Bartłomiej Syzdoł, Aleksandra Ziółkiewicz, Wiktoria Sielwanowska, Monika Żybowska, N. Wilczek, Klaudia Szukała, M. Chrościńska-Krawczyk
Introduction and aim. Paroxysmal non-epileptic events (PNEEs) are neurological conditions that include behavioral changes or disturbances of consciousness. The aim of the article is to compare individual paroxysmal non-epileptic events disorders, to indicate differences in their clinical picture and to discuss their differential diagnosis. Material and methods. A review of the most common non-epileptic paroxysmal events is presented based on the available literature of PubMed and Google Scholar databases from 2000 to 2023. Analysis of the literature. Depending on the age of the child, the nature and type of seizures are variable. Unfortunately, epilepsy is currently overdiagnosed, which results in the inclusion of antiepileptic drugs without the need to use them. This may be related to the immaturity of the central nervous system, malfunctioning of other organs or have a psychogenic background. In most cases, they do not require pharmacological treatment. Conclusion. Paroxysmal non-epileptic events, due to the diverse and uncharacteristic clinical picture, pose a major diagnostic challenge. Because of the current overdiagnosis of epilepsy they should always bear in mind differential diagnosis. This is important because of the differences in the treatment of these disorders.
导言和目的。阵发性非癫痫事件（PNEEs）是一种包括行为改变或意识障碍的神经系统疾病。本文旨在比较各种阵发性非癫痫事件疾病，指出其临床表现的差异，并讨论其鉴别诊断。材料和方法。根据 2000 年至 2023 年期间 PubMed 和 Google Scholar 数据库中的现有文献，对最常见的非癫痫性阵发性事件进行了综述。文献分析。根据儿童年龄的不同，癫痫发作的性质和类型也各不相同。遗憾的是，目前癫痫的诊断率过高，导致在没有必要使用抗癫痫药物的情况下就将其纳入治疗范围。这可能与中枢神经系统发育不成熟、其他器官功能失调或精神因素有关。在大多数情况下，他们不需要药物治疗。结论阵发性非癫痫事件的临床表现多种多样且各具特色，是诊断方面的一大挑战。由于目前对癫痫的过度诊断，他们应始终牢记鉴别诊断。这一点非常重要，因为这些疾病的治疗方法各不相同。
{"title":"Paroxysmal non-epileptic events vs epilepsy – what we know and where we are in medicine?","authors":"Bartłomiej Syzdoł, Aleksandra Ziółkiewicz, Wiktoria Sielwanowska, Monika Żybowska, N. Wilczek, Klaudia Szukała, M. Chrościńska-Krawczyk","doi":"10.15584/ejcem.2024.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/ejcem.2024.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and aim. Paroxysmal non-epileptic events (PNEEs) are neurological conditions that include behavioral changes or disturbances of consciousness. The aim of the article is to compare individual paroxysmal non-epileptic events disorders, to indicate differences in their clinical picture and to discuss their differential diagnosis. Material and methods. A review of the most common non-epileptic paroxysmal events is presented based on the available literature of PubMed and Google Scholar databases from 2000 to 2023. Analysis of the literature. Depending on the age of the child, the nature and type of seizures are variable. Unfortunately, epilepsy is currently overdiagnosed, which results in the inclusion of antiepileptic drugs without the need to use them. This may be related to the immaturity of the central nervous system, malfunctioning of other organs or have a psychogenic background. In most cases, they do not require pharmacological treatment. Conclusion. Paroxysmal non-epileptic events, due to the diverse and uncharacteristic clinical picture, pose a major diagnostic challenge. Because of the current overdiagnosis of epilepsy they should always bear in mind differential diagnosis. This is important because of the differences in the treatment of these disorders.","PeriodicalId":11828,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":"23 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140364317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-30DOI: 10.15584/ejcem.2024.1.20
Livia Ruffini, Alessandro Zilioli, Veronica Cervati, F. Lauretani, Francesco Misirocchi, Marcello Maggio, S. Migliari, T. Graziani, C. Cidda, Giorgio Baldari, M. Spallazzi, M. Scarlattei
Introduction and aim. Atypical or mixed presentations of neurodegenerative disorders may postpone or confound the final diagnosis. Molecular imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) radioligands provide target-specific information and may anticipate the diagnosis by “in vivo” detection of the neuro pathological substrate, as Aβ deposition, nigrostriatal dopaminergic depletion or tau inclusions. This concise review will dis cuss the potential of PET and SPECT imaging as a solid guide to better characterize atypical phenotypes of neurodegeneration in the clinical routine, with the potential to drive personalized interventions, improve cohort uniformity for clinical trials, and serve as biomarkers for targeted molecular therapies. Material and methods. Literature search was performed focusing on the role of PET and SPECT imaging in assessing atypical phenotypes of neurodegeneration, using the electronic source of database PubMed/MEDLINE and the web-based search engines Google, Google Scholar. Analysis of the literature. New disease-modifying drugs may increase their effect with early initiation, which is especially im portant in working persons and younger subjects presenting atypical symptoms. In older individuals, the coexistence of neu rodegeneration, age-related changes, cerebrovascular lesions, or depression makes challenging a definitive diagnosis. Quantitative tools able to measure tracer distribution increase the accuracy of molecular neuroimaging creating topographic maps that compare subject’s data with healthy controls databases. Conclusion. Atypical phenotypes may be associated with quantitative key-pattern allowing a more precise and early diagnosis of the neurodegenerative disorder. Finally, quantitative assessment of the pathological substrates allows us to track the disease process and measure treatment response.
导言和目的。神经退行性疾病的非典型或混合表现可能会推迟或混淆最终诊断。利用正电子发射计算机断层扫描（PET）和单光子发射计算机断层扫描（SPECT）放射性配体进行分子成像可提供靶点特异性信息，并可通过 "体内 "检测神经病理基质（如 Aβ 沉积、黑质多巴胺能耗竭或 tau 包涵体）来预测诊断。这篇简短的综述将讨论 PET 和 SPECT 成像作为一种可靠的指南，在临床常规中更好地描述神经退行性变的非典型表型的潜力，它有可能推动个性化干预，提高临床试验的队列一致性，并作为靶向分子疗法的生物标记物。材料与方法使用电子数据库PubMed/MEDLINE和网络搜索引擎Google、Google Scholar进行文献检索，重点研究PET和SPECT成像在评估神经变性非典型表型中的作用。文献分析。新的改善病情药物在早期使用时可能会提高疗效，这对工作人士和出现不典型症状的年轻患者尤为重要。在老年人中，神经细胞变性、与年龄有关的变化、脑血管病变或抑郁症的同时存在，使得明确诊断变得十分困难。能够测量示踪剂分布的定量工具提高了分子神经成像的准确性，可绘制地形图，将受试者的数据与健康对照数据库进行比较。结论非典型表型可能与定量关键模式有关，从而可以更准确、更早期地诊断神经退行性疾病。最后，对病理基质的定量评估可让我们跟踪疾病进程并衡量治疗反应。
{"title":"PET and SPECT imaging as a solid guide to detect and discriminate atypical phenotypes of neurodegenerative disorders","authors":"Livia Ruffini, Alessandro Zilioli, Veronica Cervati, F. Lauretani, Francesco Misirocchi, Marcello Maggio, S. Migliari, T. Graziani, C. Cidda, Giorgio Baldari, M. Spallazzi, M. Scarlattei","doi":"10.15584/ejcem.2024.1.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/ejcem.2024.1.20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and aim. Atypical or mixed presentations of neurodegenerative disorders may postpone or confound the final diagnosis. Molecular imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) radioligands provide target-specific information and may anticipate the diagnosis by “in vivo” detection of the neuro pathological substrate, as Aβ deposition, nigrostriatal dopaminergic depletion or tau inclusions. This concise review will dis cuss the potential of PET and SPECT imaging as a solid guide to better characterize atypical phenotypes of neurodegeneration in the clinical routine, with the potential to drive personalized interventions, improve cohort uniformity for clinical trials, and serve as biomarkers for targeted molecular therapies. Material and methods. Literature search was performed focusing on the role of PET and SPECT imaging in assessing atypical phenotypes of neurodegeneration, using the electronic source of database PubMed/MEDLINE and the web-based search engines Google, Google Scholar. Analysis of the literature. New disease-modifying drugs may increase their effect with early initiation, which is especially im portant in working persons and younger subjects presenting atypical symptoms. In older individuals, the coexistence of neu rodegeneration, age-related changes, cerebrovascular lesions, or depression makes challenging a definitive diagnosis. Quantitative tools able to measure tracer distribution increase the accuracy of molecular neuroimaging creating topographic maps that compare subject’s data with healthy controls databases. Conclusion. Atypical phenotypes may be associated with quantitative key-pattern allowing a more precise and early diagnosis of the neurodegenerative disorder. Finally, quantitative assessment of the pathological substrates allows us to track the disease process and measure treatment response.","PeriodicalId":11828,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":"46 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140362963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-30DOI: 10.15584/ejcem.2024.1.24
S. Turen, Melike Yurtsever
Introduction and aim. This study aims to determine the level of stigma in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and evaluate its relationship with their life satisfaction. Material and methods. This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study conducted in a single tertiary care center. Two hundred and ten patients ≥18 years old diagnosed with T2DM were included in this study. The relationship between the “Type 2 diabetes stigma assessment scale” and the “Satisfaction with life scale” was assessed using Pearson correlation analysis. Results. The average age of the participants was 54.85±15.81 years. The majority of patients reported adherence to diabetes treatment and having comorbidities. Stigma levels were higher in patients ≤65 years, those with less than a high school educa tion, and those receiving insulin or oral anti-diabetic treatment, but lower with a T2DM diagnosis duration of ≤ 5 years (p<0.05). Life satisfaction was influenced by age, education status, economic status, adherence to treatment, dietary compliance, and the presence of comorbidities. A moderately negative relationship between stigma level and life satisfaction was identified. Conclusion. The study’s results indicate that an increase in stigma level is associated with a decrease in life satisfaction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
{"title":"Stigma and its relationship with life satisfaction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"S. Turen, Melike Yurtsever","doi":"10.15584/ejcem.2024.1.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/ejcem.2024.1.24","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and aim. This study aims to determine the level of stigma in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and evaluate its relationship with their life satisfaction. Material and methods. This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study conducted in a single tertiary care center. Two hundred and ten patients ≥18 years old diagnosed with T2DM were included in this study. The relationship between the “Type 2 diabetes stigma assessment scale” and the “Satisfaction with life scale” was assessed using Pearson correlation analysis. Results. The average age of the participants was 54.85±15.81 years. The majority of patients reported adherence to diabetes treatment and having comorbidities. Stigma levels were higher in patients ≤65 years, those with less than a high school educa tion, and those receiving insulin or oral anti-diabetic treatment, but lower with a T2DM diagnosis duration of ≤ 5 years (p<0.05). Life satisfaction was influenced by age, education status, economic status, adherence to treatment, dietary compliance, and the presence of comorbidities. A moderately negative relationship between stigma level and life satisfaction was identified. Conclusion. The study’s results indicate that an increase in stigma level is associated with a decrease in life satisfaction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":11828,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":"54 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140363276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction and aim. In patients waiting for organ transplantation, increased waiting time can increase anxiety by creating negative automatic thoughts. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between corneal transplant recipients’ negative automatic thoughts and anxiety before organ transplantation. Material and methods. The population of this correlational descriptive study consisted of 108 patients waiting for cornea transplantation in the Eye Bank unit of a hospital in the south east region of Türkiye. The data were obtained from the patients presented to the ophthalmology clinic for transplantation between September and December 2022. A patient information form, the Negative Automatic Thoughts Scale, and the Trait Anxiety Scale were used to collect the data. Percentage distribution, arithmetic mean, logistic regression and correlation analysis were used in the data analysis. Results. It was determined that the mean score of the negative automatic thoughts of the transplant patients participating in the study was 100.69±47.83, and the trait anxiety mean score was 53.06±6.07. There was a positive relationship between neg ative automatic thoughts and trait anxiety at a moderate level, which was statistically significant (p<0.05, r=0.53). Conclusion. It was determined in the study that the patients’ negative automatic thoughts and trait anxiety were high, and their anxiety increased as the negative automatic thoughts increased.
{"title":"Assessment of preoperative anxiety and negative automatic thoughts in patients waiting for corneal transplantation","authors":"S. Tanrıverdi, M. A. Şen, H. Genç","doi":"10.15584/ejcem.2024.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/ejcem.2024.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and aim. In patients waiting for organ transplantation, increased waiting time can increase anxiety by creating negative automatic thoughts. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between corneal transplant recipients’ negative automatic thoughts and anxiety before organ transplantation. Material and methods. The population of this correlational descriptive study consisted of 108 patients waiting for cornea transplantation in the Eye Bank unit of a hospital in the south east region of Türkiye. The data were obtained from the patients presented to the ophthalmology clinic for transplantation between September and December 2022. A patient information form, the Negative Automatic Thoughts Scale, and the Trait Anxiety Scale were used to collect the data. Percentage distribution, arithmetic mean, logistic regression and correlation analysis were used in the data analysis. Results. It was determined that the mean score of the negative automatic thoughts of the transplant patients participating in the study was 100.69±47.83, and the trait anxiety mean score was 53.06±6.07. There was a positive relationship between neg ative automatic thoughts and trait anxiety at a moderate level, which was statistically significant (p<0.05, r=0.53). Conclusion. It was determined in the study that the patients’ negative automatic thoughts and trait anxiety were high, and their anxiety increased as the negative automatic thoughts increased.","PeriodicalId":11828,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":"44 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140361915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-30DOI: 10.15584/ejcem.2024.1.27
Purti Mishra, Pooja Sethi, Selva Kumar Ramasamy, A. Saini, H. Tuli, Divya Mittal, Aarti Trehan
Introduction and aim. At present, several microbial diseases are prominent and of concern worldwide. The intent of this study was to examine the antibacterial potential of newly synthesized tetradentate macrocyclic complexes against different bacte rial strains. The macrocyclic scaffold has gained attention as a biologically active class of supramolecular chemistry due to its unique properties and ability to target various microorganisms. Thus, the goal of the present study was to develop a series of biologically active transition metal-based macrocycles. Material and methods. All macrocyclic compounds were synthesized by a template method and validated by molar conductiv ity, elemental studies, and spectral and magnetic studies. Antibacterial activities of all metal complexes were evaluated against Escherichia coli (MTCC 739) and Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 731) bacterial strains by taking ampicillin as a standard reference drug. DNA photocleavage potential was explored using agarose gel electrophoresis. Results. Results revealed the formation of novel macrocyclic complexes via tetra nitrogen bond trapping of metals. Copper complexes have strong potential against S. aureus bacteria as copper and nickel both show good DNA photocleavage potential. Conclusion. The findings endorse the biomedical relevance of these macrocyclic scaffolds, suggesting avenues for further exploration in targeted drug delivery and potential clinical applications. The proposed octahedral geometry for the complexes enhances our understanding of their structural aspects. This research contributes substantively to the field, laying the foundation for future investigations in advanced antimicrobial design and application.
引言和目的。目前，一些微生物疾病在全球范围内十分突出，备受关注。本研究旨在考察新合成的四价大环复合物对不同菌株的抗菌潜力。大环支架因其独特的性质和针对各种微生物的能力，作为一类具有生物活性的超分子化学物质而备受关注。因此，本研究的目标是开发一系列具有生物活性的过渡金属基大环。材料和方法。所有大环化合物均采用模板法合成，并通过摩尔电导率、元素研究、光谱和磁性研究进行验证。以氨苄西林为标准参考药物，评估了所有金属复合物对大肠杆菌（MTCC 739）和金黄色葡萄球菌（MTCC 731）的抗菌活性。使用琼脂糖凝胶电泳法探讨了 DNA 的光裂解潜力。结果显示结果表明，金属通过四氮键捕获形成了新型大环配合物。铜复合物对金黄色葡萄球菌有很强的抗菌潜力，因为铜和镍都表现出良好的 DNA 光破坏潜力。结论这些研究结果证明了这些大环支架的生物医学相关性，为进一步探索靶向给药和潜在的临床应用提供了途径。为这些复合物提出的八面体几何结构增强了我们对其结构方面的理解。这项研究为该领域做出了实质性的贡献，为未来先进抗菌设计和应用的研究奠定了基础。
{"title":"Antibacterial, DNA photocleavage and molecular docking studies of newly prepared Schiff-based macrocyclic complexes","authors":"Purti Mishra, Pooja Sethi, Selva Kumar Ramasamy, A. Saini, H. Tuli, Divya Mittal, Aarti Trehan","doi":"10.15584/ejcem.2024.1.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/ejcem.2024.1.27","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and aim. At present, several microbial diseases are prominent and of concern worldwide. The intent of this study was to examine the antibacterial potential of newly synthesized tetradentate macrocyclic complexes against different bacte rial strains. The macrocyclic scaffold has gained attention as a biologically active class of supramolecular chemistry due to its unique properties and ability to target various microorganisms. Thus, the goal of the present study was to develop a series of biologically active transition metal-based macrocycles. Material and methods. All macrocyclic compounds were synthesized by a template method and validated by molar conductiv ity, elemental studies, and spectral and magnetic studies. Antibacterial activities of all metal complexes were evaluated against Escherichia coli (MTCC 739) and Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 731) bacterial strains by taking ampicillin as a standard reference drug. DNA photocleavage potential was explored using agarose gel electrophoresis. Results. Results revealed the formation of novel macrocyclic complexes via tetra nitrogen bond trapping of metals. Copper complexes have strong potential against S. aureus bacteria as copper and nickel both show good DNA photocleavage potential. Conclusion. The findings endorse the biomedical relevance of these macrocyclic scaffolds, suggesting avenues for further exploration in targeted drug delivery and potential clinical applications. The proposed octahedral geometry for the complexes enhances our understanding of their structural aspects. This research contributes substantively to the field, laying the foundation for future investigations in advanced antimicrobial design and application.","PeriodicalId":11828,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":"32 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140363521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-30DOI: 10.15584/ejcem.2024.1.10
Al-Noor Opied Al-Tayeb, Mohammed Hayati Abubakr, Hafsa Ahmed Elrheima, Ahmed Khalid Habbani, Rami Y. Hassab Elrasul
Introduction and aim. Methamphetamine-use disorder is a pressing global public health issue. In Sudan, the escalating meth amphetamine (METH) consumption has become a significant social and health problem. This study aims to evaluate liver and kidney biomarkers in methamphetamine addicts in Khartoum state Material and methods. The study was an analytical prospective cross-sectional hospital-based study. One hundred partici pants were enrolled in this study, fifty were cases (methamphetamine addicts), and others were healthy non-METH users as a comparative group. Results. METH users had a mean age of (27±7) years and had been using METH for an average of (14±9) months. Urea and cre atinine levels were also significantly elevated in METH users compared to non-users, with p<0.001 and p=0.044, respectively. Their aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels were significantly higher compared to non-users, with p<0.001. Conclusion. There was significant increases in creatinine, urea, and aminotransferases levels in the case group. ALT showed a moderate positive correlation with abuse duration, while AST showed no significant correlation. Urea and creatinine levels had strong and moderate positive correlations with abuse duration, respectively.
{"title":"Assessment of serum creatinine, urea, and aminotransferase levels among methamphetamine addicted individuals in Khartoum State","authors":"Al-Noor Opied Al-Tayeb, Mohammed Hayati Abubakr, Hafsa Ahmed Elrheima, Ahmed Khalid Habbani, Rami Y. Hassab Elrasul","doi":"10.15584/ejcem.2024.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/ejcem.2024.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and aim. Methamphetamine-use disorder is a pressing global public health issue. In Sudan, the escalating meth amphetamine (METH) consumption has become a significant social and health problem. This study aims to evaluate liver and kidney biomarkers in methamphetamine addicts in Khartoum state Material and methods. The study was an analytical prospective cross-sectional hospital-based study. One hundred partici pants were enrolled in this study, fifty were cases (methamphetamine addicts), and others were healthy non-METH users as a comparative group. Results. METH users had a mean age of (27±7) years and had been using METH for an average of (14±9) months. Urea and cre atinine levels were also significantly elevated in METH users compared to non-users, with p<0.001 and p=0.044, respectively. Their aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels were significantly higher compared to non-users, with p<0.001. Conclusion. There was significant increases in creatinine, urea, and aminotransferases levels in the case group. ALT showed a moderate positive correlation with abuse duration, while AST showed no significant correlation. Urea and creatinine levels had strong and moderate positive correlations with abuse duration, respectively.","PeriodicalId":11828,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":"59 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140363685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-30DOI: 10.15584/ejcem.2024.1.13
Aleksandra Partyka, Martyna Dyrek, Piotr Sikorski, Ewa Sikorska
Introduction and aim. Blue light is part of the natural light spectrum and plays a role in regulating the circadian rhythm. However, with the increasing use of electronic devices and energy-efficient lighting emitting high levels of artificial blue light, concerns are raised regarding its potential effect on human health. Blue-blocking filters have been developed and are adver tised as a solution to be used in spectacles or intraocular lenses. This review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the use of blue-blocking filters based on the results of clinical trials. Material and methods. This review included relevant original papers reporting on clinical trial results from PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases using specified keywords. Analysis of the literature. Trials conducted with patients reveal mixed results, with some showing no significant changes in vision and reading abilities, while others indicating potential limitations such as reduced contrast vision. However, blue-blocking filters have demonstrated potential benefits in improving sleep quality and mood, particularly in patients with sleep disturbances or psychiatric disorders. The efficacy of blue-blocking filters in mitigating symptoms of digital eye strain remains inconclusive. Conclusion. Overall, this paper provides a comprehensive assessment of the benefits and limitations associated with the use of blue-blocking filters, highlighting the need for further investigation in certain areas.
导言和目的。蓝光是自然光光谱的一部分，在调节昼夜节律方面发挥作用。然而，随着人们越来越多地使用电子设备和高能效照明设备，人工蓝光的辐射量越来越高，人们开始关注蓝光对人体健康的潜在影响。阻隔蓝光的滤光片应运而生，并被宣传为眼镜或眼内镜片的解决方案。本综述旨在根据临床试验结果，深入分析阻蓝滤光片的使用情况。材料和方法。本综述使用指定关键词，从 PubMed、Science Direct 和 Google Scholar 数据库中收录了报告临床试验结果的相关原创论文。文献分析。对患者进行的试验结果好坏参半，一些试验显示视力和阅读能力没有明显变化，而另一些试验则显示出潜在的局限性，如对比度视力下降。不过，阻蓝滤光片在改善睡眠质量和情绪方面有潜在的好处，尤其是对睡眠障碍或精神疾病患者。阻蓝滤光片在减轻数码眼疲劳症状方面的功效仍无定论。结论。总之，本文对使用阻蓝滤光片的益处和局限性进行了全面评估，强调了在某些领域开展进一步研究的必要性。
{"title":"The benefits and limitations of using blue-blocking filters – a review of results of clinical trials","authors":"Aleksandra Partyka, Martyna Dyrek, Piotr Sikorski, Ewa Sikorska","doi":"10.15584/ejcem.2024.1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/ejcem.2024.1.13","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and aim. Blue light is part of the natural light spectrum and plays a role in regulating the circadian rhythm. However, with the increasing use of electronic devices and energy-efficient lighting emitting high levels of artificial blue light, concerns are raised regarding its potential effect on human health. Blue-blocking filters have been developed and are adver tised as a solution to be used in spectacles or intraocular lenses. This review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the use of blue-blocking filters based on the results of clinical trials. Material and methods. This review included relevant original papers reporting on clinical trial results from PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases using specified keywords. Analysis of the literature. Trials conducted with patients reveal mixed results, with some showing no significant changes in vision and reading abilities, while others indicating potential limitations such as reduced contrast vision. However, blue-blocking filters have demonstrated potential benefits in improving sleep quality and mood, particularly in patients with sleep disturbances or psychiatric disorders. The efficacy of blue-blocking filters in mitigating symptoms of digital eye strain remains inconclusive. Conclusion. Overall, this paper provides a comprehensive assessment of the benefits and limitations associated with the use of blue-blocking filters, highlighting the need for further investigation in certain areas.","PeriodicalId":11828,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":"27 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140364598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-30DOI: 10.15584/ejcem.2024.1.17
Kavitha Manivannan, Malathi Ramasamy, Uma Sundaresan, Samar M. Moustafa, Sherloumay, Safna Mariyam
Introduction and aim. Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease. Experimental clinical and laboratory diagnosis is still facing problems in identifying the organism. The present study will diagnose a Brucella infection in camel blood in Qatar using serological assays. Isolation and identification were performed on a camel blood sample. Brucella in bacterial isolates was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) as a gold standard test. Material and methods. A total of 220 samples, 200 random serum samples, and 20 EDTA blood samples were selected among the above-mentioned random samples, and 20 serum samples from camel handlers were collected from Al Shahaniya prov ince, Qatar. The Rose Bengal test (RBT), buffered antigen plate agglutination test (BAPAT), and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) for the monoclonal antibody in serum samples were performed using commercially available kits. For the molecular detection of Brucella, conventional PCR and real-time PCR (GPS kit) were used for the genus-specific insertion sequence IS711. Brucella melitensis (MICROBOSS Hightech GmbH kit) was used to identify subspecies. Results. The results identified by vitek2 compact (30%) showed B. melitensis in 6 samples out of 20 isolates. Both conventional (66.67%) and RT-PCR (83.33%) analyses supported this, demonstrating the presence of Brucella. These tests also showed that Brucella species were present in Rose Bengal 182/200 (91%), BAPAT 182/200 (91%), and cELISA (90%) 180/200 in camel serum. Conclusion. To conclude, the prevalence of brucellosis in dromedary camels is higher in this region, and as a matter of urgency, measures should be taken to control the disease.
{"title":"Identification of Brucella melitensis from camel’s blood by vitek2 and real time polymerase chain reaction","authors":"Kavitha Manivannan, Malathi Ramasamy, Uma Sundaresan, Samar M. Moustafa, Sherloumay, Safna Mariyam","doi":"10.15584/ejcem.2024.1.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/ejcem.2024.1.17","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and aim. Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease. Experimental clinical and laboratory diagnosis is still facing problems in identifying the organism. The present study will diagnose a Brucella infection in camel blood in Qatar using serological assays. Isolation and identification were performed on a camel blood sample. Brucella in bacterial isolates was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) as a gold standard test. Material and methods. A total of 220 samples, 200 random serum samples, and 20 EDTA blood samples were selected among the above-mentioned random samples, and 20 serum samples from camel handlers were collected from Al Shahaniya prov ince, Qatar. The Rose Bengal test (RBT), buffered antigen plate agglutination test (BAPAT), and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) for the monoclonal antibody in serum samples were performed using commercially available kits. For the molecular detection of Brucella, conventional PCR and real-time PCR (GPS kit) were used for the genus-specific insertion sequence IS711. Brucella melitensis (MICROBOSS Hightech GmbH kit) was used to identify subspecies. Results. The results identified by vitek2 compact (30%) showed B. melitensis in 6 samples out of 20 isolates. Both conventional (66.67%) and RT-PCR (83.33%) analyses supported this, demonstrating the presence of Brucella. These tests also showed that Brucella species were present in Rose Bengal 182/200 (91%), BAPAT 182/200 (91%), and cELISA (90%) 180/200 in camel serum. Conclusion. To conclude, the prevalence of brucellosis in dromedary camels is higher in this region, and as a matter of urgency, measures should be taken to control the disease.","PeriodicalId":11828,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":"58 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140362638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ronak Dhirubhai Patel, ID Monika M. Dabhelker, ID Priya Mahendrabhai Patel, Preeti Solanki
Introduction and aim. Vasectomy was introduced in India in 1992 and is the most effective, simple, and safe permanent method of contraception yet its use is very limited among the population. The study’s objectives were to assess the knowledge, attitude, and perception towards vasectomy and the barriers to adoption among married men in Dadra and Nagar Haveli. Material and methods. A cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted on married male attendants of patients and data were collected on sociodemographic details, knowledge regarding vasectomy, their attitude and perceptions towards vasec tomy, and their intention of using vasectomy in the future. Results. Out of 300 participants, 258 (86%) participants have heard of vasectomy as a contraceptive method, and only one participant has undergone vasectomy. The majority (285; 95%) of the participants agreed that family planning is also a responsi bility of males while nearly two-third (185; 61.7%) of them were not willing to undergo vasectomy in the future. Procedure-re lated factors, post-procedure-related factors, social factors, availability of alternate contraceptive methods, and preference for tubectomy were the barriers to the adoption of vasectomy. Conclusion. There is a need to provide correct information and counseling about vasectomy and non-scalpel vasectomy to eligible couples to increase the acceptance of vasectomy as a safe, effective, and cheaper method of contraception.
{"title":"Exploring barriers to vasectomy adoption among married men in Dadra and Nagar Haveli","authors":"Ronak Dhirubhai Patel, ID Monika M. Dabhelker, ID Priya Mahendrabhai Patel, Preeti Solanki","doi":"10.15584/ejcem.2024.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/ejcem.2024.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and aim. Vasectomy was introduced in India in 1992 and is the most effective, simple, and safe permanent method of contraception yet its use is very limited among the population. The study’s objectives were to assess the knowledge, attitude, and perception towards vasectomy and the barriers to adoption among married men in Dadra and Nagar Haveli. Material and methods. A cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted on married male attendants of patients and data were collected on sociodemographic details, knowledge regarding vasectomy, their attitude and perceptions towards vasec tomy, and their intention of using vasectomy in the future. Results. Out of 300 participants, 258 (86%) participants have heard of vasectomy as a contraceptive method, and only one participant has undergone vasectomy. The majority (285; 95%) of the participants agreed that family planning is also a responsi bility of males while nearly two-third (185; 61.7%) of them were not willing to undergo vasectomy in the future. Procedure-re lated factors, post-procedure-related factors, social factors, availability of alternate contraceptive methods, and preference for tubectomy were the barriers to the adoption of vasectomy. Conclusion. There is a need to provide correct information and counseling about vasectomy and non-scalpel vasectomy to eligible couples to increase the acceptance of vasectomy as a safe, effective, and cheaper method of contraception.","PeriodicalId":11828,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":"22 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140364506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-30DOI: 10.15584/ejcem.2023.4.26
Dhishank Singh, Ginpreet Kaur, M. Chintamaneni, Hemant Joshi, S. Ramniwas, H. Tuli
Introduction and aim. Ciclopirox has been treating fungal infections for decades. Recent studies suggest ciclopirox may be repurposed to treat cancer, viral infections, and neurological disorders. Ciclopirox exerts anticancer by inhibiting multiple pathways of cancer cell growth and survival and anti-viral actions by reducing viral replication and altering the host immunological response to viral infection. Recent research suggests that ciclopirox may protect against neurodegenerative illnesses including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. This narrative review shows ciclopirox’s potential to treat cancer, viral infections, and neurological diseases. Material and methods. Current relevant research publications focused on ciclopirox and its repurposing medicinal potential, therefore a well-designed technique was used to find them. „Ciclopirox”, „Anti-fungal”, „Anti-cancer”, „Repurposing”, and „Therapeutic potential” were used to search PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. Analysis of literature. Ciclopirox may reduce oxidative stress and inflammation, which may cause several illnesses. Overall, the repurposing of ciclopirox for the treatment of cancer, viral infections, and neurodegenerative disorders represents a promising avenue of research that warrants further investigation. Conclusion. It was concluded that CPX and olamine derivatives as outstanding antifungal medications, as well as provide information on ongoing research to use them for other illnesses.
导言和目的。环吡酮胺治疗真菌感染已有数十年历史。最近的研究表明，环吡酮胺可重新用于治疗癌症、病毒感染和神经系统疾病。环吡酮胺通过抑制癌细胞生长和存活的多种途径发挥抗癌作用，并通过减少病毒复制和改变宿主对病毒感染的免疫反应发挥抗病毒作用。最新研究表明，环吡酮胺可预防神经退行性疾病，包括阿尔茨海默氏症和帕金森氏症。这篇叙述性综述展示了环吡酮胺治疗癌症、病毒感染和神经系统疾病的潜力。材料和方法目前的相关研究出版物主要关注环吡酮胺及其再利用的医药潜力，因此我们采用了精心设计的技术来查找这些出版物。使用 "环吡酮胺"、"抗真菌"、"抗癌"、"再利用 "和 "治疗潜力 "对 PubMed、Web of Science、EMBASE 和 Google Scholar 进行搜索。文献分析。环吡酮胺可减少氧化应激和炎症，而氧化应激和炎症可能导致多种疾病。总之，将环吡酮胺重新用于治疗癌症、病毒感染和神经退行性疾病是一条很有前景的研究途径，值得进一步研究。结论结论认为，环吡酮胺和榄香烯衍生物是出色的抗真菌药物，同时还提供了正在进行的将其用于其他疾病的研究信息。
{"title":"Exploring the versatility of ciclopirox – from anti-fungal to anticancer agent and beyond","authors":"Dhishank Singh, Ginpreet Kaur, M. Chintamaneni, Hemant Joshi, S. Ramniwas, H. Tuli","doi":"10.15584/ejcem.2023.4.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/ejcem.2023.4.26","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and aim. Ciclopirox has been treating fungal infections for decades. Recent studies suggest ciclopirox may be repurposed to treat cancer, viral infections, and neurological disorders. Ciclopirox exerts anticancer by inhibiting multiple pathways of cancer cell growth and survival and anti-viral actions by reducing viral replication and altering the host immunological response to viral infection. Recent research suggests that ciclopirox may protect against neurodegenerative illnesses including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. This narrative review shows ciclopirox’s potential to treat cancer, viral infections, and neurological diseases. Material and methods. Current relevant research publications focused on ciclopirox and its repurposing medicinal potential, therefore a well-designed technique was used to find them. „Ciclopirox”, „Anti-fungal”, „Anti-cancer”, „Repurposing”, and „Therapeutic potential” were used to search PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. Analysis of literature. Ciclopirox may reduce oxidative stress and inflammation, which may cause several illnesses. Overall, the repurposing of ciclopirox for the treatment of cancer, viral infections, and neurodegenerative disorders represents a promising avenue of research that warrants further investigation. Conclusion. It was concluded that CPX and olamine derivatives as outstanding antifungal medications, as well as provide information on ongoing research to use them for other illnesses.","PeriodicalId":11828,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":" 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139138127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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