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A systematic review and meta-analysis of bovine tuberculosis occurrence and burden in Bangladesh, 1970-2023. 1970-2023 年孟加拉国牛结核病发生和负担的系统回顾和荟萃分析。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824001328
Sk Shaheenur Islam, Konstantinos Pateras, S M Lutful Kabir, Polychronis Kostoulas, Michael P Ward, A K M Anisur Rahman

We aimed to estimate the overall apparent prevalence, true prevalence, and the spatial, temporal, and test-specific burden of bovine tuberculosis in Bangladesh. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and BanglaJOL were searched for bovine tuberculosis publications in Bangladesh from 1 January 1970 to 23 June 2023. Of 142 articles screened, systematic review and meta-analysis were performed on 22 (15.5%) articles. The apparent estimated bovine tuberculosis prevalence was 7%. The apparent Bayesian pooled mean bovine tuberculosis prevalences based on caudal fold test and single intradermal comparative tuberculin test were 7.83% and 9.89%, respectively, and the true pooled mean prevalences were 10.39% and 10.48%, respectively. Targeted interventions are recommended for districts with higher prevalence to effectively reduce the bovine tuberculosis burden in those areas. Current diagnostic practices employed in Bangladesh may not accurately reflect the bovine tuberculosis burden. Our findings highlight the need for better diagnostic tools and supplemental testing methods to ensure accurate diagnosis and surveillance. Efforts should prioritize obtaining 'true' prevalence estimates corrected for misclassification bias, rather than relying solely on apparent prevalence. Underestimating the bovine tuberculosis burden could result in inadequate resource allocation and hinder the implementation of effective control measures.

我们的目的是估算孟加拉国牛结核病的总体表观流行率、真实流行率以及空间、时间和检测特异性负担。我们在 PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus、Google Scholar 和 BanglaJOL 上检索了 1970 年 1 月 1 日至 2023 年 6 月 23 日期间孟加拉国的牛结核病出版物。在筛选出的 142 篇文章中,对 22 篇(15.5%)进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析。牛结核病的估计流行率为 7%。根据尾褶试验和单次皮内比较结核菌素试验得出的贝叶斯集合平均牛结核病表面流行率分别为 7.83% 和 9.89%,而真正的集合平均流行率分别为 10.39% 和 10.48%。建议对发病率较高的地区采取有针对性的干预措施,以有效减轻这些地区的牛结核病负担。孟加拉国目前采用的诊断方法可能无法准确反映牛结核病的负担。我们的研究结果突出表明,需要更好的诊断工具和补充检测方法,以确保准确诊断和监测。应优先考虑获得 "真实 "流行率估计值,并对误诊偏差进行校正,而不是仅仅依赖表面流行率。低估牛结核病负担会导致资源分配不足,并阻碍有效控制措施的实施。
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引用次数: 0
The spatial-temporal variations and influencing factors of COVID-19 case fatality rate: a worldwide study in 30 countries from February 2021 to May 2022. COVID-19病例死亡率的时空变化和影响因素:2021年2月至2022年5月在30个国家开展的全球研究。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824000852
Jing Zhao, Xing Huang, Xing Li, Bing Li, Zuhua Rong, Xu Huang, Ruiqi Ren, Dan Li, Chao Li, Qun Li, Jianpeng Xiao, Guoqing Shi

To evaluate the variations in COVID-19 case fatality rates (CFRs) across different regions and waves, and the impact of public health interventions, social and economic characteristics, and demographic factors on COVID-19 CFRs, we collected data from 30 countries with the highest incidence rate in three waves. We summarized the CFRs of different countries and continents in each wave through meta-analysis. Spearman's correlation and multiple linear regression were employed to estimate the correlation between influencing factors and reduction rates of CFRs. Significant differences in CFRs were observed among different regions during the three waves (P < 0.001). An association was found between the changes in fully vaccinated rates (r s  = 0.41), population density (r s  = 0.43), the proportion of individuals over 65 years old (r s  = 0.43), and the reduction rates of case fatality rate. Compared to Wave 1, the reduction rates in Wave 2 were associated with population density (β = 0.19, 95%CI: 0.05-0.33) and smoking rates (β = -4.66, 95%CI: -8.98 - -0.33), while in Wave 3 it was associated with booster vaccine rates (β = 0.60, 95%CI: 0.11-1.09) and hospital beds per thousand people (β = 4.15, 95%CI: 1.41-6.89). These findings suggest that the COVID-19 CFRs varied across different countries and waves, and promoting booster vaccinations, increasing hospital bed capacity, and implementing tobacco control measures can help reduce CFRs.

为了评估 COVID-19 病例死亡率(CFR)在不同地区和不同波次中的差异,以及公共卫生干预措施、社会和经济特征以及人口因素对 COVID-19 病例死亡率的影响,我们收集了发病率最高的 30 个国家在三个波次中的数据。我们通过荟萃分析总结了不同国家和大洲在每个波次中的 CFRs。采用斯皮尔曼相关和多元线性回归估算了影响因素与 CFRs 下降率之间的相关性。在三个波次中,不同地区的病死率(P r s = 0.41)、人口密度(r s = 0.43)、65 岁以上人口比例(r s = 0.43)和病死率降低率之间存在显著差异。与第 1 波相比,第 2 波的降低率与人口密度(β = 0.19,95%CI:0.05-0.33)和吸烟率(β = -4.66,95%CI:-8.98 --0.33)相关,而在第 3 波,降低率与强化疫苗接种率(β = 0.60,95%CI:0.11-1.09)和每千人医院床位数(β = 4.15,95%CI:1.41-6.89)相关。这些研究结果表明,COVID-19 CFRs 在不同国家和波次之间存在差异,推广加强接种疫苗、增加医院床位和实施烟草控制措施有助于降低 CFRs。
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引用次数: 0
Weather conditions and legionellosis: a nationwide case-crossover study among Medicare recipients. 天气条件与军团菌病:一项针对医疗保险受益人的全国性病例交叉研究。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824000979
Timothy J Wade, Carly Herbert

Legionellosis is a respiratory infection caused by Legionella sp. that is found in water and soil. Infection may cause pneumonia (Legionnaires' Disease) and a milder form (Pontiac Fever). Legionella colonizes water systems and results in exposure by inhalation of aerosolized bacteria. The incubation period ranges from 2 to 14 days. Precipitation and humidity may be associated with increased risk. We used Medicare records from 1999 to 2020 to identify hospitalizations for legionellosis. Precipitation, temperature, and relative humidity were obtained from the PRISM Climate Group for the zip code of residence. We used a time-stratified bi-directional case-crossover design with lags of 20 days. Data were analyzed using conditional logistic regression and distributed lag non-linear models. A total of 37 883 hospitalizations were identified. Precipitation and relative humidity at lags 8 through 13 days were associated with an increased risk of legionellosis. The strongest association was precipitation at day 10 lag (OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.05-1.11 per 1 cm). Over 20 days, 3 cm of precipitation increased the odds of legionellosis over four times. The association was strongest in the Northeast and Midwest and during summer and fall. Precipitation and humidity were associated with hospitalization among Medicare recipients for legionellosis at lags consistent with the incubation period for infection.

军团菌病是由存在于水和土壤中的军团菌引起的呼吸道感染。感染可能导致肺炎(军团病)和较轻的肺炎(庞蒂亚克热)。军团菌在水系统中定植,通过吸入气溶胶细菌导致感染。潜伏期为 2 到 14 天。降雨和潮湿可能与风险增加有关。我们利用 1999 年至 2020 年的医疗保险记录来确定军团菌病的住院病例。降水量、温度和相对湿度均来自居住地邮政编码的 PRISM 气候组。我们采用了滞后 20 天的时间分层双向病例交叉设计。数据采用条件逻辑回归和分布滞后非线性模型进行分析。共确定了 37 883 例住院病例。滞后 8 天至 13 天的降水和相对湿度与军团菌病风险的增加有关。关联性最强的是滞后第 10 天的降水(OR = 1.08,95% CI = 1.05-1.11 per 1 cm)。在 20 天内,3 厘米的降水量使军团菌病的发病几率增加了四倍多。这种关联在东北部和中西部以及夏秋季最为明显。降水和湿度与医疗保险受益人因军团菌病住院治疗的相关性滞后于感染的潜伏期。
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引用次数: 0
The challenge of etiologic diagnosis of subacute and chronic meningitis: an analysis of 183 patients. 亚急性和慢性脑膜炎病因诊断的挑战:对 183 名患者的分析。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824001225
Mahboubeh Haddad, Fereshte Sheybani, Matin Shirazinia, Farzaneh Khoroushi, Zahra Baghestani

Subacute and chronic meningitis (SCM) presents significant diagnostic challenges, with numerous infectious and non-infectious inflammatory causes. This study examined patients aged 16 and older with SCM admitted to referral centers for neuroinfections and neuroinflammations in Mashhad, Iran, between March 2015 and October 2022. Among 183 episodes, tuberculous meningitis was the most common infectious cause (46.5%), followed by Brucella meningitis (24.6%). The cause of SCM was definitively proven in 40.4%, presumptive in 35.0%, and unknown in 24.6% of cases. In-hospital mortality was 14.4%, and 30.5% of survivors experienced unfavorable outcomes (Glasgow Outcome Scale 2-4). Patients with unknown causes had a significantly higher risk of death compared to those with presumptive or proven diagnoses (risk ratio 4.18). This study emphasizes the diagnostic difficulties of SCM, with one-quarter of cases remaining undiagnosed and over one-third having only a presumptive diagnosis. Improving diagnostic methods could potentially enhance prognosis and reduce mortality.

亚急性和慢性脑膜炎(SCM)是诊断方面的重大挑战,其感染性和非感染性炎症病因众多。本研究调查了 2015 年 3 月至 2022 年 10 月期间伊朗马什哈德市神经感染和神经炎症转诊中心收治的 16 岁及以上亚急性和慢性脑膜炎患者。在 183 次发病中,结核性脑膜炎是最常见的感染原因(46.5%),其次是布鲁氏菌脑膜炎(24.6%)。40.4%的病例明确证实了单核细胞增多症的病因,35.0%的病例推测病因,24.6%的病例病因不明。院内死亡率为 14.4%,30.5% 的幸存者出现了不良预后(格拉斯哥预后量表 2-4)。与推测或确诊的患者相比,病因不明的患者死亡风险明显更高(风险比为 4.18)。这项研究强调了单核细胞增多症的诊断难度,四分之一的病例仍未确诊,超过三分之一的病例仅有推测性诊断。改进诊断方法有可能改善预后并降低死亡率。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment and comparison of model estimated and directly observed weather data for prediction of diarrhoea aetiology. 评估和比较用于预测腹泻病因的模型估计数据和直接观测的天气数据。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824001183
Ben J Brintz, Josh M Colston, Sharia M Ahmed, Dennis L Chao, Benjamin F Zaitchik, Daniel T Leung

Recent advances in clinical prediction for diarrhoeal aetiology in low- and middle-income countries have revealed that the addition of weather data to clinical data improves predictive performance. However, the optimal source of weather data remains unclear. We aim to compare the use of model estimated satellite- and ground-based observational data with weather station directly observed data for the prediction of aetiology of diarrhoea. We used clinical and etiological data from a large multi-centre study of children with moderate to severe diarrhoea cases to compare their predictive performances. We show that the two sources of weather conditions perform similarly in most locations. We conclude that while model estimated data is a viable, scalable tool for public health interventions and disease prediction, given its ease of access, directly observed weather station data is likely adequate for the prediction of diarrhoeal aetiology in children in low- and middle-income countries.

中低收入国家在腹泻病因临床预测方面的最新进展表明,在临床数据中加入天气数据可提高预测效果。然而,气象数据的最佳来源仍不明确。我们旨在比较使用模型估计的卫星和地面观测数据与气象站直接观测数据对腹泻病因进行预测的效果。我们使用了一项针对中重度腹泻患儿的大型多中心研究中的临床和病原学数据来比较它们的预测性能。我们发现,这两种天气条件来源在大多数地方的表现相似。我们的结论是,虽然模型估计数据是公共卫生干预和疾病预测的可行、可扩展工具,但由于其易于获取,直接观测的气象站数据可能足以预测中低收入国家儿童的腹泻病因。
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引用次数: 0
Drivers of human Leptospira infection in the Pacific Islands: A systematic review. 太平洋岛屿人类钩端螺旋体感染的驱动因素:系统回顾。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824001250
Sahil Kharwadkar, Philip Weinstein, Jessica Stanhope

Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonosis that poses an increasing global public health risk. Pacific Island communities are highly vulnerable to leptospirosis outbreaks, yet the local drivers of infection remain poorly understood. We conducted a systematic review to identify the drivers of human Leptospira infection in the Pacific Islands. There were 42 included studies from which findings were synthesized descriptively. In tropical Pacific Islands, infections were a product of sociodemographic factors such as male gender/sex, age 20 to 60 years, Indigenous ethnicity, and poverty; lifestyle factors such as swimming, gardening, and open skin wounds; and environmental factors, including seasonality, heavy rainfall, and exposure to rodents, cattle, and pigs. Possible mitigation strategies in these islands include strengthening disease reporting standards at a regional level; improving water security, rodent control, and piggery management at a community level; and information campaigns to target individual-level drivers of infection. By contrast, in New Zealand, exposures were predominantly occupational, with infections occurring in meat and farm workers. Accordingly, interventions could include adjustments to occupational practices and promoting the uptake of animal vaccinations. Given the complexity of disease transmission and future challenges posed by climate change, further action is required for leptospirosis control in the Pacific Islands.

钩端螺旋体病是一种细菌性人畜共患病,对全球公共卫生造成的风险越来越大。太平洋岛屿社区极易爆发钩端螺旋体病,但人们对当地感染的驱动因素仍然知之甚少。我们进行了一项系统综述,以确定太平洋岛屿人类钩端螺旋体感染的驱动因素。共纳入了 42 项研究,并对研究结果进行了描述性综合。在热带太平洋岛屿,感染是社会人口因素(如男性/性别、20 至 60 岁、土著民族和贫困)、生活方式因素(如游泳、园艺和开放性皮肤伤口)和环境因素(包括季节性、暴雨和接触啮齿动物、牛和猪)共同作用的结果。这些岛屿可能采取的缓解策略包括:在地区层面加强疾病报告标准;在社区层面改善水安全、啮齿动物控制和猪舍管理;针对个人层面的感染因素开展宣传活动。相比之下,在新西兰,接触主要是职业性的,感染发生在肉类和农场工人身上。因此,干预措施可包括调整职业习惯和促进动物疫苗接种。鉴于疾病传播的复杂性和气候变化带来的未来挑战,需要在太平洋岛屿采取进一步行动控制钩端螺旋体病。
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引用次数: 0
Superspreading of SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review and meta-analysis of event attack rates and individual transmission patterns. SARS-CoV-2 的超级传播:事件发作率和个体传播模式的系统回顾和荟萃分析。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824000955
Clifton D McKee, Emma X Yu, Andrés Garcia, Jules Jackson, Aybüke Koyuncu, Sophie Rose, Andrew S Azman, Katie Lobner, Emma Sacks, Maria D Van Kerkhove, Emily S Gurley

SARS-CoV-2 superspreading occurs when transmission is highly efficient and/or an individual infects many others, contributing to rapid spread. To better quantify heterogeneity in SARS-CoV-2 transmission, particularly superspreading, we performed a systematic review of transmission events with data on secondary attack rates or contact tracing of individual index cases published before September 2021 prior to the emergence of variants of concern and widespread vaccination. We reviewed 592 distinct events and 9,883 index cases from 491 papers. A meta-analysis of secondary attack rates identified substantial heterogeneity across 12 chosen event types/settings, with the highest transmission (25-35%) in co-living situations including households, nursing homes, and other congregate housing. Among index cases, 67% reported zero secondary cases and only 3% (287) infected >5 secondary cases ("superspreaders"). Index case demographic data were limited, with only 55% of individuals reporting age, sex, symptoms, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) cycle threshold values, or total contacts. With the data available, we identified a higher percentage of superspreaders among symptomatic individuals, individuals aged 49-64 years, and individuals with over 100 total contacts. Addressing gaps in the literature regarding transmission events and contact tracing is needed to properly explain the heterogeneity in transmission and facilitate control efforts for SARS-CoV-2 and other infections.

SARS-CoV-2 超级传播发生在传播效率很高和/或一个人感染了许多其他人,从而导致快速传播的情况下。为了更好地量化 SARS-CoV-2 传播中的异质性,尤其是超级传播,我们对 2021 年 9 月之前发表的传播事件进行了系统性回顾,这些事件中包含了二次发病率数据或个别指数病例的接触追踪数据,当时还没有出现值得关注的变种和广泛的疫苗接种。我们审查了 491 篇论文中的 592 个不同事件和 9883 个指数病例。对二次发病率进行的荟萃分析发现,在 12 种选定的事件类型/环境中存在很大的异质性,在家庭、养老院和其他聚居地等共同生活环境中的传播率最高(25%-35%)。在指数病例中,67%报告的继发病例为零,只有3%(287例)感染了超过5个继发病例("超级传播者")。指数病例的人口统计学数据有限,只有 55% 的人报告了年龄、性别、症状、实时聚合酶链反应 (PCR) 周期阈值或总接触者。根据现有数据,我们发现有症状者、49-64 岁者和总接触次数超过 100 次者中超级传播者的比例较高。要正确解释传播的异质性并促进 SARS-CoV-2 和其他感染的控制工作,就必须填补传播事件和接触者追踪方面的文献空白。
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引用次数: 0
Spatio-temporal distributions of COVID-19 vaccine doses uptake in the Netherlands: a Bayesian ecological modelling analysis. 荷兰 COVID-19 疫苗接种剂量的时空分布:贝叶斯生态建模分析。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824001249
Haoyi Wang, Tugce Varol, Thomas Gültzow, Hanne M L Zimmermann, Robert A C Ruiter, Kai J Jonas

In the transitioning era towards the COVID-19 endemic, there is still a sizable population that has never been vaccinated against COVID-19 in the Netherlands. This study employs Bayesian spatio-temporal modelling to assess the relative chances of COVID-19 vaccination uptake - first, second, and booster doses - both at the municipal and regional (public health services) levels. Incorporating ecological regression modelling to consider socio-demographic factors, our study unveils a diverse spatio-temporal distribution of vaccination uptake. Notably, the areas located in or around the Dutch main urban area (Randstad) and regions that are more religiously conservative exhibit a below-average likelihood of vaccination. Analysis at the municipal level within public health service regions indicates internal heterogeneity. Additionally, areas with a higher proportion of non-Western migrants consistently show lower chances of vaccination across vaccination dose scenarios. These findings highlight the need for tailored national and local vaccination strategies. Particularly, more regional efforts are essential to address vaccination disparities, especially in regions with elevated proportions of marginalized populations. This insight informs ongoing COVID-19 campaigns, emphasizing the importance of targeted interventions for optimizing health outcomes during the second booster phase, especially in regions with a relatively higher proportion of marginalized populations.

在 COVID-19 流行的过渡时期,荷兰仍有相当一部分人从未接种过 COVID-19 疫苗。本研究采用贝叶斯时空模型来评估市级和地区级(公共卫生服务)COVID-19 疫苗接种(第一、第二和加强剂量)的相对机会。通过建立生态回归模型来考虑社会人口因素,我们的研究揭示了疫苗接种的不同时空分布。值得注意的是,位于荷兰主城区(Randstad)或其周边地区以及宗教信仰较为保守的地区的疫苗接种率低于平均水平。对公共卫生服务区域内市镇一级的分析表明存在内部异质性。此外,非西方移民比例较高的地区在各种接种剂量情况下的接种几率都较低。这些发现凸显了国家和地方制定有针对性的疫苗接种策略的必要性。尤其是在边缘化人口比例较高的地区,更多的地区性工作对于解决疫苗接种差异至关重要。这一见解为正在进行的 COVID-19 疫苗接种活动提供了参考,强调了在第二加强阶段采取有针对性的干预措施以优化健康结果的重要性,尤其是在边缘化人口比例相对较高的地区。
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引用次数: 0
Will COVID-19 become mild, like a cold? COVID-19 会像感冒一样变得温和吗?
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824001110
Patrick D Shaw Stewart

Several recent studies conclude that an increase in the pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 cannot be ruled out. However, it should be noted that SARS-CoV-2 is a 'direct' respiratory virus - meaning it is usually spread by the respiratory route but does not routinely pass through the lymphatics like measles and smallpox. Providing its tropism does not change, it will be unique if its pathogenicity does not decrease until it becomes similar to common cold viruses. Ewald noted in the 1980s that respiratory viruses may evolve mildness because their spread benefits from the mobility of their hosts. This review examines factors that usually lower respiratory viruses' severity, including heat sensitivity (which limits replication in the warmer lungs) and changes to the virus's surface proteins. Other factors may, however, increase pathogenicity, such as replication in the lymphatic system and spreading via solid surfaces or faecal matter. Furthermore, human activities and political events could increase the harmfulness of SARS-CoV-2, including the following: large-scale testing, especially when the results are delayed; transmission in settings where people are close together and not free to move around; poor hygiene facilities; and social, political, or cultural influences that encourage sick individuals to remain active, including crises such as wars. If we can avoid these eventualities, SARS-CoV-2 is likely to evolve to be milder, although the timescale is uncertain. Observations of influenza-like pandemics suggest it may take around two decades for COVID-19 to become as mild as seasonal colds.

最近的几项研究得出结论,不能排除 SARS-CoV-2 致病性增强的可能性。不过,应该指出的是,SARS-CoV-2 是一种 "直接 "呼吸道病毒--这意味着它通常通过呼吸途径传播,而不像麻疹和天花那样经常通过淋巴管传播。如果它的致病性不发生变化,其致病性就不会降低,直至与普通感冒病毒相似,这将是一种独特的病毒。埃瓦尔德在 20 世纪 80 年代指出,呼吸道病毒可能会进化出温和性,因为它们的传播得益于宿主的流动性。本综述探讨了通常会降低呼吸道病毒严重性的因素,包括热敏感性(限制在温暖的肺部复制)和病毒表面蛋白的变化。然而,其他因素可能会增加致病性,如在淋巴系统中复制以及通过固体表面或粪便传播。此外,人类活动和政治事件也可能增加 SARS-CoV-2 的危害性,其中包括:大规模检测,尤其是检测结果迟迟不出;在人与人之间距离很近、不能自由走动的环境中传播;卫生设施简陋;社会、政治或文化影响鼓励病人继续活动,包括战争等危机。如果我们能避免这些可能发生的情况,SARS-CoV-2 就有可能演变得更温和,尽管时间尺度还不确定。对类似流感大流行的观察表明,COVID-19 可能需要二十年左右的时间才能变得与季节性感冒一样温和。
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引用次数: 0
An outbreak associated with Escherichia albertii in a junior high school, China. 中国一所初中爆发白细胞埃希氏菌疫情。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824001341
Shiwang Huang, Qian Liu, Yezhen Fang, Hua Yu, Xi Yang, Jinfeng Hu, Yiyi Wang, Rui Tian, Yixiao Gao, Zhimin Ni, Yanwen Xiong

Escherichia albertii is an emerging foodborne enteropathogen associated with infectious diarrhoea in humans. In February 2023, an outbreak of acute gastroenteric cases was reported in a junior high school located in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, China. Twenty-two investigated patients presented diarrhoea (22/22, 100%), abdominal pain (21/22, 95.5%), nausea (6/22, 27.3%), and vomiting (3/22, 13.6%). E. albertii strains were successfully isolated from anal swabs collected from six patients. Each isolate was classified as sequence type ST2686, harboured eae-β gene, and carried both cdtB-I and cdtB-II subtypes, being serotyped as EAOg32:EAHg4 serotype. A comprehensive whole-genome phylogenetic analysis revealed that the six isolates formed a distinct cluster, separate from other strains. These isolates exhibited minimal genetic variation, differing from one another by 0 to 1 single nucleotide polymorphism, suggesting a common origin from a single clone. To the best of our knowledge, this represented the first reported outbreak of gastroenteritis attributed to E. albertii outside of Japan on a global scale.

白细胞埃希氏菌是一种新出现的食源性肠道病原体,与人类感染性腹泻有关。2023 年 2 月,中国浙江省杭州市一所初中爆发了急性肠胃炎病例。22名接受调查的患者出现腹泻(22/22,100%)、腹痛(21/22,95.5%)、恶心(6/22,27.3%)和呕吐(3/22,13.6%)。从六名患者的肛拭子中成功分离出了白喉杆菌菌株。每个分离株都被归类为序列类型 ST2686,携带 eae-β 基因,同时携带 cdtB-I 和 cdtB-II 亚型,血清型为 EAOg32:EAHg4 血清型。一项全面的全基因组系统发育分析表明,这六个分离株形成了一个独特的集群,与其他菌株分开。这些分离株的遗传变异极小,彼此间只有 0 至 1 个单核苷酸多态性差异,这表明它们共同起源于一个克隆。据我们所知,这是在全球范围内首次报告日本以外地区爆发白喉杆菌引起的肠胃炎。
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引用次数: 0
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Epidemiology and Infection
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