Earthquakes are among the most influential force of nature that affect human life. Reconnaissance after the severe earthquakes pointed out that seismic performance of non-structural members and elements could be as significant as the structural members in lateral force-resisting systems. As such, it is important for design engineers to recognize the seismic demand on the mechanical systems that support the critical non-structural components (e.g., sprinklers, electrical and mechanical equipment, etc.) in terms of the safety during and after an earthquake as well as functionality and retrofitting cost after an earthquake. The primary goal of this study is to systematically investigate the seismic demands on the mechanical support systems of a typical mid-rise steel structure. For this purpose, non-linear time history analyses are carried out using a suite of ground motion acceleration records to evaluate the seismic demands on both seismic force-resisting system and the support system by means of inter-story drift angle and horizontal accelerations, respectively. Results obtained from the analyses are discussed considering the requirements stipulated in the current national and international buildings and recommendations are made.
{"title":"Evaluation of Seismic Acceleration Demands on Mechanical Support Systems","authors":"Samet Karamahmutoğlu, Burçin Aslıpek Özkara, Vesim Yıldırım, Kübra Yaman, Merve Dilruba Ülker, Fuat Topgül, Sinan Koç, Naim Artar, Onur Seker, B. Akbas","doi":"10.56038/oprd.v1i1.213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56038/oprd.v1i1.213","url":null,"abstract":"Earthquakes are among the most influential force of nature that affect human life. Reconnaissance after the severe earthquakes pointed out that seismic performance of non-structural members and elements could be as significant as the structural members in lateral force-resisting systems. As such, it is important for design engineers to recognize the seismic demand on the mechanical systems that support the critical non-structural components (e.g., sprinklers, electrical and mechanical equipment, etc.) in terms of the safety during and after an earthquake as well as functionality and retrofitting cost after an earthquake. The primary goal of this study is to systematically investigate the seismic demands on the mechanical support systems of a typical mid-rise steel structure. For this purpose, non-linear time history analyses are carried out using a suite of ground motion acceleration records to evaluate the seismic demands on both seismic force-resisting system and the support system by means of inter-story drift angle and horizontal accelerations, respectively. Results obtained from the analyses are discussed considering the requirements stipulated in the current national and international buildings and recommendations are made.","PeriodicalId":117452,"journal":{"name":"Orclever Proceedings of Research and Development","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121611082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Today, there are specially developed fasteners for situations where the need for security and permanent connection is at the forefront. The first thing that comes to mind is the "shear bolt", a fastener that only allows tightening. In this fastener, there is a specially thinned area under the head with machining, and thus, when the bolt reaches a certain torque value, a break occurs in the head part. Thus, a permanent connection is obtained since the hexagon part used only during tightening is eliminated. One of the disadvantages that arise with the use of shear bolts is that there is a significant amount of material used only during tightening and it increases the cost. In addition, uncoated area on the fracture surface makes possible corrosion problems and an extra cost from machining is another disadvantage. The disposal of the broken head part during mass production also appears as an extra cost. In order to prevent these problems, the Norm One Way (NOW®) product, whose patent belongs to Norm Cıvata, has been developed. Thanks to the special head and socket geometry, tightening is done only in one direction and disassembly is not possible. In this study, the effect of increasing the socket depth on the head strength of the bolt was investigated using experimental, analytical and finite element methods. As a result, NOW® product was obtained which is safer, has a head form that will eliminate the possibility of stripping during assembly and at the same time provide maximum weight reduction.
今天，有专门开发的紧固件的情况下，需要安全和永久连接是在前列。首先想到的是“剪切螺栓”，一种只允许拧紧的紧固件。在这种紧固件中，在机加工的头部下方有一个特别变薄的区域，因此，当螺栓达到一定的扭矩值时，在头部部分发生断裂。因此，由于消除了仅在拧紧过程中使用的六边形部分，因此获得了永久连接。使用剪切螺栓的一个缺点是，只有在拧紧时才使用大量的材料，这增加了成本。此外，断口表面未涂覆的区域可能会产生腐蚀问题，加工的额外成本是另一个缺点。在批量生产过程中，破碎的头部部件的处理也作为额外的成本出现。为了防止这些问题，Norm One Way (NOW®)产品已经开发出来，其专利属于Norm Cıvata。由于特殊的头部和插座几何形状，紧固只能在一个方向上完成，并且不可能拆卸。采用试验、分析和有限元等方法，研究了增加承插深度对螺栓头强度的影响。因此，获得的NOW®产品更安全，具有头部形式，可以消除组装过程中剥离的可能性，同时最大限度地减轻重量。
{"title":"Performing Mechanical Strength and Torque Studies for Weight Reduction in Norm One Way Patented Product","authors":"D. Zeren, Fatih Kocatürk, M. B. Toparli","doi":"10.56038/oprd.v1i1.157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56038/oprd.v1i1.157","url":null,"abstract":"Today, there are specially developed fasteners for situations where the need for security and permanent connection is at the forefront. The first thing that comes to mind is the \"shear bolt\", a fastener that only allows tightening. In this fastener, there is a specially thinned area under the head with machining, and thus, when the bolt reaches a certain torque value, a break occurs in the head part. Thus, a permanent connection is obtained since the hexagon part used only during tightening is eliminated. One of the disadvantages that arise with the use of shear bolts is that there is a significant amount of material used only during tightening and it increases the cost. In addition, uncoated area on the fracture surface makes possible corrosion problems and an extra cost from machining is another disadvantage. The disposal of the broken head part during mass production also appears as an extra cost. In order to prevent these problems, the Norm One Way (NOW®) product, whose patent belongs to Norm Cıvata, has been developed. Thanks to the special head and socket geometry, tightening is done only in one direction and disassembly is not possible. In this study, the effect of increasing the socket depth on the head strength of the bolt was investigated using experimental, analytical and finite element methods. As a result, NOW® product was obtained which is safer, has a head form that will eliminate the possibility of stripping during assembly and at the same time provide maximum weight reduction.","PeriodicalId":117452,"journal":{"name":"Orclever Proceedings of Research and Development","volume":"454 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116766776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and optical microscope (OM), microstructural characterizations of both the surfaces and deep microstructural characterization of the rolls were carried out from the outer layer to the inner layer and the matrix structure, carbide phases and graphite structures were depicted. The types of carbide phases present in the microstructure were determined using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The densities of the inner layer and the outer layer were calculated with the samples cut from the appropriate regions. Within the scope of mechanical tests, hardness test, compression and tensile tests and impact tests were applied to the samples prepared by cutting wire erosion from the appropriate area of the mill roll. The fracture surfaces obtained as a result of the impact test were analyzed by SEM and the fracture characteristics of the material were interpreted. Finally, wear tests were carried out at both room temperature and high temperature (150 ºC), and the wear resistance of the roll surface during use was determined for different temperatures.
{"title":"Microstructural Characterization and Mechanical Tests of Mill Rolls","authors":"M. Solmaz, H. Kotan, Sabriye Açıkgöz, M. Bağcı","doi":"10.56038/oprd.v1i1.204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56038/oprd.v1i1.204","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and optical microscope (OM), microstructural characterizations of both the surfaces and deep microstructural characterization of the rolls were carried out from the outer layer to the inner layer and the matrix structure, carbide phases and graphite structures were depicted. The types of carbide phases present in the microstructure were determined using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The densities of the inner layer and the outer layer were calculated with the samples cut from the appropriate regions. Within the scope of mechanical tests, hardness test, compression and tensile tests and impact tests were applied to the samples prepared by cutting wire erosion from the appropriate area of the mill roll. The fracture surfaces obtained as a result of the impact test were analyzed by SEM and the fracture characteristics of the material were interpreted. Finally, wear tests were carried out at both room temperature and high temperature (150 ºC), and the wear resistance of the roll surface during use was determined for different temperatures.","PeriodicalId":117452,"journal":{"name":"Orclever Proceedings of Research and Development","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131283165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The deep mixing method is an in-situ soil improvement method in which the soil is mixed with cement and other binding materials. Within the scope of this study, two-dimensional numerical analyzes of a reinforced soil by deep mixing columns were carried out. Two different soft clay soil properties (Model 1 and Model 2) were used in the analyses. Analysis of two-dimensional models was done with PLAXIS 2D finite element program. The deformations, consolidation and compression obtained from Mohr-Coulomb and soft soil models were compared. The effects of soil properties and the length of the column, modulus of elasticity, diameter and distance between them were investigated for two models. As a result, it is thought that two-dimensional analyzes together with the modeling that will reflect the current site conditions can give reasonably realistic results if the soil properties are selected well and correctly before the construction phase.
{"title":"Numerical Analysis of Soft Soils Reinforced with Deep Mixing Column","authors":"Emine Almadani, Kaveh Dehghanian","doi":"10.56038/oprd.v1i1.205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56038/oprd.v1i1.205","url":null,"abstract":"The deep mixing method is an in-situ soil improvement method in which the soil is mixed with cement and other binding materials. Within the scope of this study, two-dimensional numerical analyzes of a reinforced soil by deep mixing columns were carried out. Two different soft clay soil properties (Model 1 and Model 2) were used in the analyses. Analysis of two-dimensional models was done with PLAXIS 2D finite element program. The deformations, consolidation and compression obtained from Mohr-Coulomb and soft soil models were compared. The effects of soil properties and the length of the column, modulus of elasticity, diameter and distance between them were investigated for two models. As a result, it is thought that two-dimensional analyzes together with the modeling that will reflect the current site conditions can give reasonably realistic results if the soil properties are selected well and correctly before the construction phase.","PeriodicalId":117452,"journal":{"name":"Orclever Proceedings of Research and Development","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117208586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Feminine hygiene products are described personal care products that are used by women to manage menstruation and to maintain menstrual health. One of the most preferred feminine hygiene products is sanitary pads. Sanitary pad is a thin pad made of absorbent material that comprises numerous layers of quilted cotton fabric or other super absorbent polymers and plastics. Soft touch, dry feel, odourless, leakproof and antibacterial properties are the expectations from a sanitary pad. Considering these expectations, in order to replace with the disposable (single use) ones we have developed a reusable sanitary pad with wings that all individual layers of fabrics are designed and produced. Drying time, pilling resistance, thermal and water vapour resistance, air permeability, dimensional stability, hydrostatic pressure, tensile strength, tear strength, phenolic yellowing, pH level, bursting strength, thickness, mass per unit area tests are carried out. According to market outlook reports the total sales of reusable sanitary pads represent ~5%- 10% of the global health and personal care market. Disposable (single use) sanitary pads end up with landfilling and disposal by incineration and cause environmental pollution. From the perspective of woman health, equality of opportunity, sustainability and environmental health concerns it is concluded that reusable pads are a sustainable alternative for the disposable (single use) ones.
{"title":"Reusable Sanitary Pad","authors":"Ersin Dobur, Bekir Boyacı, Sadiye İnceoğlu","doi":"10.56038/oprd.v1i1.183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56038/oprd.v1i1.183","url":null,"abstract":"Feminine hygiene products are described personal care products that are used by women to manage menstruation and to maintain menstrual health. One of the most preferred feminine hygiene products is sanitary pads. Sanitary pad is a thin pad made of absorbent material that comprises numerous layers of quilted cotton fabric or other super absorbent polymers and plastics. Soft touch, dry feel, odourless, leakproof and antibacterial properties are the expectations from a sanitary pad. Considering these expectations, in order to replace with the disposable (single use) ones we have developed a reusable sanitary pad with wings that all individual layers of fabrics are designed and produced. Drying time, pilling resistance, thermal and water vapour resistance, air permeability, dimensional stability, hydrostatic pressure, tensile strength, tear strength, phenolic yellowing, pH level, bursting strength, thickness, mass per unit area tests are carried out. \u0000According to market outlook reports the total sales of reusable sanitary pads represent ~5%- 10% of the global health and personal care market. Disposable (single use) sanitary pads end up with landfilling and disposal by incineration and cause environmental pollution. From the perspective of woman health, equality of opportunity, sustainability and environmental health concerns it is concluded that reusable pads are a sustainable alternative for the disposable (single use) ones.","PeriodicalId":117452,"journal":{"name":"Orclever Proceedings of Research and Development","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117209762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seza Dursun, Ferhat Bakan, Sahika Koyun Yilmaz, M. Aktaş
In the Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) sector, the availability of sufficient product inventory on the delivery vehicle is directly related to the accuracy of the sales forecasts. Insufficient accuracy of the estimations leads to loss of income and increases secondary costs such as transportation and labor costs. In the current situation, sales forecasts are based on the sales personnel's delivery route, knowledge, experience, and relationships. Since the knowledge and experience of the personnel are not brought into the institutional memory, this information is lost with the personnel change, and the new person needs to develop their own experiences about the route. Currently, the sales forecasting accuracy rate is calculated as 70%. It has been determined that a daily loss of 15% on a product basis and a total of 5% daily occurs. In the study carried out within the scope of this research, advanced analytical and machine learning methods that can capture the dynamics of the FMCG industry and analyze the extensive data formed effectively are studied to increase the accuracy and consistency of sales forecasts. Within the scope of the research, machine learning models to be used for sales forecasts were developed using artificial neural networks methods. We evaluated the models' performance according to the recall, precision, and accuracy metrics based on the route, point of sale, and product. It was determined that the artificial neural networks performs well for sales forecasting. Using the artificial neural networks in the experimental study, we achieved an average of 5% revenue increase for the three route groups selected as pilots. The sales forecast accuracy rate increased from 78% to 82%.
{"title":"Sales Forecasting System for Van-Sales Channel for FMCG Industry","authors":"Seza Dursun, Ferhat Bakan, Sahika Koyun Yilmaz, M. Aktaş","doi":"10.56038/oprd.v1i1.136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56038/oprd.v1i1.136","url":null,"abstract":"In the Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) sector, the availability of sufficient product inventory on the delivery vehicle is directly related to the accuracy of the sales forecasts. Insufficient accuracy of the estimations leads to loss of income and increases secondary costs such as transportation and labor costs. In the current situation, sales forecasts are based on the sales personnel's delivery route, knowledge, experience, and relationships. Since the knowledge and experience of the personnel are not brought into the institutional memory, this information is lost with the personnel change, and the new person needs to develop their own experiences about the route. Currently, the sales forecasting accuracy rate is calculated as 70%. It has been determined that a daily loss of 15% on a product basis and a total of 5% daily occurs. In the study carried out within the scope of this research, advanced analytical and machine learning methods that can capture the dynamics of the FMCG industry and analyze the extensive data formed effectively are studied to increase the accuracy and consistency of sales forecasts. Within the scope of the research, machine learning models to be used for sales forecasts were developed using artificial neural networks methods. We evaluated the models' performance according to the recall, precision, and accuracy metrics based on the route, point of sale, and product. It was determined that the artificial neural networks performs well for sales forecasting. Using the artificial neural networks in the experimental study, we achieved an average of 5% revenue increase for the three route groups selected as pilots. The sales forecast accuracy rate increased from 78% to 82%.","PeriodicalId":117452,"journal":{"name":"Orclever Proceedings of Research and Development","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125153874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yunus Emre Yurdagül, Okan Vural, Kaan Çelik, H. Atlı, Murat Saglam
Overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) is a necessary metric for monitoring and improving production processes in industry [Nakajima, 1988]. In order to make the OEE calculation properly, one needs to digitize the accurate data coming from the production line on the shopfloor, which is a challenge itself. The solution we present provides the accurate collection of production line status and OEE data required for monitoring and decision making. The problems found in existing solutions are overcome with advanced analytical methods such as video image processing and deep learning / machine learning. There are many solutions in the literature using traditional image processing approaches [Dalal, 2005] or machine learning methods [Felzenszwalb, 2010] to solve the object detection problem in the video. In recent years, deep learning methods have also yielded successful results in object detection [Girshick, 2014]. The innovative aspect of the solution we offer is that it is a system that learns patterns that may be different for each production line, and automatically predicts the production line status.
{"title":"A New Automation System for Equipment Status and Efficiency Detection with Machine Learning Based Image Processing","authors":"Yunus Emre Yurdagül, Okan Vural, Kaan Çelik, H. Atlı, Murat Saglam","doi":"10.56038/oprd.v1i1.206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56038/oprd.v1i1.206","url":null,"abstract":"Overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) is a necessary metric for monitoring and improving production processes in industry [Nakajima, 1988]. In order to make the OEE calculation properly, one needs to digitize the accurate data coming from the production line on the shopfloor, which is a challenge itself. The solution we present provides the accurate collection of production line status and OEE data required for monitoring and decision making. The problems found in existing solutions are overcome with advanced analytical methods such as video image processing and deep learning / machine learning. There are many solutions in the literature using traditional image processing approaches [Dalal, 2005] or machine learning methods [Felzenszwalb, 2010] to solve the object detection problem in the video. In recent years, deep learning methods have also yielded successful results in object detection [Girshick, 2014]. The innovative aspect of the solution we offer is that it is a system that learns patterns that may be different for each production line, and automatically predicts the production line status.","PeriodicalId":117452,"journal":{"name":"Orclever Proceedings of Research and Development","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114727176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
While technology-oriented developments in the modern world change our perceptions of time and speed, they also force our food consumption patterns such as getting pleasure from what we eat and eating slowly. The habit of eating quickly and hastily causes not only the feeling of not understanding the taste of the food eaten, but also the inability to postpone the feeling of satiety and therefore many health problems. This project is considered as an experience and packaging design on controlling chocolate consumption and long-term eating behavior. As a result, a product and product packaging design was made that supports the active role of the senses such as sight, smell and hearing, where consumption begins, in order to consume chocolate by melting and to actively secrete the most important stimulant salivary glands in order to provide a healthy and long-term pleasure-based consumption.
{"title":"Food Design as a University-Industry Collaboration Project: An Experience Design on Controlling Chocolate Consumption and Long-Term Eating Behavior","authors":"B. Durmaz, F. Curaoğlu","doi":"10.56038/oprd.v1i1.185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56038/oprd.v1i1.185","url":null,"abstract":"While technology-oriented developments in the modern world change our perceptions of time and speed, they also force our food consumption patterns such as getting pleasure from what we eat and eating slowly. The habit of eating quickly and hastily causes not only the feeling of not understanding the taste of the food eaten, but also the inability to postpone the feeling of satiety and therefore many health problems. This project is considered as an experience and packaging design on controlling chocolate consumption and long-term eating behavior. As a result, a product and product packaging design was made that supports the active role of the senses such as sight, smell and hearing, where consumption begins, in order to consume chocolate by melting and to actively secrete the most important stimulant salivary glands in order to provide a healthy and long-term pleasure-based consumption.","PeriodicalId":117452,"journal":{"name":"Orclever Proceedings of Research and Development","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124487627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Durul Büşra Dilden, M. F. Yüksel, Seda Keskin, Uğur Ergünay, Rıza Atav
As it is known, the most widely used dye class for dyeing cotton fabrics is reactive dyes. However, the reactive dyeing process itself and various finishing processes applied after dyeing affects the physical, mechanical, handle, comfort and functional properties of the fabrics. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to determine the dyeing and finishing processes on the quality-performance characteristics of the cotton knitted fabrics. For this aim, physical (weight, wale/course density), mechanical (bursting strength, pilling, abrasion resistance), handle (bending rigidity), comfort (thermal comfort, air permeability, water vapor permeability) and functional (Ultraviolet protective functionality and flame retardancy of the fabrics) properties of fabrics were tested before and after dyeing and finishing processes. Fabric weight and bursting strength values increases after dyeing and finishing processes due to the shrinkage of the fabrics during wet processing. On the other hand, the pilling and abrasion resistance values of fabrics are not significantly affected by dyeing and finishing processes. Another important result obtained is that the bending length and bending stiffness of the fabrics decrease after dyeing/finishing processes. The thickness values of the fabrics decrease after dyeing-finishing processes and therefore the thermal resistance decreases. It was observed that the air permeability of the fabrics significantly decreased after dyeing-finishing processes. However, the water vapor permeability of the fabrics was decreased very slightly after dyeing and finishing processes. UPF ratings were increased after dyeing and finishing processes. Keywords: Cotton, dyeing, color, functionality, permeability
{"title":"Determination of The Effect of Dyeing and Finishing Processes on Physical, Mechanical, Handle, Comfort and Functional Properties of Cotton Knitted Fabrics","authors":"Durul Büşra Dilden, M. F. Yüksel, Seda Keskin, Uğur Ergünay, Rıza Atav","doi":"10.56038/oprd.v1i1.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56038/oprd.v1i1.173","url":null,"abstract":"As it is known, the most widely used dye class for dyeing cotton fabrics is reactive dyes. However, the reactive dyeing process itself and various finishing processes applied after dyeing affects the physical, mechanical, handle, comfort and functional properties of the fabrics. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to determine the dyeing and finishing processes on the quality-performance characteristics of the cotton knitted fabrics. For this aim, physical (weight, wale/course density), mechanical (bursting strength, pilling, abrasion resistance), handle (bending rigidity), comfort (thermal comfort, air permeability, water vapor permeability) and functional (Ultraviolet protective functionality and flame retardancy of the fabrics) properties of fabrics were tested before and after dyeing and finishing processes. Fabric weight and bursting strength values increases after dyeing and finishing processes due to the shrinkage of the fabrics during wet processing. On the other hand, the pilling and abrasion resistance values of fabrics are not significantly affected by dyeing and finishing processes. Another important result obtained is that the bending length and bending stiffness of the fabrics decrease after dyeing/finishing processes. The thickness values of the fabrics decrease after dyeing-finishing processes and therefore the thermal resistance decreases. It was observed that the air permeability of the fabrics significantly decreased after dyeing-finishing processes. However, the water vapor permeability of the fabrics was decreased very slightly after dyeing and finishing processes. UPF ratings were increased after dyeing and finishing processes. \u0000Keywords: Cotton, dyeing, color, functionality, permeability","PeriodicalId":117452,"journal":{"name":"Orclever Proceedings of Research and Development","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125968744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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