Environmental Technology & Innovation最新文献_第2页

Mitigation of odor emissions by replacing soybean meal with unconventional protein ingredients: Assessment via in vitro simulated fermentation 用非常规蛋白质成分代替豆粕减轻气味排放：通过体外模拟发酵进行评估

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Environmental Technology & Innovation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2026.104749

Ganlin Lv , Hao Fu , Yuhong Liao , Xinting Ma , Qiaoyun Chen , Qiang Han , Guanhong Li , Xionge Pi

To address the challenges of odor pollution from livestock farming and the need for resource conservation and reduced feed consumption, this study utilized an in vitro fermentation model to simulate the hindgut fermentation of fattening pigs. With soybean meal serving as the control, the impacts of eight unconventional protein feed ingredients—specifically defatted rice bran, peanut meal, two types of sesame meal, palm kernel meal, sunflower meal, dephenolic cottonseed protein, and corn gluten meal—on intestinal microbiota composition and metabolic activity were systematically evaluated. Fermentation end-products and gas emissions were quantified, and microbial community structure was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The palm kernel meal enhanced microbial diversity by enriching the Subdoligranulum and increased butyric acid production. The abundance of Lactobacillus enriched in the sesame meal-J was negatively correlated with the generation of H₂S and H₂, while Megasphaera and Streptococcus were positively correlated with the production of sulfur-containing gases and isovaleric acid. The microbial metabolic activity in the functional pathway of cysteine and methionine in the sesame meal-Q group increased by 60.4 %, positively regulating H₂S emissions. Through the regulatory framework of "nutrition-microbiota-odor emissions", this study revealed the mechanism by which unconventional protein feed ingredients regulate the gut microbiota of growing pigs to exert nutritional support and odor reduction effects. It provides a theoretical basis for the development of environmentally friendly feed and the reduction of soybean meal usage.

为解决畜牧业恶臭污染问题，节约资源和降低饲料消耗的需要，本研究采用体外发酵模型模拟育肥猪后肠发酵过程。以豆粕为对照，系统评价脱脂米糠、花生粕、两种芝麻粕、棕榈仁粕、葵花粕、脱酚棉籽蛋白和玉米蛋白粉8种非常规蛋白质饲料原料对饲粮肠道菌群组成和代谢活性的影响。对发酵终产物和气体排放进行量化，并利用16S rRNA基因测序分析微生物群落结构。棕榈仁粕通过丰富亚粒带和增加丁酸产量来增强微生物多样性。在芝麻粕- j中富集的乳酸杆菌丰度与H2S和H2的生成呈负相关，而Megasphaera和Streptococcus与含硫气体和异戊酸的产生呈正相关。芝麻粕- q组半胱氨酸和蛋氨酸功能通路微生物代谢活性提高60.4 %，正向调节H2S排放。本研究通过“营养-微生物-气味排放”的调控框架，揭示了非常规蛋白质饲料成分调控生长猪肠道微生物群发挥营养支持和减少气味作用的机制。为开发环境友好型饲料，减少豆粕用量提供了理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Mitigating soluble phosphorus loss in legacy phosphorus soils: Biosolids characterization and phosphorus-transformation studies 减轻遗留磷土壤中可溶性磷的损失：生物固体表征和磷转化研究

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Environmental Technology & Innovation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2025.104685

Gurpal S. Toor, Emileigh Lucas, Fajun Sun, Quin Zabel, Taylor Roswall, Zachary Kiedrowski, Danielle Pressley

Legacy phosphorus (P) from agricultural soils continues to leak into surface waters. We investigated how biosolids treated with metals (Fe, Al, and Ca) immobilize soluble P (water-extractable P, WEP) in soils while maintaining plant-available P (Mehlich 3-P, M3-P). Two complementary incubations (3–8 weeks; 25 °C) in non-legacy and legacy-P soils (M3-P: 58–139 mg kg⁻¹; 230–953 mg kg⁻¹) tracked WEP, M3-P, and M3-P saturation ratio (M3-PSR). Poultry litter and compost produced the largest WEP and the highest M3-P time-weighted means (TWM: 0.31 and 0.21 mg kg⁻¹ per kg of P), reflecting rapid P release. Fe/Al-treated biosolids (e.g., Bloom ±WTR)) showed small or negative WEP and lower M3-P TWM that declined with increasing application rate (0.12–0.04 mg kg⁻¹ from 1x to 4x). Thermo-hydrolyzed biosolid (low Fe) had a mid-range M3-P TWM (∼0.19 mg kg⁻¹) but the largest delta (Δ) over 8 weeks, consistent with sustained mineralization. WEP_i TWM was –0.002–0.027 across products; increasing Bloom rates reduced WEP_i TWM ( 0.007 to –0.0002 mg kg⁻¹) and Δ (–0.007 to –0.0005 mg kg⁻¹), confirming Fe/Al control of P solubility. M3-PSR changes mirrored product chemistry, with ΔPSR near zero for Bloom and minimal or negative for Fe/Al-treatments. Overall, Fe/Al-treated biosolids effectively reduced soluble P, while some products (e.g., thermo-hydrolyzed, lime-stabilized+WTR) gradually increased plant-available P. We suggest prioritizing Fe/Al-treated biosolids (±WTR) on legacy-P or sandy soils to immobilize soluble P, and applying labile materials (poultry litter, compost, thermo-hydrolyzed biosolids) in split doses on P-deficient soils, guided by M3-P, texture, WEPᵢ, and pH.

农业土壤中的遗留磷(P)继续泄漏到地表水中。我们研究了用金属（铁、铝和钙）处理的生物固体如何在保持植物有效磷（Mehlich 3-P, M3-P）的同时固定土壤中的可溶性磷（水可提取磷，WEP）。在非遗赠和遗赠p土壤（M3-P: 58-139 mg kg⁻¹；230-953 mg kg⁻¹）中进行的两次互补孵育（3-8周；25°C）追踪了WEP、M3-P和M3-P饱和比（M3-PSR）。禽畜垃圾和堆肥产生最大的WEP和最高的M3-P时间加权平均值（TWM: 0.31和0.21 mg kg kg / kg P），反映了P的快速释放。Fe/ al处理的生物固体（例如Bloom±WTR）显示出较小或负的WEP和较低的M3-P TWM，随着施毒量的增加而下降（0.12-0.04 mg kg⁻¹从1倍到4倍）。热水解的生物固体（低铁）有中等范围的M3-P TWM（~ 0.19 mg kg⁻¹），但最大的Δ （Δ）超过8周，与持续矿化一致。WEPi各产品间TWM值为- 0.002 ~ 0.027；增加Bloom速率降低了WEPi TWM（0.007至-0.0002 mg kg⁻¹）和Δ（-0.007至-0.0005 mg kg⁻¹），证实了Fe/Al对P溶解度的控制。M3-PSR的变化反映了产品的化学性质，Bloom处理的ΔPSR接近于零，Fe/ al处理的ΔPSR最小或为负。总体而言，铁/铝处理的生物固体有效地降低了可溶性磷，而一些产品（如热水解、石灰稳定+WTR）逐渐增加了植物速效磷。我们建议优先在遗留磷或沙质土壤上使用铁/铝处理的生物固体（±WTR）来固定可溶性磷，并根据M3-P、质地、WEP - l和pH指导，在缺磷土壤上分剂量施用不稳定材料（家禽粪便、堆肥、热水解生物固体）。

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引用次数: 0

A novel hybrid machine learning approach for biorefinery products in pesticide-rich wastewater 一种新的混合机器学习方法用于富农药废水中的生物炼制产品

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Environmental Technology & Innovation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2026.104758

Canberk Üngörmüş , Aytun Onay

Microalgae can produce products with high economic value within the scope of the biorefinery concept. In this study, machine learning (ML) approaches were used to enhance the production of carotenoids and biodiesel from Chlorella minutissima cultured in pesticide-contaminated wastewater, including malathion (Mal), chlorpyrifos (Chl), cypermethrin (Cyp), and atrazine (Atr). The highest carotenoid content reached 8.73 mg/g biomass under specific pesticide stress and cultivation conditions, while biodiesel production attained a maximum value of 139 % under a distinct parameter combination. The hybrid model exhibited strong predictive performance (R²:0.89–0.95), effectively reproducing the experimental responses for both carotenoid (Y₁, mg/g) and biodiesel (Y₂, %) outputs. Model interpretation using SHAP analysis indicated that Mal was the dominant factor influencing carotenoid accumulation, whereas biodiesel production was governed by a more intricate interaction involving Mal, Chl, and LI. Compared to conventional single-output modeling approaches, the proposed hybrid framework enables the simultaneous identification of high-yield operating regions for multiple products under multi-pesticide stress. These data driven observations are consistent with established stress-response mechanisms in microalgae and demonstrate the capacity of ML-based modeling to support informed decision-making in multi-product biorefinery systems operating under complex wastewater conditions. The proposed modeling approach therefore offers practical insight into balancing wastewater remediation with the sustainable production of high-value microalgal bioproducts.

在生物炼制概念的范围内，微藻可以生产具有高经济价值的产品。在这项研究中，使用机器学习（ML）方法来提高在杀虫剂污染的废水中培养的小球藻（Chlorella minutissima）的类胡萝卜素和生物柴油的产量，这些废水包括马拉硫磷（Mal）、毒死蜱（Chl）、氯氰菊酯（Cyp）和阿特拉津（Atr）。在特定的农药胁迫和栽培条件下，类胡萝卜素含量最高，达到8.73 mg/g生物量；在不同的参数组合下，生物柴油产量最高，达到139 %。该混合模型具有较强的预测性能（R²：0.89-0.95），有效地再现了类胡萝卜素（Y₁，mg/g）和生物柴油（Y₂，%）产量的实验响应。使用SHAP分析的模型解释表明，Mal是影响类胡萝卜素积累的主要因素，而生物柴油的生产则受到Mal、Chl和LI更复杂的相互作用的支配。与传统的单输出建模方法相比，所提出的混合框架能够在多种农药胁迫下同时识别多种产品的高产操作区域。这些数据驱动的观察结果与微藻中已建立的应力响应机制一致，并证明了基于ml的建模能够支持在复杂废水条件下运行的多产品生物炼制系统的明智决策。因此，提出的建模方法为平衡废水修复与高价值微藻生物产品的可持续生产提供了实际的见解。

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引用次数: 0

From risk to weapon: Composting transforms phytopathogen-contaminated vegetable waste into a sanitized and disease-suppressive fertilizer 从风险到武器：堆肥将植物病原体污染的蔬菜废物转化为消毒和抑制疾病的肥料

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Environmental Technology & Innovation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2025.104725

Y. Yang , J.Q. Liu , Y.X. Sun , Z. Xu , S.N. Dai , H. Sun , J. Zhang , L.R. Celi , X.H. Wu , Y.M. Li , R.X. Chang

The increase of vegetable cultivation areas and frequent plant diseases caused by continuous cropping have made the disposal of phytopathogen-contaminated vegetable waste a pressing problem that needs to be solved. The study carried out a composting experiment of Fusarium oxysporum - contaminated cucumber residues amended with sawdust, sugarcane bagasse, or Chinese herbal residues, in which pathogen concentration was 10⁴CFU/g. Pathogen presence did not disrupt the core biodegradation dynamics of the composting process. After 18 days of composting, the pathogens were effectively removed across all treatments. Sugarcane bagasse emerged as the optimal amendment, as it delivered an 85.47 % Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cucumerinum (FOC) removal rate and superior maturity (germination index, GI >80 %). Integrated multi-modal analytics revealed that carbon amendments regulate FOC suppression (83.33–85.47 %) via bacillus-mediated pathways and ammonia emissions, while pH governs GI through organic acid conversion. All treatments developed disease-suppressive microbiomes enriched with Bacillus, Aspergillus, and Penicillium, and also showed reduced occurrence of soil borne diseases. Network analyses confirmed functional redundancy despite pathogen-induced taxonomic shifts. This work establishes a circular economy paradigm where composting transforms phytopathogen-contaminated vegetable waste into a sanitized and disease-suppressive fertilizer.

蔬菜种植面积的增加和连作引起的植物病害的频繁发生，使得植物病原菌污染的蔬菜废弃物的处理成为迫切需要解决的问题。以木屑、甘蔗渣、中草药残渣为基料，以104CFU/g的致病菌浓度对黄瓜尖孢镰刀菌污染的黄瓜残体进行堆肥试验。病原体的存在并没有破坏堆肥过程的核心生物降解动力学。堆肥18天后，所有处理都有效地去除了病原体。甘蔗渣对黄瓜尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cucumerinum， FOC）的去除率为85.47 %，成熟度（萌发指数，GI >80 %）较优。综合多模态分析表明，碳修正通过杆菌介导的途径和氨排放调节FOC抑制（83.33-85.47 %），而pH通过有机酸转化调节GI。所有处理都产生了富含芽孢杆菌、曲霉和青霉的疾病抑制微生物群，并且还显示出土壤传播疾病的发生率降低。网络分析证实了功能冗余，尽管病原体引起的分类转移。这项工作建立了一个循环经济范式，其中堆肥将植物病原体污染的蔬菜废物转化为消毒和抑制疾病的肥料。

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引用次数: 0

Utilizing industrial waste for preparation of rGO-like carbon /TiO2 composites derived from cassava residue for counter electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells 利用工业废料制备由木薯渣衍生的rgo样碳/TiO2复合材料，用于染料敏化太阳能电池的对电极

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Environmental Technology & Innovation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2025.104703

Woranuch Sudthongkong , Sudarat Premsiripat , Nattakan Kanjana , Akkawat Ruammaitree , Orapan Saensuk , Poramed Wongjom , Yingyot Infahsaeng , Wasan Maiaugree

Industries utilizing cassava-derived products generate significant waste during production, including cassava residue (CR), yeast-fermented cassava residue (YCR), cassava peels (CPs), and yeast-fermented cassava peels (YCPs). Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was synthesized from these wastes to utilize this biomass while creating value-added materials, using a modified Hummers' method followed by reduction under nitrogen gas at 700 °C. rGO-like carbon was mixed with titanium dioxide (TiO₂) to enhance its properties and subsequently coated onto FTO glass substrates using a doctor blade. This composite material was specifically developed to serve as a counter electrode (CE) in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), providing a sustainable approach by valorizing cassava biomass for renewable energy devices. The DSSCs of champion cell based on rGO-like carbon/TiO₂ composite derived from cassava peels achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.86 %, with an open-circuit voltage (V_oc) of 0.76 V, a short-circuit current density (J_sc) of 15.80 mA/cm², and a fill factor (FF) of 0.57. The solar cell efficiency of rGO-like carbon/TiO₂ CE is comparable to that of a platinum (Pt) based device (6.68 %).

利用木薯衍生产品的工业在生产过程中产生大量废物，包括木薯渣（CR）、酵母发酵木薯渣（YCR）、木薯皮（CPs）和酵母发酵木薯皮（YCPs）。利用这些废物合成还原性氧化石墨烯（rGO），同时利用这些生物质创造增值材料，使用改进的Hummers方法，然后在700℃的氮气下还原。rGO类碳与二氧化钛（TiO2）混合以增强其性能，随后使用医生刀涂覆在FTO玻璃基板上。这种复合材料专门用于染料敏化太阳能电池（DSSCs）的对电极（CE），为可再生能源设备提供了一种可持续的方法，使木薯生物质增值。以木薯皮为原料制备的rgo样碳/TiO2复合材料制备的DSSCs的功率转换效率（PCE）为6.86 %，开路电压（Voc）为0.76 V，短路电流密度（Jsc）为15.80 mA/cm²，填充因子（FF）为0.57。rgo类碳/TiO2 CE的太阳能电池效率与铂基器件相当（6.68 %）。

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引用次数: 0

Sustainable approach to cobalt recycling: Levulinic acid leaching of waste lithium-ion battery cathode materials 钴回收的可持续方法：废锂离子电池正极材料的乙酰丙酸浸出

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Environmental Technology & Innovation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2025.104675

Himanshu Gupta , Soniya Dhiman , Pascal G. Stam , Savi Chaudhary , Ramaswamy Murugavel , N. Raveendran Shiju

The global consumption of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has increased significantly due to the widespread application of electronic devices and electric vehicles. These batteries contain valuable metals, among which cobalt is a critical component. As a strategic material, it is desirable to recover cobalt from spent LIBs, thereby reducing reliance on primary resources. This study presents a sustainable recycling method that utilizes levulinic acid, a biomass-derived organic acid, in combination with hydrogen peroxide for the recovery of cobalt, with analysis conducted via UV-Visible spectrophotometry. The process specifically targets cobalt recovery from the cathode material of waste LIBs sourced from mobile phones. Key experimental parameters including acid concentration, solid-to-liquid (S/L) ratio, reaction time and temperature were systematically optimized. Under optimal conditions of S/L ratio of 1:50 and 80 °C, over 92 % of the cobalt was successfully leached. Complete cobalt leaching was observed at an S/L ratio of 1:500, demonstrating the high leaching capability of the system. The results demonstrate that levulinic acid is both an efficient and environmentally benign leaching agent for critical metal recovery. This approach aligns with circular economy principles by utilizing a renewable, waste-derived leachant and offers a promising green pathway for LIB recycling.

由于电子设备和电动汽车的广泛应用，全球锂离子电池（LIBs）的消费量大幅增加。这些电池含有贵重金属，其中钴是一种关键成分。作为一种战略材料，从废lib中回收钴是可取的，从而减少对初级资源的依赖。本研究提出了一种可持续回收方法，利用乙酰丙酸（一种生物质衍生的有机酸）与过氧化氢结合回收钴，并通过紫外可见分光光度法进行分析。该工艺专门针对从手机废旧锂电池的正极材料中回收钴。对酸浓度、固液比、反应时间、温度等关键实验参数进行了系统优化。在S/L比为1:50、80℃的最佳条件下，钴的浸出率可达92% %以上。在S/L比为1:500时，观察到钴完全浸出，表明该系统具有较高的浸出能力。结果表明，乙酰丙酸是一种高效、环保的关键金属回收浸出剂。这种方法符合循环经济原则，利用可再生的废物衍生浸出液，为LIB回收提供了一条有前途的绿色途径。

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引用次数: 0

Identification of biobutanol-associated genes and pathway limitations in non-virulent Bacillus anthracis 3B1 through functional genome analysis and fermentation optimization 通过功能基因组分析和发酵优化鉴定无毒炭疽芽孢杆菌3B1生物丁醇相关基因及途径限制

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Environmental Technology & Innovation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2025.104687

Rosamond Chan , Nia Rossiana , Dedat Prismantoro , Abdullah Bilal Ozturk , Kah-Ooi Chua , Nurul Shamsinah Mohd Suhaimi , Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar , Febri Doni

Biobutanol is a promising biofuel alternative that addresses the energy crisis and reduces the environmental impact of fossil fuels. This study investigates the metabolic potential of Bacillus anthracis 3B1, isolated from rice cultivated under the system of rice intensification (SRI). As a facultative anaerobe, Bacillus anthracis 3B1 may offer greater metabolic flexibility and higher tolerance to butanol compared to strictly anaerobic Clostridium. Further gene annotation revealed that the genome of B. anthracis 3B1 lacks virulence genes such as pag, cya, and lef, indicating that the strain is non-virulent. The study integrates descriptive, exploratory, and experimental approaches by combining whole genome sequencing with the screening of various fermentation factors to optimize biobutanol yields and fermentation efficiency, supporting its application in sustainable bioenergy solutions. Functional genome analysis revealed key genes and enzymes involved in butanol biosynthesis. Annotation using the Rapid Annotations using Subsystems Technology (RAST) platform identified a butanol biosynthesis subsystem. Further functional annotation through Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG), Gene Ontology (GO), and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) via eggNOG-mapper indicated the presence of genes encoding butanol-related enzymes, although KEGG analysis suggested an incomplete pathway. Despite these genomic indicators, no butanol was detected under the tested fermentation conditions. However, the strain produced metabolites such as propanol, ethanol, acetoin, carbon dioxide, and acetic acid. Fermentation experiments showed up to 72.57 % glucose consumption and a 0.5 pH drop, indicating active metabolism. These findings suggest that optimizing fermentation or metabolic engineering may be needed to realize B. anthracis 3B1 butanol potential.

生物丁醇是一种很有前途的生物燃料替代品，可以解决能源危机，减少化石燃料对环境的影响。研究了水稻强化栽培体系下分离的炭疽芽孢杆菌3B1的代谢潜能。作为兼性厌氧菌，与严格厌氧的梭菌相比，炭疽芽孢杆菌3B1可能具有更大的代谢灵活性和对丁醇的耐受性。进一步的基因注释显示，炭疽芽胞杆菌3B1基因组缺乏pag、cya和left等毒力基因，表明该菌株无毒力。该研究将描述、探索和实验相结合，通过全基因组测序和各种发酵因子的筛选来优化生物丁醇产量和发酵效率，支持其在可持续生物能源解决方案中的应用。功能基因组分析揭示了参与丁醇生物合成的关键基因和酶。利用快速标注子系统技术（Rapid Annotations using subsystem Technology， RAST）平台进行标注，确定了丁醇生物合成子系统。通过eggNOG-mapper，通过同源群集群（COG）、基因本体（GO）和京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）进行进一步的功能注释，发现存在编码丁醇相关酶的基因，尽管KEGG分析表明途径不完整。尽管有这些基因组指标，但在测试的发酵条件下没有检测到丁醇。然而，该菌株产生代谢物，如丙醇、乙醇、乙酰、二氧化碳和乙酸。发酵实验显示葡萄糖消耗量高达72.57 %，pH值下降0.5 ，表明代谢活跃。这些发现表明，可能需要优化发酵或代谢工程来实现炭疽芽孢杆菌3B1的丁醇潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Two-stage inoculation of partially antagonistic Bacillus sp. strains improves imidacloprid pesticide degradation and humic acid formation during vegetable waste composting 两阶段接种部分拮抗芽孢杆菌提高了蔬菜废弃物堆肥过程中吡虫啉农药的降解和腐植酸的形成

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Environmental Technology & Innovation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2025.104704

Yajun Duan , Guohui Ning , Weizhe Li , Xue Wang , Jiahui Li , Mingyue Qi , Xiaomin Wang , Yali Huang , Jianfeng Xu , Cunpeng Zhao , Zhixin Yang , Yubo Wang

While phased inoculation has been demonstrated to accelerate compost maturation, its potential effects on detoxifying pesticide-laden vegetable waste remains to be demonstrated. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of two-stage inoculation on composting imidacloprid (IMI)-spiked vegetable waste, employing four lignocellulose-degrading Bacillus strains from our strain collection. In IMI-containing mineral salt medium, B. stratosphericus strain M1, B. licheniformis strain Q1, B. subtilis strain QK, and B. altitudinis strain F11 were all individually capable to degrade the pesticide, in decreasing order, with removal efficiencies between 51 % and 10 %. A combined mixture M, used as a first inoculum for composting, excluded strain F11, due to antagonistic growth effects. After 7 days of composting, a secondary inoculation with strain F11 was applied. This two-stage inoculation (MF) enhanced IMI degradation compared to the non-inoculated control and single-stage inoculation with M, reducing IMI half-life by 8.7 days and 1.5 days, respectively. When composting was complete, MF had achieved 81 % IMI degradation, with exogenous bacteria contributing 77 % of the removal efficiency, 63 % higher than the M treatment. Additionally, MF increased the final humic acid content and polymerization degree by 17 % and 25 %, respectively, compared to M treatment, while reducing the fulvic acid content. Multiple linear regression confirmed that fulvic acid content and IMI residue concentrations were significant factors affecting humic acid content in inoculated treatments. This study shows that two-stage inoculation can provide dual benefits of accelerating vegetable waste composting and detoxifying pesticide residues, offering an efficient strategy for sustainable agricultural waste management.

虽然分阶段接种已被证明可以加速堆肥的成熟，但其对含有农药的蔬菜废物解毒的潜在影响仍有待证明。本研究的目的是利用我们收集的4株木质纤维素降解芽孢杆菌菌株，确定两阶段接种对吡虫啉（IMI）添加蔬菜废弃物堆肥的效果。在含imi无机盐培养基中，平流层芽孢杆菌M1、地衣芽孢杆菌Q1、枯草芽孢杆菌QK、高原芽孢杆菌F11对农药的降解效率依次递减，去除率在51 % ~ 10 %之间。组合混合物M作为堆肥的第一接种物，由于拮抗生长作用，将菌株F11排除在外。堆肥7 d后，再次接种菌株F11。与未接种对照和单阶段接种M相比，两阶段接种（MF）增强了IMI的降解，IMI半衰期分别缩短了8.7天和1.5天。堆肥完成后，MF对IMI的降解率达到81 %，其中外源细菌的去除效率为77 %，比M处理高63 %。此外，与M处理相比，MF处理使最终腐植酸含量和聚合度分别提高了17 %和25 %，同时降低了黄腐酸含量。多元线性回归证实，黄腐酸含量和IMI残留浓度是影响接种处理腐植酸含量的显著因素。本研究表明，两阶段接种具有加速蔬菜废弃物堆肥和去除农药残留的双重效益，为农业废弃物的可持续管理提供了有效的策略。

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引用次数: 0

Eutrophication leads to production and accumulation of recalcitrant dissolved organic matter in an urban-agricultural wetland 富营养化导致城市-农业湿地中难治性溶解有机质的产生和积累

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Environmental Technology & Innovation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2026.104766

Xiaoya Lin , Jiajun Xu , Ting Wang , Randy A. Dahlgren , Lanyue Feng , Wenli Qin , Qinglong Liang , Zhixia Qin , Zengling Ma , Liyin Qu

Over 30 % of global wetlands are threatened due to eutrophication driven by anthropogenic activities that alter dissolved organic matter (DOM) concentrations and composition, and profoundly influence wetland carbon budgets. However, the fate of eutrophication-derived DOM and its ultimate contribution to wetland carbon cycling remain unclear. To address this gap, we conducted a two-year monthly investigation of water quality and DOM optical properties (absorbance and fluorescence) in a eutrophic, urban-agricultural wetland. Dissolved organic carbon increased from spring to summer in both years and was significantly correlated with TLI, TN, COD and Chl a, indicating that eutrophication contributed to the organic carbon pool through both sewage inputs and algal production. Moreover, the loss of protein-like C3, together with a significant negative correlation between microbial humic-like C2 and DO, suggested that microbial deoxygenation transformed eutrophication-derived bio-labile DOM into recalcitrant DOM (RDOM) during summer. In winter, lower temperatures limited microbial carbon transformations, and together with continuous sewage inputs, contributed to an increase in protein-like C3. Concomitantly, RDOM removal through particle adsorption-sedimentation and/or photodegradation exceeded its accumulation during winter. Machine learning analyses suggested that microbial transformation explained 39.1–41.2 % of the variations in humic-like components, surpassing terrestrial inputs, sewage sources and algal production (2.1–31.6 %). Therefore, microbial transformations are considered the dominant driver of wetland RDOM formation. Although eutrophication has negative effects on wetland ecosystems, our findings highlight its potential to enhance carbon sequestration if sewage and algae are effectively managed.

超过30% %的全球湿地由于人类活动导致的富营养化而受到威胁，这些富营养化改变了溶解有机物（DOM）的浓度和组成，并深刻影响了湿地的碳收支。然而，富营养化衍生的DOM的命运及其对湿地碳循环的最终贡献尚不清楚。为了解决这一差距，我们对一个富营养化的城市-农业湿地的水质和DOM光学特性（吸光度和荧光）进行了为期两年的月度调查。溶解有机碳在春夏季呈增加趋势，且与TLI、TN、COD和Chl a呈显著相关，说明富营养化通过污水输入和藻类生产对有机碳库进行了贡献。此外，蛋白质样C3的丢失以及微生物腐殖质样C2与DO呈显著负相关，表明夏季微生物脱氧将富营养化衍生的生物活性DOM转化为顽固性DOM （RDOM）。在冬季，较低的温度限制了微生物的碳转化，加上持续的污水输入，导致了蛋白质样C3的增加。同时，通过颗粒吸附沉降和/或光降解去除的RDOM在冬季超过了其积累。机器学习分析表明，微生物转化解释了39.1-41.2 %的腐殖质样成分变化，超过了陆地输入、污水来源和藻类生产（2.1-31.6 %）。因此，微生物转化被认为是湿地RDOM形成的主要驱动力。虽然富营养化对湿地生态系统有负面影响，但我们的研究结果强调，如果污水和藻类得到有效管理，富营养化有可能增强碳固存。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing ecological functions of Taxodium hybrid plantations in the Dianchi Lake riparian zone: A case study on nitrogen and phosphorus removal 滇池河岸紫杉杂交人工林增强生态功能——以脱氮除磷为例

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Environmental Technology & Innovation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2026.104792

Qian Li , Rui Liu , Yu Wang , Kun Wang , Wei Ma , Hua Zhang , Dasong Lin , Hairui Li

Riparian plantations of Taxodium hybrid ‘Zhongshanshan’ (hereafter Zhongshanshan) have been widely established along the shoreline of Dianchi Lake (Southwest China) as eco-engineering buffers to intercept non-point source nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). However, nutrient retention under contrasting hydrological regimes and its governing controls remain poorly constrained. We compared two representative Zhongshanshan stands: a seasonally flooded site with wet–dry alternation (LWM) and a permanently flooded site under continuous inundation (LYH). Surface (0–15 cm) and subsoil (30–50 cm) soils were sampled along the runoff pathway from the inflow side toward the lake. Both stands showed clear declines in total nitrogen (TN) along the transect, with mean reductions of ∼28.9 % (LWM) and ∼39.4 % (LYH), and LYH also exhibited substantial total phosphorus (TP) removal (up to ∼36.5 %). In contrast, ammonium-N (NH₄⁺-N), nitrate-N (NO₃⁻-N), and available phosphorus (AP) occasionally increased toward the lakeward edge, indicating potential secondary release hotspots. Spearman correlations and redundancy analysis suggested that ferric iron (Fe³⁺) was the strongest correlate of N and P attenuation under seasonal flooding, whereas soil organic matter was the key predictor under permanent inundation. Concurrent shifts in bacterial community structure, including elevated relative abundance of Bacillus asahii, were associated with nutrient accumulation or depletion patterns. Our results highlight the importance of hydrology-adapted buffer design and management; moderate planting density (avoiding overly dense stands), a mixed tree–shrub–herb understorey, and ∼3 m × 3 m spacing are recommended to enhance nutrient interception and support eutrophication mitigation in plateau lakes such as Dianchi Lake.

作为截流非点源氮(N)和磷(P)的生态工程缓冲带，在滇池岸线广泛建立了紫杉属杂交植物“中山山”（以下简称“中山山”）河岸人工林。然而，在不同的水文制度及其控制下，营养物质的保留仍然缺乏约束。我们比较了两种具有代表性的中山山林分：一种是干湿交替的季节性淹没场地（LWM），另一种是连续淹没的永久性淹没场地（LYH）。表层土壤（0-15 cm）和底土（30-50 cm）沿径流路径从流入侧向湖泊取样。两个林分都显示出沿样带的总氮（TN）明显下降，平均减少了~ 28.9 % （LWM）和~ 39.4 % (LYH)， LYH也显示出大量的总磷（TP）去除（高达~ 36.5% %）。相反，铵态氮（NH₄⁺-N）、硝酸盐n （NO₃⁻-N）和有效磷（AP）偶尔会向湖边增加，这表明潜在的二次释放热点。Spearman相关和冗余分析表明，铁+ （Fe³+）是季节性洪水下N和P衰减的最强相关性，而土壤有机质是永久性洪水下N和P衰减的关键预测因子。细菌群落结构的同步变化，包括朝日芽孢杆菌相对丰度的升高，与养分积累或消耗模式有关。我们的研究结果强调了适应水文的缓冲区设计和管理的重要性；建议适度的种植密度（避免过度密集的林分）、乔灌木草本混合林下植被和~ 3 m × 3 m的间距，以加强滇池等高原湖泊的养分截留和支持富营养化缓解。

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引用次数: 0