Pub Date : 2024-02-05DOI: 10.32526/ennrj/22/20230196
E. Giofandi, Dhanu Sekarjati, C. Sekarrini, Yuska Nelva Sari
Larvisiding is one common way used to reduce mosquito density in breeding areas before metamorphosizing into adults. Despite numerous eradication efforts, the outcomes have not met expectations, leading to additional issues such as environmental pollution in urban areas. In the context of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), addressing the challenge of mitigating the endemic outbreak entails formulating an effective strategy through a vector eradication approach. Therefore, this study explored the spatial pattern of DHF and estimated the potential spread of outbreaks. A geographic information system approach, with nearest neighbor analysis and kernel density estimation (KDE), was used to generate information regarding the pattern and potential for transmission of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The results showed that in 2019, a random pattern was observed, while in 2020, a clustered pattern of virus spread occurred. Furthermore, in terms of the potential transmission, an exposed zone of 9.73 km² was identified in 2019, and this increased to 15.72 km² in 2020. In this study, several important actions were implemented with a spatial approach, enabling the detection and polarization of events. However, the limitations included not being comprehensive in addressing the hygiene, sanitation, drainage, and population density aspects.
{"title":"Fine Scale Modeling for Potential Distribution of Dengue Fever in Tampan District, Indonesia","authors":"E. Giofandi, Dhanu Sekarjati, C. Sekarrini, Yuska Nelva Sari","doi":"10.32526/ennrj/22/20230196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32526/ennrj/22/20230196","url":null,"abstract":"Larvisiding is one common way used to reduce mosquito density in breeding areas before metamorphosizing into adults. Despite numerous eradication efforts, the outcomes have not met expectations, leading to additional issues such as environmental pollution in urban areas. In the context of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), addressing the challenge of mitigating the endemic outbreak entails formulating an effective strategy through a vector eradication approach. Therefore, this study explored the spatial pattern of DHF and estimated the potential spread of outbreaks. A geographic information system approach, with nearest neighbor analysis and kernel density estimation (KDE), was used to generate information regarding the pattern and potential for transmission of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The results showed that in 2019, a random pattern was observed, while in 2020, a clustered pattern of virus spread occurred. Furthermore, in terms of the potential transmission, an exposed zone of 9.73 km² was identified in 2019, and this increased to 15.72 km² in 2020. In this study, several important actions were implemented with a spatial approach, enabling the detection and polarization of events. However, the limitations included not being comprehensive in addressing the hygiene, sanitation, drainage, and population density aspects.","PeriodicalId":11784,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Natural Resources Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139805047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-05DOI: 10.32526/ennrj/22/20230196
E. Giofandi, Dhanu Sekarjati, C. Sekarrini, Yuska Nelva Sari
Larvisiding is one common way used to reduce mosquito density in breeding areas before metamorphosizing into adults. Despite numerous eradication efforts, the outcomes have not met expectations, leading to additional issues such as environmental pollution in urban areas. In the context of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), addressing the challenge of mitigating the endemic outbreak entails formulating an effective strategy through a vector eradication approach. Therefore, this study explored the spatial pattern of DHF and estimated the potential spread of outbreaks. A geographic information system approach, with nearest neighbor analysis and kernel density estimation (KDE), was used to generate information regarding the pattern and potential for transmission of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The results showed that in 2019, a random pattern was observed, while in 2020, a clustered pattern of virus spread occurred. Furthermore, in terms of the potential transmission, an exposed zone of 9.73 km² was identified in 2019, and this increased to 15.72 km² in 2020. In this study, several important actions were implemented with a spatial approach, enabling the detection and polarization of events. However, the limitations included not being comprehensive in addressing the hygiene, sanitation, drainage, and population density aspects.
{"title":"Fine Scale Modeling for Potential Distribution of Dengue Fever in Tampan District, Indonesia","authors":"E. Giofandi, Dhanu Sekarjati, C. Sekarrini, Yuska Nelva Sari","doi":"10.32526/ennrj/22/20230196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32526/ennrj/22/20230196","url":null,"abstract":"Larvisiding is one common way used to reduce mosquito density in breeding areas before metamorphosizing into adults. Despite numerous eradication efforts, the outcomes have not met expectations, leading to additional issues such as environmental pollution in urban areas. In the context of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), addressing the challenge of mitigating the endemic outbreak entails formulating an effective strategy through a vector eradication approach. Therefore, this study explored the spatial pattern of DHF and estimated the potential spread of outbreaks. A geographic information system approach, with nearest neighbor analysis and kernel density estimation (KDE), was used to generate information regarding the pattern and potential for transmission of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The results showed that in 2019, a random pattern was observed, while in 2020, a clustered pattern of virus spread occurred. Furthermore, in terms of the potential transmission, an exposed zone of 9.73 km² was identified in 2019, and this increased to 15.72 km² in 2020. In this study, several important actions were implemented with a spatial approach, enabling the detection and polarization of events. However, the limitations included not being comprehensive in addressing the hygiene, sanitation, drainage, and population density aspects.","PeriodicalId":11784,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Natural Resources Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139864718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.32526/ennrj/22/20230220
B. Abeyrathne, Nilanga Ranatunga, Sahani Chandrasiri, I. Madola
Wawekale Rainforest Reserve (WRR) is a primary lowland tropical rainforest area in the Western Province of Sri Lanka, established with diversity, but disturbed by human activities such as rubber cultivation, logging, poaching, chemical release, and the collection of firewood. Visual Encounter Surveys (VES) were conducted for 100 hours in the year 2022, which covered wide habitat distribution. The herpetofaunal diversity was measured in the WRR which can indicate broader ecological shifts, environmental changes, or habitat degradation. Water quality was measured in the WRR area to determine the ecosystem health and human impact. The study reports 171 species in 73 families, including two Critically Endangered (1.17%), six Endangered (3.51%), 16 Vulnerable (9.36%), and 14 Near Threatened (8.19%) species according to the IUCN Red List. The study area showed 51 endemic faunal species in Sri Lanka, which represented 29.83% of endemism. Based on the observations conducted on the herpetofauna diversity, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H) was calculated and the overall herpetofauna (H’H) showed high diversity within the forest premises. The water quality of the forest fragment had an influence from anthropogenic activities such as removing forest cover, bathing, washing vehicles, and releasing agro-chemical compounds resulting in high water temperature, basic pH level, high electrical conductivity, and high total dissolved solid conditions. The WRR, designated under protection, exhibits the need for immediate remedial actions to mitigate human-induced pollution and deforestation, emphasizing the critical importance of implementing proactive conservation measures to sustain ecological integrity and preserve biodiversity.
{"title":"Faunal Diversity and the Ecological Aspects of a Community-Based Fragmented Lowland Rainforest Patch in Western Province, Sri Lanka","authors":"B. Abeyrathne, Nilanga Ranatunga, Sahani Chandrasiri, I. Madola","doi":"10.32526/ennrj/22/20230220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32526/ennrj/22/20230220","url":null,"abstract":"Wawekale Rainforest Reserve (WRR) is a primary lowland tropical rainforest area in the Western Province of Sri Lanka, established with diversity, but disturbed by human activities such as rubber cultivation, logging, poaching, chemical release, and the collection of firewood. Visual Encounter Surveys (VES) were conducted for 100 hours in the year 2022, which covered wide habitat distribution. The herpetofaunal diversity was measured in the WRR which can indicate broader ecological shifts, environmental changes, or habitat degradation. Water quality was measured in the WRR area to determine the ecosystem health and human impact. The study reports 171 species in 73 families, including two Critically Endangered (1.17%), six Endangered (3.51%), 16 Vulnerable (9.36%), and 14 Near Threatened (8.19%) species according to the IUCN Red List. The study area showed 51 endemic faunal species in Sri Lanka, which represented 29.83% of endemism. Based on the observations conducted on the herpetofauna diversity, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H) was calculated and the overall herpetofauna (H’H) showed high diversity within the forest premises. The water quality of the forest fragment had an influence from anthropogenic activities such as removing forest cover, bathing, washing vehicles, and releasing agro-chemical compounds resulting in high water temperature, basic pH level, high electrical conductivity, and high total dissolved solid conditions. The WRR, designated under protection, exhibits the need for immediate remedial actions to mitigate human-induced pollution and deforestation, emphasizing the critical importance of implementing proactive conservation measures to sustain ecological integrity and preserve biodiversity.","PeriodicalId":11784,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Natural Resources Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139886645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.32526/ennrj/22/20230220
B. Abeyrathne, Nilanga Ranatunga, Sahani Chandrasiri, I. Madola
Wawekale Rainforest Reserve (WRR) is a primary lowland tropical rainforest area in the Western Province of Sri Lanka, established with diversity, but disturbed by human activities such as rubber cultivation, logging, poaching, chemical release, and the collection of firewood. Visual Encounter Surveys (VES) were conducted for 100 hours in the year 2022, which covered wide habitat distribution. The herpetofaunal diversity was measured in the WRR which can indicate broader ecological shifts, environmental changes, or habitat degradation. Water quality was measured in the WRR area to determine the ecosystem health and human impact. The study reports 171 species in 73 families, including two Critically Endangered (1.17%), six Endangered (3.51%), 16 Vulnerable (9.36%), and 14 Near Threatened (8.19%) species according to the IUCN Red List. The study area showed 51 endemic faunal species in Sri Lanka, which represented 29.83% of endemism. Based on the observations conducted on the herpetofauna diversity, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H) was calculated and the overall herpetofauna (H’H) showed high diversity within the forest premises. The water quality of the forest fragment had an influence from anthropogenic activities such as removing forest cover, bathing, washing vehicles, and releasing agro-chemical compounds resulting in high water temperature, basic pH level, high electrical conductivity, and high total dissolved solid conditions. The WRR, designated under protection, exhibits the need for immediate remedial actions to mitigate human-induced pollution and deforestation, emphasizing the critical importance of implementing proactive conservation measures to sustain ecological integrity and preserve biodiversity.
{"title":"Faunal Diversity and the Ecological Aspects of a Community-Based Fragmented Lowland Rainforest Patch in Western Province, Sri Lanka","authors":"B. Abeyrathne, Nilanga Ranatunga, Sahani Chandrasiri, I. Madola","doi":"10.32526/ennrj/22/20230220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32526/ennrj/22/20230220","url":null,"abstract":"Wawekale Rainforest Reserve (WRR) is a primary lowland tropical rainforest area in the Western Province of Sri Lanka, established with diversity, but disturbed by human activities such as rubber cultivation, logging, poaching, chemical release, and the collection of firewood. Visual Encounter Surveys (VES) were conducted for 100 hours in the year 2022, which covered wide habitat distribution. The herpetofaunal diversity was measured in the WRR which can indicate broader ecological shifts, environmental changes, or habitat degradation. Water quality was measured in the WRR area to determine the ecosystem health and human impact. The study reports 171 species in 73 families, including two Critically Endangered (1.17%), six Endangered (3.51%), 16 Vulnerable (9.36%), and 14 Near Threatened (8.19%) species according to the IUCN Red List. The study area showed 51 endemic faunal species in Sri Lanka, which represented 29.83% of endemism. Based on the observations conducted on the herpetofauna diversity, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H) was calculated and the overall herpetofauna (H’H) showed high diversity within the forest premises. The water quality of the forest fragment had an influence from anthropogenic activities such as removing forest cover, bathing, washing vehicles, and releasing agro-chemical compounds resulting in high water temperature, basic pH level, high electrical conductivity, and high total dissolved solid conditions. The WRR, designated under protection, exhibits the need for immediate remedial actions to mitigate human-induced pollution and deforestation, emphasizing the critical importance of implementing proactive conservation measures to sustain ecological integrity and preserve biodiversity.","PeriodicalId":11784,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Natural Resources Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139826678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.32526/ennrj/22/20230153
Sura Pattanakiat, Sirasit Vongvassana, T. Phutthai, Pisut Nakmuenwai, Theerawut Chiyanon, Voravart Ratanadilok Na Bhuket, Thunyapat Sattraburut, Pathomphot Chinsawadphan, Kajornsak Khincharung
Nonthaburi, a suburban province adjacent to the Bangkok Metropolis, has experienced a reduction in green spaces due to urban expansion. This study quantified Nonthaburi’s green space through visual interpretation of land use and land cover (LULC) using THEOS and Sentinel-2. Areas of green space were extracted using remote sensing indices and pixel-based classification based on THEOS. The extracted green area was then integrated with the existing LULC patterns to align with the green space characteristic established by Thailand’s Office of Natural Resource and Environmental Policy and Planning. This includes public services, functional utility, median strips, community economics, fallow, and natural green space. The analysis of green space management and planning utilized the Urban Green Space Index (UGSI), Per Capita Green Space (PCGS), and accessibility to public green space. The results revealed that Nonthaburi comprises a green space area of 465.29 km2 or 73.06%, exhibiting a higher prevalence within its western region while displaying a relatively lower extent in the urban zone adjacent to the Bangkok Metropolis. The per capita green space is 367.71 m2 but decreases to 255.82 m2 when accounting for the latent population, meaning it still meets the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Currently, only six parks (single and clusters) meet the criteria for public green space. Additionally, both fallow and median strip green spaces (at road interchanges) need to be considered for their potential use in new public service. Furthermore, very high-resolution imagery from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) should be used for green space planning by the organization.
{"title":"Spatial Green Space Assessment in Suburbia: Implications for Urban Development","authors":"Sura Pattanakiat, Sirasit Vongvassana, T. Phutthai, Pisut Nakmuenwai, Theerawut Chiyanon, Voravart Ratanadilok Na Bhuket, Thunyapat Sattraburut, Pathomphot Chinsawadphan, Kajornsak Khincharung","doi":"10.32526/ennrj/22/20230153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32526/ennrj/22/20230153","url":null,"abstract":"Nonthaburi, a suburban province adjacent to the Bangkok Metropolis, has experienced a reduction in green spaces due to urban expansion. This study quantified Nonthaburi’s green space through visual interpretation of land use and land cover (LULC) using THEOS and Sentinel-2. Areas of green space were extracted using remote sensing indices and pixel-based classification based on THEOS. The extracted green area was then integrated with the existing LULC patterns to align with the green space characteristic established by Thailand’s Office of Natural Resource and Environmental Policy and Planning. This includes public services, functional utility, median strips, community economics, fallow, and natural green space. The analysis of green space management and planning utilized the Urban Green Space Index (UGSI), Per Capita Green Space (PCGS), and accessibility to public green space. The results revealed that Nonthaburi comprises a green space area of 465.29 km2 or 73.06%, exhibiting a higher prevalence within its western region while displaying a relatively lower extent in the urban zone adjacent to the Bangkok Metropolis. The per capita green space is 367.71 m2 but decreases to 255.82 m2 when accounting for the latent population, meaning it still meets the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Currently, only six parks (single and clusters) meet the criteria for public green space. Additionally, both fallow and median strip green spaces (at road interchanges) need to be considered for their potential use in new public service. Furthermore, very high-resolution imagery from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) should be used for green space planning by the organization.","PeriodicalId":11784,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Natural Resources Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139537238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The PCLake model has not previously been used for tropical reservoirs. This study attempted to apply the PCLake model to predict the chlorophyll a concentrations (Chl-a) in a tropical reservoir in Thailand. Sensitivity analyses were performed for the constants affecting the prediction of Chl-a in the phytoplankton module. The model calibration was performed by using the adjusted value of the most sensitive constant with the observed data from July to December 2020. The effects of the initial trophic state of the reservoir on the simulated Chl-a were evaluated. The results showed that Chl-a were sensitive to six constants. Among these constants, the value of the specific extinction of detritus (cExtSpDet) was adjusted using the calculated values from the typical limnological parameters of the studied reservoir. Statistical analyses of the results of calibration and the subsequent validation with the observed data from February to September 2022 were listed as follows: NSE=0.55 and 0.37, RSR=0.67 and 0.79, and PBIAS=27% and 9%, respectively. The initial trophic state of the reservoir had no influence on the long-term prediction of Chl-a. This preliminary effort indicates that the PCLake model can be used to predict Chl-a, which is representative of algal biomass in tropical reservoirs and is essential to water quality models, without complex modifications.
{"title":"Feasible Application of PCLake Model to Predict Water Quality in Tropical Reservoirs","authors":"Pongsakorn Wongpipun, Sanya Sirivithayapakorn, Narumol Vongthanasunthorn","doi":"10.32526/ennrj/22/20230251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32526/ennrj/22/20230251","url":null,"abstract":"The PCLake model has not previously been used for tropical reservoirs. This study attempted to apply the PCLake model to predict the chlorophyll a concentrations (Chl-a) in a tropical reservoir in Thailand. Sensitivity analyses were performed for the constants affecting the prediction of Chl-a in the phytoplankton module. The model calibration was performed by using the adjusted value of the most sensitive constant with the observed data from July to December 2020. The effects of the initial trophic state of the reservoir on the simulated Chl-a were evaluated. The results showed that Chl-a were sensitive to six constants. Among these constants, the value of the specific extinction of detritus (cExtSpDet) was adjusted using the calculated values from the typical limnological parameters of the studied reservoir. Statistical analyses of the results of calibration and the subsequent validation with the observed data from February to September 2022 were listed as follows: NSE=0.55 and 0.37, RSR=0.67 and 0.79, and PBIAS=27% and 9%, respectively. The initial trophic state of the reservoir had no influence on the long-term prediction of Chl-a. This preliminary effort indicates that the PCLake model can be used to predict Chl-a, which is representative of algal biomass in tropical reservoirs and is essential to water quality models, without complex modifications.","PeriodicalId":11784,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Natural Resources Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139395443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) are commonly used to pellet seeds. Different bacterial strains affect germination and plant growth in varying ways. The objective of this experiment was to study the effects of seed pelleting with three strains of bacteria on changes in germination, vigor, seedling growth, and the plant growth of lettuce. The experiment followed a completely randomized design with four repetitions and five treatments: without pelleting (T1), pelleting with CaSO4-zeolite only (T2), pelleting with 1×107 CFU/mL Stenotrophomonas sp. strain sk3 (T3), pelleting with 1×108 CFU/mL Burkholderia sp. strain 3-DB05 (T4), and pelleting with 1×108 CFU/mL Enterobacter sp. strain 4-RB05 (T5). Burkholderia sp. and Enterobacter sp. were more effective in producing indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and pelleting seeds with these strains resulted in higher germination rates and seedling growth compared to unpelleted seeds when tested in both laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Seed pelleting with 1×108 CFU/mL Enterobacter sp. promoted plant growth and resulted in significantly higher leaf and root weight. Therefore, seed pelleting with 1×108 CFU/mL Enterobacter sp. strain 4-RB05 is recommended to improve the germination and plant growth of Red Oak Leaf lettuce seeds.
{"title":"Effect of Seed Pelleting Application of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria on Germination and Growth of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa)","authors":"Phetcharat Jeephet, Nararat Thawong, Chuthamat Atnaseo, Sutheera Hermhuk, Jakkrapong Kangsopa","doi":"10.32526/ennrj/22/20230176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32526/ennrj/22/20230176","url":null,"abstract":"Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) are commonly used to pellet seeds. Different bacterial strains affect germination and plant growth in varying ways. The objective of this experiment was to study the effects of seed pelleting with three strains of bacteria on changes in germination, vigor, seedling growth, and the plant growth of lettuce. The experiment followed a completely randomized design with four repetitions and five treatments: without pelleting (T1), pelleting with CaSO4-zeolite only (T2), pelleting with 1×107 CFU/mL Stenotrophomonas sp. strain sk3 (T3), pelleting with 1×108 CFU/mL Burkholderia sp. strain 3-DB05 (T4), and pelleting with 1×108 CFU/mL Enterobacter sp. strain 4-RB05 (T5). Burkholderia sp. and Enterobacter sp. were more effective in producing indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and pelleting seeds with these strains resulted in higher germination rates and seedling growth compared to unpelleted seeds when tested in both laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Seed pelleting with 1×108 CFU/mL Enterobacter sp. promoted plant growth and resulted in significantly higher leaf and root weight. Therefore, seed pelleting with 1×108 CFU/mL Enterobacter sp. strain 4-RB05 is recommended to improve the germination and plant growth of Red Oak Leaf lettuce seeds.","PeriodicalId":11784,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Natural Resources Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139395812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.32526/ennrj/22/20230124
Sudipta Kundu Swarna, Mehmud Al Muntasir, M. M. Mahbub, S. Nusrin, Jesmin Jesmin
Plastic products are so extensively used that they continue to strain the already overburdened waste management system and, inevitably, the global climate. Biodegradation is a sustainable remedy. Here, we report a few microorganisms isolated from landfill soil near Dhaka that thrive especially on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polymers. Soil samples were subjected to three enrichment cycles that contained no carbon except PET. Pure isolates were recovered and incubated on minimal agar containing PET as the sole carbon. A morphological examination was carried out. Potential PET-degrading enzyme sequences from the isolates and other microalgae were analyzed for homology using BLASTP and TBLASTN, and multiple sequence alignment (MSA) was performed to assess conserved domains. Six isolates were obtained. Two isolates grew around the PET film but did not grow sufficiently in other areas of the minimal agar. Two other isolates with greenish pigmentation flourished around the PET film as well as on other areas of the agar. One of the green cells resembled Aphanocapsa, with irregular shapes and occasionally brown dense bodies, while the others looked round like Microcystis. Homology analysis revealed the hypothetical PETases in green cells contained the highly conserved catalytic triad (Ser-His-Asp) at the active site, as always found in alpha-beta hydrolase fold containing enzymes. Microbes isolated from two landfill sites in the vicinity of Dhaka have been adapted to utilize PET as a carbon source. In the future, sequencing and further characterization would be necessary to validate the findings. Microalgal systems demand increased focus, given their potential to offer valuable resources for bioremediation.
塑料制品的使用如此广泛，继续给已经不堪重负的废物管理系统带来压力，并不可避免地影响全球气候。生物降解是一种可持续的补救措施。在此，我们报告了从达卡附近的垃圾填埋场土壤中分离出的几种微生物，这些微生物特别能在聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（PET）聚合物上生长。对土壤样本进行了三次富集循环，其中除 PET 外不含任何碳。纯分离物被回收并在含有 PET 作为唯一碳的最小琼脂上培养。进行形态学检查。使用 BLASTP 和 TBLASTN 分析了分离物和其他微藻中潜在的 PET 降解酶序列的同源性，并进行了多序列比对（MSA）以评估保守结构域。共获得六种分离物。两个分离株在 PET 薄膜周围生长，但在最小琼脂的其他区域生长不充分。另外两个带有绿色色素的分离株在 PET 薄膜周围以及琼脂的其他区域生长旺盛。其中一个绿色细胞类似于 Aphanocapsa，形状不规则，偶尔有棕色致密体，而其他细胞则像微囊藻一样呈圆形。同源性分析表明，绿色细胞中的假定 PET 酶在活性位点上含有高度保守的催化三元组（Ser-His-Asp），这在含α-β水解酶折叠的酶中总是可以找到。从达卡附近的两个垃圾填埋场分离出的微生物已适应利用 PET 作为碳源。今后，有必要进行测序和进一步特征描述，以验证研究结果。鉴于微型藻类系统具有为生物修复提供宝贵资源的潜力，因此需要给予更多关注。
{"title":"Microbes Isolated from Landfill Soil Utilize Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) as Their Sole Source of Carbon: An Unexplored Possibility of Bioremediation in Bangladesh","authors":"Sudipta Kundu Swarna, Mehmud Al Muntasir, M. M. Mahbub, S. Nusrin, Jesmin Jesmin","doi":"10.32526/ennrj/22/20230124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32526/ennrj/22/20230124","url":null,"abstract":"Plastic products are so extensively used that they continue to strain the already overburdened waste management system and, inevitably, the global climate. Biodegradation is a sustainable remedy. Here, we report a few microorganisms isolated from landfill soil near Dhaka that thrive especially on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polymers. Soil samples were subjected to three enrichment cycles that contained no carbon except PET. Pure isolates were recovered and incubated on minimal agar containing PET as the sole carbon. A morphological examination was carried out. Potential PET-degrading enzyme sequences from the isolates and other microalgae were analyzed for homology using BLASTP and TBLASTN, and multiple sequence alignment (MSA) was performed to assess conserved domains. Six isolates were obtained. Two isolates grew around the PET film but did not grow sufficiently in other areas of the minimal agar. Two other isolates with greenish pigmentation flourished around the PET film as well as on other areas of the agar. One of the green cells resembled Aphanocapsa, with irregular shapes and occasionally brown dense bodies, while the others looked round like Microcystis. Homology analysis revealed the hypothetical PETases in green cells contained the highly conserved catalytic triad (Ser-His-Asp) at the active site, as always found in alpha-beta hydrolase fold containing enzymes. Microbes isolated from two landfill sites in the vicinity of Dhaka have been adapted to utilize PET as a carbon source. In the future, sequencing and further characterization would be necessary to validate the findings. Microalgal systems demand increased focus, given their potential to offer valuable resources for bioremediation.","PeriodicalId":11784,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Natural Resources Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139456053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.32526/ennrj/22/20230179
M. Mujiyo, Suciati Dwi Nuraeni, J. Syamsiyah, A. Herawati
Carbon sequestration is obtained from the total accumulation of the element in both soil and plants. The enhancement has the capacity to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and influence soil quality and fertility, thereby affecting plant biomass and crop yield. Therefore, this research aimed to compare the total carbon sequestration in rice field with different farming systems, determine soil characteristics, and identify the correlation between the total carbon sequestration and impact on rice yield. An exploratory-descriptive method was used through field survey and laboratory analysis. The locations were mapped by overlaying the Indonesian landform map of the Girimarto District with various rice field systems, soil types, and slopes. Furthermore, the 12 Land Mapping Units (LMU) with 3-time repetitions resulted in 36 sampling points. Data were processed by calculating total carbon sequestration and statistical tests such as one-way ANOVA and Pearson's correlation. The results showed that rice field farming systems affected the total carbon sequestration. Organic farming had the highest total carbon sequestration value of 72.49 Mg/ha and the increase had a strongly positive correlation with crop yield of paddy. Crop yield in organic farming were higher than in semi-organic and conventional systems by 8.92 tons/ha. Factors that determined total carbon sequestration were soil C-organic and microbial biomass C. The suggested improvement recommendations were the transition of conventional and semi-organic farming as well as adding a variety of organic fertilizers such as biofertilizers.
{"title":"Effect of Farming Systems on Soil Carbon Sequestration and Crop Yield of Paddy (Oryza sativa L.) in Irrigated Rice Field","authors":"M. Mujiyo, Suciati Dwi Nuraeni, J. Syamsiyah, A. Herawati","doi":"10.32526/ennrj/22/20230179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32526/ennrj/22/20230179","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon sequestration is obtained from the total accumulation of the element in both soil and plants. The enhancement has the capacity to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and influence soil quality and fertility, thereby affecting plant biomass and crop yield. Therefore, this research aimed to compare the total carbon sequestration in rice field with different farming systems, determine soil characteristics, and identify the correlation between the total carbon sequestration and impact on rice yield. An exploratory-descriptive method was used through field survey and laboratory analysis. The locations were mapped by overlaying the Indonesian landform map of the Girimarto District with various rice field systems, soil types, and slopes. Furthermore, the 12 Land Mapping Units (LMU) with 3-time repetitions resulted in 36 sampling points. Data were processed by calculating total carbon sequestration and statistical tests such as one-way ANOVA and Pearson's correlation. The results showed that rice field farming systems affected the total carbon sequestration. Organic farming had the highest total carbon sequestration value of 72.49 Mg/ha and the increase had a strongly positive correlation with crop yield of paddy. Crop yield in organic farming were higher than in semi-organic and conventional systems by 8.92 tons/ha. Factors that determined total carbon sequestration were soil C-organic and microbial biomass C. The suggested improvement recommendations were the transition of conventional and semi-organic farming as well as adding a variety of organic fertilizers such as biofertilizers.","PeriodicalId":11784,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Natural Resources Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139454024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.32526/ennrj/22/20230182
Ariya Watcharawitthaya, Natee Srisawat, S. Chiarakorn
This research aimed to utilise coconut shell waste as a raw material to produce compressed coconut shell sheets by using environmentally friendly adhesive from epoxidized natural latex and gelatinized tapioca starch. The coconut shells were cut into 1-mm particles and mixed with the adhesive. The mixture was then compressed in a 30×30×0.5 cm mould using a hydraulic compression machine at 5 MPa and 170°C for 5 minutes to form a compressed coconut shell sheet. The different ratios of adhesive to coconut shell particles (30, 40, and 50 g) per 100 g of coconut shell and the different ratios of gelatinized tapioca starch and epoxidized natural rubber (ranging from 1:0, 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, to 4:1 by weight) were examined. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed to analyse the morphology and chemical composition of the coconut shell sheets, respectively. The physical and mechanical properties of the compressed coconut shell sheets were evaluated based on the Thai Industrial Standard (TIS) number 876-2547 for flat pressed particleboards. The results demonstrate successful production of compressed coconut shell sheets from coconut shell waste using the environmentally friendly adhesive. ENR played a role in networking between lignin and cellulose. While GTS improved the strength of the composite using hydrogen bonding. The optimal ratio of adhesive to coconut shell particles was 40 g of the green adhesive per 100 g of coconut shell. The optimal ratio of gelatinized tapioca starch to epoxidized natural rubber was 2:1 by weight. The coconut shell sheets produced from this study were uniform in shape, had unique textures, and met industry standards for wood substitute materials.
{"title":"Wood Substitute Material from Coconut Shell Waste and Green Adhesive","authors":"Ariya Watcharawitthaya, Natee Srisawat, S. Chiarakorn","doi":"10.32526/ennrj/22/20230182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32526/ennrj/22/20230182","url":null,"abstract":"This research aimed to utilise coconut shell waste as a raw material to produce compressed coconut shell sheets by using environmentally friendly adhesive from epoxidized natural latex and gelatinized tapioca starch. The coconut shells were cut into 1-mm particles and mixed with the adhesive. The mixture was then compressed in a 30×30×0.5 cm mould using a hydraulic compression machine at 5 MPa and 170°C for 5 minutes to form a compressed coconut shell sheet. The different ratios of adhesive to coconut shell particles (30, 40, and 50 g) per 100 g of coconut shell and the different ratios of gelatinized tapioca starch and epoxidized natural rubber (ranging from 1:0, 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, to 4:1 by weight) were examined. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed to analyse the morphology and chemical composition of the coconut shell sheets, respectively. The physical and mechanical properties of the compressed coconut shell sheets were evaluated based on the Thai Industrial Standard (TIS) number 876-2547 for flat pressed particleboards. The results demonstrate successful production of compressed coconut shell sheets from coconut shell waste using the environmentally friendly adhesive. ENR played a role in networking between lignin and cellulose. While GTS improved the strength of the composite using hydrogen bonding. The optimal ratio of adhesive to coconut shell particles was 40 g of the green adhesive per 100 g of coconut shell. The optimal ratio of gelatinized tapioca starch to epoxidized natural rubber was 2:1 by weight. The coconut shell sheets produced from this study were uniform in shape, had unique textures, and met industry standards for wood substitute materials.","PeriodicalId":11784,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Natural Resources Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139455963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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