week, four more cases were identified in the same ward. All cases were diagnosed as laboratory-confirmed varicella zoster infection by PCR. Primary case was a housekeeping staff who was clinically diagnosed with chicken pox 3 weeks prior (9 December 2022). He returned to work on eighth day of infection (17 December 2022) after apparent clinical recovery but before the lesions had crusted over. Thirty-one HCWs were identified as contacts a and three had no evidence of immunity. Two of these susceptible HCWs had onset of chickenpox shortly after first dose of VZV vaccination was inoculated. All cases recovered after treatment with no reported complications. VZV infection is highly contagious in healthcare settings with susceptible populations. Prompt identification of cases and implementation of infection prevention and control measures like patient isolation and vaccination are essential for the containment of outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11131006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140911648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Extreme mortality during a historical measles outbreak on Rotuma is consistent with measles immunosuppression. 罗图马岛历史上爆发麻疹疫情期间的高死亡率与麻疹免疫抑制是一致的。
IF 4.2 4区 医学 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1017/S095026882400075X
Susie Cant, G Dennis Shanks, Matt J Keeling, Bridget S Penman

Until the early twentieth century, populations on many Pacific Islands had never experienced measles. As travel to the Pacific Islands by Europeans became more common, the arrival of measles and other pathogens had devastating consequences. In 1911, Rotuma in Fiji was hit by a measles epidemic, which killed 13% of the island population. Detailed records show two mortality peaks, with individuals reported as dying solely from measles in the first and from measles and diarrhoea in the second. Measles is known to disrupt immune system function. Here, we investigate whether the pattern of mortality on Rotuma in 1911 was a consequence of the immunosuppressive effects of measles. We use a compartmental model to simulate measles infection and immunosuppression. Whilst immunosuppressed, we assume that individuals are vulnerable to dysfunctional reactions triggered by either (i) a newly introduced infectious agent arriving at the same time as measles or (ii) microbes already present in the population in a pre-existing equilibrium state. We show that both forms of the immunosuppression model provide a plausible fit to the data and that the inclusion of immunosuppression in the model leads to more realistic estimates of measles epidemiological parameters than when immunosuppression is not included.

直到二十世纪初,许多太平洋岛屿上的居民从未患过麻疹。随着欧洲人到太平洋岛屿旅行越来越普遍,麻疹和其他病原体的到来造成了毁灭性的后果。1911 年,斐济的罗图马岛爆发了麻疹疫情,造成岛上 13% 的人口死亡。详细记录显示,当时出现了两个死亡高峰,据报道,第一个高峰仅死于麻疹,第二个高峰则死于麻疹和腹泻。众所周知,麻疹会破坏免疫系统功能。在此,我们研究了 1911 年罗图马岛的死亡模式是否是麻疹的免疫抑制作用造成的。我们使用分区模型模拟麻疹感染和免疫抑制。在免疫抑制的情况下,我们假定个体容易受到以下两种因素的影响:(i) 与麻疹同时到达的新引入的传染源;或 (ii) 已在人群中存在的处于原有平衡状态的微生物。我们的研究表明,这两种形式的免疫抑制模型都能合理地拟合数据,而且与不包含免疫抑制的情况相比,将免疫抑制纳入模型可得出更符合实际的麻疹流行病学参数估计值。
{"title":"Extreme mortality during a historical measles outbreak on Rotuma is consistent with measles immunosuppression.","authors":"Susie Cant, G Dennis Shanks, Matt J Keeling, Bridget S Penman","doi":"10.1017/S095026882400075X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S095026882400075X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Until the early twentieth century, populations on many Pacific Islands had never experienced measles. As travel to the Pacific Islands by Europeans became more common, the arrival of measles and other pathogens had devastating consequences. In 1911, Rotuma in Fiji was hit by a measles epidemic, which killed 13% of the island population. Detailed records show two mortality peaks, with individuals reported as dying solely from measles in the first and from measles and diarrhoea in the second. Measles is known to disrupt immune system function. Here, we investigate whether the pattern of mortality on Rotuma in 1911 was a consequence of the immunosuppressive effects of measles. We use a compartmental model to simulate measles infection and immunosuppression. Whilst immunosuppressed, we assume that individuals are vulnerable to dysfunctional reactions triggered by either (i) a newly introduced infectious agent arriving at the same time as measles or (ii) microbes already present in the population in a pre-existing equilibrium state. We show that both forms of the immunosuppression model provide a plausible fit to the data and that the inclusion of immunosuppression in the model leads to more realistic estimates of measles epidemiological parameters than when immunosuppression is not included.</p>","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11149033/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140911684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Salmonella Hadar linked to two distinct transmission vehicles highlights challenges to enteric disease outbreak investigations. 哈达沙门氏菌与两种不同的传播途径有关,凸显了肠道疾病爆发调查所面临的挑战。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824000682
Joshua M Brandenburg, Gregory Sean Stapleton, Kelly E Kline, Jennifer Khoury, Krystle Mallory, Kimberly D Machesky, Stephen G Ladd-Wilson, Ryan Scholz, Jennifer Freiman, Colin Schwensohn, Alexandra Palacios, Laura Gieraltowski, Zachary Ellison, Beth Tolar, Hattie E Webb, Kaitlin A Tagg, Zainab Salah, Megin Nichols

In 2020, an outbreak of Salmonella Hadar illnesses was linked to contact with non-commercial, privately owned (backyard) poultry including live chickens, turkeys, and ducks, resulting in 848 illnesses. From late 2020 to 2021, this Salmonella Hadar strain caused an outbreak that was linked to ground turkey consumption. Core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) analysis determined that the Salmonella Hadar isolates detected during the outbreak linked to backyard poultry and the outbreak linked to ground turkey were closely related genetically (within 0-16 alleles). Epidemiological and traceback investigations were unable to determine how Salmonella Hadar detected in backyard poultry and ground turkey were linked, despite this genetic relatedness. Enhanced molecular characterization methods, such as analysis of the pangenome of Salmonella isolates, might be necessary to understand the relationship between these two outbreaks. Similarly, enhanced data collection during outbreak investigations and further research could potentially aid in determining whether these transmission vehicles are truly linked by a common source and what reservoirs exist across the poultry industries that allow Salmonella Hadar to persist. Further work combining epidemiological data collection, more detailed traceback information, and genomic analysis tools will be important for monitoring and investigating future enteric disease outbreaks.

2020 年,哈达尔沙门氏菌疫情的爆发与接触非商业性私人(散养)家禽(包括活鸡、火鸡和鸭)有关,导致 848 人患病。从 2020 年底到 2021 年,这种哈达尔沙门氏菌菌株引发的疫情与食用土火鸡有关。核心基因组多焦点序列分型(cgMLST)分析确定,在与散养家禽有关的疫情和与土火鸡有关的疫情中检测到的哈达尔沙门氏菌分离株在基因上密切相关(等位基因数在 0-16 个以内)。流行病学调查和追溯调查无法确定在散养家禽和土火鸡中检测到的哈达沙门氏菌是如何联系在一起的,尽管存在这种遗传相关性。要了解这两起疫情之间的关系,可能需要加强分子特征描述方法,如分析沙门氏菌分离物的庞基因组。同样,在疫情调查期间加强数据收集和进一步研究可能有助于确定这些传播途径是否真的有共同来源,以及家禽业中存在哪些使哈达沙门氏菌持续存在的贮藏库。将流行病学数据收集、更详细的溯源信息和基因组分析工具结合起来的进一步工作对于监测和调查未来的肠道疾病暴发非常重要。
{"title":"<i>Salmonella</i> Hadar linked to two distinct transmission vehicles highlights challenges to enteric disease outbreak investigations.","authors":"Joshua M Brandenburg, Gregory Sean Stapleton, Kelly E Kline, Jennifer Khoury, Krystle Mallory, Kimberly D Machesky, Stephen G Ladd-Wilson, Ryan Scholz, Jennifer Freiman, Colin Schwensohn, Alexandra Palacios, Laura Gieraltowski, Zachary Ellison, Beth Tolar, Hattie E Webb, Kaitlin A Tagg, Zainab Salah, Megin Nichols","doi":"10.1017/S0950268824000682","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0950268824000682","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2020, an outbreak of <i>Salmonella</i> Hadar illnesses was linked to contact with non-commercial, privately owned (backyard) poultry including live chickens, turkeys, and ducks, resulting in 848 illnesses. From late 2020 to 2021, this <i>Salmonella</i> Hadar strain caused an outbreak that was linked to ground turkey consumption. Core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) analysis determined that the <i>Salmonella</i> Hadar isolates detected during the outbreak linked to backyard poultry and the outbreak linked to ground turkey were closely related genetically (within 0-16 alleles). Epidemiological and traceback investigations were unable to determine how <i>Salmonella</i> Hadar detected in backyard poultry and ground turkey were linked, despite this genetic relatedness. Enhanced molecular characterization methods, such as analysis of the pangenome of <i>Salmonella</i> isolates, might be necessary to understand the relationship between these two outbreaks. Similarly, enhanced data collection during outbreak investigations and further research could potentially aid in determining whether these transmission vehicles are truly linked by a common source and what reservoirs exist across the poultry industries that allow <i>Salmonella</i> Hadar to persist. Further work combining epidemiological data collection, more detailed traceback information, and genomic analysis tools will be important for monitoring and investigating future enteric disease outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11384159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140911680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Epidemiology and Infection
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1