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Varicella vaccine effectiveness evaluation in Wuxi, China: A retrospective cohort study. 中国无锡的水痘疫苗效果评估:回顾性队列研究
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1017/S095026882400102X
Shixin Xiu, Zhuping Xu, Xuwen Wang, Li Zhang, Qiang Wang, Min Yang, Yuan Shen

Varicella is a vaccine-preventable infectious disease. Since 1 December 2018, the varicella vaccine has been included in the local Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) in Wuxi, China, and children born after 1 December 2014 are eligible for free vaccination. To evaluate the effect of varicella vaccination in Wuxi city, we selected 382 397 children born from 2012 to 2016 as subjects. Their disease data were obtained from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System, and their vaccination data were obtained from the Jiangsu Province Vaccination Integrated Service Management Information System. The incidence of breakthrough varicella cases increased in the first 4 years and reached the peak in the fifth year. With the increase of vaccination rate, the incidence of varicella decreased significantly. The vaccine effectiveness (VE) was found to be 88.17%-95.78% for one dose and 98.65%-99.93% for two doses. Although the VE per dose decreased from 99.57% in the first year to 93.04% in the eighth year, it remained high. These findings confirmed the effectiveness of varicella vaccination in children, supported the use of a two-dose varicella vaccination strategy to achieve better protection, and provided important insights into the optimal vaccination strategy for varicella prevention in children.

水痘是一种疫苗可预防的传染病。自2018年12月1日起,水痘疫苗被纳入中国无锡当地扩大免疫规划(EPI),2014年12月1日后出生的儿童可免费接种。为了评估无锡市接种水痘疫苗的效果,我们选取了2012年至2016年出生的382 397名儿童作为研究对象。他们的疾病数据来自中国疾病预防控制信息系统,接种数据来自江苏省预防接种综合服务管理信息系统。突破性水痘病例的发病率在前四年有所上升,并在第五年达到高峰。随着接种率的提高,水痘发病率明显下降。接种一剂的疫苗有效率(VE)为 88.17%-95.78%,接种两剂的疫苗有效率为 98.65%-99.93%。虽然每剂疫苗的有效率从第一年的 99.57% 下降到第八年的 93.04%,但仍然保持在较高水平。这些研究结果证实了儿童接种水痘疫苗的有效性,支持使用两剂水痘疫苗接种策略以获得更好的保护,并为儿童水痘预防的最佳接种策略提供了重要启示。
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引用次数: 0
Everything but the kitchen sink: The use of multiple hypothesis generation methods to investigate an outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis associated with frozen profiteroles and eclairs. 除厨房水槽外的一切:使用多种假设生成方法调查与冷冻杏仁饼和杏仁蛋糕有关的肠炎沙门氏菌疫情。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824001067
Courtney R Smith, Marsha Taylor, Anna J W Manore, April Hexemer, Bijay Adhikari, David Alexander, Robin Atkinson, Linda Chui, Eleni Galanis, Colette Gaulin, Meghan Griffin, Lance Honish, Ashley Kearney, Victor Mah, Rachel McCormick, Michelle Murti

In December 2018, an outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis infections was identified in Canada by whole-genome sequencing (WGS). An investigation was initiated to identify the source of the illnesses, which proved challenging and complex. Microbiological hypothesis generation methods included comparisons of Salmonella isolate sequence data to historical domestic outbreaks and international repositories. Epidemiological hypothesis generation methods included routine case interviews, open-ended centralized re-interviewing, thematic analysis of open-ended interview data, collection of purchase records, a grocery store site visit, analytic comparison to healthy control groups, and case-case analyses. Food safety hypothesis testing methods included food sample collection and analysis, and traceback investigations. Overall, 83 cases were identified across seven provinces, with onset dates from 6 November 2018 to 7 May 2019. Case ages ranged from 1 to 88 years; 60% (50/83) were female; 39% (22/56) were hospitalized; and three deaths were reported. Brand X profiteroles and eclairs imported from Thailand were identified as the source of the outbreak, and eggs from an unregistered facility were hypothesized as the likely cause of contamination. This study aims to describe the outbreak investigation and highlight the multiple hypothesis generation methods that were employed to identify the source.

2018 年 12 月,加拿大通过全基因组测序(WGS)发现了一起肠炎沙门氏菌感染疫情。为确定疾病来源,启动了一项调查,事实证明这项调查具有挑战性和复杂性。微生物学假设生成方法包括将沙门氏菌分离序列数据与历史上的国内疫情爆发和国际资料库进行比较。流行病学假设生成方法包括常规病例访谈、开放式集中再访谈、开放式访谈数据的主题分析、购买记录收集、杂货店实地考察、与健康对照组的分析比较以及病例分析。食品安全假设检验方法包括食品样本收集和分析以及追踪调查。总体而言,七个省份共发现 83 例病例,发病日期从 2018 年 11 月 6 日至 2019 年 5 月 7 日。病例年龄从1岁到88岁不等;60%(50/83)为女性;39%(22/56)住院治疗;报告了3例死亡病例。从泰国进口的X品牌杏仁蛋白饼和杏仁蛋糕被确定为疫情来源,来自未注册设施的鸡蛋被推测为可能的污染原因。本研究旨在描述疫情调查情况,并重点介绍为确定污染源而采用的多种假设生成方法。
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引用次数: 0
Interleukins in the pathogenesis of influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections. 流感和其他急性呼吸道病毒感染发病机制中的白细胞介素。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824001109
Mykchaylo Andreychyn, Larysa Melnyk, Nataliia Zavidniiuk, Natalya Nychyk, Iaryna Iosyk

Influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections (ARVIs) are among the most common human diseases. In recent decades, the discovery of cytokines and their significance in the pathogenesis of diseases has led to extensive research on these compounds in various pathologies including ARVIs. The aim of the research was to study the cytokine profile in patients with ARVIs. The cases of 30 patients were investigated. Etiological diagnosis was performed by polymerase chain reaction. Different classes of cytokines in the serum were defined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The level of cytokines depended on the number of pathogens. The highest levels of pro-inflammatory interleukins and the lowest levels of anti-inflammatory IL-4 were observed in patients with a combination of five or more viruses compared to those with a monoinfection. Analysis of the data showed that in the acute phase, the levels of all studied pro-inflammatory cytokines - IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α - increased by 8, 39, and 9 times, respectively, compared to those in healthy individuals. In the acute phase of ARVI, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly higher and depended on the severity of the disease. The imbalance of cytokines in the serum has been established in cases of ARVIs, depending on the severity of the disease.

流感和其他急性呼吸道病毒感染(ARVI)是人类最常见的疾病之一。近几十年来,由于发现了细胞因子及其在疾病发病机制中的重要作用,人们对这些化合物在包括急性呼吸道病毒感染在内的各种病症中的作用进行了广泛研究。这项研究的目的是研究 ARVI 患者的细胞因子谱。对 30 名患者的病例进行了调查。病因诊断通过聚合酶链反应进行。通过酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)确定了血清中不同种类的细胞因子。细胞因子的水平取决于病原体的数量。与单一病毒感染者相比,合并感染五种或更多病毒的患者体内促炎性白细胞介素的水平最高,而抗炎性 IL-4 的水平最低。数据分析显示,在急性期,所有研究的促炎细胞因子--IL-2、IL-6 和 TNF-α --的水平与健康人相比分别增加了 8 倍、39 倍和 9 倍。在急性阿尔茨海默病的急性期,促炎细胞因子的水平明显较高,并取决于疾病的严重程度。在阿尔茨海默病病例中,血清中细胞因子的失衡已被证实,这取决于疾病的严重程度。
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引用次数: 0
The incubation for urethral gonorrhoea among men who have sex with men with and without oropharyngeal gonorrhoea. 有口咽淋病和无口咽淋病的男男性行为者中尿道淋病的潜伏期。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1017/S095026882400089X
Julien Tran, Christopher K Fairley, Jason J Ong, Tiffany R Phillips, Ei T Aung, Eric P F Chow

We hypothesized that the incubation for urethral gonorrhoea would be longer for men with oropharyngeal gonorrhoea than those without oropharyngeal gonorrhoea. We conducted a chart review of men who have sex with men with urethral gonorrhoea symptoms at a sexual health clinic between 2019 and 2021. The incubation period was defined as the number of days between men's last sexual contact and onset of symptoms. We used a Mann-Whitney U test to compare differences in the median incubation for urethral gonorrhoea between men with and men without oropharyngeal gonorrhoea. There were 338 men with urethral symptoms (median age = 32 years; IQR: 28-39), and of these, 307 (90.1%) were tested for oropharyngeal gonorrhoea, of whom 124 (40.4%, 95% CI: 34.9-46.1) men had oropharyngeal and urethral gonorrhoea. We analyzed incubation data available for 190 (61.9%) of the 307 men, with 38.9% (74/190) testing positive for oropharyngeal gonorrhoea. The incubation for urethral gonorrhoea did not differ between 74 men (39%) with oropharyngeal gonorrhoea (median = 4 days; IQR: 2-6) and 116 men (61%) without oropharyngeal gonorrhoea (median = 2.5 days; IQR: 1-5) (p = 0.092). Research is needed to investigate gonorrhoea transmission from the oropharynx to the urethra.

我们假设,与没有口咽部淋病的男性相比,患有口咽部淋病的男性的尿道淋病潜伏期会更长。我们对 2019 年至 2021 年期间在性健康诊所就诊的有尿道淋病症状的男男性行为者进行了病历审查。潜伏期定义为男性最后一次性接触与症状出现之间的天数。我们使用 Mann-Whitney U 检验来比较患有和未患有口咽部淋病的男性之间尿道淋病潜伏期中位数的差异。共有 338 名男性出现尿道症状(中位年龄 = 32 岁;IQR:28-39),其中 307 人(90.1%)接受了口咽淋病检测,其中 124 人(40.4%,95% CI:34.9-46.1)同时患有口咽部淋病和尿道淋病。我们分析了 307 名男性中 190 人(61.9%)的潜伏期数据,其中 38.9%(74/190)的口咽淋病检测呈阳性。74名患有口咽部淋病的男性(39%)(中位数=4天;IQR:2-6)与116名没有口咽部淋病的男性(61%)(中位数=2.5天;IQR:1-5)的尿道淋病潜伏期没有差异(p=0.092)。需要对淋病从口咽传播到尿道的情况进行研究。
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引用次数: 0
Omicron incidence and seroprevalence among children in Montreal, Canada, in early 2023: final results from the longitudinal EnCORE serology study. 2023 年初加拿大蒙特利尔儿童的奥米克原发病率和血清流行率:EnCORE 血清学纵向研究的最终结果。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824000797
Katia Charland, Laura Pierce, Adrien Saucier, Marie-Ève Hamelin, Margot Barbosa Da Torre, Julie Carbonneau, Cat Tuong Nguyen, Gaston De Serres, Jesse Papenburg, Guy Boivin, Caroline Quach, Kate Zinszer

Since early 2022, routine testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) based on symptoms and exposure history has largely ceased in Canada. Consequently, seroprevalence studies, particularly longitudinal studies, have become critical for monitoring the rate of incident SARS-CoV-2 infections and the proportion of the population with evidence of immunity. EnCORE is a longitudinal SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence study comprising five rounds of serology testing from October 2020 to June 2023, in a sample of 2- to 17-year-olds (at baseline), recruited from daycares and schools in four neighbourhoods of Montreal, Canada. We report on SARS-CoV-2 incidence and seroprevalence among the 509 participants in the fifth and final round of the study. Seroprevalence of antibodies from either infection or vaccination was 98% (95 per cent confidence interval [CI]: 97, 99). The infection-acquired seroprevalence was 78% (95% CI: 73-82), and the incidence rate was 113 per 100 person-years (95% CI: 94-132), compared to the seroprevalence of 58% and the incidence rate of 133 per 100 person-years, respectively, in the fourth round of testing (mid-late 2022). Of the 131 participants newly seropositive for infection in Round 4, only 18 were seronegative for infection in Round 5 (median follow-up: 326 days).

自 2022 年初以来,加拿大基本停止了基于症状和接触史的严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2(SARS-CoV-2)常规检测。因此,血清流行率研究,尤其是纵向研究,对于监测 SARS-CoV-2 感染率和有免疫证据的人口比例至关重要。EnCORE 是一项纵向 SARS-CoV-2 血清流行率研究,从 2020 年 10 月到 2023 年 6 月,对加拿大蒙特利尔四个社区的托儿所和学校招募的 2 至 17 岁儿童样本(基线)进行了五轮血清学检测。我们报告了第五轮也是最后一轮研究中 509 名参与者的 SARS-CoV-2 发病率和血清流行率。感染或接种疫苗产生的抗体血清阳性率为 98%(95% 置信区间 [CI]:97, 99)。感染获得的血清流行率为78%(95% CI:73-82),发病率为每百人年113例(95% CI:94-132),而第四轮检测(2022年中后期)的血清流行率和发病率分别为每百人年58%和133例。在第四轮检测中血清反应呈阳性的 131 名参与者中,只有 18 人在第五轮检测中血清反应呈阴性(中位数随访时间:326 天)。
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引用次数: 0
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-reactive salivary antibody detection in South Carolina emergency healthcare workers, September 2019-March 2020. 2019 年 9 月至 2020 年 3 月,在南卡罗来纳州急诊医护人员中检测严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2 反应性唾液抗体。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824000967
Haley C Meltzer, Jane L Goodwin, Lauren A Fowler, Thomas W Britt, Ronald G Pirrallo, Jennifer T Grier

On 19 January 2020, the first case of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection was identified in the United States, with the first cases in South Carolina confirmed on 06 March 2020. Due to initial limited testing capabilities and potential for asymptomatic transmission, it is possible that SARS-CoV-2 may have been present earlier than previously thought, while the immune status of at-risk populations was unknown. Saliva from 55 South Carolina emergency healthcare workers (EHCWs) was collected from September 2019 to March 2020, pre- and post-healthcare shifts, and stored frozen. To determine the presence of SARS-CoV-2-reactive antibodies, saliva-acquired post-shift was analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with a repeat of positive or inconclusive results and follow-up testing of pre-shift samples. Two participants were positive for SARS-CoV-2 N/S1-reactive IgG, confirmed by follow-up testing, with S1 receptor binding domain (RBD)-specific IgG present in one individual. Positive samples were collected from medical students working in emergency medical services (EMSs) in October or November 2019. The presence of detectable anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in 2019 suggests that immune responses to the virus existed in South Carolina, and the United States, in a small percentage of EHCWs prior to the earliest documented coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases. These findings suggest the feasibility of saliva as a noninvasive tool for surveillance of emerging outbreaks, and EHCWs represent a high-risk population that should be the focus of infectious disease surveillance.

2020 年 1 月 19 日,美国发现首例严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2(SARS-CoV-2)感染病例,2020 年 3 月 6 日南卡罗来纳州确诊首例病例。由于最初的检测能力有限以及可能存在无症状传播,SARS-CoV-2 有可能比以前认为的更早出现,而高危人群的免疫状况尚不清楚。从 2019 年 9 月到 2020 年 3 月,我们收集了 55 名南卡罗来纳州急诊医护人员(EHCWs)在医护人员轮班前和轮班后的唾液,并将其冷冻保存。为了确定是否存在 SARS-CoV-2 反应性抗体,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对轮班后获得的唾液进行了分析,并对阳性或不确定的结果进行了复查,同时对轮班前的样本进行了后续检测。两名参与者的 SARS-CoV-2 N/S1 反应 IgG 呈阳性,并经后续检测证实,其中一人的 S1 受体结合域(RBD)特异性 IgG 呈阳性。阳性样本采集自 2019 年 10 月或 11 月在急诊医疗服务机构(EMS)工作的医学生。2019 年出现可检测到的抗 SARS-CoV-2 抗体表明,在最早记录在案的 2019 年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)病例之前,南卡罗来纳州和美国的一小部分急诊医疗工作者对该病毒存在免疫反应。这些研究结果表明,将唾液作为监测新发疫情的非侵入性工具是可行的,EHCW代表着高风险人群,应成为传染病监测的重点。
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引用次数: 0
Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 prevalence from repeated pooled testing: application to Swiss routine data. 通过重复联合检测监测 SARS-CoV-2 流行情况:应用于瑞士常规数据。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824000876
Julien Riou, Erik Studer, Anna Fesser, Tobias Magnus Schuster, Nicola Low, Matthias Egger, Anthony Hauser

Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 through reported positive RT-PCR tests is biased due to non-random testing. Prevalence estimation in population-based samples corrects for this bias. Within this context, the pooled testing design offers many advantages, but several challenges remain with regards to the analysis of such data. We developed a Bayesian model aimed at estimating the prevalence of infection from repeated pooled testing data while (i) correcting for test sensitivity; (ii) propagating the uncertainty in test sensitivity; and (iii) including correlation over time and space. We validated the model in simulated scenarios, showing that the model is reliable when the sample size is at least 500, the pool size below 20, and the true prevalence below 5%. We applied the model to 1.49 million pooled tests collected in Switzerland in 2021-2022 in schools, care centres, and workplaces. We identified similar dynamics in all three settings, with prevalence peaking at 4-5% during winter 2022. We also identified differences across regions. Prevalence estimates in schools were correlated with reported cases, hospitalizations, and deaths (coefficient 0.84 to 0.90). We conclude that in many practical situations, the pooled test design is a reliable and affordable alternative for the surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses.

通过报告的 RT-PCR 阳性检测对 SARS-CoV-2 进行监测,由于检测不是随机的,因此存在偏差。基于人群样本的流行率估计可以纠正这种偏差。在这种情况下,集合检测设计具有许多优势,但在分析此类数据方面仍存在一些挑战。我们开发了一个贝叶斯模型,旨在从重复集中检测数据中估算感染率,同时(i) 校正检测灵敏度;(ii) 传播检测灵敏度的不确定性;(iii) 包括时间和空间上的相关性。我们在模拟场景中对模型进行了验证,结果表明,当样本量至少为 500 个、集合规模低于 20 个、真实感染率低于 5%时,模型是可靠的。我们将该模型应用于 2021-2022 年在瑞士的学校、护理中心和工作场所收集的 149 万个集合测试。我们在这三种环境中发现了类似的动态变化,流行率在 2022 年冬季达到峰值,为 4-5%。我们还发现了不同地区的差异。学校中的流行率估计值与报告病例、住院人数和死亡人数相关(系数为 0.84 至 0.90)。我们的结论是,在许多实际情况下,集合测试设计是监测 SARS-CoV-2 和其他病毒的可靠且经济实惠的替代方法。
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引用次数: 0
A systematic review and meta-analysis of ambient temperature and precipitation with infections from five food-borne bacterial pathogens. 环境温度和降水与五种食源性细菌病原体感染的系统回顾和荟萃分析。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824000839
Naveen Manchal, Megan K Young, Maria Eugenia Castellanos, Peter Leggat, Oyelola Adegboye

Studies on climate variables and food pathogens are either pathogen- or region-specific, necessitating a consolidated view on the subject. This study aims to systematically review all studies on the association of ambient temperature and precipitation on the incidence of gastroenteritis and bacteraemia from Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, Vibrio, and Listeria species. PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched up to 9 March 2023. We screened 3,204 articles for eligibility and included 83 studies in the review and three in the meta-analysis. Except for one study on Campylobacter, all showed a positive association between temperature and Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio sp., and Campylobacter gastroenteritis. Similarly, most of the included studies showed that precipitation was positively associated with these conditions. These positive associations were found regardless of the effect measure chosen. The pooled incidence rate ratio (IRR) for the three studies that included bacteraemia from Campylobacter and Salmonella sp. was 1.05 (95 per cent confidence interval (95% CI): 1.03, 1.06) for extreme temperature and 1.09 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.19) for extreme precipitation. If current climate trends continue, our findings suggest these pathogens would increase patient morbidity, the need for hospitalization, and prolonged antibiotic courses.

有关气候变量和食品病原体的研究要么针对特定病原体,要么针对特定地区,因此有必要对这一主题进行综合研究。本研究旨在系统回顾有关环境温度和降水量与沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌、弯曲杆菌、弧菌和李斯特菌引起的肠胃炎和菌血症发病率之间关系的所有研究。对 PubMed、Ovid MEDLINE、Scopus 和 Web of Science 数据库的检索截止到 2023 年 3 月 9 日。我们对 3,204 篇文章进行了资格筛选,在综述中纳入了 83 项研究,在荟萃分析中纳入了 3 项研究。除一项关于弯曲杆菌的研究外,其他研究均显示温度与沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌、弧菌和弯曲杆菌肠胃炎之间存在正相关。同样,所纳入的大多数研究都表明,降水与这些病症呈正相关。无论选择哪种效应测量方法,都能发现这些正相关关系。在包括弯曲杆菌和沙门氏菌引起的菌血症的三项研究中,极端气温的汇总发病率比(IRR)为 1.05(95% 置信区间 (95%CI):1.03, 1.06),极端降水的汇总发病率比(IRR)为 1.09(95% CI:0.99, 1.19)。如果目前的气候趋势继续下去,我们的研究结果表明,这些病原体将增加患者的发病率、住院需求和延长抗生素疗程。
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引用次数: 0
High Campylobacter diversity in retail chicken: epidemiologically important strains may be missed with current sampling methods. 零售鸡肉中弯曲杆菌的高度多样性:目前的采样方法可能会遗漏具有流行病学意义的菌株。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824000906
Agata H Dziegiel, Samuel J Bloomfield, George M Savva, Raphaëlle Palau, Nicol Janecko, John Wain, Alison E Mather

Campylobacter spp. are leading bacterial gastroenteritis pathogens. Infections are largely underreported, and the burden of outbreaks may be underestimated. Current strategies of testing as few as one isolate per sample can affect attribution of cases to epidemiologically important sources with high Campylobacter diversity, such as chicken meat. Multiple culture method combinations were utilized to recover and sequence Campylobacter from 45 retail chicken samples purchased across Norwich, UK, selecting up to 48 isolates per sample. Simulations based on resampling were used to assess the impact of Campylobacter sequence type (ST) diversity on outbreak detection. Campylobacter was recovered from 39 samples (87%), although only one sample was positive through all broth, temperature, and plate combinations. Three species were identified (Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, and Campylobacter lari), and 33% of samples contained two species. Positive samples contained 1-8 STs. Simulation revealed that up to 87 isolates per sample would be required to detect 95% of the observed ST diversity, and 26 isolates would be required for the average probability of detecting a random theoretical outbreak ST to reach 95%. An optimized culture approach and selecting multiple isolates per sample are essential for more complete Campylobacter recovery to support outbreak investigation and source attribution.

弯曲杆菌属是主要的细菌性肠胃炎病原体。大部分感染病例都没有得到充分报告,疫情爆发造成的负担可能被低估。目前对每个样本只检测一个分离物的策略会影响将病例归因于鸡肉等弯曲杆菌多样性高的流行病学重要来源。我们采用多种培养方法组合,从英国诺里奇市购买的 45 份零售鸡肉样本中回收弯曲杆菌并对其进行测序,每个样本最多可选取 48 个分离株。在重新采样的基础上进行模拟,以评估弯曲杆菌序列类型(ST)多样性对疫情检测的影响。从 39 个样本(87%)中回收了弯曲杆菌,但只有一个样本在所有肉汤、温度和平板组合中均呈阳性。确定了三个菌种(空肠弯曲杆菌、大肠弯曲杆菌和拉里弯曲杆菌),33%的样本含有两个菌种。阳性样本包含 1-8 个 ST。模拟显示,每个样本需要多达 87 个分离物才能检测到 95% 的观察到的 ST 多样性,而检测到随机理论暴发 ST 的平均概率达到 95% 则需要 26 个分离物。优化培养方法和每个样本选择多个分离物对于更全面地回收弯曲杆菌以支持疫情调查和来源归因至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence and persistence of Neisseria meningitidis carriage in Swedish university students - CORRIGENDUM. 瑞典大学生脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌携带率和持久性 - CORRIGENDUM。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824000840
Olof Säll, Lorraine Eriksson, Idosa Asfaw Berhane, Alexander Persson, Anders Magnuson, Sara Thulin Hedberg, Martin Sundqvist, Per Olcén, Hans Fredlund, Bianca Stenmark, Eva Särndahl, Paula Mölling, Susanne Jacobsson
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引用次数: 0
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Epidemiology and Infection
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