Pub Date : 2025-08-22DOI: 10.1038/s41430-025-01658-2
V. Neuman, K. Maratova, L. Plachy, L. Drnkova, S. Pruhova, S. Kolouskova, B. Obermannova, S. A. Amaratunga, M. Kulich, J. Havlik, O. Cinek, Z. Sumnik
We investigated whether a short period of tightly controlled low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) leads to a change in body weight, body composition, and muscle strength in children and young people with diabetes (CYPwD). Thirty-five CYPwD were recruited into this randomized controlled cross-over study (20 female; age 14.5 ± 2.9 years). The interventions were five and five weeks of ready-made food box deliveries of isocaloric diets in random order: either LCD (94.5 ± 4.7 g/day) or recommended carbohydrate diet (RCD) (191 ± 19.2 g/day). The outcomes were body weight and body mass index (BMI) standard deviation scores (SDS), body fat percentage assessed by bioimpedance and muscle strength assessed by jumping mechanography at the end of each dietary intervention. The Welch two-sample t-tests were used to determine the difference in outcomes. At the end of the LCD period, the participants had significantly lower body weight and BMI SDS than at the end of the RCD period (61.7 kg vs. 62.6 kg, P < 0.001, and 22.3 kg/m2 vs. 22.7 kg/m2, P < 0.001) and (0.84 SD vs. 0.94 SD, P < 0.001, and 0.81 SD vs. 0.91 SD, P < 0.001). The body fat percentage was lower at the end of the LCD period (24.5% vs. 25.3%, P = 0.001). Dynamic muscle functions did not differ significantly at the end of the intervention periods. We demonstrated that a short-term low-carbohydrate diet is able to decrease body weight, BMI, and decrease the percentage of body fat in CYPwD without negatively affecting their muscle function.
目的：我们研究短期严格控制的低碳水化合物饮食（LCD）是否会导致儿童和青少年糖尿病（CYPwD）患者体重、身体成分和肌肉力量的变化。方法：随机对照交叉研究共招募35例CYPwD患者（女性20例，年龄14.5±2.9岁）。干预措施为5周和5周，随机提供等热量饮食的现成食品盒：LCD（94.5±4.7 g/天）或推荐碳水化合物饮食（RCD）（191±19.2 g/天）。结果是每次饮食干预结束时的体重和体重指数（BMI）标准差评分（SDS）、生物阻抗评估的体脂率和跳跃力学评估的肌肉力量。使用Welch双样本t检验来确定结果的差异。结果：在LCD期结束时，参与者的体重和BMI SDS明显低于RCD期结束时（61.7 kg vs. 62.6 kg, P 2 vs. 22.7 kg/m2， P）。结论：我们证明短期低碳水化合物饮食能够降低体重、BMI和CYPwD患者的体脂百分比，而不会对肌肉功能产生负面影响。
{"title":"Short-term low-carbohydrate diet decreases body weight and fat mass but not muscle strength in children and young people with type 1 diabetes","authors":"V. Neuman, K. Maratova, L. Plachy, L. Drnkova, S. Pruhova, S. Kolouskova, B. Obermannova, S. A. Amaratunga, M. Kulich, J. Havlik, O. Cinek, Z. Sumnik","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01658-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-025-01658-2","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated whether a short period of tightly controlled low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) leads to a change in body weight, body composition, and muscle strength in children and young people with diabetes (CYPwD). Thirty-five CYPwD were recruited into this randomized controlled cross-over study (20 female; age 14.5 ± 2.9 years). The interventions were five and five weeks of ready-made food box deliveries of isocaloric diets in random order: either LCD (94.5 ± 4.7 g/day) or recommended carbohydrate diet (RCD) (191 ± 19.2 g/day). The outcomes were body weight and body mass index (BMI) standard deviation scores (SDS), body fat percentage assessed by bioimpedance and muscle strength assessed by jumping mechanography at the end of each dietary intervention. The Welch two-sample t-tests were used to determine the difference in outcomes. At the end of the LCD period, the participants had significantly lower body weight and BMI SDS than at the end of the RCD period (61.7 kg vs. 62.6 kg, P < 0.001, and 22.3 kg/m2 vs. 22.7 kg/m2, P < 0.001) and (0.84 SD vs. 0.94 SD, P < 0.001, and 0.81 SD vs. 0.91 SD, P < 0.001). The body fat percentage was lower at the end of the LCD period (24.5% vs. 25.3%, P = 0.001). Dynamic muscle functions did not differ significantly at the end of the intervention periods. We demonstrated that a short-term low-carbohydrate diet is able to decrease body weight, BMI, and decrease the percentage of body fat in CYPwD without negatively affecting their muscle function.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"79 11","pages":"1149-1153"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-025-01658-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144947509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the increasing burden of metabolic syndrome, it is crucial to focus on lifestyle factors to reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome. This study aims to quantify the associations between dietary diversity and the risk of metabolic syndrome among the Japanese population. This study was conducted using baseline data from the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort (J-MICC) study. The baseline survey was conducted from 2005 to 2014 by recruiting individuals aged 35–69. Information regarding dietary intake and biometric measurements were obtained. Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) was calculated from the data based on the food frequency questionnaire. A multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the association between DDS and metabolic syndrome. In total, 75,332 participants were included for analysis. Inverse associations were observed between a high DDS and metabolic syndrome (adjusted odds ratio, 0.83 [95% confidential interval 0.76–0.92]). Likewise, a high DDS was associated with reduced odds of a high body mass index and hypertension. No significant associations were observed between the DDS and serum triglyceride, fasting blood glucose, or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol values. The findings of this study emphasize that dietary diversity has inversed associations with metabolic syndrome. Promoting a diverse and balanced diet can be a potential strategy for mitigating the burden of metabolic syndrome.
{"title":"Dietary diversity and the risk of metabolic syndrome in a Japanese population: an analysis of baseline cross-sectional data from the J-MICC study","authors":"Zin Wai Htay, Nobuaki Michihata, Yohko Nakamura, Yoshitaka Hippo, Jun Otonari, Hiroaki Ikezaki, Yuichiro Nishida, Chisato Shimanoe, Takashi Tamura, Mako Nagayoshi, Yasufumi Kato, Yudai Tamada, Asahi Hishida, Shiroh Tanoue, Daisaku Nishimoto, Teruhide Koyama, Etsuko Ozaki, Kiyonori Kuriki, Naoyuki Takashima, Naoko Miyagawa, Sakurako Katsuura-Kamano, Takeshi Watanabe, Kenji Wakai, Keitaro Matsuo","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01654-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-025-01654-6","url":null,"abstract":"With the increasing burden of metabolic syndrome, it is crucial to focus on lifestyle factors to reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome. This study aims to quantify the associations between dietary diversity and the risk of metabolic syndrome among the Japanese population. This study was conducted using baseline data from the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort (J-MICC) study. The baseline survey was conducted from 2005 to 2014 by recruiting individuals aged 35–69. Information regarding dietary intake and biometric measurements were obtained. Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) was calculated from the data based on the food frequency questionnaire. A multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the association between DDS and metabolic syndrome. In total, 75,332 participants were included for analysis. Inverse associations were observed between a high DDS and metabolic syndrome (adjusted odds ratio, 0.83 [95% confidential interval 0.76–0.92]). Likewise, a high DDS was associated with reduced odds of a high body mass index and hypertension. No significant associations were observed between the DDS and serum triglyceride, fasting blood glucose, or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol values. The findings of this study emphasize that dietary diversity has inversed associations with metabolic syndrome. Promoting a diverse and balanced diet can be a potential strategy for mitigating the burden of metabolic syndrome.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"79 11","pages":"1106-1113"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144854963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-14DOI: 10.1038/s41430-025-01652-8
Edward H. Reynolds, Agata Sobczyńska-Malefora, Ralph Green
The benefits of folic acid fortification are well known but less understood or acknowledged is the growing evidence of potential harms to the nervous system from excess folate, primarily because of a combination of fortification and/or high and sustained intake of folic acid supplements. We have summarised the historical, clinical, epidemiological and experimental evidence accumulated over the last 60 years in the pre and postfortification eras, which consistently and substantially suggests that excess folate, in particular in folic acid users, can have direct harms to the nervous system, especially in the presence of vitamin B12 deficiency. The harms are related both to the dose and duration of exposure to excess folic acid. Recent experimental evidence suggests that impaired cortical neurogenesis with excess folic acid is similar to that of folate or vitamin B12 deficiency and greatest when folate excess is present with vitamin B12 deficiency. Excess folate leads to a fall in vitamin B12 levels and aggravation of the block in folate metabolism resulting from vitamin B12 deficiency. The balance between folate and vitamin B12 is crucial to the functioning of one carbon metabolic pathways, the methylation cycle and ultimately to DNA and RNA structure and function, genetic and epigenetic stability. Vitamin B12 deficiency is an independent risk factor for NTDs and accounts for the increased risk of NTDs in some countries where B12 deficiency is more common than folate deficiency. A more prudent and balanced approach to fortification with folic acid, or preferably a natural reduced folate, combined with vitamin B12 would potentially improve the benefits and reduce the harms, including epigenetic and transgenerational risks, associated with current public health policies.
{"title":"Fortification, folate and vitamin B12 balance, and the nervous system. Is folic acid excess potentially harmful?","authors":"Edward H. Reynolds, Agata Sobczyńska-Malefora, Ralph Green","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01652-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-025-01652-8","url":null,"abstract":"The benefits of folic acid fortification are well known but less understood or acknowledged is the growing evidence of potential harms to the nervous system from excess folate, primarily because of a combination of fortification and/or high and sustained intake of folic acid supplements. We have summarised the historical, clinical, epidemiological and experimental evidence accumulated over the last 60 years in the pre and postfortification eras, which consistently and substantially suggests that excess folate, in particular in folic acid users, can have direct harms to the nervous system, especially in the presence of vitamin B12 deficiency. The harms are related both to the dose and duration of exposure to excess folic acid. Recent experimental evidence suggests that impaired cortical neurogenesis with excess folic acid is similar to that of folate or vitamin B12 deficiency and greatest when folate excess is present with vitamin B12 deficiency. Excess folate leads to a fall in vitamin B12 levels and aggravation of the block in folate metabolism resulting from vitamin B12 deficiency. The balance between folate and vitamin B12 is crucial to the functioning of one carbon metabolic pathways, the methylation cycle and ultimately to DNA and RNA structure and function, genetic and epigenetic stability. Vitamin B12 deficiency is an independent risk factor for NTDs and accounts for the increased risk of NTDs in some countries where B12 deficiency is more common than folate deficiency. A more prudent and balanced approach to fortification with folic acid, or preferably a natural reduced folate, combined with vitamin B12 would potentially improve the benefits and reduce the harms, including epigenetic and transgenerational risks, associated with current public health policies.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"79 11","pages":"1073-1077"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144854964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-13DOI: 10.1038/s41430-025-01655-5
Xu-Wen Wang, Scott T. Weiss, Frank B. Hu, Yang-Yu Liu
Various diet scores have been developed to assess compliance with dietary guidelines. Yet, enhancing those diet scores is very challenging. Here, we tackle this issue by formalizing an optimization problem and solving it with simulated annealing. Our optimization-based dietary recommendation (ODR) approach, evaluated using Diet-Microbiome Association study data, provides efficient and reasonable recommendations for different diet scores. ODR has the potential to enhance nutritional counseling and promote dietary adherence for healthy eating.
{"title":"Optimization-based dietary recommendations for healthy eating","authors":"Xu-Wen Wang, Scott T. Weiss, Frank B. Hu, Yang-Yu Liu","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01655-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-025-01655-5","url":null,"abstract":"Various diet scores have been developed to assess compliance with dietary guidelines. Yet, enhancing those diet scores is very challenging. Here, we tackle this issue by formalizing an optimization problem and solving it with simulated annealing. Our optimization-based dietary recommendation (ODR) approach, evaluated using Diet-Microbiome Association study data, provides efficient and reasonable recommendations for different diet scores. ODR has the potential to enhance nutritional counseling and promote dietary adherence for healthy eating.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"80 1","pages":"130-134"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144845012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-31DOI: 10.1038/s41430-025-01645-7
Alice Scricciolo, Vincenza Lombardo, Karla Amada Bascuñán, Magdalena Araya, Luca Elli, Andrea Costantino, Rachele Gori, Giulia Gilberti, Flavio Caprioli, Gian Eugenio Tontini, Maurizio Vecchi, Federica Mascaretti, Luisa Doneda, Valentina Meschia, Leda Roncoroni
Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) are inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) with varying clinical presentations. Current literature lacks specific dietary recommendations, though diets may serve as potential tools. This study, conducted at IRCCS Ca’ Granda Foundation Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico of Milan from April 2020 to July 2022, aimed to evaluate the diets of UC and CD patients, focusing on preferred and avoided foods. Results showed 67.4% and 80.9% of participants in remission by Mayo and HBI scores, respectively, with normal nutritional status and higher weight in CD versus UC patients and controls. Lactose-free diets were most common (21.3% UC, 17.4% CD, 11.6% controls), followed by gluten-free diets (23.4% UC, 13.4% CD, 9.3% controls). Low-FODMAPS diet adoption was minimal. Fibre avoidance was notable in CD (52%) and UC (45%) versus controls (5%). Pasta and bread consumption were high across groups. No dietary associations with disease activity or intergroup differences were found. The study population exhibited mild to moderate disease activity, normal nutritional status and prevalent dietary restrictions affecting nutrient intake and quality of life. Lactose-free diets were frequently employed, while gluten-free and low-FODMAPS diets were less common. Encouraging supervised fibre intake is recommended to prevent microbiota alterations negatively impacting intestinal health and homeostasis in IBD patients.
背景和目的：溃疡性结肠炎（UC）和克罗恩病（CD）是具有不同临床表现的炎症性肠病（IBD）。目前的文献缺乏具体的饮食建议，尽管饮食可能作为潜在的工具。方法：本研究于2020年4月至2022年7月在米兰的IRCCS Ca' Granda Foundation Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico进行，旨在评估UC和CD患者的饮食，重点关注首选和避免的食物。结果：结果显示，与UC患者和对照组相比，经Mayo评分和HBI评分，67.4%和80.9%的患者营养状况正常，体重较高。无乳糖饮食最常见（21.3% UC, 17.4% CD， 11.6%对照），其次是无麸质饮食（23.4% UC, 13.4% CD， 9.3%对照）。低fodmaps饮食的采用率最低。与对照组（5%）相比，乳糜泻（52%）和UC（45%）患者对纤维的回避尤为显著。意大利面和面包的消费量在各组中都很高。没有发现饮食与疾病活动性或组间差异有关。结论：研究人群表现出轻度至中度疾病活动，营养状况正常，普遍存在影响营养摄入和生活质量的饮食限制。无乳糖饮食经常被采用，而无麸质和低fodmaps饮食不太常见。建议鼓励有监督的纤维摄入，以防止肠道菌群改变对IBD患者肠道健康和体内平衡产生负面影响。
{"title":"Assessment of nutritional status and eating behaviours in patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease: a pilot study","authors":"Alice Scricciolo, Vincenza Lombardo, Karla Amada Bascuñán, Magdalena Araya, Luca Elli, Andrea Costantino, Rachele Gori, Giulia Gilberti, Flavio Caprioli, Gian Eugenio Tontini, Maurizio Vecchi, Federica Mascaretti, Luisa Doneda, Valentina Meschia, Leda Roncoroni","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01645-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-025-01645-7","url":null,"abstract":"Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) are inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) with varying clinical presentations. Current literature lacks specific dietary recommendations, though diets may serve as potential tools. This study, conducted at IRCCS Ca’ Granda Foundation Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico of Milan from April 2020 to July 2022, aimed to evaluate the diets of UC and CD patients, focusing on preferred and avoided foods. Results showed 67.4% and 80.9% of participants in remission by Mayo and HBI scores, respectively, with normal nutritional status and higher weight in CD versus UC patients and controls. Lactose-free diets were most common (21.3% UC, 17.4% CD, 11.6% controls), followed by gluten-free diets (23.4% UC, 13.4% CD, 9.3% controls). Low-FODMAPS diet adoption was minimal. Fibre avoidance was notable in CD (52%) and UC (45%) versus controls (5%). Pasta and bread consumption were high across groups. No dietary associations with disease activity or intergroup differences were found. The study population exhibited mild to moderate disease activity, normal nutritional status and prevalent dietary restrictions affecting nutrient intake and quality of life. Lactose-free diets were frequently employed, while gluten-free and low-FODMAPS diets were less common. Encouraging supervised fibre intake is recommended to prevent microbiota alterations negatively impacting intestinal health and homeostasis in IBD patients.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"79 11","pages":"1130-1137"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144759531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kidney replacement therapy (KRT) is frequently implemented in the intensive care unit. While measuring energy expenditure is recommended in the critically ill, the influence of KRT on indirect calorimetry (IC) is not fully clear. This prospective study aimed to investigate the influence of continuous veno-venous hemodialysis (CVVHD) and slow extended daily dialysis (SLEDD) on IC variables. We included critically ill mechanically ventilated adult medical patients on KRT for acute kidney injury. CVVHD was run with regional citrate anticoagulation, while SLEDD with systemic heparin anticoagulation. We conducted IC twice on every patient, either immediately before the planned termination of KRT and then an hour after the end of KRT or immediately before commencement of KRT and then again after an hour on KRT. We included 100 patients (75 males) with a median age of 64.0 years, a mean APACHE-II score of 30.9 and a mean SOFA score of 11.3 on the day of IC. There was no significant difference in median resting energy expenditure with versus without CVVHD (8029 [6993–9644] versus 7814 [6962–9304] kJ, p = 0.75) as well as with versus without SLEDD (9258 [8017–10,364] versus 9269 [8070–11,065] kJ, p = 0.63). The difference in resting energy expenditure between the two measurements was also not significant regardless of the sequence of IC measurements (p = 0.69). This prospective study on critically ill adult patients did not show any significant difference for indirect calorimetry variables between measurements conducted during CVVHD and SLEDD compared to those without KRT. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04599569
背景：肾脏替代疗法（KRT）经常在重症监护病房实施。虽然在危重患者中推荐测量能量消耗，但KRT对间接量热法（IC）的影响尚不完全清楚。本前瞻性研究旨在探讨持续静脉-静脉血液透析（CVVHD）和缓慢延长每日透析（SLEDD）对IC变量的影响。患者和方法：我们纳入了重症机械通气成人医学患者KRT急性肾损伤。CVVHD组采用局部柠檬酸盐抗凝，SLEDD组采用全身肝素抗凝。我们对每位患者进行了两次IC，一次是在KRT计划终止前，一次是在KRT结束后一小时，或者是在KRT开始前，一次是在KRT开始一小时后。结果：我们纳入了100例患者（75名男性），中位年龄为64.0岁，IC当天的APACHE-II平均评分为30.9，SOFA平均评分为11.3。CVVHD组与非CVVHD组的中位静息能量消耗（8029[6993-9644]对7814 [6962-9304]kJ， p = 0.75）以及SLEDD组与非SLEDD组的中位静息能量消耗（9258[8017- 10364]对9269 [8070- 11065]kJ， p = 0.63）无显著差异。无论IC测量的顺序如何，两种测量之间的静息能量消耗差异也不显著（p = 0.69）。结论：这项对危重成人患者的前瞻性研究显示，与没有KRT的患者相比，CVVHD和SLEDD期间进行的间接量热变量测量没有显着差异。临床试验：gov ID: NCT04599569。
{"title":"Influence of kidney replacement therapy on indirect calorimetry in critically ill patients","authors":"Annalena Knoll, Sirak Petros, Bastian Pasieka, Lorenz Weidhase","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01643-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-025-01643-9","url":null,"abstract":"Kidney replacement therapy (KRT) is frequently implemented in the intensive care unit. While measuring energy expenditure is recommended in the critically ill, the influence of KRT on indirect calorimetry (IC) is not fully clear. This prospective study aimed to investigate the influence of continuous veno-venous hemodialysis (CVVHD) and slow extended daily dialysis (SLEDD) on IC variables. We included critically ill mechanically ventilated adult medical patients on KRT for acute kidney injury. CVVHD was run with regional citrate anticoagulation, while SLEDD with systemic heparin anticoagulation. We conducted IC twice on every patient, either immediately before the planned termination of KRT and then an hour after the end of KRT or immediately before commencement of KRT and then again after an hour on KRT. We included 100 patients (75 males) with a median age of 64.0 years, a mean APACHE-II score of 30.9 and a mean SOFA score of 11.3 on the day of IC. There was no significant difference in median resting energy expenditure with versus without CVVHD (8029 [6993–9644] versus 7814 [6962–9304] kJ, p = 0.75) as well as with versus without SLEDD (9258 [8017–10,364] versus 9269 [8070–11,065] kJ, p = 0.63). The difference in resting energy expenditure between the two measurements was also not significant regardless of the sequence of IC measurements (p = 0.69). This prospective study on critically ill adult patients did not show any significant difference for indirect calorimetry variables between measurements conducted during CVVHD and SLEDD compared to those without KRT. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04599569","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"79 11","pages":"1144-1148"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-025-01643-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144752719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Royal Free Hospital-Nutritional Prioritizing Tool (RFH-NPT) identifies nutritional risk in patients with liver disease, an important factor in cirrhosis outcomes. Recognizing the gap in existing prognostic models, which often overlook malnutrition, we developed and validated an RFH-NPT-based model for predicting outcomes of patients with cirrhosis. This study included inpatients with cirrhosis from a single center between February and July 2016 (training cohort) and patients from six other medical centers admitted between December 2011 and May 2022 (validation cohort). RFH-NPT assessment was conducted at admission, followed by a 5-year follow-up. A nomogram was created using prognostic variables from Cox modeling, best subset regression (BSR), and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. Its performance was evaluated using various statistical methods and compared with that of existing models such as the Child‒Pugh, MELD, and MELD-Na. A total of 152 patients were included in the training cohort. The nutritional risk was significantly greater in nonsurvivors (81.1%) than in survivors (46.5%). The nomogram showed better accuracy in predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival than traditional methods. The nomogram’s effectiveness was confirmed in the validation cohort of 320 patients. This study re-emphasizes the critical role of malnutrition in patients with liver cirrhosis and establishes an effective RFH-NPT-based model for outcome prediction. This study is registered at Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05513651).
{"title":"An RFH-NPT-based nomogram for predicting the long-term survival of liver cirrhosis patients: a multicenter study","authors":"Chengbin Zhu, Yuchao Wu, Fulian Zhao, Ruojing Wang, Qijuan Zang, Zhe Jiao, Yage Zhu, Taotao Yan, Juan Du, Li Zhu, Weimin Li, Yongqin Li, Qing Fan, Anping Wu, Xiaodan Liu, Dianzu Liu, Xianmei Tang, Xiaoxiao Xu, Huaying Liao, Yu Li, Yingren Zhao, Yingli He, Yuan Yang","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01648-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-025-01648-4","url":null,"abstract":"The Royal Free Hospital-Nutritional Prioritizing Tool (RFH-NPT) identifies nutritional risk in patients with liver disease, an important factor in cirrhosis outcomes. Recognizing the gap in existing prognostic models, which often overlook malnutrition, we developed and validated an RFH-NPT-based model for predicting outcomes of patients with cirrhosis. This study included inpatients with cirrhosis from a single center between February and July 2016 (training cohort) and patients from six other medical centers admitted between December 2011 and May 2022 (validation cohort). RFH-NPT assessment was conducted at admission, followed by a 5-year follow-up. A nomogram was created using prognostic variables from Cox modeling, best subset regression (BSR), and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. Its performance was evaluated using various statistical methods and compared with that of existing models such as the Child‒Pugh, MELD, and MELD-Na. A total of 152 patients were included in the training cohort. The nutritional risk was significantly greater in nonsurvivors (81.1%) than in survivors (46.5%). The nomogram showed better accuracy in predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival than traditional methods. The nomogram’s effectiveness was confirmed in the validation cohort of 320 patients. This study re-emphasizes the critical role of malnutrition in patients with liver cirrhosis and establishes an effective RFH-NPT-based model for outcome prediction. This study is registered at Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05513651).","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"80 1","pages":"87-95"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-26DOI: 10.1038/s41430-025-01651-9
Ana Nava-Cabrera, Armando Ramírez-Cruz, Araceli Pérez-Bautista, Alan Canul-Ayil, Gloria Chi-Díaz, Elena Flores-Guillén, Miguel Vazquez-Moreno, Miguel Cruz
Serum total antioxidant capacity (sTAC) and uric acid (SUA) levels have been related to oxidative stress in metabolic diseases. Nevertheless, the evidence in epidemiological studies is still scarce and inconsistent. We aimed to evaluate the association between sTAC, SUA, obesity, and cardiometabolic traits in Mexican children. This cross-sectional study analyzed anthropometric data, blood pressure, cardiometabolic traits, and SUA levels of 248 children with normal weight (NW) and 255 with obesity (OB). sTAC was measured with the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. sTAC was directly related to SUA (β = 0.905 ± 0.358, p = 0.012). Obesity was positively associated with sTAC (β = 0.075 ± 0.020, p < 0.001) and SUA (β = 0.706 ± 0.129, p < 0.001). sTAC was negatively associated with diastolic blood pressure (β = -8.458 ± 3.758, p = 0.026) in NW children and positively associated with insulin (β = 9.511 ± 3.107, p = 0.002) and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (β = 2.065 ± 0.680, p = 0.003) in OB children. SUA showed negative associations with total cholesterol (β = -4.062 ± 1.340, p = 0.003) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (β = -2.470 ± 1.190, p = 0.039) in NW children and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (β = -1.306 ± 0.409, p < 0.01) in OB children. sTAC and SUA are positively associated and are increased in obesity. According to weight status, sTAC and SUA are associated with blood pressure, insulin resistance markers, and lipid profile.
{"title":"Association of serum total antioxidant capacity and uric acid with obesity and cardiometabolic traits in Mexican children","authors":"Ana Nava-Cabrera, Armando Ramírez-Cruz, Araceli Pérez-Bautista, Alan Canul-Ayil, Gloria Chi-Díaz, Elena Flores-Guillén, Miguel Vazquez-Moreno, Miguel Cruz","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01651-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-025-01651-9","url":null,"abstract":"Serum total antioxidant capacity (sTAC) and uric acid (SUA) levels have been related to oxidative stress in metabolic diseases. Nevertheless, the evidence in epidemiological studies is still scarce and inconsistent. We aimed to evaluate the association between sTAC, SUA, obesity, and cardiometabolic traits in Mexican children. This cross-sectional study analyzed anthropometric data, blood pressure, cardiometabolic traits, and SUA levels of 248 children with normal weight (NW) and 255 with obesity (OB). sTAC was measured with the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. sTAC was directly related to SUA (β = 0.905 ± 0.358, p = 0.012). Obesity was positively associated with sTAC (β = 0.075 ± 0.020, p < 0.001) and SUA (β = 0.706 ± 0.129, p < 0.001). sTAC was negatively associated with diastolic blood pressure (β = -8.458 ± 3.758, p = 0.026) in NW children and positively associated with insulin (β = 9.511 ± 3.107, p = 0.002) and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (β = 2.065 ± 0.680, p = 0.003) in OB children. SUA showed negative associations with total cholesterol (β = -4.062 ± 1.340, p = 0.003) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (β = -2.470 ± 1.190, p = 0.039) in NW children and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (β = -1.306 ± 0.409, p < 0.01) in OB children. sTAC and SUA are positively associated and are increased in obesity. According to weight status, sTAC and SUA are associated with blood pressure, insulin resistance markers, and lipid profile.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"80 1","pages":"73-78"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144717750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-26DOI: 10.1038/s41430-025-01639-5
Saskia Akyil, Stefanie Winkler, Dorothy Meyer, Eva Kiesswetter, Martin Kussmann, Lukas Schwingshackl, Hans Hauner
Food-based dietary guidelines acknowledge non-fortified dairy foods as a source of multiple essential vitamins and minerals as well as high-quality protein. Considering the cultural significance of dairy foods in our diet and the increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases, it is essential to continuously evaluate the entirety of data regarding the impact of dairy consumption on various health-related outcomes. A systematic literature search was performed in three databases: Medline, Embase, and Web of Science. Systematic reviews published between January 2014 and February 2024 based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs), prospective cohort studies, case-control studies, and/or cross-sectional studies in adults, focusing on the consumption of bovine dairy products were evaluated for inclusion. Reports from the World Cancer Research Fund on selected cancer outcomes were also included in this review. We identified 95 reports encompassing five dairy exposure categories on 29 different health outcomes. Out of 281 associations identified, 37.7% linked dairy consumption to a reduced risk, while 48.0% showed no association with disease risk. Inconclusive results were found in 10.0% of the associations, and 4.3% indicated an increased risk of adverse health outcomes. Overall, the evidence suggests that consuming dairy is not associated with an increased risk of non-communicable diseases or mortality. In fact, it may moderately reduce the risk of several health outcomes, including adverse cardiovascular outcomes and certain cancers such as bladder, breast, colorectal, liver, oral, and ovarian. Some studies have also linked dairy consumption to improved body composition, lower rates of type 2 diabetes, and better bone health.
以食物为基础的膳食指南承认，非强化乳制品是多种必需维生素和矿物质以及高质量蛋白质的来源。考虑到乳制品在我们饮食中的文化意义以及非传染性疾病的日益流行，有必要持续评估有关乳制品消费对各种健康相关结果影响的全部数据。在三个数据库中进行了系统的文献检索：Medline、Embase和Web of Science。2014年1月至2024年2月间发表的基于随机对照试验（rct）、前瞻性队列研究、病例对照研究和/或成人横断面研究的系统评价，重点是牛乳制品的消费。世界癌症研究基金会关于某些癌症结果的报告也包括在本综述中。我们确定了95份报告，其中包括5种乳制品暴露类别，涉及29种不同的健康结果。在确定的281个关联中，37.7%将乳制品消费与风险降低联系起来，而48.0%显示与疾病风险无关。在10.0%的关联中发现了不确定的结果，4.3%表明不良健康结果的风险增加。总的来说，有证据表明，食用乳制品与非传染性疾病或死亡率的风险增加无关。事实上，它可以适度降低几种健康结果的风险，包括不良心血管结果和某些癌症，如膀胱癌、乳腺癌、结肠直肠癌、肝癌、口腔癌和卵巢癌。一些研究还将乳制品与改善身体成分、降低2型糖尿病发病率和改善骨骼健康联系起来。
{"title":"Association between dairy intake and multiple health outcomes: a scoping review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses","authors":"Saskia Akyil, Stefanie Winkler, Dorothy Meyer, Eva Kiesswetter, Martin Kussmann, Lukas Schwingshackl, Hans Hauner","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01639-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-025-01639-5","url":null,"abstract":"Food-based dietary guidelines acknowledge non-fortified dairy foods as a source of multiple essential vitamins and minerals as well as high-quality protein. Considering the cultural significance of dairy foods in our diet and the increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases, it is essential to continuously evaluate the entirety of data regarding the impact of dairy consumption on various health-related outcomes. A systematic literature search was performed in three databases: Medline, Embase, and Web of Science. Systematic reviews published between January 2014 and February 2024 based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs), prospective cohort studies, case-control studies, and/or cross-sectional studies in adults, focusing on the consumption of bovine dairy products were evaluated for inclusion. Reports from the World Cancer Research Fund on selected cancer outcomes were also included in this review. We identified 95 reports encompassing five dairy exposure categories on 29 different health outcomes. Out of 281 associations identified, 37.7% linked dairy consumption to a reduced risk, while 48.0% showed no association with disease risk. Inconclusive results were found in 10.0% of the associations, and 4.3% indicated an increased risk of adverse health outcomes. Overall, the evidence suggests that consuming dairy is not associated with an increased risk of non-communicable diseases or mortality. In fact, it may moderately reduce the risk of several health outcomes, including adverse cardiovascular outcomes and certain cancers such as bladder, breast, colorectal, liver, oral, and ovarian. Some studies have also linked dairy consumption to improved body composition, lower rates of type 2 diabetes, and better bone health.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"80 1","pages":"16-27"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-025-01639-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144717749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-24DOI: 10.1038/s41430-025-01650-w
Tonghui Shen, Alice E. Thackray, Jack A. Sargeant, Thomas Yates, James A. King, Scott A. Willis, David J. Stensel
{"title":"Correction: The acute effects of moderate-intensity continuous or high-intensity interval exercise on appetite and appetite-related hormones in South Asian and white European adults with non-diabetic hyperglycaemia","authors":"Tonghui Shen, Alice E. Thackray, Jack A. Sargeant, Thomas Yates, James A. King, Scott A. Willis, David J. Stensel","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01650-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-025-01650-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"79 12","pages":"1245-1245"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-025-01650-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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