Mingdong Lei, Ziyou Li, Qiang Gan, Weizhen Zhou, Qiang Li
A series of high temperature vulcanization (HTV) silicone rubbers with TiO2 ultraviolet (UV) shielding layer and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) hydrophobic layer were prepared via stepwise spray method. It was found that the hydrophobic PTFE liquid emulsion (PTFEL) could steadily and tightly adhere to the HTV silicone rubber surface by spray method after pre-mixing with permanent room temperature vulcanized (PRTV) silicone rubber during the first step spray. And the subsequent introduction of TiO2 and PTEF solid powder (PTFES) could improve the UV shielding ability and further increase the hydrophobicity of HTV silicone rubber during the second step spray after pre-blending. The accelerated hygrothermal aging process and UV aging process were used to analyze the effect of coating structure and composition on anti-aging performance. And the results indicated that the HTV silicone rubber with PRTV-PTFEL/TiO2-PTFES composite coating showed a favorable UV shielding ability and also possessed an excellent hydrophobicity due to the introduction of low surface energy matter and the building of coarse micro-nano hydrophobic structure. After the aging process, the cracked micro-surface, increased water absorption and decreased mechanical property were displayed for the neat HTV silicone rubber, and these aging phenomena got dramatically improved for PRTV-PTFEL/TiO2-PTFES coating HTV silicone rubber.
{"title":"Preparation of HTV silicone rubber with hydrophobic–uvioresistant composite coating and the aging research","authors":"Mingdong Lei, Ziyou Li, Qiang Gan, Weizhen Zhou, Qiang Li","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0159","url":null,"abstract":"A series of high temperature vulcanization (HTV) silicone rubbers with TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> ultraviolet (UV) shielding layer and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) hydrophobic layer were prepared via stepwise spray method. It was found that the hydrophobic PTFE liquid emulsion (PTFE<jats:sub>L</jats:sub>) could steadily and tightly adhere to the HTV silicone rubber surface by spray method after pre-mixing with permanent room temperature vulcanized (PRTV) silicone rubber during the first step spray. And the subsequent introduction of TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> and PTEF solid powder (PTFE<jats:sub>S</jats:sub>) could improve the UV shielding ability and further increase the hydrophobicity of HTV silicone rubber during the second step spray after pre-blending. The accelerated hygrothermal aging process and UV aging process were used to analyze the effect of coating structure and composition on anti-aging performance. And the results indicated that the HTV silicone rubber with PRTV-PTFE<jats:sub>L</jats:sub>/TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>-PTFE<jats:sub>S</jats:sub> composite coating showed a favorable UV shielding ability and also possessed an excellent hydrophobicity due to the introduction of low surface energy matter and the building of coarse micro-nano hydrophobic structure. After the aging process, the cracked micro-surface, increased water absorption and decreased mechanical property were displayed for the neat HTV silicone rubber, and these aging phenomena got dramatically improved for PRTV-PTFE<jats:sub>L</jats:sub>/TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>-PTFE<jats:sub>S</jats:sub> coating HTV silicone rubber.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"239 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140565466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To enhance the mechanical properties of the Nitrate Ester Plasticized Polyether solid propellant matrix, the uniaxial tension of multi-component systems is simulated and the factors influencing the mechanical properties of the propellant matrix are investigated. First, mesoscale models of five types of systems include poly alpha olefin (PAO(3)), polyethylene glycol (PEG200, PEG400, PEG600), and 1,4-butanediol (BDO) are established, followed by uniaxial tensile simulations. The results show PEG600, PEG400, PEG200, BDO, and PAO(3) in order of enhancing the mechanical performance of the matrix. Second, the diffusion behavior of nitroglycerin (NG) and butanetriol trinitrate (BTTN) in various systems is investigated. The results show that NG exhibits higher diffusion capacity than BTTN, and the diffusion coefficient increases with an increment in the molecular weight of PEG. Additionally, the influence of different plasticizer ratios (2.8–3.0), curing parameters (1.58–1.62), and chain extension parameters (0.08–0.10) on the mechanical properties of the PEG600 system are investigated. The results demonstrate that as the plasticizer ratio increases, there is a gradual decrease in the modulus of the matrix. Additionally, an increase in the curing parameter leads to a substantial enhancement in the tensile strength of the matrix, while increasing the chain extension parameter significantly expands the maximum tensile length of the matrix. Finally, employing the Slip-Spring model, the effects of the physical and chemical cross-linked network of the propellant are simulated. The result shows that increasing the content of a chemical cross-linked network significantly improves the tensile strength of the matrix.
{"title":"Mesoscale mechanics investigation of multi-component solid propellant systems","authors":"Lipeng Zhang, Chen Chen, Xianqiong Tang, Xing Zhou","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2024-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2024-0006","url":null,"abstract":"To enhance the mechanical properties of the Nitrate Ester Plasticized Polyether solid propellant matrix, the uniaxial tension of multi-component systems is simulated and the factors influencing the mechanical properties of the propellant matrix are investigated. First, mesoscale models of five types of systems include poly alpha olefin (PAO(3)), polyethylene glycol (PEG200, PEG400, PEG600), and 1,4-butanediol (BDO) are established, followed by uniaxial tensile simulations. The results show PEG600, PEG400, PEG200, BDO, and PAO(3) in order of enhancing the mechanical performance of the matrix. Second, the diffusion behavior of nitroglycerin (NG) and butanetriol trinitrate (BTTN) in various systems is investigated. The results show that NG exhibits higher diffusion capacity than BTTN, and the diffusion coefficient increases with an increment in the molecular weight of PEG. Additionally, the influence of different plasticizer ratios (2.8–3.0), curing parameters (1.58–1.62), and chain extension parameters (0.08–0.10) on the mechanical properties of the PEG600 system are investigated. The results demonstrate that as the plasticizer ratio increases, there is a gradual decrease in the modulus of the matrix. Additionally, an increase in the curing parameter leads to a substantial enhancement in the tensile strength of the matrix, while increasing the chain extension parameter significantly expands the maximum tensile length of the matrix. Finally, employing the Slip-Spring model, the effects of the physical and chemical cross-linked network of the propellant are simulated. The result shows that increasing the content of a chemical cross-linked network significantly improves the tensile strength of the matrix.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140565665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The rising demand for thermosetting polymers has resulted in the production of large amounts of industrial waste. Environmental issues due to waste landfills and increased raw material costs for new product development have led to the development of innovative recycling methods. This study focuses on the development of a product (helmet shell) by reinforcing thermosetting polymer waste (TPW) as a filler in a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix. The HDPE and TPW were converted into extrudates using a twin-screw extruder. Then, the extrudate was pelletized to use as raw material for the injection molding machine. The HDPE/TPW composites were fabricated using injection molding. Maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene was employed as a compatibilizer. In the composite, the TPW volume was reinforced at various weight percentages, ranging from 0 to 35 wt%. The mechanical, thermal, and viscoelastic properties of the composites can be enhanced by uniformly dispersing TPW in the HDPE matrix. However, it is difficult to achieve uniform dispersion at higher TPW volumes owing to the agglomeration effect. According to these findings, the mechanical properties were enhanced by up to 30 wt% addition of TPW. The findings suggest that the proposed composite has sufficient mechanical properties to be suitable for the fabrication of helmet shells.
{"title":"Assessing the recycling potential of thermosetting polymer waste in high-density polyethylene composites for safety helmet applications","authors":"Diwahar Periasamy, Prakalathan Karuppiah, Bharathi Manoharan, Felix Sahayaraj Arockiasamy, Sathish Kannan, Vinayagam Mohanavel, Palanivel Velmurugan, Natarajan Arumugam, Abdulrahman I. Almansour, Subpiramaniyam Sivakumar","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0080","url":null,"abstract":"The rising demand for thermosetting polymers has resulted in the production of large amounts of industrial waste. Environmental issues due to waste landfills and increased raw material costs for new product development have led to the development of innovative recycling methods. This study focuses on the development of a product (helmet shell) by reinforcing thermosetting polymer waste (TPW) as a filler in a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix. The HDPE and TPW were converted into extrudates using a twin-screw extruder. Then, the extrudate was pelletized to use as raw material for the injection molding machine. The HDPE/TPW composites were fabricated using injection molding. Maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene was employed as a compatibilizer. In the composite, the TPW volume was reinforced at various weight percentages, ranging from 0 to 35 wt%. The mechanical, thermal, and viscoelastic properties of the composites can be enhanced by uniformly dispersing TPW in the HDPE matrix. However, it is difficult to achieve uniform dispersion at higher TPW volumes owing to the agglomeration effect. According to these findings, the mechanical properties were enhanced by up to 30 wt% addition of TPW. The findings suggest that the proposed composite has sufficient mechanical properties to be suitable for the fabrication of helmet shells.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140565674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmad Adlie Shamsuri, Khalina Abdan, Mohd Zuhri Mohamed Yusoff, Siti Nurul Ain Md. Jamil
The integration of ionic liquids and polymer composites has become a promising way to improve their thermal properties, representing a notable advancement in the development of advanced materials for specific applications. Their thermal properties heavily influence the suitability of polymer composites for particular applications. It is imperative to understand and manipulate the thermal behavior of these composites to optimize their performance across various fields. In this mini-review, diverse polymer matrices and fillers utilized in polymer composites containing ionic liquids are categorized. Additionally, various ionic liquids employed in studies related to the thermal properties of polymer composites are identified. The impact of ionic liquids on the thermal properties of these composites is also briefly reviewed. The knowledge illustrated in this review enriches the understanding of the types of polymer matrices and fillers used in conjunction with ionic liquids, as well as their thermal properties. In a nutshell, imidazolium-based ionic liquids with tetrafluoroborate, bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, hexafluorophosphate, halides, and hydrogen sulfate anions have the impact of improving the glass transition temperature, melting temperature, degradation temperature, and thermal conductivity of thermoplastic, thermosetting, and elastomer composites.
{"title":"Impact of ionic liquids on the thermal properties of polymer composites","authors":"Ahmad Adlie Shamsuri, Khalina Abdan, Mohd Zuhri Mohamed Yusoff, Siti Nurul Ain Md. Jamil","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2024-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2024-0020","url":null,"abstract":"The integration of ionic liquids and polymer composites has become a promising way to improve their thermal properties, representing a notable advancement in the development of advanced materials for specific applications. Their thermal properties heavily influence the suitability of polymer composites for particular applications. It is imperative to understand and manipulate the thermal behavior of these composites to optimize their performance across various fields. In this mini-review, diverse polymer matrices and fillers utilized in polymer composites containing ionic liquids are categorized. Additionally, various ionic liquids employed in studies related to the thermal properties of polymer composites are identified. The impact of ionic liquids on the thermal properties of these composites is also briefly reviewed. The knowledge illustrated in this review enriches the understanding of the types of polymer matrices and fillers used in conjunction with ionic liquids, as well as their thermal properties. In a nutshell, imidazolium-based ionic liquids with tetrafluoroborate, bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, hexafluorophosphate, halides, and hydrogen sulfate anions have the impact of improving the glass transition temperature, melting temperature, degradation temperature, and thermal conductivity of thermoplastic, thermosetting, and elastomer composites.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"239 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140565690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding rubber effectively fills gaps in electronic devices to prevent electromagnetic (EM) leakage. However, research on the potential application of EMI shielding rubber in the field of space is limited. This study explores the optimal amount of silver-coated aluminum powder (SCA) in SCA/ methyl vinyl silicone rubber (MVQ) composites to balance the electrical and mechanical properties of EMI shielding rubber. The EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of 41.8 vol% SCA/MVQ composite exceeded 90 dB in the frequency range between 100 and 1,200 MHz with a compression set of only 14%. To address the outgassing characteristics of silicone rubber in a vacuum environment, both pre-heating and post-heating treatments for reducing rubber volatility are explored, proving that silicone rubber followed by 4 h of post-heating treatment at 200°C, is an appropriate solution to reduce silicone rubber volatility, leading to the SCA/MVQ composite with a total mass loss of only 0.2%, and a collected volatile condensable material of only 0.02%. In addition, high reliability is crucial for EMI shielding materials. SCA/MVQ composite exhibits excellent adaptability to vacuum temperature cycles, with the EMI SE maintained at 90 dB after cycles. At room temperature, after 30 days of storage, the EMI SE of the composite remains at 90 dB. These findings indicate that SCA/MVQ composites exhibit broad potential applications in the field of EM sealing for aerospace electronic devices.
{"title":"Preparation and application research of composites with low vacuum outgassing and excellent electromagnetic sealing performance","authors":"Hongda Mao, Hua Zou, Wei Liu, Xindi Zhuang, Baotong Xing","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2024-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2024-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding rubber effectively fills gaps in electronic devices to prevent electromagnetic (EM) leakage. However, research on the potential application of EMI shielding rubber in the field of space is limited. This study explores the optimal amount of silver-coated aluminum powder (SCA) in SCA/ methyl vinyl silicone rubber (MVQ) composites to balance the electrical and mechanical properties of EMI shielding rubber. The EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of 41.8 vol% SCA/MVQ composite exceeded 90 dB in the frequency range between 100 and 1,200 MHz with a compression set of only 14%. To address the outgassing characteristics of silicone rubber in a vacuum environment, both pre-heating and post-heating treatments for reducing rubber volatility are explored, proving that silicone rubber followed by 4 h of post-heating treatment at 200°C, is an appropriate solution to reduce silicone rubber volatility, leading to the SCA/MVQ composite with a total mass loss of only 0.2%, and a collected volatile condensable material of only 0.02%. In addition, high reliability is crucial for EMI shielding materials. SCA/MVQ composite exhibits excellent adaptability to vacuum temperature cycles, with the EMI SE maintained at 90 dB after cycles. At room temperature, after 30 days of storage, the EMI SE of the composite remains at 90 dB. These findings indicate that SCA/MVQ composites exhibit broad potential applications in the field of EM sealing for aerospace electronic devices.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140565561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ye Wu, Peiyu You, Wuchao Hua, Cuilong Liu, Shuaimin Zhang, Youping Liu
To investigate the impact behavior and residual strength of glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) laminates embedded with/without steel wire mesh, low-velocity-impact (LVI) and post-impact tensile tests are conducted carefully. According to the wire diameter and spacing of steel wire mesh, we manufactured two groups of specimens via conventional vacuum-assisted resin infusion. Further, the digital image correlation technique was applied to record the strain evolution. Based on the results, including impact response history, failure morphology, strain contour, the failure mechanism and effect of the parameters of steel wire mesh is revealed in detail. The results show that the embedding of wire mesh can improve the impact resistance and residual strength, with a more significant effect as both the increase of wire diameter and decrease of wire spacing. Compared with GFRP laminates, the peak force of specimens with the thickest and densest wire mesh increase by 105% and 141% under LVI tests and 254% and 141% in post-impact tensile tests, respectively.
{"title":"Experimental investigation on damage mechanism of GFRP laminates embedded with/without steel wire mesh under low-velocity-impact and post-impact tensile loading","authors":"Ye Wu, Peiyu You, Wuchao Hua, Cuilong Liu, Shuaimin Zhang, Youping Liu","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2024-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2024-0002","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate the impact behavior and residual strength of glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) laminates embedded with/without steel wire mesh, low-velocity-impact (LVI) and post-impact tensile tests are conducted carefully. According to the wire diameter and spacing of steel wire mesh, we manufactured two groups of specimens via conventional vacuum-assisted resin infusion. Further, the digital image correlation technique was applied to record the strain evolution. Based on the results, including impact response history, failure morphology, strain contour, the failure mechanism and effect of the parameters of steel wire mesh is revealed in detail. The results show that the embedding of wire mesh can improve the impact resistance and residual strength, with a more significant effect as both the increase of wire diameter and decrease of wire spacing. Compared with GFRP laminates, the peak force of specimens with the thickest and densest wire mesh increase by 105% and 141% under LVI tests and 254% and 141% in post-impact tensile tests, respectively.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140565678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Polymer-based transition metal complexes have attracted much attention in many fields of application. In this article, a fluorescent polymer-based transition metal complex was prepared by bonding the transition metal complex with the polymer. First, Schiff base salicylaldehyde ethanolamine (HL) as a ligand was prepared by the reaction of salicylaldehyde with ethanolamine. Then, salicylaldehyde glycolamine Zn(ii) transition metal complexes (ZnL2) were synthesized with HL and Zn2+ as the central ion. Finally, a blue fluorescent waterborne-based polyurethane Zn(ii) complex (ZnL2-WPU) with an antibacterial function was prepared with ZnL2 as a chain extender by modified acetone method. The characteristics of fluorescence, heat stability, and bacteriostasis were characterized. Compared with ZnL2, the UV–vis absorption peak of ZnL2-WPU shows a blue shift of about 20 nm. ZnL2-WPU has a strong blue fluorescence emission at 450 nm, and the intensity increases significantly with ZnL2 content. Surprisingly, the fluorescence lifetime of ZnL2-WPU is obviously increased, reaching more than one time that of ZnL2. Interestingly, the antibacterial efficiency of ZnL2-WPU against E. coli reached an incredible 99%. More importantly, ZnL2-WPU uses water as the dispersing medium, which is more environmentally friendly.
{"title":"A blue fluorescent waterborne polyurethane-based Zn(ii) complex with antibacterial activity","authors":"Xiang Luo, Yuqing Yang, Mingdi Yang, Kehua Zhang, Yuxi Xian, Ping Wang, Hongliang Xu, Xianhai Hu","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0059","url":null,"abstract":"Polymer-based transition metal complexes have attracted much attention in many fields of application. In this article, a fluorescent polymer-based transition metal complex was prepared by bonding the transition metal complex with the polymer. First, Schiff base salicylaldehyde ethanolamine (HL) as a ligand was prepared by the reaction of salicylaldehyde with ethanolamine. Then, salicylaldehyde glycolamine Zn(<jats:sc>ii</jats:sc>) transition metal complexes (ZnL<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>) were synthesized with HL and Zn<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup> as the central ion. Finally, a blue fluorescent waterborne-based polyurethane Zn(<jats:sc>ii</jats:sc>) complex (ZnL<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>-WPU) with an antibacterial function was prepared with ZnL<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> as a chain extender by modified acetone method. The characteristics of fluorescence, heat stability, and bacteriostasis were characterized. Compared with ZnL<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>, the UV–vis absorption peak of ZnL<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>-WPU shows a blue shift of about 20 nm. ZnL<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>-WPU has a strong blue fluorescence emission at 450 nm, and the intensity increases significantly with ZnL<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> content. Surprisingly, the fluorescence lifetime of ZnL<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>-WPU is obviously increased, reaching more than one time that of ZnL<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>. Interestingly, the antibacterial efficiency of ZnL<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>-WPU against <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic> reached an incredible 99%. More importantly, ZnL<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>-WPU uses water as the dispersing medium, which is more environmentally friendly.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140565686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A series of filter rods (FRs) with sodium alginate (SA) modification were prepared by a simple one-pot pre-treatment surface modification method for the retention of typical smoke components. The influences of SA on the physico-chemical properties and adsorption behaviors (or retention characteristics) toward FRs were investigated in detail. Based on the results of XRD, BET, and SEM, it can be inferred that SA modification has no influences on compositions and textural properties of FRs. However, surface modification of FR by SA can greatly improve the hydrophilicity of FR, which is crucial for water retention. In situ diffuse Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy results demonstrate that FR modified by 2 g·L−1 SA presents superior adsorption character for acetone. The differences in the adsorption or retention of water and acetone are ascribed to surface enriched functional groups tuned by surface engineering modification. By contrast, the modification of SA had no obvious effect on the adsorption of CO at room temperature. By contrast, at high temperature, low modification concentration is conducive to the CO2 and CO adsorption. It presents a good perspective for the rational design of new filter materials to reduce the release of harmful components in cigarette smoke.
通过简单的一锅预处理表面改性方法制备了一系列具有海藻酸钠（SA）改性的滤棒（FRs），用于截留典型的烟雾成分。详细研究了海藻酸钠对滤棒物理化学性质和吸附行为（或截留特性）的影响。根据 XRD、BET 和 SEM 的结果，可以推断出 SA 改性对 FR 的成分和纹理特性没有影响。然而，用 SA 对玻璃纤维进行表面改性可以大大提高玻璃纤维的亲水性，而亲水性对保水至关重要。原位扩散傅立叶变换红外光谱分析结果表明，经 2 g-L-1 SA 改性的玻璃纤维对丙酮具有优异的吸附特性。水和丙酮在吸附或保留方面的差异可归因于表面工程改性所调整的表面富官能团。相比之下，SA 的改性在室温下对 CO 的吸附没有明显影响。相反，在高温条件下，低改性浓度有利于 CO2 和 CO 的吸附。这为合理设计新型过滤材料以减少香烟烟雾中有害成分的释放提供了一个良好的视角。
{"title":"Cellulose acetate filter rods tuned by surface engineering modification for typical smoke components adsorption","authors":"Zhi Huang, Hua Liu, Wenjie Zhou, Mengdie Cai, Kangzhong Shi, Ying Zhao, Lisheng Guo","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0054","url":null,"abstract":"A series of filter rods (FRs) with sodium alginate (SA) modification were prepared by a simple one-pot pre-treatment surface modification method for the retention of typical smoke components. The influences of SA on the physico-chemical properties and adsorption behaviors (or retention characteristics) toward FRs were investigated in detail. Based on the results of XRD, BET, and SEM, it can be inferred that SA modification has no influences on compositions and textural properties of FRs. However, surface modification of FR by SA can greatly improve the hydrophilicity of FR, which is crucial for water retention. <jats:italic>In situ</jats:italic> diffuse Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy results demonstrate that FR modified by 2 g·L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> SA presents superior adsorption character for acetone. The differences in the adsorption or retention of water and acetone are ascribed to surface enriched functional groups tuned by surface engineering modification. By contrast, the modification of SA had no obvious effect on the adsorption of CO at room temperature. By contrast, at high temperature, low modification concentration is conducive to the CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> and CO adsorption. It presents a good perspective for the rational design of new filter materials to reduce the release of harmful components in cigarette smoke.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140312806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Norihan Abdullah, Khalina Abdan, Muhammad Huzaifah Mohd Roslim, Mohd Nazren Radzuan, Ayu Rafiqah Shafi, Lee Ching Hao
Despite the increasing interest in polyamide-based composites, few studies on polyamide-based natural fiber composites have been conducted due to their high melting temperatures of polyamide 6 (PA6). In this study, kenaf fiber-reinforced polyamide 6 composites (KF/PA6) were successfully prepared and their properties were investigated. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that the neat PA6 has higher thermal stability with higher melting temperatures of 426°C, respectively, than KF/PA6 composites. The results of the differential scanning calorimeter showed that the glass transition temperature (Tg) of KF/PA6 composites was slightly shifted to a higher temperature at 59°C than that of the neat PA6 at 45°C. The thermal and mechanical characteristics using dynamic mechanical analysis results showed that the storage and loss modulus of the neat PA6 were higher than those of KF/PA6 composites. The neat PA6 showed the maximum tensile strength of 48 MPa; however, the maximum tensile modulus was obtained at 10 wt% KF with 2,100 MPa. The flexural strength and modulus of the neat PA6 were 91 and 2,506 MPa, respectively, which were higher than those of KF/PA6 composites. The impact strength also deteriorated with the addition of KF, from 3.72 to 1.91 kJ·m−2. Voids, fiber pulled-out, and agglomeration were observed in scanning electron microscope analysis on the tensile fractured surfaces.
{"title":"Properties of kenaf fiber-reinforced polyamide 6 composites","authors":"Norihan Abdullah, Khalina Abdan, Muhammad Huzaifah Mohd Roslim, Mohd Nazren Radzuan, Ayu Rafiqah Shafi, Lee Ching Hao","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2022-8112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2022-8112","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the increasing interest in polyamide-based composites, few studies on polyamide-based natural fiber composites have been conducted due to their high melting temperatures of polyamide 6 (PA6). In this study, kenaf fiber-reinforced polyamide 6 composites (KF/PA6) were successfully prepared and their properties were investigated. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that the neat PA6 has higher thermal stability with higher melting temperatures of 426°C, respectively, than KF/PA6 composites. The results of the differential scanning calorimeter showed that the glass transition temperature (<jats:italic>T</jats:italic> <jats:sub>g</jats:sub>) of KF/PA6 composites was slightly shifted to a higher temperature at 59°C than that of the neat PA6 at 45°C. The thermal and mechanical characteristics using dynamic mechanical analysis results showed that the storage and loss modulus of the neat PA6 were higher than those of KF/PA6 composites. The neat PA6 showed the maximum tensile strength of 48 MPa; however, the maximum tensile modulus was obtained at 10 wt% KF with 2,100 MPa. The flexural strength and modulus of the neat PA6 were 91 and 2,506 MPa, respectively, which were higher than those of KF/PA6 composites. The impact strength also deteriorated with the addition of KF, from 3.72 to 1.91 kJ·m<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup>. Voids, fiber pulled-out, and agglomeration were observed in scanning electron microscope analysis on the tensile fractured surfaces.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140312838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eldar Miftakhov, Sofia Mustafina, Andrey Akimov, Svetlana Mustafina
This article presents a novel simulation approach for solving the inverse problem of kinetic heterogeneity in polymerization processes, specifically focusing on the production of polyisoprene using a gadolinium chloride solvate-based catalytic system. The proposed method is based on the assumption that the distribution of active centers (ACs) can be described by model distributions. By utilizing primary physicochemical data, such as the polymerization rate and molecular weight distribution, the simulation approach automatically identifies the kinetic parameters, determining the Frenkel statistical parameter and solving the problem of kinetic heterogeneity. The experimental results revealed the presence of at least three distinct types of ACs, each contributing different proportions to the polymerization process. The simulation approach offers valuable insights into the complexities of catalytic systems and their role in polymerization, paving the way for optimizing reaction conditions and advancing industrial polymer synthesis processes. This study marks a significant step forward in understanding and controlling polymerization reactions, with potential implications for the development of innovative materials and industrial applications.
{"title":"Simulation approach to study kinetic heterogeneity of gadolinium catalytic system in the 1,4-cis-polyisoprene production","authors":"Eldar Miftakhov, Sofia Mustafina, Andrey Akimov, Svetlana Mustafina","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0131","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a novel simulation approach for solving the inverse problem of kinetic heterogeneity in polymerization processes, specifically focusing on the production of polyisoprene using a gadolinium chloride solvate-based catalytic system. The proposed method is based on the assumption that the distribution of active centers (ACs) can be described by model distributions. By utilizing primary physicochemical data, such as the polymerization rate and molecular weight distribution, the simulation approach automatically identifies the kinetic parameters, determining the Frenkel statistical parameter and solving the problem of kinetic heterogeneity. The experimental results revealed the presence of at least three distinct types of ACs, each contributing different proportions to the polymerization process. The simulation approach offers valuable insights into the complexities of catalytic systems and their role in polymerization, paving the way for optimizing reaction conditions and advancing industrial polymer synthesis processes. This study marks a significant step forward in understanding and controlling polymerization reactions, with potential implications for the development of innovative materials and industrial applications.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140302323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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