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Adiabatic collapse of non-homogeneous self-gravitating gas cloud 非均匀自引力气体云的绝热坍缩
4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 Physics and Astronomy
EPL
Pub Date : 2023-10-25 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad06ee
Francisco Eugenio Mendonca da Silveira
Abstract In this letter, we find the critical mass of a self-gravitating, spherically symmetric gas cloud, above which the fluid, within the bubble, collapses. Our analysis departs from a non-homogeneous equilibrium density, satisfying the Boltzmann relation. A time scale is defined in terms of the adiabatic index of the gas. Subsequently, a sinusoidal perturbation around equilibrium is regarded, thereby leading to a dispersion relation of frequency with wavelength, which does not depend on geometrical curvature effects. Such a formulation clearly justifies that the collapse occurs much faster than predicted by the well-known Jeans approach. The equilibrium profiles of the density, gravitational field, and potential are obtained as functions of the spherical radius coordinate at marginal instability. Since our theory captures the essential physics of gravitational collapse, it can be used as the starting point for several advancements in galactic dynamics.
在这封信中,我们发现了一个自引力的球对称气体云的临界质量,在此之上,气泡内的流体会坍缩。我们的分析从非均匀平衡密度出发,满足玻尔兹曼关系。时间尺度是根据气体的绝热指数来定义的。随后,考虑平衡周围的正弦扰动,从而导致频率与波长的色散关系,该关系不依赖于几何曲率效应。这样的公式清楚地证明,坍缩发生的速度比著名的金斯方法预测的要快得多。得到了密度、重力场和势在边缘不稳定状态下作为球半径坐标的函数的平衡曲线。由于我们的理论抓住了引力坍缩的基本物理原理,它可以作为银河系动力学若干进展的起点。
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引用次数: 0
Uncertainty relations for the relativistic Jackiw-Nair nyon: A first principles derivation 相对论Jackiw-Nair粒子的不确定性关系:第一性原理推导
4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 Physics and Astronomy
EPL
Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad0670
Joydeep Majhi, Subir Ghosh
Abstract In this paper we have explicitly computed the $position-position$ and $position-momentum$ (Heisenberg) Uncertainty Relations for the model of relativistic particles with arbitrary spin, proposed by Jackiw and Nair cite{jn} as a model for Anyon, in a purely quantum mechanical framework. This supports (via Schwarz inequality) the conjecture that anyons live in a 2-dimensional {it{noncommutative}} space. We have computed the non-trivial uncertainty relation between anyon coordinates, ${sqrt{Delta x^2Delta y^2}}=hbarbar{Theta}_{xy}$, using the recently constructed anyon wave function cite{jan}, in the framework of cite{bel}. We also compute the Heisenberg (position-momentum) uncertainty relation for anyons. Lastly we show that the identical {it{formalism}} when applied to electrons, yield a trivial position uncertainty relation, consistent with their living in a 3-dimensional commutative space.
本文在纯量子力学框架下,明确计算了Jackiw和Nair cite{jn}提出的任意自旋相对论粒子模型的$position-position$和$position-momentum$ (Heisenberg)不确定性关系。这支持了(通过施瓦茨不等式)任何子都生活在二维{it{noncommutative}}空间中的猜想。我们利用最近构造的任意子波函数cite{jan},在cite{bel}的框架中计算了任意子坐标${sqrt{Delta x^2Delta y^2}}=hbarbar{Theta}_{xy}$之间的非平凡不确定性关系{it{formalism}}。我们还计算了任意子的海森堡(位置-动量)不确定性关系。最后,我们表明,当应用于电子时,产生一个平凡的位置不确定性关系,与它们在三维交换空间中的生活一致。
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引用次数: 0
Spin-orbit interactions (SOI's) related to super-symmetry and pseudo-super-symmetry: Time reversed Cl 3(R) generators and T-pseudo-hermiticity 与超对称和伪超对称相关的自旋轨道相互作用(SOI’s):时间反转cl3 (R)发生器和t -伪荷米性
4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 Physics and Astronomy
EPL
Pub Date : 2023-10-11 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad025c
Arindam Chakraborty
Abstract A class of Hamiltonians involving various Spin-Orbit Interactions (SOI's) have been
constructed from suitable choices of supercharges involving components of linear momenta and
spin. A set of T -pseudo-Hermitian extensions of those Hamiltonians have been introduced. In
one such example, two different non-trivial pairs of supercharges corresponding to the same model
have been observed.
摘要:通过适当选择包含线性动量和自旋分量的超荷,构造了一类包含各种自旋-轨道相互作用(SOI)的哈密顿量。这些哈密顿量的一组T -伪厄米扩展已经被引入。在一个这样的例子中,已经观察到两个不同的非平凡的增压对对应于相同的模型。
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引用次数: 0
Is the public goods game a chaotic system? 公共产品博弈是一个混沌系统吗?
4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 Physics and Astronomy
EPL
Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad01d9
Dionisio Bazeia, Miguel J. B. Jorge Bernabe Ferreira, Breno Ferraz de Oliveira
Abstract This work deals with the time evolution of the Hamming distance density for the public goods game. We consider two typical distinct possibilities, which are exactly described by q-exponential functions, suggesting that the system belongs to the class of weakly-chaotic systems.&#xD;
摘要本文研究了公共物品博弈中汉明距离密度的时间演化。我们考虑了两种典型的截然不同的可能性,它们由q指数函数精确描述,表明系统属于弱混沌系统。
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引用次数: 0
Stochastic analysis of chemical reactions in multi-component interacting systems at criticality 临界时多组分相互作用系统化学反应的随机分析
4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 Physics and Astronomy
EPL
Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/acff15
Reda Tiani, Uwe C. Tauber
Abstract We numerically and analytically investigate the behavior of a non-equilibrium phase transition in the second Schlögl autocatalytic reaction scheme. Our model incorporates both an interaction-induced phase separation and a bifurcation in the reaction kinetics, with these critical lines coalescing at a bicritical point in the macroscopic limit. We construct a stochastic master equation for the reaction processes to account for the presence of mutual particle interactions in a thermodynamically consistent manner by imposing a generalized detailed balance condition, which leads to exponential corrections for the transition rates. In a non-spatially extended (zero-dimensional) setting, we treat the interactions in a mean-field approximation, and introduce a minimal model that encodes the physical behavior of the bicritical point and permits the exact evaluation of the anomalous scaling for the particle number fluctuations in the thermodynamic limit. We obtain that the system size scaling exponent for the particle number variance changes from at the standard non-interacting bifurcation to at the interacting bicritical point. The methodology developed here provides a generic route for the quantitative analysis of fluctuation effects in chemical reactions occurring in multi-component interacting systems.
摘要本文用数值方法和解析方法研究了第二种Schlögl自催化反应方案中非平衡相变的行为。我们的模型结合了反应动力学中相互作用诱导的相分离和分岔,这些临界线在宏观极限的双临界点处合并。我们构建了反应过程的随机主方程,通过施加一个广义的详细平衡条件,以热力学一致的方式解释粒子相互作用的存在,这导致了跃迁速率的指数修正。在非空间扩展(零维)设置中,我们以平均场近似处理相互作用,并引入最小模型,该模型对双临界点的物理行为进行编码,并允许对热力学极限下粒子数波动的异常标度进行精确评估。得到了粒子数方差的系统尺寸标度指数从标准非相互作用分岔处到相互作用双临界点处的变化。本文开发的方法为定量分析多组分相互作用体系中化学反应的波动效应提供了一种通用途径。
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引用次数: 0
Double-gradient seismic metamaterials with zero-frequency bandgap characteristic in a layered soil medium 层状土介质中具有零频带隙特性的双梯度地震超材料
4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 Physics and Astronomy
EPL
Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad04ee
Nannan Shi, Han Liu, Lihui Wang, Jinbao Ji, Zhenbao Li, Shui Guo, Jian Wang
Abstract Seismic metamaterials (SMs) are an artificially composite material designed within the sub-wavelength range. To attenuate low-frequency seismic surface waves, a metamaterial structural unit composed of a lead core and an auxetic foam coating layer was proposed; the higher impedance ratio results in the creation of a zero-frequency bandgap under layered soil conditions. To broaden the attenuation zone (AZ), double-gradient seismic metamaterials (DGSMs) were designed. The frequency domain analysis indicates that the attenuation area covering the range of 0–10 Hz is 89.8%. Through displacement-field analysis, the attenuation mechanism of DGSM on specific frequency surface waves can be fully explained. Finally, Taft seismic wave excitation is input for time history analysis, and the acceleration amplitude within 0–2 Hz decreases by 58.6%, which verifies the effectiveness of DGSMs in attenuation of low-frequency seismic waves.
摘要地震超材料是一种在亚波长范围内设计的人工复合材料。为了对低频地震表面波进行衰减,提出了一种由铅芯和增氧泡沫涂层组成的超材料结构单元;较高的阻抗比导致在层状土壤条件下产生零频率带隙。为了拓宽衰减带,设计了双梯度地震超材料(DGSMs)。频域分析表明,在0 ~ 10hz范围内的衰减面积为89.8%。通过位移场分析,可以充分解释DGSM对特定频率表面波的衰减机理。最后,输入塔夫脱地震波激励进行时程分析,0 ~ 2 Hz范围内的加速度幅值减小58.6%,验证了DGSMs对低频地震波衰减的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
The Tully-Fisher's law and dark matter effects derived via modified symmetries 塔利-费雪定律和暗物质效应是通过修正对称性推导出来的
4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 Physics and Astronomy
EPL
Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad05f7
Ivan Arraut Guerrero
Abstract In any physical system, when we move from short to large scales, new spacetime symmetries emerge which help us to simplify the dynamics of the system. In this letter we demonstrate that certain variations on the symmetries of general relativity at large scales generate the effects equivalent to dark matter ones. In particular, we reproduce the Tully-Fisher law, consistent with the predictions proposed by MOND. Additionally, we demonstrate that the dark matter effects derived in this way are consistent with the predictions suggested by MOND, without modifying gravity.
在任何物理系统中,当我们从短尺度移动到大尺度时,新的时空对称性就会出现,这有助于我们简化系统的动力学。在这封信中,我们证明了广义相对论的对称性在大尺度上的某些变化会产生相当于暗物质的效应。特别是,我们重现了Tully-Fisher定律,与MOND提出的预测一致。此外,我们证明了以这种方式导出的暗物质效应与MOND提出的预测一致,而不改变重力。
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引用次数: 0
Generalized limited penetrable vector visibility graph 广义有限穿透矢量可见性图
4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 Physics and Astronomy
EPL
Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad0408
Weikai Ren, Ning-De Jin, Zhijun Jin
Abstract The paper introduced a new way for converting the multivariate time series to complex network combining the vector visibility graph and limited penetrable theory, and the concept is discussed on the generalized limited penetrable range, termed as generalized limited penetrable vector visibility graph. The proposed method is verified by the Lorenz system. We use the four kinds of network structure characteristic to evaluate the noise resistance of the method quantitatively, and provide the strategy with guidance for choosing the optimal limited penetrable range. The results show that the limited penetrable vector visibility graph inherits the noise resistance of limited penetrable visibility graph in the multivariate time series analysis. The generalized limited penetrable range is discussed to clarify the effect on the network structure.
结合向量可见性图和有限可穿透理论,提出了一种将多元时间序列转化为复杂网络的新方法,并讨论了广义有限可穿透范围的概念,称为广义有限可穿透向量可见性图。通过洛伦兹系统验证了该方法的有效性。利用四种网络结构特性定量评价了该方法的抗噪声性能,为选择最优的有限穿透距离提供了策略指导。结果表明,在多元时间序列分析中,有限穿透矢量可视性图继承了有限穿透可视性图的抗噪性。讨论了广义有限穿透范围对网络结构的影响。
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引用次数: 0
A unifying framework for BRST and BRST-related symmetries 关于BRST和BRST相关对称性的统一框架
4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 Physics and Astronomy
EPL
Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad0177
Bhabani Prasad Mandal, Sumit Kumar Rai, Ronaldo Thibes
Abstract We propose a general framework to study BRST-related transformations. We investigate different forms of BRST and BRST-related symmetries, realized within a prototypical first-class system, including ordinary BRST, anti-BRST, dual-BRST, anti-dual-BRST and additional sets of new BRST-related symmetries. We identify a precise discrete group of symmetries of the ghost sector, responsible for connecting the various forms of BRST-related transformations. Their distinct roles in different Hamiltonian and Lagrangian approaches are clarified. As a unifying framework, we use a gauge invariant prototypical first-class system encompassing an extensive class of physical models.
摘要本文提出了一个研究brst相关变换的通用框架。我们研究了在一类系统中实现的不同形式的BRST和BRST相关对称,包括普通BRST、反BRST、双BRST、反双BRST和新的BRST相关对称的附加集。我们确定了幽灵部门的精确离散对称组,负责连接各种形式的brst相关转换。阐明了它们在不同的哈密顿和拉格朗日方法中的独特作用。作为一个统一的框架,我们使用一个规范不变的原型一级系统,它包含了广泛的物理模型。
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引用次数: 0
Quantum thermodynamics of an α′-corrected Reissner-Nordström black hole α '修正Reissner-Nordström黑洞的量子热力学
4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 Physics and Astronomy
EPL
Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/acfff0
Behnam Pourhassan, Izzet Sakalli, Xiaoping Shi, Mir Faizal, Salman S Wani
Abstract In this paper, we will go beyond equilibrium description to properly investigate the evaporation of a Reissner-Nordström black hole. Thus, we will explicitly apply techniques of non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics to this black hole. As the non-equilibrium effects would become important at the quantum scale, we will incorporate the quantum gravitational corrections by using an Reissner-Nordström black hole. We will start by developing a novel first law. Then we will investigate the quantum gravitational corrections to the Parikh-Wilczek formalism, and introduce Kullback-Leibler divergence to quantify the effects of corrections. Furthermore, we will demonstrate that the non-thermal nature of radiation in the Parikh-Wilczek formalism can be directly related to the average quantum work done on the emitted particles using non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics. This is because the average quantum work done is a unitary process in non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics. We will use the Ramsey scheme for emitted particles to calculate this quantum work distribution for the emitted particles.
在本文中,我们将超越平衡描述,适当地研究Reissner-Nordström黑洞的蒸发。因此,我们将明确地将非平衡量子热力学技术应用于这个黑洞。由于非平衡效应在量子尺度上会变得重要,我们将通过使用Reissner-Nordström黑洞来合并量子引力修正。我们将从建立一个新的第一定律开始。然后,我们将研究对Parikh-Wilczek形式的量子引力修正,并引入Kullback-Leibler散度来量化修正的影响。此外,我们将证明Parikh-Wilczek形式中辐射的非热性质可以直接与使用非平衡量子热力学对发射粒子所做的平均量子功相关。这是因为在非平衡态量子热力学中,所做的平均量子功是一个酉过程。我们将使用发射粒子的Ramsey格式来计算发射粒子的量子功分布。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
EPL
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