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Multi-view consistency for multi-hop knowledge base question answering 多跳知识库问答的多视图一致性
Xin Wang
The task of Knowledge Base Question Answering (KBQA) is to answer a question in natural language over a Knowledge Base. And multi-hop KBQA aims to reason over multiple hops of facts in KB to answer a complex question. Step-wised reasoning has been an important schema to solve multi-hop KBQA. But previous approaches suffer from lacking reasoning paths, causing models may answer in an incorrect way. To address the issue, we present a novel approach to enhance the KBQA model by leveraging consistency between different views of the data, with few intermediate-relation-labeled data. Previous retrieval-based methods proceeded by utilizing the data view of (question, intermediate entities, answer entities). In our method, we introduce the data view of (question, intermediate relations) and enhance the KBQA model through the consistency of different data views. Concretely, we first implement a question-to-intermediate relations(Q2R) model to obtain intermediate relations’ distributions. By utilizing a pretrained text generation model, it performs well using a small part of relation-labeled data. Then we devise a map function to map distributions of intermediate entities to distributions of intermediate. Finally, a constraint that metrics the consistency between the intermediate path distributions obtained from the Q2R model and the original KBQA model is constructed to enhance the KBQA model. Experiments over three datasets of multi-hop KBQA are conducted, and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.
知识库问答(KBQA)的任务是在知识库上用自然语言回答问题。而多跳KBQA旨在对知识库中的多个跳的事实进行推理,以回答一个复杂的问题。逐步推理是解决多跳KBQA问题的重要模式。但以前的方法缺乏推理路径,导致模型可能以不正确的方式回答。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了一种新的方法,通过利用数据的不同视图之间的一致性来增强KBQA模型,并且使用很少的中间关系标记数据。以前基于检索的方法利用(问题、中间实体、答案实体)的数据视图继续进行。在该方法中,我们引入了(问题、中间关系)数据视图,并通过不同数据视图的一致性来增强KBQA模型。具体来说,我们首先实现了一个问题到中间关系(Q2R)模型来获得中间关系的分布。通过使用预训练的文本生成模型,它在使用一小部分关系标记数据时表现良好。然后,我们设计了一个映射函数,将中间实体的分布映射到中间实体的分布。最后,构造了一个约束来衡量从Q2R模型得到的中间路径分布与原KBQA模型之间的一致性,以增强KBQA模型。在三个多跳KBQA数据集上进行了实验,结果证明了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Sequential pre-filter assisted cooperative scheme for localization in wireless sensor networks 序列预滤波辅助无线传感器网络定位协同方案
Wei Wei, Liu Zhang
In the applications of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), it is important to locate an object of interest. However, the intensive measurement noise that contaminates the observations from each sensor node, may impair the localization performance. The widely studied adaptive and cooperative schemes combat the noise via reliable cooperation and adaption strategies with the neighborhoods. However, they underestimate the smooth correlations of the object’s movements, thereby remaining space for improvement. In this paper, we focus on improving the existing cooperative schemes by prefiltering its contaminated observations on each node. By exploiting the smooth correlations of the object’s mobility, we design a sequential pre-filter, which is capable of using the previously estimated information as a priori to overcome the intensive noise. As such, it helps to derive a less-noisy observation on each node, and therefore improves the localization accuracy of the cooperative schemes. Numerical simulations demonstrate the effect of the proposed sequential pre-filter, which can indeed better the cooperative schemes and gain a more promising localization performance.
在无线传感器网络(WSNs)的应用中,定位感兴趣的目标是非常重要的。然而,强烈的测量噪声会污染每个传感器节点的观测值,可能会影响定位性能。广泛研究的适应性和合作方案通过与社区的可靠合作和适应策略来对抗噪音。然而,他们低估了物体运动的平滑相关性,从而留下了改进的空间。在本文中,我们主要通过在每个节点上预过滤其污染观测值来改进现有的合作方案。通过利用目标移动度的平滑相关性,我们设计了一个序列预滤波器,它能够使用先前估计的信息作为先验来克服强烈的噪声。因此,它有助于在每个节点上获得较小的噪声观测值,从而提高合作方案的定位精度。数值仿真结果表明,所提出的顺序预滤波方法确实可以更好地实现协同方案,并获得更理想的定位性能。
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引用次数: 0
Estimation about service time of flight ground support based on deep neural network 基于深度神经网络的飞行地面保障服务时间估计
Zhiguo Yang, Xiaoming Yang, Tianqian Li, Wentao Peng, Yang Zhou, Fangmin Liao, Jing Tan, Zhengjiang Tang, Baiqiang Li, Bide Zhang, Xuan Lin
In order to improve the efficiency and decision-making ability of airport operation support, the realization of estimation about service time of flight ground support can reduce the time and economic losses caused by flight delays. Considering the complexity and particularity of the service process, this article started from the analysis of the flight ground support process and constructed a mathematical model of the service time. The method of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to reduce the correlation between variables, and a service time prediction model of flight ground support based on Deep Neural Network (DNN) was established. Finally, the flight support operation data of an airport were selected for simulation and verification. Experimental results show that the average absolute error of service time prediction can reach 2.709 min, the proposed model can effectively estimate the service time of flight support and has higher accuracy.
为了提高机场运行保障的效率和决策能力,实现飞行地面保障服务时间的估算,可以减少航班延误造成的时间和经济损失。考虑到服务过程的复杂性和特殊性,本文从分析飞行地面保障过程入手,构建了服务时间的数学模型。采用主成分分析(PCA)方法降低变量间的相关性,建立了基于深度神经网络(DNN)的飞行地面保障服务时间预测模型。最后选取某机场飞行保障运行数据进行仿真验证。实验结果表明,服役时间预测的平均绝对误差可达2.709 min,该模型能有效估计飞行保障服役时间,具有较高的精度。
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引用次数: 0
Broadband multifunctional metasurface based on voltage-tunable VO2 基于电压可调VO2的宽带多功能超表面
Lunhao Hu, Hao Xu
THz metasurfaces that reflect radiation back can be applied in various fields such as imaging, biosensing, and optical communications. However, the conventional THz metasurfaces have limitations due to their inflexible electromagnetic responses and complex structures. In this paper, a voltage-controlled dual-polarization metasurface based on vanadium dioxide (VO2) is proposed, which can achieve the polarization conversion and transmission by controlling the conductivity of VO2 in the surface. The results show that when the VO2 is in the metal state, the metasurface can realize the circular polarization mode conversion in the range of 1.2-1.4 THz. While insulated, it will switch to the low-efficiency transmission conversion mode. Then, A broadband voltage-controlled OAM beam generator metasurface is designed, providing a method for realizing high performance multifunctional tunable metasurfaces in the THz band. This work has the potential to expand the practical applications of metasurfaces.
反射辐射的太赫兹超表面可以应用于成像、生物传感和光通信等各个领域。然而,传统的太赫兹超表面由于其不灵活的电磁响应和复杂的结构而具有局限性。本文提出了一种基于二氧化钒(VO2)的电压控制双极化超表面,通过控制表面VO2的电导率来实现极化转换和透射。结果表明:当VO2处于金属态时,超表面可以在1.2 ~ 1.4 THz范围内实现圆偏振模式转换;绝缘时,将切换到低效率传动转换模式。然后,设计了宽带压控OAM波束发生器元表面,为实现太赫兹波段的高性能多功能可调谐元表面提供了一种方法。这项工作有可能扩展元表面的实际应用。
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引用次数: 0
Study on the detection of viscose filament defects based on improved YOLOv5 基于改进YOLOv5的粘胶长丝缺陷检测研究
Dong Chen, Limin Cai, Peizhi Zhao, Hao Wei, Zhongyuan Lai
In the production process of viscose filament, broken filament inspection is the most important part of detecting filament defects. To solve the problem of low speed and accuracy of broken filament detection and improve the online quality inspection system. In this paper, we design a broken filament detection method for viscose filaments based on the improved YOLOv5 algorithm. The GhostNet network structure is introduced to replace and modify the backbone network layer of YOLOv5 to reduce the complexity and computation of the structure and realize the light weight of the overall network structure; the ECA attention mechanism is introduced in the backbone network to enhance the feature perception of the broken filament target and increase the mobility of the feature information in the deep network. The improved YOLOv5 algorithm achieves an average detection accuracy of 93.9% and an average detection speed of 64 FPS in the final experimental results, which is better than the traditional methods of image recognition detection and can meet the realtime detection requirements of broken filament detection in practical engineering.
在粘胶长丝的生产过程中,断丝检测是检测长丝缺陷的重要环节。为解决断丝检测速度慢、精度低的问题,改进在线质量检测系统。本文设计了一种基于改进YOLOv5算法的粘胶细丝断丝检测方法。引入GhostNet网络结构替代和修改YOLOv5的骨干网层,降低结构的复杂性和计算量,实现整体网络结构的轻量化;在骨干网中引入ECA注意机制,增强对断丝目标的特征感知,增加特征信息在深度网络中的可移动性。改进后的YOLOv5算法在最终实验结果中平均检测精度为93.9%,平均检测速度为64 FPS,优于传统的图像识别检测方法,可以满足实际工程中断丝检测的实时检测要求。
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引用次数: 0
A radar data compression method based on autoencoder neural network and range encoding 一种基于自编码器神经网络和距离编码的雷达数据压缩方法
Zelong Hu, Feng Yang, Xu Qiao, Fanruo Li
Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) data requires a significant amount of network bandwidth and storage space for transmission and storage due to the large number of channels and vast amount of data. In this paper, we propose an improved method for compressing GPR data. Firstly, we analyze and preprocess the features of the data to enhance its compression potential. Secondly, we introduce convolutional layers into the AutoEncoder to improve its generalization ability. We then use multiple-level compression to further compress the data based on the radar data's features. Finally, we introduce range encoding for secondary compression. Simulation experiments demonstrate that our proposed algorithm can effectively compress radar data while maintaining high compression ratios and speed.
探地雷达(Ground Penetrating Radar,简称GPR)数据由于通道多、数据量大,需要大量的网络带宽和存储空间进行传输和存储。本文提出了一种改进的探地雷达数据压缩方法。首先对数据特征进行分析和预处理,增强数据的压缩潜力。其次,在自编码器中引入卷积层,提高其泛化能力。然后根据雷达数据的特点,采用多级压缩进一步压缩数据。最后,我们介绍了用于二次压缩的范围编码。仿真实验表明,该算法可以有效地压缩雷达数据,同时保持较高的压缩比和压缩速度。
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引用次数: 0
Research on path tracking control of mobile storage robot based on model predictive control and linear quadratic regulator 基于模型预测控制和线性二次型调节器的移动存储机器人路径跟踪控制研究
Hao Chen, Xuelin Wang, Lide Zhao, Ru Jiang, Baigunchekov Zhumadil
To achieve that the mobile warehouse robot follows the given desired path quickly and smoothly, the MPC and LQR steering control algorithms are applied based on the lateral kinematic constraints of the vehicle. First, the Ackermann kinematic modelling of the mobile platform is performed. The nonlinear model is linearized and discretized to create a discrete state space model of the mobile robot. Under the same conditions, a lateral control system based on MPC and LQR is designed for the mobile robot. A performance comparison of parameters such as different vehicle speeds, straightline trajectory tracking, curve trajectory tracking and algorithm consumption time is performed. The simulation shows that the LQR and MPC controllers can calculate the vehicle's steering angle in real time according to the road curvature and drive according to the preset desired path.
为了使移动仓库机器人快速平稳地沿着给定路径运动,基于车辆的横向运动约束,应用MPC和LQR转向控制算法。首先,对移动平台进行Ackermann运动学建模。对非线性模型进行线性化和离散化,建立了移动机器人的离散状态空间模型。在相同的条件下,设计了基于MPC和LQR的移动机器人横向控制系统。对不同车速、直线轨迹跟踪、曲线轨迹跟踪和算法消耗时间等参数进行了性能比较。仿真结果表明,LQR和MPC控制器可以根据道路曲率实时计算出车辆的转向角度,并按照预设的期望路径行驶。
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引用次数: 0
A new power system power planning method based on demand response and energy storage capacity 一种基于需求响应和储能容量的电力系统电力规划新方法
Jingying Yang, Dexin Li, Chang Liu, Zixin Yan, Mingyang Zhu
The high proportion of renewable energy access puts new requirements on the adequacy of grid capacity, requiring the power system to have sufficient confidence capacity to accommodate the fluctuation and stochasticity of renewable energy generation. For the nonlinear relationship between power planning and power system confidence capacity, it is difficult for the traditional power planning methods to accurately estimate the confidence capacity of the power system, and it is also impossible to determine the confidence capacity adequacy constraint of the power system. Based on the consideration of thermal power generation, renewable energy, energy storage, and demand-side response, an 8760-based annual production and operation simulation model is constructed to ensure sufficient system resilience and to optimize the capacity of demand response resources and energy storage. Based on this, a new iterative method is proposed to solve the nonlinear problem of energy storage confidence capacity, and an example analysis is carried out with a regional grid. It is found that the flexibility constraint is the dominant influence in high percentage renewable energy systems, and the system cost can be significantly reduced by introducing a small amount of demand-side response resources, thus opening a new way for future planning problems of high percentage renewable energy systems.
可再生能源的高比例接入对电网容量的充足性提出了新的要求,要求电力系统具有足够的信心能力,以适应可再生能源发电的波动性和随机性。由于电力规划与电力系统置信容量之间的非线性关系,传统的电力规划方法难以准确估计电力系统的置信容量,也无法确定电力系统的置信容量充分性约束。在考虑火电、可再生能源、储能和需求侧响应的基础上,构建了基于8760的年度生产运行仿真模型,以保证系统有足够的弹性,优化需求响应资源和储能容量。在此基础上,提出了一种新的求解储能置信度非线性问题的迭代方法,并以区域电网为例进行了算例分析。研究发现,在高比例可再生能源系统中,柔性约束是主导影响因素,引入少量需求侧响应资源可以显著降低系统成本,从而为高比例可再生能源系统未来规划问题开辟了新的途径。
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引用次数: 0
Direct position determination of non-circular signals based on off-grid sparse reconstruction 基于离网稀疏重建的非圆信号直接定位
Jie Deng, Jie-xin Yin, B. Yang, Tiantian Chen
Aiming at the problem that the estimation accuracy of the direct position determination (DPD) method based on subspace is not high under the condition of small number of snapshots and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), a noncircular signal DPD method based on off-grid sparse reconstruction is proposed. This method combines the non-circular characteristics of the signal to expand the received data and then expand the array aperture. Then, based on the spatial sparsity of the target location, an ultra-complete dictionary set is constructed by discretizing the location area grid, and the problem of target position estimation is transformed into the problem of spatial signal sparse reconstruction. At the same time, considering the signal model that the target is not on the grid point, the joint optimization problem is solved by the alternating iteration method to obtain the estimated value of the target position. Finally, the experimental simulation shows that the method has better positioning performance.
针对基于子空间的直接位置确定方法在快照数量少、信噪比低的情况下估计精度不高的问题,提出了一种基于离网稀疏重建的非圆信号DPD方法。该方法结合信号的非圆特性,对接收数据进行扩展,进而扩大阵列孔径。然后,基于目标位置的空间稀疏性,对位置区域网格进行离散化,构造超完备字典集,将目标位置估计问题转化为空间信号稀疏重建问题;同时,考虑目标不在网格点上的信号模型,采用交替迭代法求解联合优化问题,得到目标位置的估定值。实验仿真结果表明,该方法具有较好的定位性能。
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引用次数: 0
Deep spatial-constraints networks for unsupervised anomaly detection in multivariate time series data 多元时间序列数据无监督异常检测的深度空间约束网络
Yanwen Wu, Di Ge, Y. Cheng
High-dimensional time series anomaly detection has always been an important challenge in the field of system security. Most existing methods are dedicated to modelling the temporal variation of features to capture anomalous moment points, however as features become more high-dimensional, the associations between features take on a complex spatial structure. This spatial structure information will compensate for the constraints of unsupervised training conditions, and guide the model to be more fully trained. In this study, we propose a detection model that incorporates spatial supervision signals. The model not only simultaneously models the temporal and spatial dependencies, but also simulates the topological structure and physical characteristics of data in the real world through graph structure learning and contrastive learning, providing guidance for anomaly detection. We conducted experiments on two real-world datasets and demonstrated that our model outperforms the baseline. Finally, we conducted detailed data analysis to provide interpretability for the model.
高维时间序列异常检测一直是系统安全领域的一个重要课题。大多数现有方法都致力于对特征的时间变化进行建模,以捕获异常矩点,然而随着特征的高维化,特征之间的关联呈现出复杂的空间结构。这种空间结构信息将弥补无监督训练条件的约束,引导模型得到更充分的训练。在本研究中,我们提出了一个包含空间监控信号的检测模型。该模型不仅可以同时对时空依赖关系进行建模,还可以通过图结构学习和对比学习模拟现实世界中数据的拓扑结构和物理特征,为异常检测提供指导。我们在两个真实世界的数据集上进行了实验,并证明我们的模型优于基线。最后,我们进行了详细的数据分析,为模型提供可解释性。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
4th International Conference on Information Science, Electrical and Automation Engineering
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