Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2025.104904
Xiaofeng Chen , Yucheng Zhu , Minghan Li , Chunyan Zhou , Fang Luo , Zechang Li , Jiangyu Zhang , Liguo Xing , Wei Liu
Acetamiprid (ACE), a Neonicotinoid insecticides (NEOs), is highly selective for insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). However, increasing evidence of hazards was reported in mammals. We investigated the effects of ACE on both global DNA methylation and epigenetic change, transcriptomic dysregulation, and neural differentiation. ACE decreased AluYb8 methylation levels in human mesenchymal stem cells. TET2 expression was enhanced suggesting that it was involved in the active DNA demethylation caused by ACE. Global DNA methylation pattern identified 87 significant differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and transcriptomic analysis identified 385 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Pathways related to the psychiatric system, including Alzheimer's disease and TGF-β, were significantly enriched. ACE inhibited the expression of neurogenesis marker MAP2 and SNCA, which was repressed by TETs inhibitor Bobcat339. Our results suggested that exposure to ACE disturbed DNA methylation, and resulted in the impaired neural differentiation revealed by abnormal expression of neuronal and PD-related marker protein.
{"title":"Effects of acetamiprid on DNA methylation, transcriptomics, and neurogenesis in human mesenchymal stem cells","authors":"Xiaofeng Chen , Yucheng Zhu , Minghan Li , Chunyan Zhou , Fang Luo , Zechang Li , Jiangyu Zhang , Liguo Xing , Wei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104904","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104904","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acetamiprid (ACE), a Neonicotinoid insecticides (NEOs), is highly selective for insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). However, increasing evidence of hazards was reported in mammals. We investigated the effects of ACE on both global DNA methylation and epigenetic change, transcriptomic dysregulation, and neural differentiation. ACE decreased AluYb8 methylation levels in human mesenchymal stem cells. TET2 expression was enhanced suggesting that it was involved in the active DNA demethylation caused by ACE. Global DNA methylation pattern identified 87 significant differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and transcriptomic analysis identified 385 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Pathways related to the psychiatric system, including Alzheimer's disease and TGF-β, were significantly enriched. ACE inhibited the expression of neurogenesis marker MAP2 and SNCA, which was repressed by TETs inhibitor Bobcat339. Our results suggested that exposure to ACE disturbed DNA methylation, and resulted in the impaired neural differentiation revealed by abnormal expression of neuronal and PD-related marker protein.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 104904"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-12-29DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2025.104919
Alessandra La Pietra , Teresa Mobilio , Gianluca Fasciolo , Simone Moggio , Angela Belletti , Gabriella Di Natale , Marco Trifuoggi , Paola Venditti , Ida Ferrandino
One of the characteristics of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) is their hydrophobic surface, which allows them to carry other pollutants such as bisphenol A (BPA), known to be endocrine disruptor. This study investigated the co-exposure of 1 µm PS-MPs at 1.0 mgL−1 with BPA at 25.0 µM on zebrafish development. The results on the toxicity parameters showed that PS-MPs and BPA during co-exposure had antagonist effects reducing their effects compared to single exposure, in hatching, neurotoxicity and heart rate. This trend was confirmed by an improvement in the expression of developmental genes observed in the co-exposed group. However, in redox homeostasis analysis emerged that, when together, PS-MPs exacerbated the effects of BPA compared to single exposure in redox homeostasis analysis. The findings showed a dual role of PS-MPs in modulating the effects of BPA providing new information on the risk associated with their simultaneous presence in the aquatic environment.
{"title":"Polystyrene microplastics modulate the toxic effects of bisphenol A in the early stages of zebrafish development","authors":"Alessandra La Pietra , Teresa Mobilio , Gianluca Fasciolo , Simone Moggio , Angela Belletti , Gabriella Di Natale , Marco Trifuoggi , Paola Venditti , Ida Ferrandino","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104919","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104919","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One of the characteristics of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) is their hydrophobic surface, which allows them to carry other pollutants such as bisphenol A (BPA), known to be endocrine disruptor. This study investigated the co-exposure of 1 µm PS-MPs at 1.0 mgL<sup>−1</sup> with BPA at 25.0 µM on zebrafish development. The results on the toxicity parameters showed that PS-MPs and BPA during co-exposure had antagonist effects reducing their effects compared to single exposure, in hatching, neurotoxicity and heart rate. This trend was confirmed by an improvement in the expression of developmental genes observed in the co-exposed group. However, in redox homeostasis analysis emerged that, when together, PS-MPs exacerbated the effects of BPA compared to single exposure in redox homeostasis analysis. The findings showed a dual role of PS-MPs in modulating the effects of BPA providing new information on the risk associated with their simultaneous presence in the aquatic environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 104919"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145879838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-12-15DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2025.104911
Phuoc-Cuong Le , Le Van Hao , Tan Nhat , Hoang-Son Le , Thi Xuan Thuy Le
This study assesses seasonal heavy-metal contamination from gold mining in the Bong Mieu River basin (central Viet Nam) and examines its association with human xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme phenotypes. In sediments, As and Pb consistently exceeded Vietnamese sediment quality limits, by 4.1–25.4 × for As and 2.3–7.8 × for Pb, whereas other metals generally remained within regulatory thresholds. River water exhibited widespread Pb exceedances at all sites and occasional. As exceedances, with higher concentrations in the dry season. Regression analyses indicated strong water–sediment coupling for As, Pb, Hg, Cd, and Zn, supporting shared transport and accumulation processes. Season-resolved Pearson correlations, HCA, PCA, and APCS-MLR source apportionment revealed a dominant mining-derived multi-metal signal year-round, intensified and spatially mixed under monsoon hydrology. Enzyme phenotypes varied with the mixed-metal exposure gradient: sites with higher As/Pb burdens showed higher frequencies of slow NAT2 and intermediate/slow CYP450 phenotypes, and longer residence was associated with higher NAT2 rapid-phenotype frequency.
{"title":"Arsenic and lead exposure in vietnamese gold mining communities: A case study of metabolic enzyme impacts","authors":"Phuoc-Cuong Le , Le Van Hao , Tan Nhat , Hoang-Son Le , Thi Xuan Thuy Le","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104911","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study assesses seasonal heavy-metal contamination from gold mining in the Bong Mieu River basin (central Viet Nam) and examines its association with human xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme phenotypes. In sediments, As and Pb consistently exceeded Vietnamese sediment quality limits, by 4.1–25.4 × for As and 2.3–7.8 × for Pb, whereas other metals generally remained within regulatory thresholds. River water exhibited widespread Pb exceedances at all sites and occasional. As exceedances, with higher concentrations in the dry season. Regression analyses indicated strong water–sediment coupling for As, Pb, Hg, Cd, and Zn, supporting shared transport and accumulation processes. Season-resolved Pearson correlations, HCA, PCA, and APCS-MLR source apportionment revealed a dominant mining-derived multi-metal signal year-round, intensified and spatially mixed under monsoon hydrology. Enzyme phenotypes varied with the mixed-metal exposure gradient: sites with higher As/Pb burdens showed higher frequencies of slow NAT2 and intermediate/slow CYP450 phenotypes, and longer residence was associated with higher NAT2 rapid-phenotype frequency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 104911"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145776925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siloxanes, common in cosmetics and personal care products, carry environmental and health risks due to persistence and bioaccumulation. This study measured 17 siloxanes in dust and human hair from a university campus in Hainan Province, China, confirming widespread contamination. In dust samples, the ƩSiloxane concentrations ranged from 58.6 to 12,359 ng/g, with ƩLinear significantly predominating over ƩCyclic. In human hair, ƩSiloxane concentrations ranged from 4.60 to 14,205 ng/g, also showing higher ƩLinear levels compared to ƩCyclic. The primary siloxanes in both matrices were L10, L9, and L11. Dust and hair siloxanes correlated significantly, identifying dust as a major source. Gender differences were observed, with female students showing higher siloxane concentrations in hair and greater exposure doses through dust ingestion (4.88 ng/kg bw/d) compared to male students (2.05 ng/kg bw/d). Given the higher exposure doses observed compared to other common organic pollutants, the potential health risks associated with siloxane exposure warrant further investigation.
{"title":"Occurrence, compositional profiles, and human exposure of siloxanes in dust and human hair from a university campus in Hainan, China","authors":"Wenming Chen, Xinmei Wang, Liying Wang, Yingxuan Wu, Jun Wu, Chuanbiao Xu, Jiliang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104901","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104901","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Siloxanes, common in cosmetics and personal care products, carry environmental and health risks due to persistence and bioaccumulation. This study measured 17 siloxanes in dust and human hair from a university campus in Hainan Province, China, confirming widespread contamination. In dust samples, the ƩSiloxane concentrations ranged from 58.6 to 12,359 ng/g, with ƩLinear significantly predominating over ƩCyclic. In human hair, ƩSiloxane concentrations ranged from 4.60 to 14,205 ng/g, also showing higher ƩLinear levels compared to ƩCyclic. The primary siloxanes in both matrices were L10, L9, and L11. Dust and hair siloxanes correlated significantly, identifying dust as a major source. Gender differences were observed, with female students showing higher siloxane concentrations in hair and greater exposure doses through dust ingestion (4.88 ng/kg bw/d) compared to male students (2.05 ng/kg bw/d). Given the higher exposure doses observed compared to other common organic pollutants, the potential health risks associated with siloxane exposure warrant further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 104901"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-12-15DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2025.104912
Alice Gabetti , Camilla Mossotto , Francesca Provenza , Serena Anselmi , Alessandra Maganza , Giuseppe Esposito , Maria Vittoria Riina , Alessandra Griglione , Stefania Squadrone , Monia Renzi , Antonia Concetta Elia , Marino Prearo , Paolo Pastorino
The increasing anthropogenic release of gadolinium (Gd) from medical contrast agents raises concern regarding its fate and ecotoxicological effects in freshwater ecosystems. Gd may reach alpine lakes through atmospheric deposition, entering environments already fragile due to extreme conditions. This study examined the sublethal effects of Gd on the alpine copepod Cyclops abyssorum under simulated winter conditions (4 °C, darkness). Organisms were exposed for 14 days to 1–150 µg/L Gd, and oxidative stress biomarkers were measured. Glutathione peroxidase activity increased with concentration, while malondialdehyde indicated lipid peroxidation. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase showed non-linear responses, suggesting physiological thresholds or enzyme inhibition. The Threshold-based Integrative Biomarker Response (IBR-T) index revealed progressively higher stress at intermediate and high exposures. Overall, the results indicate that Gd can induce oxidative stress in cold-adapted zooplankton, emphasizing the importance of assessing contaminant risks in alpine lakes using non-model species and realistic exposure scenarios.
{"title":"What lies beneath the ice? How gadolinium affects Cyclops abyssorum during Alpine winters","authors":"Alice Gabetti , Camilla Mossotto , Francesca Provenza , Serena Anselmi , Alessandra Maganza , Giuseppe Esposito , Maria Vittoria Riina , Alessandra Griglione , Stefania Squadrone , Monia Renzi , Antonia Concetta Elia , Marino Prearo , Paolo Pastorino","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing anthropogenic release of gadolinium (Gd) from medical contrast agents raises concern regarding its fate and ecotoxicological effects in freshwater ecosystems. Gd may reach alpine lakes through atmospheric deposition, entering environments already fragile due to extreme conditions. This study examined the sublethal effects of Gd on the alpine copepod <em>Cyclops abyssorum</em> under simulated winter conditions (4 °C, darkness). Organisms were exposed for 14 days to 1–150 µg/L Gd, and oxidative stress biomarkers were measured. Glutathione peroxidase activity increased with concentration, while malondialdehyde indicated lipid peroxidation. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase showed non-linear responses, suggesting physiological thresholds or enzyme inhibition. The Threshold-based Integrative Biomarker Response (IBR-T) index revealed progressively higher stress at intermediate and high exposures. Overall, the results indicate that Gd can induce oxidative stress in cold-adapted zooplankton, emphasizing the importance of assessing contaminant risks in alpine lakes using non-model species and realistic exposure scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 104912"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145776899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aftermath of air pollution comprising diesel exhaust on male reproduction necessitates comprehensive understanding. As an extension of our previous findings, the present study was designed to investigate the role of whole body exposure to filtered fraction of diesel exhaust on the male reproductive health of juvenile Wistar rats. The rats were subjected to clean air (CAG-J)/filtered diesel exhaust (FDG-J) exposure (n = 8/group) separately in an indigenously developed whole body exposure chamber, for 6 weeks (6 h/day and 5 days/week). Results showed a significant decline testicular weights, sperm concentration, % motility, serum testosterone, LH levels in serum and testes along with testicular GSTs with alterations in histoarchitecture of testicular tissue in FDG-J. Furthermore, we observed a significant increase in % sperm morphological defects, testicular testosterone, 17 β-estradiol, and serum prolactin. These findings demonstrate that disrupted endocrine regulation and oxidant/antioxidant balance can affect testicular function in younger males.
{"title":"Filtered diesel exhaust via whole body exposure disrupts male reproductive function through dysregulated endocrine axis and subdued testicular GSTs in juvenile Wistar rats","authors":"Swarnabha Sarkar , Aditya Dontham , Ravindran Revand , Abhishek Kandpal , Debabrata Dasgupta , Bahni Ray , Mayank Kumar , Asmita Patil","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104902","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104902","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aftermath of air pollution comprising diesel exhaust on male reproduction necessitates comprehensive understanding. As an extension of our previous findings, the present study was designed to investigate the role of whole body exposure to filtered fraction of diesel exhaust on the male reproductive health of juvenile Wistar rats. The rats were subjected to clean air (CAG-J)/filtered diesel exhaust (FDG-J) exposure (n = 8/group) separately in an indigenously developed whole body exposure chamber, for 6 weeks (6 h/day and 5 days/week). Results showed a significant decline testicular weights, sperm concentration, % motility, serum testosterone, LH levels in serum and testes along with testicular GSTs with alterations in histoarchitecture of testicular tissue in FDG-J. Furthermore, we observed a significant increase in % sperm morphological defects, testicular testosterone, 17 β-estradiol, and serum prolactin. These findings demonstrate that disrupted endocrine regulation and oxidant/antioxidant balance can affect testicular function in younger males.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 104902"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years, soil pollution from emerging contaminants has attracted significant global attention. These contaminants comprise a wide range of substances, including industrial by-products, pharmaceuticals, personal care products, pesticides, microplastics, phthalates, nanomaterials, and their transformation products. Their diverse nature and persistence in environment pose serious threats to soil functionality, plant health. Every year, the production and discharge of these compounds contribute to their extensive distribution worldwide. Many of these emerging contaminants exhibit strong soil adsorption and bioaccumulation capacity within food webs, leading to their persistence in both terrestrial and aquatic systems leading to complex, often unpredictable ecological consequences. This review synthesizes recent findings on the sources and environmental impacts of emerging contaminants, with a particular focus on plants. It highlights their effects on plant growth, the mechanisms of phytotoxicity, and the broader implications for crop productivity, soil health, and agricultural sustainability. By elucidating the interactions between these contaminants and plant systems, this work also underscores the need for effective mitigation strategies to protect ecosystems, food security, and human well-being.
{"title":"Emerging contaminants and their influence on plants: An in-depth review","authors":"Sadia Aziz , Sania Zaib , Azhar Iqbal , Muhammad Asif Chuadhry , Shaheen Shahzad , Bikram Dhara , Athanasios Alexiou , Partha Biswas , Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim , Shabana Bibi","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104872","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104872","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, soil pollution from emerging contaminants has attracted significant global attention. These contaminants comprise a wide range of substances, including industrial by-products, pharmaceuticals, personal care products, pesticides, microplastics, phthalates, nanomaterials, and their transformation products. Their diverse nature and persistence in environment pose serious threats to soil functionality, plant health. Every year, the production and discharge of these compounds contribute to their extensive distribution worldwide. Many of these emerging contaminants exhibit strong soil adsorption and bioaccumulation capacity within food webs, leading to their persistence in both terrestrial and aquatic systems leading to complex, often unpredictable ecological consequences. This review synthesizes recent findings on the sources and environmental impacts of emerging contaminants, with a particular focus on plants. It highlights their effects on plant growth, the mechanisms of phytotoxicity, and the broader implications for crop productivity, soil health, and agricultural sustainability. By elucidating the interactions between these contaminants and plant systems, this work also underscores the need for effective mitigation strategies to protect ecosystems, food security, and human well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 104872"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145575042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-11-30DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2025.104882
Georges Khoury , Laura Deen , Harald William Meyer , Kajsa Ugelvig Petersen , Jens Peter Bonde , Karin Sørig Hougaard , Marie Frederiksen , Marcus Kjær Sørensen , Sidsel Dan Hull , Regitze Sølling Wils , Sandra Søgaard Tøttenborg
Background
Lower-chlorinated polychlorinated biphenyls (LC-PCBs) can evaporate from original materials in older buildings and be inhaled by inhabitants. Prenatal exposure to LC-PCBs may interfere with fetal lung development, with consequences for adult lung function.
Objective
Determine the effect of prenatal LC-PCB exposure on adult lung function.
Methods
We included 184 adult males whose mothers lived in two partially LC-PCB contaminated residential areas leading up to their pregnancy. Spirometry assessed forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁) and forced vital capacity (FVC). Z-scores standardized measurements. Associations were estimated using linear regression, with subsequent smoking stratification.
Results
Prenatally exposed individuals (n = 72) had 120 mL lower FEV1 (95 % CI: −280, 30) and 120 mL lower FVC (95 % CI: −310, 70) compared to unexposed individuals. Responses were intensified in ever smokers, and absent in never smokers.
Conclusion
Prenatal LC-PCBs exposure may reduce lung function in adult males, with later smoking potentially enhancing susceptibility
{"title":"Prenatal exposure to airborne polychlorinated biphenyl congeners and male lung function","authors":"Georges Khoury , Laura Deen , Harald William Meyer , Kajsa Ugelvig Petersen , Jens Peter Bonde , Karin Sørig Hougaard , Marie Frederiksen , Marcus Kjær Sørensen , Sidsel Dan Hull , Regitze Sølling Wils , Sandra Søgaard Tøttenborg","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104882","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104882","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Lower-chlorinated polychlorinated biphenyls (LC-PCBs) can evaporate from original materials in older buildings and be inhaled by inhabitants. Prenatal exposure to LC-PCBs may interfere with fetal lung development, with consequences for adult lung function.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Determine the effect of prenatal LC-PCB exposure on adult lung function.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We included 184 adult males whose mothers lived in two partially LC-PCB contaminated residential areas leading up to their pregnancy. Spirometry assessed forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁) and forced vital capacity (FVC). Z-scores standardized measurements. Associations were estimated using linear regression, with subsequent smoking stratification.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Prenatally exposed individuals (n = 72) had 120 mL lower FEV<sub>1</sub> (95 % CI: −280, 30) and 120 mL lower FVC (95 % CI: −310, 70) compared to unexposed individuals. Responses were intensified in ever smokers, and absent in never smokers.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Prenatal LC-PCBs exposure may reduce lung function in adult males, with later smoking potentially enhancing susceptibility</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 104882"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145619743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2025.104922
Congying Luo , Qiong Zhang , Yingjie Chen , Dinghui Wang , Han Xie , Yimin Zhang , Kusheng Wu
Bisphenols (BPs) are known to exert neurotoxic effects, but comparative studies of their neurotoxicity using equivalent concentrations (instead of identical ones) remain limited. This study assessed the neurotoxicity of bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F (BPF), fluorine-9-bisphenol (BHPF), and bisphenol AF (BPAF) in zebrafish embryos/larvae exposed to concentrations equivalent to 2 % of each BP’s LC50. Results showed all five BPs significantly decreased 72 h post-fertilization (hpf) body length and increased 96 hpf mortality but had no notable impacts on hatching rate, heart rate, or eye span. BPs induced the most prominent hyperactivity and anxiety-like behaviors but impacted the locomotor ability. BPF and BHPF also increased spontaneous tail-coiling frequency under normal and high light, respectively. Molecularly, GABAergic (gad1b, slc6a1b, gabbr1b), dopaminergic (slc6a3, drd1b) and cholinergic (slc5a7a, ache) genes were downregulated. Neurodevelopmental genes (gfap, mbpa, syn2a) were suppressed, while oxidative stress-related genes (sod1, sod2) and metabolic gene cyp3a65 were upregulated. Mechanistically, BPs may trigger oxidative stress and metabolic disruption, interfering with GABAergic/ dopaminergic/cholinergic systems to induce neurobehavioral abnormalities. This study confirms equivalent-concentration comparison as a reliable method for toxicity assessment, highlights the varying neurodevelopmental toxicity of BPs, and provides a basis for environmental chemicals risk management.
{"title":"Comparative study on the neurotoxicity of five bisphenols using zebrafish embryos/larvae models","authors":"Congying Luo , Qiong Zhang , Yingjie Chen , Dinghui Wang , Han Xie , Yimin Zhang , Kusheng Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104922","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104922","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bisphenols (BPs) are known to exert neurotoxic effects, but comparative studies of their neurotoxicity using equivalent concentrations (instead of identical ones) remain limited. This study assessed the neurotoxicity of bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F (BPF), fluorine-9-bisphenol (BHPF), and bisphenol AF (BPAF) in zebrafish embryos/larvae exposed to concentrations equivalent to 2 % of each BP’s LC<sub>50</sub>. Results showed all five BPs significantly decreased 72 h post-fertilization (hpf) body length and increased 96 hpf mortality but had no notable impacts on hatching rate, heart rate, or eye span. BPs induced the most prominent hyperactivity and anxiety-like behaviors but impacted the locomotor ability. BPF and BHPF also increased spontaneous tail-coiling frequency under normal and high light, respectively. Molecularly, GABAergic (<em>gad1b, slc6a1b, gabbr1b</em>), dopaminergic (<em>slc6a3, drd1b</em>) and cholinergic (<em>slc5a7a, ache</em>) genes were downregulated. Neurodevelopmental genes (<em>gfap, mbpa, syn2a</em>) were suppressed, while oxidative stress-related genes (<em>sod1, sod2</em>) and metabolic gene <em>cyp3a65</em> were upregulated. Mechanistically, BPs may trigger oxidative stress and metabolic disruption, interfering with GABAergic/ dopaminergic/cholinergic systems to induce neurobehavioral abnormalities. This study confirms equivalent-concentration comparison as a reliable method for toxicity assessment, highlights the varying neurodevelopmental toxicity of BPs, and provides a basis for environmental chemicals risk management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 104922"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145894560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Honey bees are essential pollinators in agricultural and wild ecosystems, yet their frequent exposure to pesticides poses significant risks. This study examined genotype-specific differences in oral acute toxicity by testing three insecticides: flupyradifurone (Sivanto® Prime), lambda-cyhalothrin (Karate Zeon®), and cyantraniliprole (Minecto™ One), across five European honey bee genotypes: Apis mellifera, A. m. carnica, A. m. ligustica, Buckfast, and a local population from JKI, Braunschweig. Insecticide sensitivity was assessed by calculating LD50 values and performing Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards modeling. Significant genotype-dependent differences were evident, with LD50 values varying up to 3.2-fold across observation times depending on insecticide and genotype. A. m. mellifera showed significantly higher tolerance to lambda-cyhalothrin and to cyantraniliprole, and moderate tolerance to flupyradifurone. These findings highlight that toxicity profiles vary by genotype and insecticide mode of action, underscoring the importance of reporting genotype in ecotoxicological studies to better understand pesticide impacts.
蜜蜂是农业和野生生态系统中必不可少的传粉者，但它们频繁接触农药会带来重大风险。本研究通过测试三种杀虫剂：氟吡喃酮（Sivanto®Prime）、高效氯氟氰菊酯（Karate Zeon®）和氰氨酰丙烯（Minecto™One），检测了五种欧洲蜜蜂基因型：蜜蜂蜜蜂（Apis mellifera mellifera）、a . m. carnica、a . m. ligustica、巴克法斯特（Buckfast）和来自布伦瑞克JKI的当地种群的口服急性毒性的基因型特异性差异。通过计算LD50值、Kaplan-Meier生存分析和Cox比例风险模型评估杀虫剂敏感性。显著的基因型依赖性差异是显而易见的，LD50值在不同的观察时间内变化高达3.2倍，这取决于杀虫剂和基因型。蜜蜂对高效氯氰菊酯和氰虫腈的耐受性显著提高，对氟吡喃酮的耐受性中等。这些发现强调了毒性谱因基因型和杀虫剂作用方式而异，强调了在生态毒理学研究中报告基因型以更好地了解农药影响的重要性。
{"title":"Assessment of genotype-specific sensitivity to three insecticides in honey bees (Apis mellifera) via acute oral exposure","authors":"Bhanu Janam , Abdulrahim T. Alkassab , Jens Pistorius , Sergio Angeli","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104843","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Honey bees are essential pollinators in agricultural and wild ecosystems, yet their frequent exposure to pesticides poses significant risks. This study examined genotype-specific differences in oral acute toxicity by testing three insecticides: flupyradifurone (Sivanto® Prime), lambda-cyhalothrin (Karate Zeon®), and cyantraniliprole (Minecto™ One), across five European honey bee genotypes: <em>Apis mellifera</em>, <em>A. m. carnica</em>, <em>A. m. ligustica</em>, Buckfast, and a local population from JKI, Braunschweig. Insecticide sensitivity was assessed by calculating LD<sub>50</sub> values and performing Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards modeling. Significant genotype-dependent differences were evident, with LD<sub>50</sub> values varying up to 3.2-fold across observation times depending on insecticide and genotype. <em>A. m. mellifera</em> showed significantly higher tolerance to lambda-cyhalothrin and to cyantraniliprole, and moderate tolerance to flupyradifurone. These findings highlight that toxicity profiles vary by genotype and insecticide mode of action, underscoring the importance of reporting genotype in ecotoxicological studies to better understand pesticide impacts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 104843"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145260333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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