Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-3-44-49
V. I. Sergevnin, S. M. Ratnikova, N. G. Zueva, M. V. Rozhkova
Relevance. Employees of medical organizations (MO), by virtue of their official duties, are at the group risk of morbidity of a new coronavirus infection.Aim. Evaluation of the manifestations of the COVID-19 epidemic process and the epidemiological effectiveness of the use of the Gam-Covid-Vac vaccine among employees of a multy-speciality medical organization.Materials and methods. The incidence of COVID-19 among the staff of MO was studied for the period from March 2020 to December 2021. The latent epidemic process was evaluated avccording to the results of routine serological examination of employees for antibodies of classes IgM and IgG to SARS-CoV-2. The epidemiological effectiveness of immunoprevention was determined by comparing the incidence with the coverage of employees who has a completed course of vaccination.Results. During the study period, 47.7% of employees of medical organizations had a clinically apparent form of COVID-19. In addition, according to the results of a routine serological examination, it turned out that 46.5% of employees had a subclinical form of infection. An increased level of morbidity was observed in the autumn period. The incidence of medical workers was in 2.2 times higher than other employees, medical staff of the hospital – in 1.7 times higher than polyclinics. The epidemic process was more intense in the group of nurses than doctors and junior medical staff. The epidemiological efficacy of the Gam-Covid-Vac during the first months of using vaccine has been established. Vaccinated people have a more mild course of COVID-19 in comparison with unvaccinated people.Conclusion. In this way, the main manifestations of the COVID-19 epidemic process in employees of a multy-speciality medical organization were identified and the epidemiological effectiveness of the Gam-Covid-Vac vaccine in the first months of using vaccine was established
{"title":"Assessment of the Epidemic Process of COVID-19 Manifestations and the Epidemiological Efficacy of the Vaccine Gam-Covid-Vac Among Employees of a Multi-Speciality Medical Organization","authors":"V. I. Sergevnin, S. M. Ratnikova, N. G. Zueva, M. V. Rozhkova","doi":"10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-3-44-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-3-44-49","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Employees of medical organizations (MO), by virtue of their official duties, are at the group risk of morbidity of a new coronavirus infection.Aim. Evaluation of the manifestations of the COVID-19 epidemic process and the epidemiological effectiveness of the use of the Gam-Covid-Vac vaccine among employees of a multy-speciality medical organization.Materials and methods. The incidence of COVID-19 among the staff of MO was studied for the period from March 2020 to December 2021. The latent epidemic process was evaluated avccording to the results of routine serological examination of employees for antibodies of classes IgM and IgG to SARS-CoV-2. The epidemiological effectiveness of immunoprevention was determined by comparing the incidence with the coverage of employees who has a completed course of vaccination.Results. During the study period, 47.7% of employees of medical organizations had a clinically apparent form of COVID-19. In addition, according to the results of a routine serological examination, it turned out that 46.5% of employees had a subclinical form of infection. An increased level of morbidity was observed in the autumn period. The incidence of medical workers was in 2.2 times higher than other employees, medical staff of the hospital – in 1.7 times higher than polyclinics. The epidemic process was more intense in the group of nurses than doctors and junior medical staff. The epidemiological efficacy of the Gam-Covid-Vac during the first months of using vaccine has been established. Vaccinated people have a more mild course of COVID-19 in comparison with unvaccinated people.Conclusion. In this way, the main manifestations of the COVID-19 epidemic process in employees of a multy-speciality medical organization were identified and the epidemiological effectiveness of the Gam-Covid-Vac vaccine in the first months of using vaccine was established","PeriodicalId":11736,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82486340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-3-14-25
E. Glushkova, A. Brazhnikov, S. V. Krasnova, L. Glazovskaya, A. Savkina, N. Nikitin, V. A. Korshunov, N. Briko
Relevance. In recent decades, large outbreaks of scarlet fever have been reported in European and Asian countries. Severe forms of the infection have become more frequent and the number of complications has also increased.Aim. To assess the incidence of scarlet fever in the Russian Federation using the official statistical sources, to identify the clinical features of scarlet fever among adults.Materials and methods. Analysis of the level and dynamics of the long-term incidence of scarlet fever in the entire population and among different age groups in Russia from 1890 to 2021 was performed based on the data of annual statistical forms. A clinical and epidemiological descriptive retrospective census study was conducted using data from the case histories of patients diagnosed with “scarlet fever” in The Infectious Disease Clinical Hospital No. 2 Moscow Healthcare Department from 2010 to 2022.Results. Three major cycles (40-50 years) can be distinguished in the long term with regard to incidence. In 1986, the rise in incidence was noted after 30 years since the previous one and it was less intensive. In the first cycle, rates increased gradually over almost 10 years beginning from 1891. In subsequent years, the incidence remained high (220-280 per 100,000), decreasing markedly to 50-60 per 100,000 population only by 1917-1918. The second cycle, from 1918 to 1942, was characterized by increasing rates (up to 462 per 100,000 population). In the third cycle (1946 - 1981), incidence rate reached a peak by 1955 (531.8 per 100,000 population), and started to gradually decrease afterwards. There were cycles lasting 3–6 years in in this period The fourth cycle (1982-1991) was not so large. In recent years (2007–2021), the incidence decreased 7.3 times (from 45.4 to 6.2 per 100 thousand). The average incidence rate during this period was 29.8 per 100 thousand. In 2022, the incidence of streptococcal infection increased 2.8 times (including scarlet fever – 3 times). The incidence increases were observed in the group 0-14 years and 14 and older (from 298,2 to 34,1 and from1,6 to 0,1respectively). As in the previous years (fourth cycle), children aged 3-6 years were the main contributors to the incidence of scarlet fever (the average incidence rate – 452,1 per 100,000). The average age of patients admitted to the hospital was 24 years (18–45 years). There was an increase in the average age of patients since 2017. During the study period, the number of hospitalized adults with scarlet fever decreased by half. In most cases (98.56%) the patients had a moderate condition at admission and only 3 had a severe condition (1.44%). The most common comorbid diagnoses were ENT-organs infections (9%), urinary tract infections (3.35%) and Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome (2.87%). Scarlet fever had a complicated course of infection in 19 patients (9.09%). In the treatment were used cephalosporin (52.63%) and penicillin (41.63%).Conclusions. This study demonstrated a stable dow
{"title":"Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Scarlet Fever in Russia","authors":"E. Glushkova, A. Brazhnikov, S. V. Krasnova, L. Glazovskaya, A. Savkina, N. Nikitin, V. A. Korshunov, N. Briko","doi":"10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-3-14-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-3-14-25","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. In recent decades, large outbreaks of scarlet fever have been reported in European and Asian countries. Severe forms of the infection have become more frequent and the number of complications has also increased.Aim. To assess the incidence of scarlet fever in the Russian Federation using the official statistical sources, to identify the clinical features of scarlet fever among adults.Materials and methods. Analysis of the level and dynamics of the long-term incidence of scarlet fever in the entire population and among different age groups in Russia from 1890 to 2021 was performed based on the data of annual statistical forms. A clinical and epidemiological descriptive retrospective census study was conducted using data from the case histories of patients diagnosed with “scarlet fever” in The Infectious Disease Clinical Hospital No. 2 Moscow Healthcare Department from 2010 to 2022.Results. Three major cycles (40-50 years) can be distinguished in the long term with regard to incidence. In 1986, the rise in incidence was noted after 30 years since the previous one and it was less intensive. In the first cycle, rates increased gradually over almost 10 years beginning from 1891. In subsequent years, the incidence remained high (220-280 per 100,000), decreasing markedly to 50-60 per 100,000 population only by 1917-1918. The second cycle, from 1918 to 1942, was characterized by increasing rates (up to 462 per 100,000 population). In the third cycle (1946 - 1981), incidence rate reached a peak by 1955 (531.8 per 100,000 population), and started to gradually decrease afterwards. There were cycles lasting 3–6 years in in this period The fourth cycle (1982-1991) was not so large. In recent years (2007–2021), the incidence decreased 7.3 times (from 45.4 to 6.2 per 100 thousand). The average incidence rate during this period was 29.8 per 100 thousand. In 2022, the incidence of streptococcal infection increased 2.8 times (including scarlet fever – 3 times). The incidence increases were observed in the group 0-14 years and 14 and older (from 298,2 to 34,1 and from1,6 to 0,1respectively). As in the previous years (fourth cycle), children aged 3-6 years were the main contributors to the incidence of scarlet fever (the average incidence rate – 452,1 per 100,000). The average age of patients admitted to the hospital was 24 years (18–45 years). There was an increase in the average age of patients since 2017. During the study period, the number of hospitalized adults with scarlet fever decreased by half. In most cases (98.56%) the patients had a moderate condition at admission and only 3 had a severe condition (1.44%). The most common comorbid diagnoses were ENT-organs infections (9%), urinary tract infections (3.35%) and Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome (2.87%). Scarlet fever had a complicated course of infection in 19 patients (9.09%). In the treatment were used cephalosporin (52.63%) and penicillin (41.63%).Conclusions. This study demonstrated a stable dow","PeriodicalId":11736,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85964481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-3-36-43
A. Sorokin, M. V. Solovyov, K. P. Raevsky, E. Voskresenskaya, G. L. Kokorina, E. Bogumilchik
Relevance. This study is related to the study of the etiology, pathogenesis and clinic of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). In a number of patients with IBD who are refractory to anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressive therapy, there are signs of current or transferred yersiniosis infection, not diagnosed by routine methods.Aim. According to the scientific literature and the results of our own research, to identify the presence and assess the nature of the influence of yersinia on the occurrence and development of IBD.Materials Methods. In our study, we conducted a bacteriological examination of feces by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in patients with a diagnosis of IBD (UC and CD) in the acute phase (MMDAI ≥ 4 points for UC and Best index ≥ 150 points for CD), as well as immunological diagnostics using enzyme immunoassay (IFA) in the version of line-blotting (IB). Using the results obtained, clinical and instrumental semiotics were evaluated in subgroups of individuals suffering from IBD with confirmed yersiniosis ("IBD+ IER+") and without it ("IBC+ IER–"). We also assessed the role of intestinal infection by determining the effectiveness of initial antibacterial therapy in the treatment of exacerbation of IBD.Results. A significant part (in the case of our sample – 45%) of patients with IBD, when examined by high-tech methods, demonstrate the presence of markers of a transferred or current yersiniosis infection. Its role in the initiation and development of autoimmune intestinal inflammatory process requires further clarification.Conclusions. In 45% of patients with IBD, high-precision examination reveals markers of transferred or current yersiniosis infection. Routine clinical methods for the diagnosis of yersiniosis have low sensitivity and do not allow us to convincingly assess the role of this bacterial agent as a trigger factor for the onset or recurrence of IBD. There is a tendency for greater manifestation in the debut of IBD in patients with markers of systemic yersiniosis. The fact of improvement against the background of empirical antibacterial therapy in 24% of patients with IBD, achievement of early clinical remission in 57% of patients receiving antibiotic therapy, indicates a significant role of bacterial enterocolopathogens in the genesis of chronic intestinal inflammation in a number of patients.
{"title":"Diagnostic markers of yersiniosis in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases","authors":"A. Sorokin, M. V. Solovyov, K. P. Raevsky, E. Voskresenskaya, G. L. Kokorina, E. Bogumilchik","doi":"10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-3-36-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-3-36-43","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. This study is related to the study of the etiology, pathogenesis and clinic of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). In a number of patients with IBD who are refractory to anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressive therapy, there are signs of current or transferred yersiniosis infection, not diagnosed by routine methods.Aim. According to the scientific literature and the results of our own research, to identify the presence and assess the nature of the influence of yersinia on the occurrence and development of IBD.Materials Methods. In our study, we conducted a bacteriological examination of feces by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in patients with a diagnosis of IBD (UC and CD) in the acute phase (MMDAI ≥ 4 points for UC and Best index ≥ 150 points for CD), as well as immunological diagnostics using enzyme immunoassay (IFA) in the version of line-blotting (IB). Using the results obtained, clinical and instrumental semiotics were evaluated in subgroups of individuals suffering from IBD with confirmed yersiniosis (\"IBD+ IER+\") and without it (\"IBC+ IER–\"). We also assessed the role of intestinal infection by determining the effectiveness of initial antibacterial therapy in the treatment of exacerbation of IBD.Results. A significant part (in the case of our sample – 45%) of patients with IBD, when examined by high-tech methods, demonstrate the presence of markers of a transferred or current yersiniosis infection. Its role in the initiation and development of autoimmune intestinal inflammatory process requires further clarification.Conclusions. In 45% of patients with IBD, high-precision examination reveals markers of transferred or current yersiniosis infection. Routine clinical methods for the diagnosis of yersiniosis have low sensitivity and do not allow us to convincingly assess the role of this bacterial agent as a trigger factor for the onset or recurrence of IBD. There is a tendency for greater manifestation in the debut of IBD in patients with markers of systemic yersiniosis. The fact of improvement against the background of empirical antibacterial therapy in 24% of patients with IBD, achievement of early clinical remission in 57% of patients receiving antibiotic therapy, indicates a significant role of bacterial enterocolopathogens in the genesis of chronic intestinal inflammation in a number of patients.","PeriodicalId":11736,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91356260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-3-50-56
M. Yermalovich, V. Kolodkina, E. Samoilovich, G. Semeiko, A. O. Mikhalenko
Relevance. Serological studies play an important role in assessing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and formation of post-infection and post-vaccination immune response.The Aims aim of the study was a comparative assessment of seroprevalence and concentration of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 at 3–6 months after infection or vaccination.Materials & Methods. For the presence of total IgM and IgG antibodies to RBD fragment of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein, the blood sera of 1331 people aged 18-70 years were examined, of which 334 had COVID-19 3–6 months before the study, 305 did not have COVID-19 and were vaccinated (using Sputnik V, Russia, or Sinopharm, PRC) 3–6 months before the study, 692 people were not ill and were not vaccinated. A quantitative assessment of IgG antibodies to the full-size S-protein of SARS-CoV-2 was performed for 435 samples.Results. The proportion of seropositive individuals 3–6 months after COVID-19 or after vaccination did not differ: 92.5% and 93.8% of the corresponding group had antibodies. Among the non-ill and unvaccinated, 45.7% also had specific antibodies, which indicates a high level of asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2. The group of vaccinated was also examined immediately before the introduction of the vaccine, and 39.7% of them already had specific antibodies due to asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2. The median concentration of antibodies in the group of COVID-19 was statistically significantly higher than in asymptomatically infected (50.9 AE/ml versus 29.1 AE/ml). The largest proportion of seropositive individuals (100.0%) and the highest concentration of antibodies (110 AE/ml) were detected in the group of vaccinated who had pre-existing antibodies.Conclusion. Infection with the SARS-CoV-2 is characterized by a high frequency of subclinical course. Asymptomatic infection induced a weaker immune response compared to symptomatic COVID-19 or vaccination. Hybrid immunity caused by natural infection with SARS-CoV-2 and subsequent vaccination was the most persistent and pronounced.
{"title":"Postinfectious and Postvaccinal Humoral Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 in Adults: Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment","authors":"M. Yermalovich, V. Kolodkina, E. Samoilovich, G. Semeiko, A. O. Mikhalenko","doi":"10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-3-50-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-3-50-56","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Serological studies play an important role in assessing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and formation of post-infection and post-vaccination immune response.The Aims aim of the study was a comparative assessment of seroprevalence and concentration of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 at 3–6 months after infection or vaccination.Materials & Methods. For the presence of total IgM and IgG antibodies to RBD fragment of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein, the blood sera of 1331 people aged 18-70 years were examined, of which 334 had COVID-19 3–6 months before the study, 305 did not have COVID-19 and were vaccinated (using Sputnik V, Russia, or Sinopharm, PRC) 3–6 months before the study, 692 people were not ill and were not vaccinated. A quantitative assessment of IgG antibodies to the full-size S-protein of SARS-CoV-2 was performed for 435 samples.Results. The proportion of seropositive individuals 3–6 months after COVID-19 or after vaccination did not differ: 92.5% and 93.8% of the corresponding group had antibodies. Among the non-ill and unvaccinated, 45.7% also had specific antibodies, which indicates a high level of asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2. The group of vaccinated was also examined immediately before the introduction of the vaccine, and 39.7% of them already had specific antibodies due to asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2. The median concentration of antibodies in the group of COVID-19 was statistically significantly higher than in asymptomatically infected (50.9 AE/ml versus 29.1 AE/ml). The largest proportion of seropositive individuals (100.0%) and the highest concentration of antibodies (110 AE/ml) were detected in the group of vaccinated who had pre-existing antibodies.Conclusion. Infection with the SARS-CoV-2 is characterized by a high frequency of subclinical course. Asymptomatic infection induced a weaker immune response compared to symptomatic COVID-19 or vaccination. Hybrid immunity caused by natural infection with SARS-CoV-2 and subsequent vaccination was the most persistent and pronounced.","PeriodicalId":11736,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91287105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-3-57-63
R. V. Polibin, A. V. Lomonosova, E. Glushkova, A. G. Chigir, M. Pugachev, G. N. Hohlov, I. S. Bakutin
Relevance. Osteoporosis is a multifactorial disease with a high level of disability, which is a serious health problem worldwide. High prevalence and disability rates are associated not only with the peculiarities of the course of this pathology, but also with the untimely diagnosis and initiation of therapy. Therefore, it is extremely relevant to search for specific and accessible markers of osteoporosis, such as molecular genetic markers or single-nucleotide polymorphisms, analysis of which will help identify risk factors for disease development before clinical symptoms manifest during patient examinations.Aims. This study is aimed at finding risk factors for the development of HCG in patients with gastritis and the relationship of polymorphisms of various genes with the development of this pathology.Materials and methods. A search was made for the association with osteoporosis of singlenucleotide polymorphisms of the genes: COL1A1, CYP2R1, ESR1, LCT, LRP5, VDR in residents of the Russian Federation (n = 669). Polymorphic markers of candidate genes were selected for research based on the presence of associations with osteoporosis according to previously conducted studies published in the RSCI, PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, Scopus databases, as well as on the results of monitoring polymorphisms included in the panels of genetic predisposition to osteoporosis of companies engaged in genetic testing in the Russian Federation. Two groups were formed for the study: the main (case) – 234 patients with an established diagnosis of Osteoporosis, the control – 435 patients selected using a random number generator from conditionally healthy individuals from the Basis Genomic Group database (Basis Genomics LLC). The groups were comparable in age and gender (p > 0.05).Statistical analysis was carried out using the StatTech v. 3.1.6. program (developed by Stattech LLC, Russia). The nature of the distribution of quantitative data was checked by the Shapiro-Wilk, Kolmogorov-Smirnov criteria, the statistical significance of differences in 2 independent groups was assessed using the Mann-Whitney U-test. The ꭓ2 Pearson criterion was used to evaluate the associations of alleles of selected genes with the risk of osteoporosis.Results and discussions. Analysis of the maps of 669 patients showed that for residents of the Russian Federation, the polymorphism rs3736228 of the LRP5 gene can be used as a genetic marker of osteoporosis, since there were significant differences in the frequency of occurrence of CT and TT allele variants in the group of patients with osteoporosis and in the control group. Results of studies of single-nucleotide polymorphisms COL1A1_rs1800012_G/T, CYP2R1_rs10741657_A/G, ESR1_rs2234693_C/T, ESR1_rs9340799_A/G, LCT_rs4988235_C/T, VDR_rs1544410_A/G, VDR_rs2228570_C/T in residents of the Russian Federation The federations did not show significant differences between the groups, therefore, in the future, the results of studies of these polymor
的相关性。骨质疏松症是一种多因素致残率高的疾病，是世界范围内严重的健康问题。高患病率和致残率不仅与这种病理过程的特殊性有关，而且与不及时的诊断和开始治疗有关。因此，寻找特异性和可获得的骨质疏松标志物，如分子遗传标记或单核苷酸多态性，对其进行分析将有助于在患者检查时出现临床症状之前确定疾病发展的危险因素。本研究旨在发现胃炎患者HCG发展的危险因素，以及各种基因多态性与该病理发展的关系。材料和方法。在俄罗斯联邦居民(n = 669)中，对COL1A1、CYP2R1、ESR1、LCT、LRP5、VDR等基因的单核苷酸多态性与骨质疏松症的关系进行了研究。根据先前发表在RSCI、PubMed、Web of Science、MEDLINE、Scopus数据库上的研究，以及俄罗斯联邦从事基因检测的公司的骨质疏松遗传易感小组中包含的多态性监测结果，选择候选基因的多态性标记进行与骨质疏松相关的研究。研究分为两组:主要组(病例组)为234例确诊为骨质疏松症的患者，对照组为435例患者，从Basis基因组组数据库(Basis Genomics LLC)中随机抽取健康个体。两组年龄、性别具有可比性(p > 0.05)。使用StatTech v. 3.1.6进行统计分析。程序(由Stattech LLC，俄罗斯开发)。定量数据的分布性质采用Shapiro-Wilk、Kolmogorov-Smirnov标准进行检验，2个独立组间差异的统计学显著性采用Mann-Whitney u检验。采用ꭓ2 Pearson标准评价所选基因的等位基因与骨质疏松风险的相关性。结果和讨论。对669例患者的图谱分析表明，在俄罗斯联邦居民中，LRP5基因多态性rs3736228可作为骨质疏松症的遗传标记，骨质疏松症患者组与对照组CT和TT等位基因变异的发生频率存在显著差异。俄罗斯联邦居民COL1A1_rs1800012_G/T、CYP2R1_rs10741657_A/G、ESR1_rs2234693_C/T、ESR1_rs9340799_A/G、LCT_rs4988235_C/T、VDR_rs1544410_A/G、VDR_rs2228570_C/T的单核苷酸多态性研究结果在组间未显示出显著性差异，因此，未来对这些多态性研究结果评估患者骨质疏松风险时应谨慎评估。根据对俄罗斯联邦居民进行的研究结果，在俄罗斯联邦患者中，骨质疏松症风险候选基因中的八个等位基因中只有一个显示出显著的关系。研究表明，LRP5基因的TT和CT多态性rs3736228的变异是骨质疏松症的危险基因型。
{"title":"Analysis of Molecular Genetic Markers of Osteoporosis in Residents of the Russian Federation","authors":"R. V. Polibin, A. V. Lomonosova, E. Glushkova, A. G. Chigir, M. Pugachev, G. N. Hohlov, I. S. Bakutin","doi":"10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-3-57-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-3-57-63","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Osteoporosis is a multifactorial disease with a high level of disability, which is a serious health problem worldwide. High prevalence and disability rates are associated not only with the peculiarities of the course of this pathology, but also with the untimely diagnosis and initiation of therapy. Therefore, it is extremely relevant to search for specific and accessible markers of osteoporosis, such as molecular genetic markers or single-nucleotide polymorphisms, analysis of which will help identify risk factors for disease development before clinical symptoms manifest during patient examinations.Aims. This study is aimed at finding risk factors for the development of HCG in patients with gastritis and the relationship of polymorphisms of various genes with the development of this pathology.Materials and methods. A search was made for the association with osteoporosis of singlenucleotide polymorphisms of the genes: COL1A1, CYP2R1, ESR1, LCT, LRP5, VDR in residents of the Russian Federation (n = 669). Polymorphic markers of candidate genes were selected for research based on the presence of associations with osteoporosis according to previously conducted studies published in the RSCI, PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, Scopus databases, as well as on the results of monitoring polymorphisms included in the panels of genetic predisposition to osteoporosis of companies engaged in genetic testing in the Russian Federation. Two groups were formed for the study: the main (case) – 234 patients with an established diagnosis of Osteoporosis, the control – 435 patients selected using a random number generator from conditionally healthy individuals from the Basis Genomic Group database (Basis Genomics LLC). The groups were comparable in age and gender (p > 0.05).Statistical analysis was carried out using the StatTech v. 3.1.6. program (developed by Stattech LLC, Russia). The nature of the distribution of quantitative data was checked by the Shapiro-Wilk, Kolmogorov-Smirnov criteria, the statistical significance of differences in 2 independent groups was assessed using the Mann-Whitney U-test. The ꭓ2 Pearson criterion was used to evaluate the associations of alleles of selected genes with the risk of osteoporosis.Results and discussions. Analysis of the maps of 669 patients showed that for residents of the Russian Federation, the polymorphism rs3736228 of the LRP5 gene can be used as a genetic marker of osteoporosis, since there were significant differences in the frequency of occurrence of CT and TT allele variants in the group of patients with osteoporosis and in the control group. Results of studies of single-nucleotide polymorphisms COL1A1_rs1800012_G/T, CYP2R1_rs10741657_A/G, ESR1_rs2234693_C/T, ESR1_rs9340799_A/G, LCT_rs4988235_C/T, VDR_rs1544410_A/G, VDR_rs2228570_C/T in residents of the Russian Federation The federations did not show significant differences between the groups, therefore, in the future, the results of studies of these polymor","PeriodicalId":11736,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85406422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-10DOI: 10.31631/2073-30462023-22-2-79-85
V. Sergevnin, O. V. Tukacheva
Relevance. The incidence of HIV-associated tuberculosis (HIV/TB) continues to rise.The aim of the work is to study the manifestations of the epidemic process of TB in HIV-infected people in comparison with a general population.Materials and methods. The manifestations of TB incidence were studied among people living with HIV and HIV-negative population of the Perm Region and the Russian Federation for the period 2005–2021. The incidence of HIV/TB was calculated relative to all residents of the study area, the incidence of TB among HIV-infected - relative to the number of PLHIV, the incidence of TB among HIV-negative – relative to the total number of residents minus PLHIV. Comparative assessment of morbidity rates was carried out by calculating Students parametric test.Results. The epidemic process of TB among HIV-infected people was in ten times more intensive than among HIVnegative people. The increase in the incidence of HIV/TB has been observed in recent years (2005–2021) against the background of the intensification of the epidemic process of HIV infection and a decrease in the incidence TB in the absence of HIV infection. TB among HIV-infected and HIV-negative people was registered more often among adults than children, and mainly among men. The ncidence of HIV-infected TB was higher among the urban population, while the intensity of the epidemic process of TB among HIV-negative, on the contrary, is higher among rural residents. In recent years, there has been a redistribution of the incidence of HIV/TB towards older age groups of population.
{"title":"Manifestations of the Epidemic Process of Tuberculosis among HIV-infected in Comparison with the General Population","authors":"V. Sergevnin, O. V. Tukacheva","doi":"10.31631/2073-30462023-22-2-79-85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-30462023-22-2-79-85","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The incidence of HIV-associated tuberculosis (HIV/TB) continues to rise.The aim of the work is to study the manifestations of the epidemic process of TB in HIV-infected people in comparison with a general population.Materials and methods. The manifestations of TB incidence were studied among people living with HIV and HIV-negative population of the Perm Region and the Russian Federation for the period 2005–2021. The incidence of HIV/TB was calculated relative to all residents of the study area, the incidence of TB among HIV-infected - relative to the number of PLHIV, the incidence of TB among HIV-negative – relative to the total number of residents minus PLHIV. Comparative assessment of morbidity rates was carried out by calculating Students parametric test.Results. The epidemic process of TB among HIV-infected people was in ten times more intensive than among HIVnegative people. The increase in the incidence of HIV/TB has been observed in recent years (2005–2021) against the background of the intensification of the epidemic process of HIV infection and a decrease in the incidence TB in the absence of HIV infection. TB among HIV-infected and HIV-negative people was registered more often among adults than children, and mainly among men. The ncidence of HIV-infected TB was higher among the urban population, while the intensity of the epidemic process of TB among HIV-negative, on the contrary, is higher among rural residents. In recent years, there has been a redistribution of the incidence of HIV/TB towards older age groups of population.","PeriodicalId":11736,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89507786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-10DOI: 10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-2-86-94
N. Nikolaev, V. V. Nazarova, N. N. Pchelova, E. Preobrazhenskaya, T. Tarasova, N. Y. Dobrovol’skaya
Relevance. In the 21st century, humanity is faced with a pandemic unprecedented in recent history, which brought with it huge losses. All the efforts of world science are aimed at ensuring that the new coronavirus infection becomes vaccine-controlled. The Ministry of Health of Russia included vaccination against COVID-19 in the national calendar of preventive vaccinations. The most vulnerable and significant in the epidemiological chain are representatives of socially active, intensively communicating professions, including medical workers.Aims. The aim of the study was to assess the degree of severity of the post-vaccination immune response in employees of a medical organization vaccinated with the Gam-COVID-Vac preparation, who had not been ill and did not have antibodies before vaccination.Materials & Methods. The post-vaccination immunity of 80 vaccinated employees was assessed 42–62 days after the start of vaccination and 6 months later; assessment of the safety of vaccination with the Gam-Kovid-Vak vector vaccine; selection of optimal screening tests for laboratory examination of persons before the planned vaccination. The results of the PCR test for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA (at the post-vaccination stage four times with an interval of 7 days) and the determination of M and G immunoglobulins to SARS-CoV-2 by the ELISA method were analyzed, postvaccination complications and reactions were assessed at different stages, monitoring the state of health and assessing the dynamics of the post-vaccination immune response.Results. A study conducted after 6 weeks showed the high immunological efficacy of the Gam-Covid-Vac vaccine; 100% of those vaccinated with one or two components of the vaccine had class G antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. Vaccination did not cause severe reactions during the observation period; among the side effects, general complaints and local pains at the injection site prevailed, which were of a short-term nature and did not have a significant impact on the health status and habitual rhythm of life of the participants. The resistance of those vaccinated to a new coronavirus infection decreased over time and amounted to 97.1% three months after vaccination and 95.6% after 6 months. COVID-19 disease in vaccinated employees (7.4% of cases of the number of vaccinated) was of moderate severity, did not lead to the development of pneumonia and respiratory failure, and did not require hospitalization.Conclusions. The results obtained allow us to conclude that the effectiveness of vaccination against COVID-19 is quite high. Revaccination is well tolerated clinically and «amplifies» the immune response when exposed to SARS-CoV-2. Immunization of employees of medical organizations is necessary, because. this focus group is the most epidemiologically potentially dangerous in terms of the spread of infection.
{"title":"About the Results of Vaccination against COVID-19 for Employees of a Cheboksary Medical Organization","authors":"N. Nikolaev, V. V. Nazarova, N. N. Pchelova, E. Preobrazhenskaya, T. Tarasova, N. Y. Dobrovol’skaya","doi":"10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-2-86-94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-2-86-94","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. In the 21st century, humanity is faced with a pandemic unprecedented in recent history, which brought with it huge losses. All the efforts of world science are aimed at ensuring that the new coronavirus infection becomes vaccine-controlled. The Ministry of Health of Russia included vaccination against COVID-19 in the national calendar of preventive vaccinations. The most vulnerable and significant in the epidemiological chain are representatives of socially active, intensively communicating professions, including medical workers.Aims. The aim of the study was to assess the degree of severity of the post-vaccination immune response in employees of a medical organization vaccinated with the Gam-COVID-Vac preparation, who had not been ill and did not have antibodies before vaccination.Materials & Methods. The post-vaccination immunity of 80 vaccinated employees was assessed 42–62 days after the start of vaccination and 6 months later; assessment of the safety of vaccination with the Gam-Kovid-Vak vector vaccine; selection of optimal screening tests for laboratory examination of persons before the planned vaccination. The results of the PCR test for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA (at the post-vaccination stage four times with an interval of 7 days) and the determination of M and G immunoglobulins to SARS-CoV-2 by the ELISA method were analyzed, postvaccination complications and reactions were assessed at different stages, monitoring the state of health and assessing the dynamics of the post-vaccination immune response.Results. A study conducted after 6 weeks showed the high immunological efficacy of the Gam-Covid-Vac vaccine; 100% of those vaccinated with one or two components of the vaccine had class G antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. Vaccination did not cause severe reactions during the observation period; among the side effects, general complaints and local pains at the injection site prevailed, which were of a short-term nature and did not have a significant impact on the health status and habitual rhythm of life of the participants. The resistance of those vaccinated to a new coronavirus infection decreased over time and amounted to 97.1% three months after vaccination and 95.6% after 6 months. COVID-19 disease in vaccinated employees (7.4% of cases of the number of vaccinated) was of moderate severity, did not lead to the development of pneumonia and respiratory failure, and did not require hospitalization.Conclusions. The results obtained allow us to conclude that the effectiveness of vaccination against COVID-19 is quite high. Revaccination is well tolerated clinically and «amplifies» the immune response when exposed to SARS-CoV-2. Immunization of employees of medical organizations is necessary, because. this focus group is the most epidemiologically potentially dangerous in terms of the spread of infection.","PeriodicalId":11736,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86659535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-10DOI: 10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-2-55-65
N. V. Vlasenko, T. A. Loscutova, K. Mironov, A. Esman, E. Dunaeva, T. Semenenko, D. B. Dubodelov, M. Korabelnikova, Z. Ponezheva, V. Makashova, K. Omarova, A. V. Sacuk, G. Solopova, S. Kuzin, V. Akimkin
Relevance. The identification of determinants of the human genome, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), in association with various disease patterns, including infectious diseases, is one of the most actively developing areas of scientific research in the world.. Hepatitis C (HC), which remains a serious global health problem, belongs to the number of infections that attract the attention of specialists.Aims. Determination of genetic markers of hepatitis C virus (HCV) natural elimination and assessment of their role as a monitoring parameter of the epidemiological surveillance system.Materials and methods. The study included 660 people divided into 2 groups: persons with chronic HC (CHC) and blood donors (indicator group of the healthy population). In the studied groups, the following SNPs were typed: rs1143634, rs1143627 (IL-1B); rs4251961, rs419598 (IL1RN); rs1800795 (IL6); rs1800896 (IL-10); rs4986790 (TLR4); rs4374383 (MERTK). The associative relationship between SNPs and CHC alleles was identified using logistic regression analysis within four models (codominant, dominant, recessive, and overdominant). Additionally, the significance of polymorphisms at the intragenic and intergenic levels was assessed using modern bioinformatic resources in the field of functional genomics.Results. In this study, genotypes associated with the natural elimination of HCV were identified. Paired combinations of IL 1RA/IL-1B genotypes associated with the probability of the formation of CHC have been established. It is shown that synonymous SNPs can be associated with any characteristics of the pathological process, which can be explained by disequilibrium in coupling with functionally significant alleles of other genetic loci.Conclusion. The detection of the association of SNPs with clinical manifestations of the pathological process is not final and requires further study taking into account ONP coupling groups.
{"title":"Genetic Factors for the Natural Elimination of Hepatitis C Virus","authors":"N. V. Vlasenko, T. A. Loscutova, K. Mironov, A. Esman, E. Dunaeva, T. Semenenko, D. B. Dubodelov, M. Korabelnikova, Z. Ponezheva, V. Makashova, K. Omarova, A. V. Sacuk, G. Solopova, S. Kuzin, V. Akimkin","doi":"10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-2-55-65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-2-55-65","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The identification of determinants of the human genome, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), in association with various disease patterns, including infectious diseases, is one of the most actively developing areas of scientific research in the world.. Hepatitis C (HC), which remains a serious global health problem, belongs to the number of infections that attract the attention of specialists.Aims. Determination of genetic markers of hepatitis C virus (HCV) natural elimination and assessment of their role as a monitoring parameter of the epidemiological surveillance system.Materials and methods. The study included 660 people divided into 2 groups: persons with chronic HC (CHC) and blood donors (indicator group of the healthy population). In the studied groups, the following SNPs were typed: rs1143634, rs1143627 (IL-1B); rs4251961, rs419598 (IL1RN); rs1800795 (IL6); rs1800896 (IL-10); rs4986790 (TLR4); rs4374383 (MERTK). The associative relationship between SNPs and CHC alleles was identified using logistic regression analysis within four models (codominant, dominant, recessive, and overdominant). Additionally, the significance of polymorphisms at the intragenic and intergenic levels was assessed using modern bioinformatic resources in the field of functional genomics.Results. In this study, genotypes associated with the natural elimination of HCV were identified. Paired combinations of IL 1RA/IL-1B genotypes associated with the probability of the formation of CHC have been established. It is shown that synonymous SNPs can be associated with any characteristics of the pathological process, which can be explained by disequilibrium in coupling with functionally significant alleles of other genetic loci.Conclusion. The detection of the association of SNPs with clinical manifestations of the pathological process is not final and requires further study taking into account ONP coupling groups.","PeriodicalId":11736,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85641837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-10DOI: 10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-2-117-123
N. Omelchenko, I. A. Ivanova, O. V. Duvanova, E. S. Shipko, A. Filippenko, A. Trufanova
Relevance. The process of production of outer membrane vesicles by bacteria is the main mechanism in intercellular communication and an intermediary in relationships of a very different nature (symbiosis, commensalism and parasitism), therefore, the study of the role of vesicles in the pathogenesis and immunogenesis of bacteria is an important and timely task.Aims. The purpose of this research was the analysis of scientific publications Russian and foreign journals for the period from 2002 to 2021 from the bibliographic databases of eLibrary.Ru, PubMed®, MEDLINE, dedicated to vesicles of outer membranes formed in various types of pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria.Conclusion. The study of the structure, factors of formation, functional significance of the mechanisms of action of bacterial vesicles, as well as the role of these structures in the pathogenesis and immunogenesis of various diseases, including especially dangerous ones, makes it possible to create new preventive drugs based on them. The use of vesicles as means of delivery of biological drugs and various antigens opens up new opportunities for improving the therapy and prevention of infections.
{"title":"Features of Biogenesis of Vesicles of External Membranes of Microorganisms, theirImmunogenic, Protective and Adjuvant Ability","authors":"N. Omelchenko, I. A. Ivanova, O. V. Duvanova, E. S. Shipko, A. Filippenko, A. Trufanova","doi":"10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-2-117-123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-2-117-123","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The process of production of outer membrane vesicles by bacteria is the main mechanism in intercellular communication and an intermediary in relationships of a very different nature (symbiosis, commensalism and parasitism), therefore, the study of the role of vesicles in the pathogenesis and immunogenesis of bacteria is an important and timely task.Aims. The purpose of this research was the analysis of scientific publications Russian and foreign journals for the period from 2002 to 2021 from the bibliographic databases of eLibrary.Ru, PubMed®, MEDLINE, dedicated to vesicles of outer membranes formed in various types of pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria.Conclusion. The study of the structure, factors of formation, functional significance of the mechanisms of action of bacterial vesicles, as well as the role of these structures in the pathogenesis and immunogenesis of various diseases, including especially dangerous ones, makes it possible to create new preventive drugs based on them. The use of vesicles as means of delivery of biological drugs and various antigens opens up new opportunities for improving the therapy and prevention of infections.","PeriodicalId":11736,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76379551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-10DOI: 10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-2-95-102
A. Lubimova, N. V. Satosova, R. V. Kitsbabashvili
Relevance. In 2020, there was a unique situation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and the anti-epidemic measures introduced in this regard. To date, the question of how these methods affect the spread of other infectious diseases, including salmonellosis, has not been studied.Target. To assess the impact of anti-epidemic measures during the COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemic process of salmonella infection in St. Petersburg.Materials and methods. Reporting form No. 2 of Rospotrebnadzor «Information on infectious and parasitic diseases» for 2018–2020 and data from the State report «On the state of sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population in St. Petersburg in 2019», «On the state of sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population in St. Petersburg in 2020». Data processing was carried out using Microsoft Excel (Microsoft®, USA), Statistica for Windows (StatSoft®, USA) with the determination of the level of significance (p), the calculation of confidence intervals (95% CI) was carried out in the EpiTools application.Results. The incidence of salmonellosis in 2020 was significantly lower than in the previous 2 years 28.86 (95% CI 27.45–30.34) per 100 ths population, and in 2019 and 2018 – 49.8 (95% CI 47.9–51.7) and 39.21 (95% CI 37.6– 40.9) per 100 ths of the population respectively. When analyzing the incidence of salmonellosis in 1995 to 2020, it was revealed that in 2020 the incidence rate was the lowest over the past 25 years and below the multi-year average (37 per 100 ths population) in St. Petersburg by 22%. A decrease in the incidence of salmonellosis was observed in 2020 and in the Russian Federation as a whole compared to 2019, the indicator increased 1.6 times and amounted to 14.71 per 100 ths rubles. population (multi-year average – 29.1). In 2020, there was a change in the intra-annual incidence of salmonellosis. While the peak incidence of salmonellosis persisted in the autumn period (September–October), in 2020 there was no characteristic rise in the spring period, as was observed in 2018 and 2019, which may be due to the spring lockdown (p = 0.03). The decrease in the incidence of salmonellosis was due to a significant decrease in the incidence among adults, while this was not observed in other age groups. In 2018–2020, diseases in the population were caused by 61 serotypes of Salmonella: in 2018 – 33, in 2019 – 32, and in 2020 – 39 serotypes. During the pandemic, the decrease in the incidence of salmonellosis was due to the decrease in the incidence caused by S. Enteritis, which in 2020 amounted to 19.91 (95% CI 18.73-21.14) per 100 thousand population, while in 2019 – 39, 01 (95% CI 37.4–40.7) and in 2018 – 31.24 (95% CI 29.8–32.8) per 100 ths population. At the same time, the decrease in the incidence rate was a decrease in the incidence rate among adults, while in other age groups no changes in the incidence rate were observed. The incidence due to other salmonella serotypes did not change. There were no
的相关性。2020年，新冠肺炎大流行及其防控措施带来了独特的局面。迄今为止，这些方法如何影响包括沙门氏菌病在内的其他传染病的传播还没有得到研究。目的评价新冠肺炎大流行期间采取的防疫措施对圣彼得堡市沙门氏菌感染流行过程的影响。材料和方法。Rospotrebnadzor《2018-2020年传染病和寄生虫病信息》第2号报告表以及国家报告《2019年圣彼得堡人口卫生和流行病学状况》、《2020年圣彼得堡人口卫生和流行病学状况》中的数据。使用Microsoft Excel (Microsoft®，USA)、Statistica for Windows (StatSoft®，USA)进行数据处理，并确定显著性水平(p)，计算可信区间(95% CI)。2020年沙门氏菌病的发病率显著低于前两年的每百人28.86例(95% CI 27.45-30.34)，而2019年和2018年分别为每百人49.8例(95% CI 47.9-51.7)和39.21例(95% CI 37.6 - 40.9)。在分析1995年至2020年沙门氏菌病的发病率时，发现2020年圣彼得堡的发病率是过去25年来最低的，比多年平均值(每百人37例)低22%。与2019年相比，2020年和整个俄罗斯联邦的沙门氏菌病发病率有所下降，该指标增加了1.6倍，达到每100卢布14.71例。人口(多年平均值- 29.1)。2020年，沙门氏菌病的年度发病率发生了变化。虽然沙门氏菌病的发病率高峰持续在秋季(9月至10月)，但与2018年和2019年观察到的情况一样，2020年春季没有出现特征性上升，这可能是由于春季封锁(p = 0.03)。沙门氏菌病发病率的下降是由于成人发病率的显著下降，而在其他年龄组中没有观察到这种情况。2018 - 2020年，人群中的疾病由61种血清型沙门氏菌引起:2018 - 33、2019 - 32和2020 - 39种血清型。在大流行期间，沙门氏菌病发病率的下降是由于肠炎引起的发病率下降，2020年为每10万人19.91例(95% CI 18.73-21.14)，而2019年为每100万人39.01例(95% CI 37.4-40.7)， 2018年为每100万人31.24例(95% CI 29.8-32.8)。同时，发病率的下降是成年人发病率的下降，而在其他年龄组发病率没有变化。其他血清型沙门氏菌的发病率没有变化。沙门氏菌病的发病率在性别和年龄上无显著差异。2020年大流行期间采取的措施减少了成人中肠炎沙门氏菌病的发病率，从而降低了圣彼得堡沙门氏菌病的发病率。
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