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Lattice dynamics in the FeSi-based family of superconductors 硅铁基超导体家族的晶格动力学
IF 1.8 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
EPL
Pub Date : 2024-05-27 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad3b37
S. Layek, M. F. Hansen, J.-B. Vaney, P. Toulemonde, S. Tencé, P. Boullay, A. Cano and M.-A. Méasson
The lattice dynamics of the superconducting materials LaFeSiH and LaFeSiO1-δ as well as their intermetallic precursor LaFeSi are investigated by polarized Raman spectroscopy and first-principles calculations, together with X-ray and advanced electron diffraction techniques for their structural analysis. We find that the Fe-dominated Raman-active modes reflect the chemical peculiarities of these silicides compared to their pnictide counterparts, with enhanced structural couplings between the FeSi layer and the spacer that can be related to the ionic vs. covalent character of the latter. In addition, we find signatures of enhanced electron-phonon coupling for some of the Raman-active modes. Beyond that, our study reveals intriguing Fe-based Raman features as well as structural subtleties in LaFeSiH suggesting that this superconductor may formally be non-centrosymmetric.
通过偏振拉曼光谱和第一原理计算,以及用于结构分析的 X 射线和先进电子衍射技术,研究了超导材料 LaFeSiH 和 LaFeSiO1-δ 及其金属间前体 LaFeSi 的晶格动力学。我们发现,以铁为主的拉曼活性模式反映了这些硅化物与锑化物相比在化学上的特殊性,铁硅层与间隔层之间的结构耦合增强,这可能与后者的离子特性与共价特性有关。此外,我们还发现一些拉曼活性模式的电子-声子耦合增强。除此之外,我们的研究还揭示了 LaFeSiH 中有趣的铁基拉曼特征和微妙的结构,表明这种超导体在形式上可能是非中心对称的。
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引用次数: 0
An information-theoretic analog of the twin paradox 孪生悖论的信息论类比
IF 1.8 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
EPL
Pub Date : 2024-05-27 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad3eae
Mladen Kovačević, Iosif Pinelis and Marios Kountouris
We revisit the familiar scenario involving two parties in relative motion, in which Alice stays at rest while Bob goes on a journey at speed βc along an arbitrary trajectory and reunites with Alice after a certain period of time. It is a well-known consequence of special relativity that the time that passes until they meet again is different for the two parties and is shorter in Bob's frame by a factor of . We investigate how this asymmetry manifests itself from an information-theoretic viewpoint. Assuming that Alice and Bob transmit signals of equal average power to each other during the whole journey, and that additive white Gaussian noise is present at both sides, we show that the maximum number of bits per second that Alice can transmit reliably to Bob is always higher than the one Bob can transmit to Alice. Equivalently, the energy per bit invested by Alice is lower than that invested by Bob, meaning that the traveler is less efficient from the communication perspective, as conjectured by Jarett and Cover.
我们重温一下我们熟悉的相对运动双方的情景:爱丽丝保持静止,而鲍勃沿着任意轨迹以 βc 的速度旅行,并在一段时间后与爱丽丝重逢。狭义相对论的一个众所周知的结果是,对双方来说,直到他们再次相遇的时间是不同的,在鲍勃的框架中时间要短一个系数。 我们从信息论的角度来研究这种不对称是如何表现出来的。假设爱丽丝和鲍勃在整个传输过程中向对方传输的信号平均功率相等,并且双方都存在加性白高斯噪声,我们证明爱丽丝每秒能可靠传输给鲍勃的最大比特数总是高于鲍勃能传输给爱丽丝的比特数。等效地,爱丽丝每比特投入的能量低于鲍勃投入的能量,这意味着旅行者的通信效率较低,正如 Jarett 和 Cover 所猜测的那样。
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引用次数: 0
Entanglement preservation in tripartite quantum systems under dephasing dynamics 三方量子系统在去相动态下的纠缠保持
IF 1.8 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
EPL
Pub Date : 2024-05-19 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad3eac
Chandrashekar Radhakrishnan, Sovik Roy, Ravikumar Chinnarasu and Md. Manirul Ali
Protecting entanglement from decoherence is a critical aspect of quantum information processsing. For many-body quantum systems evolving under decoherence, estimating multipartite entanglement is challenging. This challenge can be met up by considering a distance-based measure such as relative entropy of entanglement which decisively measures entanglement in both pure as well as mixed states. In this work, we investigate the tripartite entanglement dynamics of pure and mixed states in the presence of a structured dephasing environment at finite temperature. We show that the robustness of the quantum system to decoherence is dependent on the distribution of entanglement and its relation to different configurations of the bath. If the bath is structured individually such that each qubit has its own environment, the system has different dynamics compared to when the bath is common to all the three qubits. From the results we conjecture that there is a connection between the distribution of entanglement among the qubits and the distribution of bath degrees of freedom, and the interplay of these two distributions determines the decay rate of the entanglement dynamics. The sustainability of tripartite entanglement is shown to be enhanced significantly in the presence of reservoir memory.
保护纠缠不发生退相干是量子信息处理的一个重要方面。对于在退相干条件下演化的多体量子系统,估算多方纠缠具有挑战性。要应对这一挑战,可以考虑基于距离的测量方法,如纠缠的相对熵,它能决定性地测量纯态和混合态的纠缠。在这项工作中,我们研究了在有限温度下结构化去相环境中纯态和混合态的三方纠缠动态。我们的研究表明,量子系统对退相干的鲁棒性取决于纠缠的分布及其与浴槽不同配置的关系。如果浴槽的结构是单独的,每个量子比特都有自己的环境,那么系统的动态就会与所有三个量子比特共用浴槽时的动态不同。根据这些结果,我们推测纠缠在量子比特之间的分布与浴槽自由度的分布之间存在联系,而这两种分布的相互作用决定了纠缠动力学的衰减率。研究表明,三方纠缠的可持续性在存在贮存器记忆的情况下会显著增强。
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引用次数: 0
Mean-field analysis of the glassy dynamics of an elastoplastic model of super-cooled liquids 超冷液体弹塑性模型玻璃化动力学的均方场分析
IF 1.8 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
EPL
Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad3b35
J. W. Baron and G. Biroli
We present a mean-field theory of a coarse-grained model of a super-cooled liquid in which relaxation occurs via local plastic rearrangements. Local relaxation can be induced by thermal fluctuations or by the long-range elastic consequences of other rearrangements. We extract the temperature dependence of both the relaxation time and the length scale of dynamical correlations. We find two dynamical regimes. First, a regime in which the characteristic time and length scales diverge as a power law at a critical temperature Tc. This regime is found by an approximation that neglects activated relaxation channels, which can be interpreted as akin to the one found by the mode-coupling transition of glasses. In reality, only a crossover takes place at Tc. The residual plastic activity leads to a second regime characterised by an Arrhenius law below Tc. In this case, we show that the length scale governing dynamical correlations diverges as a power law as , and is logarithmically related to the relaxation time.
我们提出了超冷液体粗粒度模型的均场理论,在该模型中,弛豫是通过局部塑性重排发生的。局部弛豫可以由热波动或其他重排的长程弹性后果引起。我们提取了弛豫时间和动态关联长度尺度的温度依赖性。我们发现了两种动力学状态。首先,在临界温度 Tc 时,特征时间和长度尺度以幂律发散。这种状态是通过忽略活化弛豫通道的近似方法发现的,可以解释为类似于玻璃的模耦合转变。实际上,在 Tc 时只发生了一次交叉。残余塑性活动导致了第二种情况,其特征是低于 Tc 时的阿伦尼乌斯定律。在这种情况下,我们发现支配动态相关性的长度尺度以幂律的形式发散,与弛豫时间成对数关系。
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引用次数: 0
The doomsday of black hole evaporation 黑洞蒸发的末日
IF 1.8 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
EPL
Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad3b36
Shao-Jiang Wang
By assuming simultaneously the unitarity of the Hawking evaporation and the universality of Bekenstein entropy bound as well as the validity of cosmic censorship conjecture, we find that the black hole evaporation rate could evolve from the usual inverse square law in black hole mass into a constant evaporation rate near the end of the Hawking evaporation before quantum gravity could come into play, inferring a slightly longer lifetime for lighter black holes.
通过同时假定霍金蒸发的单位性、贝肯斯坦熵约束的普遍性以及宇宙审查猜想的有效性,我们发现在量子引力发挥作用之前,黑洞蒸发率可以从通常的黑洞质量平方反比定律演变为霍金蒸发末期的恒定蒸发率,从而推断出较轻黑洞的寿命会稍长一些。
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引用次数: 0
The influence patterns of carbon flux in different climatic zones in China —Based on the complex network approach 中国不同气候区碳通量的影响模式--基于复杂网络方法
IF 1.8 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
EPL
Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad397d
Ting Qing, Fan Wang, Ruijin Du, Gaogao Dong and Lixin Tian
Research on ecosystem carbon flux can provide important methodological and strategic support for climate change mitigation. The existing studies focus on the calculation of carbon flux, ignoring the intertwined effects between regions. The quantification and analysis of the interaction patterns of carbon flux is crucial for understanding the global carbon cycle process, forecasting and coping with climate change. In this study, carbon flux network model sequences are established based on complex network theory using carbon flux data spanning from December 1, 2005, to November 30, 2020. The time delay effect is introduced to accurately quantify the influence patterns of carbon flux within climate zones across China. The findings indicate that the probability distribution function of the link weights during the various seasons of each year exhibits a bimodal distribution with distinct positive and negative components. The delay probability distribution function reveals the significant impact of delay effects, which are especially pronounced and mostly significant long-term lag effects in nodes with negative weights. Further, the results of the interactions of carbon flux among climate zones demonstrate that changes in carbon flux in the plateau and southern temperate regions have either positive or negative impacts on other climate zones. Therefore, controlling carbon flux changes in these climatic zones can effectively optimize the distribution of carbon flux. The modeling framework and results presented in this paper provide useful insights for the regulation and distribution optimization of carbon flux in China.
生态系统碳通量研究可为减缓气候变化提供重要的方法和战略支持。现有研究侧重于碳通量的计算,忽视了区域间的交织效应。量化和分析碳通量的相互作用模式对于理解全球碳循环过程、预测和应对气候变化至关重要。本研究利用 2005 年 12 月 1 日至 2020 年 11 月 30 日的碳通量数据,基于复杂网络理论建立了碳通量网络模型序列。研究引入了时间延迟效应,以准确量化中国气候带内碳通量的影响模式。研究结果表明,每年不同季节的链路权重概率分布函数呈现双峰分布,正负分量明显。延迟概率分布函数揭示了延迟效应的显著影响,其中负权重节点的延迟效应尤为明显,且大多具有显著的长期滞后效应。此外,碳通量在各气候带之间的相互作用结果表明,高原和南温带地区碳通量的变化对其他气候带有或正或负的影响。因此,控制这些气候带的碳通量变化可以有效优化碳通量的分布。本文提出的模型框架和结果为中国碳通量的调控和分布优化提供了有益的启示。
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引用次数: 0
Stochastic thermodynamics of a probe in a fluctuating correlated field 波动相关场中探针的随机热力学
IF 1.8 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
EPL
Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad3469
Davide Venturelli, Sarah A. M. Loos, Benjamin Walter, Édgar Roldán and Andrea Gambassi
We develop a framework for the stochastic thermodynamics of a probe coupled to a fluctuating medium with spatio-temporal correlations, described by a scalar field. For a Brownian particle dragged by a harmonic trap through a fluctuating Gaussian field, we show that near criticality (where the field displays long-range spatial correlations) the spatially-resolved average heat flux develops a dipolar structure, where heat is absorbed in front and dissipated behind the dragged particle. Moreover, a perturbative calculation reveals that the dissipated power displays three distinct dynamical regimes depending on the drag velocity.
我们建立了一个由标量场描述的探针与具有时空相关性的波动介质耦合的随机热力学框架。对于一个被谐波陷阱拖曳的布朗粒子,在通过波动高斯场时,我们发现在临界点附近(场显示出长程空间相关性),空间分辨平均热通量形成了一个偶极结构,热量在被拖曳粒子的前面吸收,在后面耗散。此外,扰动计算显示,耗散功率显示出三种截然不同的动力学状态,这取决于拖曳速度。
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引用次数: 0
Quantum thermometry based on interferometric power 基于干涉功率的量子测温技术
IF 1.8 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
EPL
Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad3c2f
Hongying Yang, Qiang Zheng, Ping Yue and Qijun Zhi
In the field of quantum thermometry, usually temperature is estimated by the framework of quantum metrology. In this work, an alternative approach to quantum thermometry is suggested, based on interferometric power (IP). IP is defined as the worst-case quantum Fisher information in a double-channel interferometer. Specifically, the time evolution of the IP for a two-qubit state as a probe contacting with a finite-temperature bath is considered. The IP dynamics of the probe with three kinds of initial states (i.e., entangled, separable, and mixed) strongly depend on the bath temperature. The dynamical evolution of IP would be measured experimentally, considering that the IP is a measurable quantity in the experiment. Thus, the IP dynamics can be adopted to extract the value of the bath temperature directly. In this sense, the IP could be exploited as a quantum thermometer.
在量子测温领域,通常通过量子计量学框架来估算温度。在这项工作中,提出了一种基于干涉功率(IP)的量子测温替代方法。IP 被定义为双通道干涉仪中最坏情况下的量子费舍尔信息。具体来说,研究考虑了作为探针的双量子比特态与有限温浴接触时的 IP 时间演化。具有三种初始态(即纠缠态、可分离态和混合态)的探针的 IP 动态很大程度上取决于熔池温度。考虑到 IP 是实验中可测量的量,IP 的动态演化将通过实验来测量。因此,可以采用 IP 动态直接提取浴温值。从这个意义上说,IP 可被用作量子温度计。
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引用次数: 0
Topological defects and boundary states in four-dimensional topological insulator 四维拓扑绝缘体中的拓扑缺陷和边界态
IF 1.8 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
EPL
Pub Date : 2024-04-28 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad397c
Zhi-Wen Chang, Wei-Chang Hao and Xin Liu
We show the connection between the second Chern number and topological defects, in a (4+1)-dimensional time-reversal invariant Dirac lattice model. It is discovered that two types of topological defects, the five-dimensional (5D) and four-dimensional (4D) point defects arise from the singular points of wave functions together with the geometric meaning of the second Chern number. We demonstrated that the 5D point defects appear at the band crossing positions with a topological transition, leading to a jump of the second Chern number. The 4D point defects exist in an insulating bulk, whose topological charges can give the evaluations of the second Chern number of energy bands. Finally, we discussed the possible structures of the boundary states in the light of the realization way of the 4D model. Our theory provides not only a new perspective to grasp the second Chern number, but also a simple approach to derive its values without calculating any integrals.
我们在一个(4+1)维时间反演不变的狄拉克晶格模型中展示了第二切尔数与拓扑缺陷之间的联系。我们发现,两种拓扑缺陷,即五维(5D)和四维(4D)点缺陷,是由波函数的奇异点与第二切尔数的几何意义共同产生的。我们证明,五维点缺陷出现在带交叉位置,具有拓扑转变,导致第二切尔数跃迁。4D 点缺陷存在于绝缘体中,其拓扑电荷可以给出能带的第二切尔数。最后,我们根据 4D 模型的实现方式讨论了边界态的可能结构。我们的理论不仅为掌握第二切尔数提供了一个新的视角,还提供了一种无需计算任何积分就能得出其值的简单方法。
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引用次数: 0
Steady-state selection in multi-species driven diffusive systems 多物种驱动扩散系统中的稳态选择
IF 1.8 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
EPL
Pub Date : 2024-04-21 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad30cd
Luigi Cantini and Ali Zahra
We introduce a general method to determine the large-scale non-equilibrium steady-state properties of one-dimensional multi-species driven diffusive systems with open boundaries, generalizing thus the max-min current principle known for systems with a single type of particles. This method is based on the solution of the Riemann problem of the associated system of conservation laws. We demonstrate that the effective density of a reservoir depends not only on the corresponding boundary hopping rates but also on the dynamics of the entire system, emphasizing the interplay between bulk and reservoirs. We highlight the role of Riemann variables in establishing the phase diagram of such systems. We apply our method to three models of multi-species interacting particle systems and compare the theoretical predictions with numerical simulations.
我们引入了一种通用方法来确定具有开放边界的一维多物种驱动扩散系统的大尺度非平衡稳态特性,从而推广了已知的单一类型粒子系统的最大最小电流原理。这种方法基于相关守恒定律系统的黎曼问题求解。我们证明了储层的有效密度不仅取决于相应的边界跳跃率,还取决于整个系统的动力学,强调了体和储层之间的相互作用。我们强调了黎曼变量在建立此类系统相图中的作用。我们将我们的方法应用于三个多物种相互作用粒子系统模型,并将理论预测与数值模拟进行比较。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
EPL
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