Ye Wu, Peiyu You, Wuchao Hua, Cuilong Liu, Shuaimin Zhang, Youping Liu
To investigate the impact behavior and residual strength of glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) laminates embedded with/without steel wire mesh, low-velocity-impact (LVI) and post-impact tensile tests are conducted carefully. According to the wire diameter and spacing of steel wire mesh, we manufactured two groups of specimens via conventional vacuum-assisted resin infusion. Further, the digital image correlation technique was applied to record the strain evolution. Based on the results, including impact response history, failure morphology, strain contour, the failure mechanism and effect of the parameters of steel wire mesh is revealed in detail. The results show that the embedding of wire mesh can improve the impact resistance and residual strength, with a more significant effect as both the increase of wire diameter and decrease of wire spacing. Compared with GFRP laminates, the peak force of specimens with the thickest and densest wire mesh increase by 105% and 141% under LVI tests and 254% and 141% in post-impact tensile tests, respectively.
{"title":"Experimental investigation on damage mechanism of GFRP laminates embedded with/without steel wire mesh under low-velocity-impact and post-impact tensile loading","authors":"Ye Wu, Peiyu You, Wuchao Hua, Cuilong Liu, Shuaimin Zhang, Youping Liu","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2024-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2024-0002","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate the impact behavior and residual strength of glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) laminates embedded with/without steel wire mesh, low-velocity-impact (LVI) and post-impact tensile tests are conducted carefully. According to the wire diameter and spacing of steel wire mesh, we manufactured two groups of specimens via conventional vacuum-assisted resin infusion. Further, the digital image correlation technique was applied to record the strain evolution. Based on the results, including impact response history, failure morphology, strain contour, the failure mechanism and effect of the parameters of steel wire mesh is revealed in detail. The results show that the embedding of wire mesh can improve the impact resistance and residual strength, with a more significant effect as both the increase of wire diameter and decrease of wire spacing. Compared with GFRP laminates, the peak force of specimens with the thickest and densest wire mesh increase by 105% and 141% under LVI tests and 254% and 141% in post-impact tensile tests, respectively.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140565678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Polymer-based transition metal complexes have attracted much attention in many fields of application. In this article, a fluorescent polymer-based transition metal complex was prepared by bonding the transition metal complex with the polymer. First, Schiff base salicylaldehyde ethanolamine (HL) as a ligand was prepared by the reaction of salicylaldehyde with ethanolamine. Then, salicylaldehyde glycolamine Zn(ii) transition metal complexes (ZnL2) were synthesized with HL and Zn2+ as the central ion. Finally, a blue fluorescent waterborne-based polyurethane Zn(ii) complex (ZnL2-WPU) with an antibacterial function was prepared with ZnL2 as a chain extender by modified acetone method. The characteristics of fluorescence, heat stability, and bacteriostasis were characterized. Compared with ZnL2, the UV–vis absorption peak of ZnL2-WPU shows a blue shift of about 20 nm. ZnL2-WPU has a strong blue fluorescence emission at 450 nm, and the intensity increases significantly with ZnL2 content. Surprisingly, the fluorescence lifetime of ZnL2-WPU is obviously increased, reaching more than one time that of ZnL2. Interestingly, the antibacterial efficiency of ZnL2-WPU against E. coli reached an incredible 99%. More importantly, ZnL2-WPU uses water as the dispersing medium, which is more environmentally friendly.
{"title":"A blue fluorescent waterborne polyurethane-based Zn(ii) complex with antibacterial activity","authors":"Xiang Luo, Yuqing Yang, Mingdi Yang, Kehua Zhang, Yuxi Xian, Ping Wang, Hongliang Xu, Xianhai Hu","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0059","url":null,"abstract":"Polymer-based transition metal complexes have attracted much attention in many fields of application. In this article, a fluorescent polymer-based transition metal complex was prepared by bonding the transition metal complex with the polymer. First, Schiff base salicylaldehyde ethanolamine (HL) as a ligand was prepared by the reaction of salicylaldehyde with ethanolamine. Then, salicylaldehyde glycolamine Zn(<jats:sc>ii</jats:sc>) transition metal complexes (ZnL<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>) were synthesized with HL and Zn<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup> as the central ion. Finally, a blue fluorescent waterborne-based polyurethane Zn(<jats:sc>ii</jats:sc>) complex (ZnL<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>-WPU) with an antibacterial function was prepared with ZnL<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> as a chain extender by modified acetone method. The characteristics of fluorescence, heat stability, and bacteriostasis were characterized. Compared with ZnL<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>, the UV–vis absorption peak of ZnL<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>-WPU shows a blue shift of about 20 nm. ZnL<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>-WPU has a strong blue fluorescence emission at 450 nm, and the intensity increases significantly with ZnL<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> content. Surprisingly, the fluorescence lifetime of ZnL<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>-WPU is obviously increased, reaching more than one time that of ZnL<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>. Interestingly, the antibacterial efficiency of ZnL<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>-WPU against <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic> reached an incredible 99%. More importantly, ZnL<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>-WPU uses water as the dispersing medium, which is more environmentally friendly.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140565686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A series of filter rods (FRs) with sodium alginate (SA) modification were prepared by a simple one-pot pre-treatment surface modification method for the retention of typical smoke components. The influences of SA on the physico-chemical properties and adsorption behaviors (or retention characteristics) toward FRs were investigated in detail. Based on the results of XRD, BET, and SEM, it can be inferred that SA modification has no influences on compositions and textural properties of FRs. However, surface modification of FR by SA can greatly improve the hydrophilicity of FR, which is crucial for water retention. In situ diffuse Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy results demonstrate that FR modified by 2 g·L−1 SA presents superior adsorption character for acetone. The differences in the adsorption or retention of water and acetone are ascribed to surface enriched functional groups tuned by surface engineering modification. By contrast, the modification of SA had no obvious effect on the adsorption of CO at room temperature. By contrast, at high temperature, low modification concentration is conducive to the CO2 and CO adsorption. It presents a good perspective for the rational design of new filter materials to reduce the release of harmful components in cigarette smoke.
通过简单的一锅预处理表面改性方法制备了一系列具有海藻酸钠（SA）改性的滤棒（FRs），用于截留典型的烟雾成分。详细研究了海藻酸钠对滤棒物理化学性质和吸附行为（或截留特性）的影响。根据 XRD、BET 和 SEM 的结果，可以推断出 SA 改性对 FR 的成分和纹理特性没有影响。然而，用 SA 对玻璃纤维进行表面改性可以大大提高玻璃纤维的亲水性，而亲水性对保水至关重要。原位扩散傅立叶变换红外光谱分析结果表明，经 2 g-L-1 SA 改性的玻璃纤维对丙酮具有优异的吸附特性。水和丙酮在吸附或保留方面的差异可归因于表面工程改性所调整的表面富官能团。相比之下，SA 的改性在室温下对 CO 的吸附没有明显影响。相反，在高温条件下，低改性浓度有利于 CO2 和 CO 的吸附。这为合理设计新型过滤材料以减少香烟烟雾中有害成分的释放提供了一个良好的视角。
{"title":"Cellulose acetate filter rods tuned by surface engineering modification for typical smoke components adsorption","authors":"Zhi Huang, Hua Liu, Wenjie Zhou, Mengdie Cai, Kangzhong Shi, Ying Zhao, Lisheng Guo","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0054","url":null,"abstract":"A series of filter rods (FRs) with sodium alginate (SA) modification were prepared by a simple one-pot pre-treatment surface modification method for the retention of typical smoke components. The influences of SA on the physico-chemical properties and adsorption behaviors (or retention characteristics) toward FRs were investigated in detail. Based on the results of XRD, BET, and SEM, it can be inferred that SA modification has no influences on compositions and textural properties of FRs. However, surface modification of FR by SA can greatly improve the hydrophilicity of FR, which is crucial for water retention. <jats:italic>In situ</jats:italic> diffuse Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy results demonstrate that FR modified by 2 g·L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> SA presents superior adsorption character for acetone. The differences in the adsorption or retention of water and acetone are ascribed to surface enriched functional groups tuned by surface engineering modification. By contrast, the modification of SA had no obvious effect on the adsorption of CO at room temperature. By contrast, at high temperature, low modification concentration is conducive to the CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> and CO adsorption. It presents a good perspective for the rational design of new filter materials to reduce the release of harmful components in cigarette smoke.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140312806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Norihan Abdullah, Khalina Abdan, Muhammad Huzaifah Mohd Roslim, Mohd Nazren Radzuan, Ayu Rafiqah Shafi, Lee Ching Hao
Despite the increasing interest in polyamide-based composites, few studies on polyamide-based natural fiber composites have been conducted due to their high melting temperatures of polyamide 6 (PA6). In this study, kenaf fiber-reinforced polyamide 6 composites (KF/PA6) were successfully prepared and their properties were investigated. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that the neat PA6 has higher thermal stability with higher melting temperatures of 426°C, respectively, than KF/PA6 composites. The results of the differential scanning calorimeter showed that the glass transition temperature (Tg) of KF/PA6 composites was slightly shifted to a higher temperature at 59°C than that of the neat PA6 at 45°C. The thermal and mechanical characteristics using dynamic mechanical analysis results showed that the storage and loss modulus of the neat PA6 were higher than those of KF/PA6 composites. The neat PA6 showed the maximum tensile strength of 48 MPa; however, the maximum tensile modulus was obtained at 10 wt% KF with 2,100 MPa. The flexural strength and modulus of the neat PA6 were 91 and 2,506 MPa, respectively, which were higher than those of KF/PA6 composites. The impact strength also deteriorated with the addition of KF, from 3.72 to 1.91 kJ·m−2. Voids, fiber pulled-out, and agglomeration were observed in scanning electron microscope analysis on the tensile fractured surfaces.
{"title":"Properties of kenaf fiber-reinforced polyamide 6 composites","authors":"Norihan Abdullah, Khalina Abdan, Muhammad Huzaifah Mohd Roslim, Mohd Nazren Radzuan, Ayu Rafiqah Shafi, Lee Ching Hao","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2022-8112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2022-8112","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the increasing interest in polyamide-based composites, few studies on polyamide-based natural fiber composites have been conducted due to their high melting temperatures of polyamide 6 (PA6). In this study, kenaf fiber-reinforced polyamide 6 composites (KF/PA6) were successfully prepared and their properties were investigated. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that the neat PA6 has higher thermal stability with higher melting temperatures of 426°C, respectively, than KF/PA6 composites. The results of the differential scanning calorimeter showed that the glass transition temperature (<jats:italic>T</jats:italic> <jats:sub>g</jats:sub>) of KF/PA6 composites was slightly shifted to a higher temperature at 59°C than that of the neat PA6 at 45°C. The thermal and mechanical characteristics using dynamic mechanical analysis results showed that the storage and loss modulus of the neat PA6 were higher than those of KF/PA6 composites. The neat PA6 showed the maximum tensile strength of 48 MPa; however, the maximum tensile modulus was obtained at 10 wt% KF with 2,100 MPa. The flexural strength and modulus of the neat PA6 were 91 and 2,506 MPa, respectively, which were higher than those of KF/PA6 composites. The impact strength also deteriorated with the addition of KF, from 3.72 to 1.91 kJ·m<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup>. Voids, fiber pulled-out, and agglomeration were observed in scanning electron microscope analysis on the tensile fractured surfaces.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140312838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eldar Miftakhov, Sofia Mustafina, Andrey Akimov, Svetlana Mustafina
This article presents a novel simulation approach for solving the inverse problem of kinetic heterogeneity in polymerization processes, specifically focusing on the production of polyisoprene using a gadolinium chloride solvate-based catalytic system. The proposed method is based on the assumption that the distribution of active centers (ACs) can be described by model distributions. By utilizing primary physicochemical data, such as the polymerization rate and molecular weight distribution, the simulation approach automatically identifies the kinetic parameters, determining the Frenkel statistical parameter and solving the problem of kinetic heterogeneity. The experimental results revealed the presence of at least three distinct types of ACs, each contributing different proportions to the polymerization process. The simulation approach offers valuable insights into the complexities of catalytic systems and their role in polymerization, paving the way for optimizing reaction conditions and advancing industrial polymer synthesis processes. This study marks a significant step forward in understanding and controlling polymerization reactions, with potential implications for the development of innovative materials and industrial applications.
{"title":"Simulation approach to study kinetic heterogeneity of gadolinium catalytic system in the 1,4-cis-polyisoprene production","authors":"Eldar Miftakhov, Sofia Mustafina, Andrey Akimov, Svetlana Mustafina","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0131","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a novel simulation approach for solving the inverse problem of kinetic heterogeneity in polymerization processes, specifically focusing on the production of polyisoprene using a gadolinium chloride solvate-based catalytic system. The proposed method is based on the assumption that the distribution of active centers (ACs) can be described by model distributions. By utilizing primary physicochemical data, such as the polymerization rate and molecular weight distribution, the simulation approach automatically identifies the kinetic parameters, determining the Frenkel statistical parameter and solving the problem of kinetic heterogeneity. The experimental results revealed the presence of at least three distinct types of ACs, each contributing different proportions to the polymerization process. The simulation approach offers valuable insights into the complexities of catalytic systems and their role in polymerization, paving the way for optimizing reaction conditions and advancing industrial polymer synthesis processes. This study marks a significant step forward in understanding and controlling polymerization reactions, with potential implications for the development of innovative materials and industrial applications.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140302323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Two-dimensional models of die-melt and die-gas-melt were created using Polyflow software. The radial and axial directions flow rate, shear rate, pressure, and first normal stress of the specimen were numerically simulated under conventional extrusion and gas-assisted extrusion while taking into consideration the heat transfer on the free surface of the specimen. The crystallinity was determined by combining the simulation data with the crystallization kinetics equation. The computation results are then examined using Origin software. The findings demonstrate that the use of gas-assisted extrusion technology can cause the Vx to decrease or even turn negative by reducing the friction between the melting edge and the die wall. Additionally, it makes Vy, pressure, shear rate, temperature, first normal stress, and crystallinity increasingly steady and aids in reducing or avoiding the Barus effect. The crystallization phenomena can be measured by using the crystallization kinetics equation. The study of extruded parts at the microscopic level will benefit from this application.
{"title":"Comparative analysis of flow factors and crystallinity in conventional extrusion and gas-assisted extrusion","authors":"Xuemei Huang, Hesheng Liu, Xingyuan Huang, Yibin Huang, Zhong Yu","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0076","url":null,"abstract":"Two-dimensional models of die-melt and die-gas-melt were created using Polyflow software. The radial and axial directions flow rate, shear rate, pressure, and first normal stress of the specimen were numerically simulated under conventional extrusion and gas-assisted extrusion while taking into consideration the heat transfer on the free surface of the specimen. The crystallinity was determined by combining the simulation data with the crystallization kinetics equation. The computation results are then examined using Origin software. The findings demonstrate that the use of gas-assisted extrusion technology can cause the <jats:italic>V<jats:sub>x</jats:sub> </jats:italic> to decrease or even turn negative by reducing the friction between the melting edge and the die wall. Additionally, it makes <jats:italic>V<jats:sub>y</jats:sub> </jats:italic>, pressure, shear rate, temperature, first normal stress, and crystallinity increasingly steady and aids in reducing or avoiding the Barus effect. The crystallization phenomena can be measured by using the crystallization kinetics equation. The study of extruded parts at the microscopic level will benefit from this application.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140202306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A scalable approach for manufacturing highly stretchable thermochromic wrapped yarns has been reported previously. Herein, the effects of twist-related technological parameters, namely, wrapping density and outer-inner twist ratio are investigated and have been optimized by technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). The results indicate that the preparatory twist-related parameters have a remarkable effect on the spiral geometrical configuration of yarn constituents, and thus in turn influencing the final tensile and elastic properties of wrapped yarns. The wrapping density of 800 T·m−1 and outer-inner twist ratio of 1.25 were considered as the optimal alternative using TOPSIS. Moreover, a negative relation between voltage and color-changing time of yarn spun with optimal parameters was established. It was also found that the color of yarn above elevated triggered voltages always switched from purple to pink but followed different color-changing paths. More importantly, thermochromic response of yarn is insensitive to the applied strain.
{"title":"Twist-related parametric optimization of Joule heating-triggered highly stretchable thermochromic wrapped yarns using technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution","authors":"Yong Wang, Zihan Yuan, Mingkun Qi, Lizheng Zhang, Mingwei Li, Wei Wang, Changlong Li","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2024-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2024-0009","url":null,"abstract":"A scalable approach for manufacturing highly stretchable thermochromic wrapped yarns has been reported previously. Herein, the effects of twist-related technological parameters, namely, wrapping density and outer-inner twist ratio are investigated and have been optimized by technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). The results indicate that the preparatory twist-related parameters have a remarkable effect on the spiral geometrical configuration of yarn constituents, and thus in turn influencing the final tensile and elastic properties of wrapped yarns. The wrapping density of 800 T·m<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> and outer-inner twist ratio of 1.25 were considered as the optimal alternative using TOPSIS. Moreover, a negative relation between voltage and color-changing time of yarn spun with optimal parameters was established. It was also found that the color of yarn above elevated triggered voltages always switched from purple to pink but followed different color-changing paths. More importantly, thermochromic response of yarn is insensitive to the applied strain.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140202397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To address the undesirable reactions associated with matrine (MAT) injection in clinical settings, a high-loading drug delivery system (DDS) based on pH-sensitive molecularly imprinted polymer (MAT@MIPs) was prepared for the first time. The imprinted materials containing recognition sites for the matrine were formed by using carboxyl-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes as a supportive matrix and dopamine as a cross-linker due to its exceptional biocompatibility. Subsequently, the optimal reaction conditions and adsorption performance of MAT@MIPs were systematically investigated. The obtained polymers were characterized and evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, elemental analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. Results indicated that the MIPs demonstrated a favorable imprinting factor (2.36) and a high binding capacity (21.48 mg·g−1) for matrine. In vitro studies, we performed cell counting kit-8 assays in HepG2 cells, then the drug delivery capabilities of MAT-loaded MIPs were validated through light microscopy analyses, and the matrine content in culture medium was quantified using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrum synchronously. The facile fabrication of MAT@MIPs presents a viable solution for designing high-loading and pH-responsive DDS, which can offer a novel administration approach for drugs requiring injection in clinical applications.
{"title":"Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of a pH-responsive molecular imprinted polymer for Matrine as an intelligent drug delivery system","authors":"Yanhui Ge, Liuyang Ding, Yubo Liu, Xiong Li","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0184","url":null,"abstract":"To address the undesirable reactions associated with matrine (MAT) injection in clinical settings, a high-loading drug delivery system (DDS) based on pH-sensitive molecularly imprinted polymer (MAT@MIPs) was prepared for the first time. The imprinted materials containing recognition sites for the matrine were formed by using carboxyl-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes as a supportive matrix and dopamine as a cross-linker due to its exceptional biocompatibility. Subsequently, the optimal reaction conditions and adsorption performance of MAT@MIPs were systematically investigated. The obtained polymers were characterized and evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, elemental analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. Results indicated that the MIPs demonstrated a favorable imprinting factor (2.36) and a high binding capacity (21.48 mg·g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>) for matrine. <jats:italic>In vitro</jats:italic> studies, we performed cell counting kit-8 assays in HepG2 cells, then the drug delivery capabilities of MAT-loaded MIPs were validated through light microscopy analyses, and the matrine content in culture medium was quantified using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrum synchronously. The facile fabrication of MAT@MIPs presents a viable solution for designing high-loading and pH-responsive DDS, which can offer a novel administration approach for drugs requiring injection in clinical applications.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140202301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yilin Tu, Xu Li, Hongyuan Huang, Chen Chen, Gang Liu, Youping Liu, Ye Wu
To study the impact response and compression-after-impact (CAI) behavior of perforated sandwich panels comprised of foam core and glass fiber-reinforced epoxy hybrid facesheets, the hole diameter of specimens is changed in the fabrication via vacuum-assisted resin infusion. Furthermore, low-velocity-impact tests with various impact distances between the impact point and hole are carried out. With the help of the digital image correlation technique, CAI testing is conducted, and the strain evolution of specimens is monitored carefully. The mechanical response history, damage morphology, and compressive process are discussed in detail. The results show that the impact and CAI performance of specimens are weakened because of open holes. Compared with the non-perforated specimen, the maximum force of the specimen with a 6-mm hole and the 5-mm impact distance decreases by 41.21%, and its maximum displacement increases by 38.60%. During the CAI process, in comparison with the impact damage, more significant stress concentration and buckling around the hole are found.
为了研究由泡沫夹芯和玻璃纤维增强环氧混合面层组成的穿孔夹芯板的冲击响应和冲击后压缩（CAI）行为，在制作过程中通过真空辅助树脂灌注改变了试样的孔径。此外，还进行了冲击点与孔之间不同冲击距离的低速冲击试验。在数字图像相关技术的帮助下，进行了 CAI 试验，并仔细监测了试样的应变演变。详细讨论了机械响应历史、损伤形态和压缩过程。结果表明，试样的冲击和 CAI 性能因开孔而减弱。与无孔试样相比，孔径为 6 毫米、冲击距离为 5 毫米的试样的最大力下降了 41.21%，最大位移增加了 38.60%。在 CAI 过程中，与冲击破坏相比，孔周围的应力集中和屈曲更为明显。
{"title":"Experimental evaluation on compression-after-impact behavior of perforated sandwich panel comprised of foam core and glass fiber reinforced epoxy hybrid facesheets","authors":"Yilin Tu, Xu Li, Hongyuan Huang, Chen Chen, Gang Liu, Youping Liu, Ye Wu","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2024-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2024-0021","url":null,"abstract":"To study the impact response and compression-after-impact (CAI) behavior of perforated sandwich panels comprised of foam core and glass fiber-reinforced epoxy hybrid facesheets, the hole diameter of specimens is changed in the fabrication via vacuum-assisted resin infusion. Furthermore, low-velocity-impact tests with various impact distances between the impact point and hole are carried out. With the help of the digital image correlation technique, CAI testing is conducted, and the strain evolution of specimens is monitored carefully. The mechanical response history, damage morphology, and compressive process are discussed in detail. The results show that the impact and CAI performance of specimens are weakened because of open holes. Compared with the non-perforated specimen, the maximum force of the specimen with a 6-mm hole and the 5-mm impact distance decreases by 41.21%, and its maximum displacement increases by 38.60%. During the CAI process, in comparison with the impact damage, more significant stress concentration and buckling around the hole are found.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140167970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The pursuit of high-performance polyolefin materials has been an objective for chemists. Recently, the development of multinuclear catalysts has significantly enabled the preparation of high-performance polyolefin materials. In this review, we mainly focus on the cooperative effects of multinuclear early transition metal catalysts and provide a comprehensive summary of the research progress in binuclear and multinuclear early transition metal catalysts over the past decade. Compared with the catalytic performance and polymer structure of these catalysts with mononuclear catalysts, we have found that various factors, such as steric hindrance effect, electronic effect, heteroatom effect, hydrogen bonding interaction, the distance between metal centers in multinuclear metal catalysts, and the use of additives, have distinctive and significant impacts on catalyst performance. These effects give rise to notable cooperative effects. This review offers crucial insights and serves as a valuable reference for shaping the future development directions of binuclear and multinuclear early transition metal catalysts.
{"title":"Recent advancements in multinuclear early transition metal catalysts for olefin polymerization through cooperative effects","authors":"Qiang Yue, Rong Gao, Zhihui Song, Jingjing Lai, Randi Zhang, Ying Wang, Qingqiang Gou","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0195","url":null,"abstract":"The pursuit of high-performance polyolefin materials has been an objective for chemists. Recently, the development of multinuclear catalysts has significantly enabled the preparation of high-performance polyolefin materials. In this review, we mainly focus on the cooperative effects of multinuclear early transition metal catalysts and provide a comprehensive summary of the research progress in binuclear and multinuclear early transition metal catalysts over the past decade. Compared with the catalytic performance and polymer structure of these catalysts with mononuclear catalysts, we have found that various factors, such as steric hindrance effect, electronic effect, heteroatom effect, hydrogen bonding interaction, the distance between metal centers in multinuclear metal catalysts, and the use of additives, have distinctive and significant impacts on catalyst performance. These effects give rise to notable cooperative effects. This review offers crucial insights and serves as a valuable reference for shaping the future development directions of binuclear and multinuclear early transition metal catalysts.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140167972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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