Pub Date : 2022-02-10DOI: 10.3390/engproc2022014017
A. Houadef, B. Djezzar
In this paper we investigate the performance of an integrated n-type laterally-diffused metal oxide semiconductor (nLDMOS) transistor, using 2D TCAD simulations. This work is based on the 1 µm CMOS technology node at CDTAs clean room. The nLDMOS process uses the necessary steps extracted from logic-integrated circuits fabrication flow, which yields to local oxidation of silicon (LOCOS), single reduced surface field (RESURF)-based nLDMOS, without needing any additional masks or steps. The resulting device has a 22 V breakdown voltage (BV) and 272 mm2 mΩ specific on-state resistance (RON). The analysis determined that the proposed device could be implemented in RF power amplifiers for wireless communications or automotive circuits as primary domains, provided experimental calibrations.
{"title":"Design of an LDMOS Transistor Based on the 1 µm CMOS Process for High/Low Power Applications","authors":"A. Houadef, B. Djezzar","doi":"10.3390/engproc2022014017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2022014017","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we investigate the performance of an integrated n-type laterally-diffused metal oxide semiconductor (nLDMOS) transistor, using 2D TCAD simulations. This work is based on the 1 µm CMOS technology node at CDTAs clean room. The nLDMOS process uses the necessary steps extracted from logic-integrated circuits fabrication flow, which yields to local oxidation of silicon (LOCOS), single reduced surface field (RESURF)-based nLDMOS, without needing any additional masks or steps. The resulting device has a 22 V breakdown voltage (BV) and 272 mm2 mΩ specific on-state resistance (RON). The analysis determined that the proposed device could be implemented in RF power amplifiers for wireless communications or automotive circuits as primary domains, provided experimental calibrations.","PeriodicalId":11748,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74125250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-10DOI: 10.3390/engproc2022014018
M. Ouamri, M. Otesteanu, Gordana Barb, C. Gueguen
The integration of drones as base stations has shown to be a potential approach for the future mobile communication systems. Hence, this emerging technology is currently being investigated within the 3GPP standardization community with the main objective of improving coverage and capacity in dense urban areas. Nevertheless, in order to provide adequate coverage for users, it is necessary to find the optimal location of the Drone-BS. This work proposes a novel approach for the Drone-BS in 5G communication systems, using the meta-heuristic algorithm. Firstly, we analyse the downlink coverage probability according to SINR by using stochastic geometry. Afterwards, we apply the Grey Wolf Optimizer algorithm in order to find the optimal Drone-BS placement under coverage probability constraint.
{"title":"Coverage Analysis and Efficient Placement of Drone-BSs in 5G Networks","authors":"M. Ouamri, M. Otesteanu, Gordana Barb, C. Gueguen","doi":"10.3390/engproc2022014018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2022014018","url":null,"abstract":"The integration of drones as base stations has shown to be a potential approach for the future mobile communication systems. Hence, this emerging technology is currently being investigated within the 3GPP standardization community with the main objective of improving coverage and capacity in dense urban areas. Nevertheless, in order to provide adequate coverage for users, it is necessary to find the optimal location of the Drone-BS. This work proposes a novel approach for the Drone-BS in 5G communication systems, using the meta-heuristic algorithm. Firstly, we analyse the downlink coverage probability according to SINR by using stochastic geometry. Afterwards, we apply the Grey Wolf Optimizer algorithm in order to find the optimal Drone-BS placement under coverage probability constraint.","PeriodicalId":11748,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78472758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-10DOI: 10.3390/engproc2021012096
M. Hussain, Arif Hussain, Surat Khan
At present, decarbonization takes the top spot as a priority in the energy sector. The world has largely polluted its environment because of the use of non-renewable resources for electricity production. Therefore, governments worldwide are trying to reduce their reliance on highly emitted carbon fuels and utilize more renewable resources such as wind for electricity generation. There has been only a 6% utilization of Pakistan’s wind potential. Baluchistan’s NokKundi region boasts an enormous wind potential with exceptional wind velocities throughout the year. With this study, an abundance of wind potential and feasibility is explored using a complete simulation-based study of the said area. There has been a calculation of the load of the NokKundi area, and an appropriate wind farm has been designed to meet it. The HOMER software has been used to carry out a complete financial analysis for both standalone and grid-connected systems, including capital investment and running costs. An analysis of the load flow on a grid-connected system is carried out with the ETAP software. The study considers a 40 MW wind farm as a feasible alternative for meeting the load requirements of NokKundi. A complete analysis of the simulation results for both grid-connected and isolated wind farm systems concludes that the grid-connected system offers more advantages in terms of cost and smooth integration with the local grid.
{"title":"A Comprehensive Assessment of the Wind Power Potential of NokKundi in Balochistan and Its Integration with the Local Electrical Grid","authors":"M. Hussain, Arif Hussain, Surat Khan","doi":"10.3390/engproc2021012096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2021012096","url":null,"abstract":"At present, decarbonization takes the top spot as a priority in the energy sector. The world has largely polluted its environment because of the use of non-renewable resources for electricity production. Therefore, governments worldwide are trying to reduce their reliance on highly emitted carbon fuels and utilize more renewable resources such as wind for electricity generation. There has been only a 6% utilization of Pakistan’s wind potential. Baluchistan’s NokKundi region boasts an enormous wind potential with exceptional wind velocities throughout the year. With this study, an abundance of wind potential and feasibility is explored using a complete simulation-based study of the said area. There has been a calculation of the load of the NokKundi area, and an appropriate wind farm has been designed to meet it. The HOMER software has been used to carry out a complete financial analysis for both standalone and grid-connected systems, including capital investment and running costs. An analysis of the load flow on a grid-connected system is carried out with the ETAP software. The study considers a 40 MW wind farm as a feasible alternative for meeting the load requirements of NokKundi. A complete analysis of the simulation results for both grid-connected and isolated wind farm systems concludes that the grid-connected system offers more advantages in terms of cost and smooth integration with the local grid.","PeriodicalId":11748,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77141232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-08DOI: 10.3390/engproc2022014014
Achouri Mourad, Z. Youcef
This study mainly concerns the use of Fuzzy-PI adaptive sliding control (Fuzzy-ASMC) to force the stat space of MAGLEV to track a desired trajectory. The usage of adaptive sliding mode control allows the MAGLEV to operate in an uncertain environment and in the presence of external disturbances. The Fuzzy-PI schema is designed to improve the performance of adaptive sliding mode control and reduce the main drawback caused by the discontinuous term of this method, which is the well-known chattering phenomenon. The results of our study prove the effectiveness of the proposed approach in achieving desired performances.
{"title":"Adaptive Sliding Mode Control Improved by Fuzzy-PI Controller: Applied to Magnetic Levitation System","authors":"Achouri Mourad, Z. Youcef","doi":"10.3390/engproc2022014014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2022014014","url":null,"abstract":"This study mainly concerns the use of Fuzzy-PI adaptive sliding control (Fuzzy-ASMC) to force the stat space of MAGLEV to track a desired trajectory. The usage of adaptive sliding mode control allows the MAGLEV to operate in an uncertain environment and in the presence of external disturbances. The Fuzzy-PI schema is designed to improve the performance of adaptive sliding mode control and reduce the main drawback caused by the discontinuous term of this method, which is the well-known chattering phenomenon. The results of our study prove the effectiveness of the proposed approach in achieving desired performances.","PeriodicalId":11748,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90350589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-08DOI: 10.3390/engproc2022014016
A. Houadef, B. Djezzar
This paper investigates the ruggedness of an n-type LDMOS under single shot unclamped inductive switching (UIS) stress conditions. We present a detailed method to define the electrothermal safe operating area (SOA), and the physics of the failure mechanism is described. We conclude that the device robustness depends mainly on the gate bias, much less on the pulse duration on millisecond range, the inductive load value, or the initial operating temperature, although the Kirk effect is always present under all conditions. However, the failure mechanism fundamentally changes to pure avalanche breakdown under short pulses.
{"title":"UIS Characterization of LOCOS-Based LDMOS Transistor Fabricated by 1 µm CMOS Process","authors":"A. Houadef, B. Djezzar","doi":"10.3390/engproc2022014016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2022014016","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the ruggedness of an n-type LDMOS under single shot unclamped inductive switching (UIS) stress conditions. We present a detailed method to define the electrothermal safe operating area (SOA), and the physics of the failure mechanism is described. We conclude that the device robustness depends mainly on the gate bias, much less on the pulse duration on millisecond range, the inductive load value, or the initial operating temperature, although the Kirk effect is always present under all conditions. However, the failure mechanism fundamentally changes to pure avalanche breakdown under short pulses.","PeriodicalId":11748,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78841097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-07DOI: 10.3390/engproc2021012095
Khalid Talha, Alamgir, Jianrong Li
Excesses and shortages of some metal ions such as Fe3+ and Cr2O72− pose a threat to human life. A Zn-based two-dimensional MOF has proven to be sensitive for Fe3+ and Cr2O72− in water with Ksv values of 1.8 × 104 and 6.5 × 104, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) for these ions was found to be 2.5 μM and 0.15 μM for Fe3+ and Cr2O72− ions, respectively. A comparative study was conducted using two 3D MOFs in terms of their detection ability, synthesis and structure.
{"title":"Efficient Detection of Fe3+ and Cr2O72− Ions in Water by Zn-Tetrazolate-Based Two-Dimensional Metal-Organic Framework: A Comparative Study","authors":"Khalid Talha, Alamgir, Jianrong Li","doi":"10.3390/engproc2021012095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2021012095","url":null,"abstract":"Excesses and shortages of some metal ions such as Fe3+ and Cr2O72− pose a threat to human life. A Zn-based two-dimensional MOF has proven to be sensitive for Fe3+ and Cr2O72− in water with Ksv values of 1.8 × 104 and 6.5 × 104, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) for these ions was found to be 2.5 μM and 0.15 μM for Fe3+ and Cr2O72− ions, respectively. A comparative study was conducted using two 3D MOFs in terms of their detection ability, synthesis and structure.","PeriodicalId":11748,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89790805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-30DOI: 10.3390/engproc2022014012
Khaled Dassa, A. Recioui
The purpose of this work is to find the optimal energy management mix in order to maximize the benefit for the client by minimizing the bill and reducing losses by optimizing the energy distribution in the network. There exist two smart grid management problems: demand side management (DSM) and dynamic economic dispatch (DED). DSM consists of modifying electricity consumption patterns with reference to the overall consumption picture, consumption time profile, and contractual supply parameters in order to achieve savings in electricity charges. DED aims at providing the ideal share of electricity produced corresponding to the overall energy request of users and the generated power. Research works in the literature dealt with DSM or DED issues independently. In this work, genetic algorithms will be used to solve DSM and DED problems, considering them as two complementary stages in the optimization process.
{"title":"Demand Side Management and Dynamic Economic Dispatch Using Genetic Algorithms","authors":"Khaled Dassa, A. Recioui","doi":"10.3390/engproc2022014012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2022014012","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this work is to find the optimal energy management mix in order to maximize the benefit for the client by minimizing the bill and reducing losses by optimizing the energy distribution in the network. There exist two smart grid management problems: demand side management (DSM) and dynamic economic dispatch (DED). DSM consists of modifying electricity consumption patterns with reference to the overall consumption picture, consumption time profile, and contractual supply parameters in order to achieve savings in electricity charges. DED aims at providing the ideal share of electricity produced corresponding to the overall energy request of users and the generated power. Research works in the literature dealt with DSM or DED issues independently. In this work, genetic algorithms will be used to solve DSM and DED problems, considering them as two complementary stages in the optimization process.","PeriodicalId":11748,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89761558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-29DOI: 10.3390/engproc2022014007
Naceur Aounallah
This paper deals with the problem of the direction of arrival (DOA) estimation for diverse systems of wireless communication using an antenna array. This study provides an improved version of Capon’s direction of arrival algorithm. In fact, the proposed version uses an upper-triangular matrix extracted from the covariance matrix instead of the entire covariance matrix. The simulation results demonstrate that our proposed scheme can significantly improve the accuracy of direction of arrival estimation with low computation complexity.
{"title":"Performance Enhancement of Capon’s DOA Algorithm Using Covariance Matrix Decomposition","authors":"Naceur Aounallah","doi":"10.3390/engproc2022014007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2022014007","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the problem of the direction of arrival (DOA) estimation for diverse systems of wireless communication using an antenna array. This study provides an improved version of Capon’s direction of arrival algorithm. In fact, the proposed version uses an upper-triangular matrix extracted from the covariance matrix instead of the entire covariance matrix. The simulation results demonstrate that our proposed scheme can significantly improve the accuracy of direction of arrival estimation with low computation complexity.","PeriodicalId":11748,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88110889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-29DOI: 10.3390/engproc2022014011
H. Khati, H. Talem, Mohand Achour Touat, R. Mellah, S. Guermah
This paper presents the implementation of a Compensatory Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (CANFIS) controller to control an inverted pendulum. This controller is developed in order to readjust the parameters relating to the membership functions and the fuzzy rules used as well as to optimize the dynamics of the latter, using a learning algorithm based on the extended Kalman filter. The CANFIS controller is developed on the Simulink environment of the MATLAB software and is implemented on a Raspberry Pi 3 board, with a view to analyzing its real behavior, and testing its speed as well as its robustness through the use of the “Processor-In-the-Loop” (PIL) technique. The results obtained through PIL tests showed the effectiveness of the neuro-fuzzy controller equipped with a compensator.
提出了一种补偿自适应神经模糊推理系统(CANFIS)控制器来控制倒立摆。该控制器采用基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的学习算法，对隶属函数和模糊规则相关的参数进行调整，并对模糊规则进行动态优化。CANFIS控制器是在MATLAB软件的Simulink环境下开发的，并在Raspberry Pi 3板上实现，通过使用“Processor-In-the-Loop”(PIL)技术来分析其真实行为，并测试其速度和鲁棒性。通过PIL测试得到的结果表明，该神经模糊控制器具有补偿器的有效性。
{"title":"Online Adaptation of a Compensatory Neuro-Fuzzy Controller Parameters Using the Extended Kalman Filter: Application on an Inverted Pendulum","authors":"H. Khati, H. Talem, Mohand Achour Touat, R. Mellah, S. Guermah","doi":"10.3390/engproc2022014011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2022014011","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the implementation of a Compensatory Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (CANFIS) controller to control an inverted pendulum. This controller is developed in order to readjust the parameters relating to the membership functions and the fuzzy rules used as well as to optimize the dynamics of the latter, using a learning algorithm based on the extended Kalman filter. The CANFIS controller is developed on the Simulink environment of the MATLAB software and is implemented on a Raspberry Pi 3 board, with a view to analyzing its real behavior, and testing its speed as well as its robustness through the use of the “Processor-In-the-Loop” (PIL) technique. The results obtained through PIL tests showed the effectiveness of the neuro-fuzzy controller equipped with a compensator.","PeriodicalId":11748,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90060600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-29DOI: 10.3390/engproc2022014010
Achouri Mourad, Y. Zennir
The main aim of our study is to control a 2 DOF robot manipulator with Fuzzy-PI and adjust its parameters with human behavior-based optimization. The fuzzy system that we have introduced is based on Takagi–Sugeno-type: it adequately handles uncertainties, ambiguities and it is able to tune the PID parameters in non-linearity situations. The HBBO was dedicated to find the best scaling factor of fuzzy logic as well as the PI’s parameter. The results of our study show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm to optimize the controller’s parameter; therefore, the dynamics of robot follows perfectly a desired trajectories.
{"title":"Fuzzy-PI Controller Tuned with HBBO for 2 DOF Robot Trajectory Control","authors":"Achouri Mourad, Y. Zennir","doi":"10.3390/engproc2022014010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2022014010","url":null,"abstract":"The main aim of our study is to control a 2 DOF robot manipulator with Fuzzy-PI and adjust its parameters with human behavior-based optimization. The fuzzy system that we have introduced is based on Takagi–Sugeno-type: it adequately handles uncertainties, ambiguities and it is able to tune the PID parameters in non-linearity situations. The HBBO was dedicated to find the best scaling factor of fuzzy logic as well as the PI’s parameter. The results of our study show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm to optimize the controller’s parameter; therefore, the dynamics of robot follows perfectly a desired trajectories.","PeriodicalId":11748,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88630933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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