Yi Chen, Ting Feng, Yifei Long, Cheng Pan, Guozhi Fan, Bai Juan, Guangsen Song
Cellulose acetate oleate (CAO)-reinforced poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) composites were prepared by the solvent casting method. The influence of the addition of CAO on the mechanical property, thermal property, disintegration property, compatibility, and hydrophobicity of PBAT/CAO composites was investigated. Compared with PBAT, the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of PBAT/CAO with 4 wt% CAO were increased by 9.5% and 25.7%, and the disintegration rate was also increased by 2.8 times. The results of morphological property, contact angle, and water vapor transmission indicated that the PBAT/CAO composites had good interfacial interaction and compatibility, and the hydrophobicity was improved. PBAT/CAO was applied to strawberry preservation, and it showed excellent freshness retention performance. Moreover, a possible degradation pathway for PBAT/CAO composite was proposed. This work provided a way for the preparation and performance improvement of biodegradable materials, which is expected to be applied in the packaging field.
{"title":"Cellulose acetate oleate-reinforced poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) composite materials","authors":"Yi Chen, Ting Feng, Yifei Long, Cheng Pan, Guozhi Fan, Bai Juan, Guangsen Song","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0145","url":null,"abstract":"Cellulose acetate oleate (CAO)-reinforced poly(butylene adipate-<jats:italic>co</jats:italic>-terephthalate) (PBAT) composites were prepared by the solvent casting method. The influence of the addition of CAO on the mechanical property, thermal property, disintegration property, compatibility, and hydrophobicity of PBAT/CAO composites was investigated. Compared with PBAT, the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of PBAT/CAO with 4 wt% CAO were increased by 9.5% and 25.7%, and the disintegration rate was also increased by 2.8 times. The results of morphological property, contact angle, and water vapor transmission indicated that the PBAT/CAO composites had good interfacial interaction and compatibility, and the hydrophobicity was improved. PBAT/CAO was applied to strawberry preservation, and it showed excellent freshness retention performance. Moreover, a possible degradation pathway for PBAT/CAO composite was proposed. This work provided a way for the preparation and performance improvement of biodegradable materials, which is expected to be applied in the packaging field.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139052928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To obtain better airflow field characteristics of melt-blowing and acquire slender melt-blowing fiber, a new die with multi-channel of melt-blowing airflow was designed. The airflow field under the spinneret hole of the melt-blowing die was simulated and analyzed using computational fluid dynamics method, and distribution rules of the ordinary die and the new die on the airflow field along the spinning centerline were compared and discussed. The melt-blowing fiber diameter distribution for the ordinary die and the new die was numerically calculated using a stretching model of the melt-blowing fiber. In contrast with an ordinary die, the new melt-blowing die enhances the average speed in main stretching zone by 89.8% and increases the peak speed by 50.4%. The higher airflow temperature of new die improves the softening degree and melting fluidity of the polymer. Meanwhile, the smaller turbulence intensity and the reverse speed of the new die make airflow more stable and reduce disturbance and adhesion of the fiber, and a larger pressure difference and a peak pressure can accelerate the refinement and attenuation of the fiber. The new melt-blowing die with airflow multi-channel is conducive to extension, which is a better choice in the manufacturing process of nonwoven melt-blowing fibers.
{"title":"Numerical simulation into influence of airflow channel quantities on melt-blowing airflow field in processing of polymer fiber","authors":"Dongjun Guo, Zhisong Zhu, Jie Yuan","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0126","url":null,"abstract":"To obtain better airflow field characteristics of melt-blowing and acquire slender melt-blowing fiber, a new die with multi-channel of melt-blowing airflow was designed. The airflow field under the spinneret hole of the melt-blowing die was simulated and analyzed using computational fluid dynamics method, and distribution rules of the ordinary die and the new die on the airflow field along the spinning centerline were compared and discussed. The melt-blowing fiber diameter distribution for the ordinary die and the new die was numerically calculated using a stretching model of the melt-blowing fiber. In contrast with an ordinary die, the new melt-blowing die enhances the average speed in main stretching zone by 89.8% and increases the peak speed by 50.4%. The higher airflow temperature of new die improves the softening degree and melting fluidity of the polymer. Meanwhile, the smaller turbulence intensity and the reverse speed of the new die make airflow more stable and reduce disturbance and adhesion of the fiber, and a larger pressure difference and a peak pressure can accelerate the refinement and attenuation of the fiber. The new melt-blowing die with airflow multi-channel is conducive to extension, which is a better choice in the manufacturing process of nonwoven melt-blowing fibers.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139052969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yongqi Yang, Zekai Ren, Xiawei Li, Youjun Yan, Jun Liu, Meng Lian, Guangyao Liu, Xin Luo
Hybrid nanogels that are both thermosensitive and superparamagnetic, and have good biocompatibility are expected to have applications in the biomedical field. In this article, a linearly thermosensitive magnetic microgel was prepared by a radical copolymerization reaction in aqueous dispersion. In this reaction, poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate was used as a crosslinker, polyvinylpyrrolidone was used as a stabilizer, and 2-methoxyethyl acrylate, poly(ethylene glycol)methyl ether acrylate, and 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl acetoacetate were used as copolymer monomers. The thermosensitive magnetic microgel displays a linear volume phase transition in water upon heating over a wide range of temperatures. Transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering were used to characterize the morphology and dimensions of the thermosensitive magnetic microgel. This material is expected to be used in magnetically targeted drug delivery systems that require linear drug release.
{"title":"Preparation and characterization of magnetic microgels with linear thermosensitivity over a wide temperature range","authors":"Yongqi Yang, Zekai Ren, Xiawei Li, Youjun Yan, Jun Liu, Meng Lian, Guangyao Liu, Xin Luo","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0161","url":null,"abstract":"Hybrid nanogels that are both thermosensitive and superparamagnetic, and have good biocompatibility are expected to have applications in the biomedical field. In this article, a linearly thermosensitive magnetic microgel was prepared by a radical copolymerization reaction in aqueous dispersion. In this reaction, poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate was used as a crosslinker, polyvinylpyrrolidone was used as a stabilizer, and 2-methoxyethyl acrylate, poly(ethylene glycol)methyl ether acrylate, and 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl acetoacetate were used as copolymer monomers. The thermosensitive magnetic microgel displays a linear volume phase transition in water upon heating over a wide range of temperatures. Transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering were used to characterize the morphology and dimensions of the thermosensitive magnetic microgel. This material is expected to be used in magnetically targeted drug delivery systems that require linear drug release.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139030811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. A. Mahmoud, Mazen M. Binmujlli, M. W. Marashdeh, Mamduh J. Aljaafreh, Ahmad Saleh, M. Y. Hanfi
The present work aims to study the effect of the CuSO4 additive on the physical and radiation-shielding properties of polyepoxide resins. As a result, a series of four samples with the chemical composition xCuSO4 + (100 − x) (epoxy resin and hardener) was synthesized. The fabrication of samples was performed under atmospheric pressure and at room temperature. The density of the fabricated CuSO4-doped polyepoxides resin was measured experimentally using an MH-300A densimeter with an accuracy of 0.001 mg·cm−3. A narrow beam transmission method with an NaI (Tl) detector was used to evaluate and describe the effect of CuSO4 on the linear attenuation coefficient of the fabricated composites in the γ-ray energy interval, which ranged between 33 and 1,332 keV. The estimated results showed a high enhancement in the µ values that increased from 0.259 to 1.749 cm−1, raising the CuSO4 concentration from 0 to 40 wt% at a γ-photon energy of 33 keV. The enhancement in the µ values decreased with an increase in the γ-photon energy to 1,332 keV, whereas the µ values increased from 0.077 to 0.102 cm−1 with an increase in the CuSO4 concentration between 0 and 40 wt%, respectively. This showed that increased µ values positively affected the half-value thickness (Δ0.5, cm), mean free path (λ, cm), lead equivalent thickness (Δeq, cm), and the transmission factor (%); all of the mentioned parameters suffer a considerable decrease with increasing CuSO4 concentration between 0 and 40 wt%.
{"title":"Gamma-ray shielding analysis using the experimental measurements for copper(ii) sulfate-doped polyepoxide resins","authors":"K. A. Mahmoud, Mazen M. Binmujlli, M. W. Marashdeh, Mamduh J. Aljaafreh, Ahmad Saleh, M. Y. Hanfi","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0142","url":null,"abstract":"The present work aims to study the effect of the CuSO<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> additive on the physical and radiation-shielding properties of polyepoxide resins. As a result, a series of four samples with the chemical composition <jats:italic>x</jats:italic>CuSO<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> + (100 − <jats:italic>x</jats:italic>) (epoxy resin and hardener) was synthesized. The fabrication of samples was performed under atmospheric pressure and at room temperature. The density of the fabricated CuSO<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>-doped polyepoxides resin was measured experimentally using an MH-300A densimeter with an accuracy of 0.001 mg·cm<jats:sup>−3</jats:sup>. A narrow beam transmission method with an NaI (Tl) detector was used to evaluate and describe the effect of CuSO<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> on the linear attenuation coefficient of the fabricated composites in the γ-ray energy interval, which ranged between 33 and 1,332 keV. The estimated results showed a high enhancement in the <jats:italic>µ</jats:italic> values that increased from 0.259 to 1.749 cm<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>, raising the CuSO<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> concentration from 0 to 40 wt% at a γ-photon energy of 33 keV. The enhancement in the <jats:italic>µ</jats:italic> values decreased with an increase in the γ-photon energy to 1,332 keV, whereas the <jats:italic>µ</jats:italic> values increased from 0.077 to 0.102 cm<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> with an increase in the CuSO<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> concentration between 0 and 40 wt%, respectively. This showed that increased <jats:italic>µ</jats:italic> values positively affected the half-value thickness (<jats:italic>Δ</jats:italic> <jats:sub>0.5</jats:sub>, cm), mean free path (<jats:italic>λ</jats:italic>, cm), lead equivalent thickness (<jats:italic>Δ</jats:italic> <jats:sub>eq</jats:sub>, cm), and the transmission factor (%); all of the mentioned parameters suffer a considerable decrease with increasing CuSO<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> concentration between 0 and 40 wt%.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139030783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hao Li, Zhaogang Yu, Kun Liu, Zhen Tao, Jiangtao Zhang
In this work, the damage accumulation and failure mechanism of glass fiber-reinforced epoxy composite laminates under repeated low velocity impacts were studied considering the influence of stacking sequence. The typical sandwich-like [0°2/90°2]s, angle-ply [±45°]2s and quasi-isotropic [0°/−45°/45°/90°]s laminates were tested at 20 J impact energy. The impact responses including contact force–time/central displacement and energy–time curves were recorded. The tendencies of the peak contact force, maximum displacement, bending stiffness, and energy dissipation with the increase in impact number were analyzed. Damage induced in the laminates was further evaluated. The results show that the impact resistance of the sandwich-like laminate is the weakest with the lowest peak load and the highest energy dissipation. The impact resistance of the quasi-isotropic laminate is better relative to the angle-ply laminate before the occurrence of fiber breakage, whereas the damage tolerance of the angle-ply laminate is higher with relatively slower damage accumulation at subsequent impacts.
{"title":"Damage accumulation and failure mechanism of glass/epoxy composite laminates subjected to repeated low velocity impacts","authors":"Hao Li, Zhaogang Yu, Kun Liu, Zhen Tao, Jiangtao Zhang","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0146","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the damage accumulation and failure mechanism of glass fiber-reinforced epoxy composite laminates under repeated low velocity impacts were studied considering the influence of stacking sequence. The typical sandwich-like [0°<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>/90°<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>]<jats:sub>s</jats:sub>, angle-ply [±45°]<jats:sub>2s</jats:sub> and quasi-isotropic [0°/−45°/45°/90°]<jats:sub>s</jats:sub> laminates were tested at 20 J impact energy. The impact responses including contact force–time/central displacement and energy–time curves were recorded. The tendencies of the peak contact force, maximum displacement, bending stiffness, and energy dissipation with the increase in impact number were analyzed. Damage induced in the laminates was further evaluated. The results show that the impact resistance of the sandwich-like laminate is the weakest with the lowest peak load and the highest energy dissipation. The impact resistance of the quasi-isotropic laminate is better relative to the angle-ply laminate before the occurrence of fiber breakage, whereas the damage tolerance of the angle-ply laminate is higher with relatively slower damage accumulation at subsequent impacts.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138823863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dalal A. Aloraini, Aljawhara H. Almuqrin, M. I. Sayyed, Mohamed Elsafi
In this work, the attenuation properties of silicon rubber (SR) composites reinforced by both micro- and nano-sized Tungsten trioxide (WO3) particles are studied. Different SR composites with different combinations of micro-WO3 and nano-WO3 have been prepared. The main composite, SR-(WO3)60m (40% SR containing 60% micro-WO3), and other compositions were prepared by replacing percentages of microparticles with nanoparticles of WO3. The linear attenuation coefficient for these composites was measured in the range of 0.06–1.333 MeV. The existence of micro and nanoparticles together may result in enhanced interactions with incoming photons, leading to greater shielding. In other words, micro-WO3 and nano-WO3 have various sizes and surface areas. At 0.06 MeV, we notice a distinguished decrease in the half value layer (HVL) from SR-W60m to SR-W60n. The sequence of reducing HVL values (SR-(WO3)60m > SR-(WO3)60n > SR-(WO3)40m20n > SR-(WO3)20m40n > SR-(WO3)30m30n) suggest that the inclusion of both micro- and nano-WO3 contributes to more efficient radiation shielding compared to the reference material. The radiation shielding efficiency (RSE) for SR-(WO3)30m30n at 0.662 MeV is 38.40%. This means that if a beam of photons with energy of 0.662 MeV interacts with SR-W40m20n sample, only 38.12% of the photons are successfully absorbed or stopped, whereas the remaining 61.88% can pass through this sample. At 1.333 MeV, the lowest RSE is observed, which means that the prepared composites have weak attenuation ability at higher energy levels.
{"title":"Variation in tungsten(vi) oxide particle size for enhancing the radiation shielding ability of silicone rubber composites","authors":"Dalal A. Aloraini, Aljawhara H. Almuqrin, M. I. Sayyed, Mohamed Elsafi","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0137","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the attenuation properties of silicon rubber (SR) composites reinforced by both micro- and nano-sized Tungsten trioxide (WO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>) particles are studied. Different SR composites with different combinations of micro-WO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> and nano-WO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> have been prepared. The main composite, SR-(WO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>)<jats:sub>60m</jats:sub> (40% SR containing 60% micro-WO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>), and other compositions were prepared by replacing percentages of microparticles with nanoparticles of WO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>. The linear attenuation coefficient for these composites was measured in the range of 0.06–1.333 MeV. The existence of micro and nanoparticles together may result in enhanced interactions with incoming photons, leading to greater shielding. In other words, micro-WO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> and nano-WO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> have various sizes and surface areas. At 0.06 MeV, we notice a distinguished decrease in the half value layer (HVL) from SR-W60m to SR-W60n. The sequence of reducing HVL values (SR-(WO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>)<jats:sub>60m</jats:sub> > SR-(WO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>)<jats:sub>60n</jats:sub> > SR-(WO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>)<jats:sub>40m20n</jats:sub> > SR-(WO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>)<jats:sub>20m40n</jats:sub> > SR-(WO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>)<jats:sub>30m30n</jats:sub>) suggest that the inclusion of both micro- and nano-WO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> contributes to more efficient radiation shielding compared to the reference material. The radiation shielding efficiency (RSE) for SR-(WO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>)<jats:sub>30m30n</jats:sub> at 0.662 MeV is 38.40%. This means that if a beam of photons with energy of 0.662 MeV interacts with SR-W40m20n sample, only 38.12% of the photons are successfully absorbed or stopped, whereas the remaining 61.88% can pass through this sample. At 1.333 MeV, the lowest RSE is observed, which means that the prepared composites have weak attenuation ability at higher energy levels.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138823940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karma Albalawi, Chellasamy Panneerselvam, Mamdoh S. Moawadh, Adel I. Alalawy, Awatif M. E. Omran, Mahmoud A. Abdelaziz, Zuhair M. Mohammedsaleh, Hatem A. Al-Aoh, Syed Khalid Mustafa, Ali A. Keshk, Majed M. Al-Morwani, Ali Hamzah Alessa, Menier Al-Anazi, Sahar Khateeb
Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are all forms of cancer treatment, as well as more recent methods including interventional radiology and immunotherapy. In this study, we synthesize a novel chitosan (CH) nanocomplex (NC)-based polysaccharide Krestin (PSK) for drug delivery. This technique was used to develop PSK@CH@NC. According to the study, PSK@CH@NC had a particle size of around 500 nm, slight polydispersity as observed under a scanning electron microscope, and a strong positive surface charge of 18 mV. Investigation into the in vitro growth inhibition of the MCF-7 cell line after treatment with CH, PSK, and PSK@CH@NC was followed by morphological changes. Compared to other treatment groups, PSK@CH@NC therapy dramatically reduced the fraction of apoptotic cells, cancer cell survival, and proliferation. Fluorescence analysis was used to examine how PSK@CH@NC affected the distribution of cell cycle phases. This study also shows that a promising foundation for creating cancer nanomedicine can be established by employing new polysaccharides.
{"title":"Enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of Krestin–chitosan nanocomplex for cancer medication via activation of the mitochondrial intrinsic pathway","authors":"Karma Albalawi, Chellasamy Panneerselvam, Mamdoh S. Moawadh, Adel I. Alalawy, Awatif M. E. Omran, Mahmoud A. Abdelaziz, Zuhair M. Mohammedsaleh, Hatem A. Al-Aoh, Syed Khalid Mustafa, Ali A. Keshk, Majed M. Al-Morwani, Ali Hamzah Alessa, Menier Al-Anazi, Sahar Khateeb","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0064","url":null,"abstract":"Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are all forms of cancer treatment, as well as more recent methods including interventional radiology and immunotherapy. In this study, we synthesize a novel chitosan (CH) nanocomplex (NC)-based polysaccharide Krestin (PSK) for drug delivery. This technique was used to develop PSK@CH@NC. According to the study, PSK@CH@NC had a particle size of around 500 nm, slight polydispersity as observed under a scanning electron microscope, and a strong positive surface charge of 18 mV. Investigation into the <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> growth inhibition of the MCF-7 cell line after treatment with CH, PSK, and PSK@CH@NC was followed by morphological changes. Compared to other treatment groups, PSK@CH@NC therapy dramatically reduced the fraction of apoptotic cells, cancer cell survival, and proliferation. Fluorescence analysis was used to examine how PSK@CH@NC affected the distribution of cell cycle phases. This study also shows that a promising foundation for creating cancer nanomedicine can be established by employing new polysaccharides.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138562961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Onpreeya Veang-in, Yottha Srithep, John Morris, Darunee Aussawasathien, Patnarin Worajittiphon
Because of its low thermal stability and brittleness, both the drawbacks of poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) were solved by forming stereocomplex (ST) and its copolymer with poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PLLA–PBAT). In this study, we synthesized PLLA and PLLA–PBAT copolymer by ring-opening polymerization. Both polymers were blended with poly(d-lactide) to form ST crystals. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were added into the polymer matrix at 5 phr by the solvent casting method. The surface resistance of the composite was ≅106 Ω, which is appropriate for electrostatic dissipative purposes. The copolymer and its ST crystallites were confirmed by the peaks in infrared spectra at 922 and 908 cm−1, respectively. The PLLA–PBAT copolymer had 60% lower tensile strength than PLLA and its stereocomplex, but 10% higher elongation at break. The elongation at break of the PLLA–PBAT copolymer/MWCNT composite decreased by 17% while its thermal stability slightly increased when compared to the unfilled copolymer. The melting temperature for both ST PLLA–PBAT copolymers, with and without MWCNTs, was around 225°C, which is 50°C higher than that of the homocrystals. Moreover, the glass transition temperature and crystallinity of the ST PLLA–PBAT copolymer also increased by adding MWCNTs.
{"title":"Stereocomplex PLLA–PBAT copolymer and its composites with multi-walled carbon nanotubes for electrostatic dissipative application","authors":"Onpreeya Veang-in, Yottha Srithep, John Morris, Darunee Aussawasathien, Patnarin Worajittiphon","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0089","url":null,"abstract":"Because of its low thermal stability and brittleness, both the drawbacks of poly(<jats:sc>l</jats:sc>-lactide) (PLLA) were solved by forming stereocomplex (ST) and its copolymer with poly(butylene adipate-<jats:italic>co</jats:italic>-terephthalate) (PLLA–PBAT). In this study, we synthesized PLLA and PLLA–PBAT copolymer by ring-opening polymerization. Both polymers were blended with poly(<jats:sc>d</jats:sc>-lactide) to form ST crystals. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were added into the polymer matrix at 5 phr by the solvent casting method. The surface resistance of the composite was ≅10<jats:sup>6</jats:sup> Ω, which is appropriate for electrostatic dissipative purposes. The copolymer and its ST crystallites were confirmed by the peaks in infrared spectra at 922 and 908 cm<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>, respectively. The PLLA–PBAT copolymer had 60% lower tensile strength than PLLA and its stereocomplex, but 10% higher elongation at break. The elongation at break of the PLLA–PBAT copolymer/MWCNT composite decreased by 17% while its thermal stability slightly increased when compared to the unfilled copolymer. The melting temperature for both ST PLLA–PBAT copolymers, with and without MWCNTs, was around 225°C, which is 50°C higher than that of the homocrystals. Moreover, the glass transition temperature and crystallinity of the ST PLLA–PBAT copolymer also increased by adding MWCNTs.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138562963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract It is vital to conduct research on the behaviour of natural fibre composites under cyclic loading in order to have confidence in the mechanical durability. During this study, the fabrication of composite laminates will be carried out by the hybridization effect of natural and synthetic fibres. Quantifying the impact that the SiC filler (10, 20, and 30 g) has when combined with the fibre reinforcement and epoxy matrix (275 g) under cyclic loading circumstances and determining the significant sequence of hybrid composites are the goals of this research. The results of the tensile mode were used to determine the input parameters, and based on the tensile strength of the hybrid composite, 70% of the tensile strength was fixed at 3 Hz frequency as the input for fatigue analysis. The life span was then determined for the hybrid composite. The results of this fatigue test showed that increasing the amount of SiC nanofillers produced a very high potential output for the fatigue test. As a result of increasing the amount of silicon carbide fillers from 10 to 30 g, sample S3 was able to significantly tolerate 65% more life. Failure mode can be identified from scanning electron microscope analysis revealing the major porosity, matrix crack, and laminate bonding strength that causes the failure during fatigue analysis.
{"title":"Fatigue behaviour of Kevlar/carbon/basalt fibre-reinforced SiC nanofiller particulate hybrid epoxy composite","authors":"Thandavamoorthy Raja, Vinayagam Mohanavel, Palanivel Velmurugan, Kaliappan Seeniappan, Durgesh Pratap Singh, Sinouvassane Djearamane, Lai-Hock Tey, Ling Shing Wong, Saminathan Kayarohanam, Sami Al Obaid, Saleh Alfarraj, Subpiramaniyam Sivakumar","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0048","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract It is vital to conduct research on the behaviour of natural fibre composites under cyclic loading in order to have confidence in the mechanical durability. During this study, the fabrication of composite laminates will be carried out by the hybridization effect of natural and synthetic fibres. Quantifying the impact that the SiC filler (10, 20, and 30 g) has when combined with the fibre reinforcement and epoxy matrix (275 g) under cyclic loading circumstances and determining the significant sequence of hybrid composites are the goals of this research. The results of the tensile mode were used to determine the input parameters, and based on the tensile strength of the hybrid composite, 70% of the tensile strength was fixed at 3 Hz frequency as the input for fatigue analysis. The life span was then determined for the hybrid composite. The results of this fatigue test showed that increasing the amount of SiC nanofillers produced a very high potential output for the fatigue test. As a result of increasing the amount of silicon carbide fillers from 10 to 30 g, sample S3 was able to significantly tolerate 65% more life. Failure mode can be identified from scanning electron microscope analysis revealing the major porosity, matrix crack, and laminate bonding strength that causes the failure during fatigue analysis.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135157099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hammad Yousaf, Ikrima Khalid, Kashif Barkat, Yasir Mehmood, Syed Faisal Badshah, Irfan Anjum, Hiba-Allah Nafidi, Yousef A. Bin Jardan, Mohammed Bourhia
Abstract This research study’s objective was to formulate interpenetrating pH-sensitive polymeric networks interpenetrating networks (IPNs) based on hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC)/Primojel for use in the treatment of various malignant conditions. For controlled release, letrozole (LTZ) was selected as a model drug in HPMC and Primojel-based IPN hydrogels. HPMC and Primojel based IPN hydrogels were fabricated through the free radical polymerization method by utilizing HPMC and Primojel as polymers, methacrylic acid as monomer, ammonium persulfate as initiator, and methylenebisacrylamide as cross-linker. For structural characterization, various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), DSC, TGA, and Powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD) were applied to IPN samples. In vitro and swelling studies were also employed to observe the response of these polymeric networks against 1.2 and 7.4 pH. TGA and DSC of an optimized loaded formulation possess better thermal stability as compared to individual drug. PXRD depicted minor crystallinity and a significant amorphous nature. SEM images show that polymeric networks possess an uneven and porous surface. Significant swelling and enhanced in-vitro outcomes at a high pH of 7.4 confirmed the IPN pH responsive properties. Toxicological studies performed on rabbits revealed no harm in the results. Thus, IPN based on HPMC/Primojel was successfully synthesized and can be used for LTZ’s controlled release.
{"title":"Development of polymeric IPN hydrogels by free radical polymerization technique for extended release of letrozole: Characterization and toxicity evaluation","authors":"Hammad Yousaf, Ikrima Khalid, Kashif Barkat, Yasir Mehmood, Syed Faisal Badshah, Irfan Anjum, Hiba-Allah Nafidi, Yousef A. Bin Jardan, Mohammed Bourhia","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0033","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This research study’s objective was to formulate interpenetrating pH-sensitive polymeric networks interpenetrating networks (IPNs) based on hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC)/Primojel for use in the treatment of various malignant conditions. For controlled release, letrozole (LTZ) was selected as a model drug in HPMC and Primojel-based IPN hydrogels. HPMC and Primojel based IPN hydrogels were fabricated through the free radical polymerization method by utilizing HPMC and Primojel as polymers, methacrylic acid as monomer, ammonium persulfate as initiator, and methylenebisacrylamide as cross-linker. For structural characterization, various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), DSC, TGA, and Powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD) were applied to IPN samples. In vitro and swelling studies were also employed to observe the response of these polymeric networks against 1.2 and 7.4 pH. TGA and DSC of an optimized loaded formulation possess better thermal stability as compared to individual drug. PXRD depicted minor crystallinity and a significant amorphous nature. SEM images show that polymeric networks possess an uneven and porous surface. Significant swelling and enhanced in-vitro outcomes at a high pH of 7.4 confirmed the IPN pH responsive properties. Toxicological studies performed on rabbits revealed no harm in the results. Thus, IPN based on HPMC/Primojel was successfully synthesized and can be used for LTZ’s controlled release.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135661754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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