European journal of paediatric dentistry最新文献

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the caries activity (CA) and its caries status in children aged 3-5 years in Zhao County, Hebei province, China and to explore the related factors.

Methods: Cariostat caries activity test and oral examination were performed on children aged 3-5 years old in Zhao county, Hebei province by a stratified sampling. A questionnaire survey was used to analyze the CA-related factors and the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was to evaluate the diagnostic value of Cariostat caries activity test in children with early childhood caries (ECC).

Conclusion: The caries status among preschool children in Zhao county of Hebei province was serious. The higher the mean dmft of children, the greater the CA value. Mother's educational level and children's diet and lifestyle habits were closely related to CA. The Cariostat caries activity test has good efficacy in diagnosing ECC with high sensitivity and specificity.

Background: Infraocclusion refers to a tooth located below the occlusal surface compared to adjacent teeth long after it should have reached occlusion. Ankylosis is frequently associated with the infraocclusion of primary molars, but it is challenging to distinguish between the two conditions. Surgical luxation and orthodontic traction have been applied for the treatment of ankylosed, infraoccluded permanent teeth, but reports on primary molars are scarce.

Case report: A 5-year-old boy presented with a severely infraoccluded primary mandibular second molar with deep caries. A partial pulpotomy was performed to treat the affected tooth when the pulp was exposed after caries removal. A combination of surgical luxation and orthodontic tractionwas performed for the affected tooth, and after 5 months, the tooth successfully erupted to the occlusal level. During the follow-up period of two years, no complications were observed.

Conclusion: This report identified that surgical luxation, in conjunction with orthodontic traction, is effective and feasible for severely infraoccluded primary teeth. Additionally, partial pulpotomy may be an alternative for vital pulp therapy on primary teeth.

Aim: The aim of this research is examining the effectiveness of Virtual Reality (VR) in the reduction of dental anxiety in children with novel methods.

Methods: The three arm parallel-group randomised clinical study was conducted in children aged 6-10 years. Pulpotomy procedure was performed on randomised 90 selected children (n=30 in each group; AG: group applied active distraction using VR glasses, PG: group applied passive distraction, i.e., watching cartoons on a screen mounted onto a dental unit, CG: control group). Before and after the procedure, children were administered Facial Pain Scale (FIS), Children's Fear Rating Scale (CFSS-DS) and Frankl Behaviour Rating Scale (FBRS). The pulse rate was measured to check the anxiety levels of all treated children at five different time points. Statistical significance was determined as p<0.05.

Conclusion: VR has been found to positively contribute to the performance of children in adapting to dental treatment. The VR application aims to create positive attitude in children by providing them a safe atmosphere and becoming a useful tool in the dental profession.

Background: Odontomas are the most common odontogenic tumours, often considered hamartomas rather than true neoplasms. These mixed tumours consist of fully differentiated dental tissues, including enamel, dentin, cementum, and pulp. Odontomas can be classified into compound and complex types. While typically asymptomatic, they are often discovered during routine radiographic examinations for delayed tooth eruption. The management of odontomas generally involves surgical removal, which is effective in resolving associated dental impactions.

Case report: We present the case of a healthy 4-year-old child who presented with the absence of the lower left deciduous canine (tooth 7.3) in the dental arch. Radiographic examination revealed multiple radiopaque masses indicative of a compound odontoma associated with the unerupted deciduous canine. Following detailed imaging and surgical planning, the odontoma was successfully enucleated under conscious sedation with nitrous oxide. The surgical procedure was performed without extracting the retained canine. Post-operative follow-up at two weeks showed excellent healing, and at seven months, partial eruption of the canine was observed, confirming the odontoma's role in impeding its eruption.

Conclusion: This case underscores the importance of early diagnosis and management of odontomas to prevent potential impaction of associated teeth. The successful surgical removal of the odontoma facilitated the spontaneous eruption of the lower left deciduous canine, highlighting the effectiveness of early intervention. Conscious sedation with nitrous oxide proved to be a valuable tool in managing the young patient, ensuring cooperation and comfort during the procedure. Early identification and treatment of odontomas are crucial for promoting normal dental development and preventing future malocclusions.

Aim: To examine the impact of medication on asthma treatment and the occurrence of caries cavities in children aged 3 to 15 years old (Luz Hospital in Lisbon, Portugal). The frequency of caries cavities in 3 different groups was examined. In addition, the possible association of caries cavities with different asthmatic medication was also assessed.

Background: Asthma and caries cavities affect many children worldwide. Investigating the connection between asthma medication and the development of caries cavities is important for enhancing asthma treatment while reducing oral health risks. Exploring the relationship between asthma medication and caries cavities is compelling due to the limited number of conclusive studies on the subject.

Materials: A descriptive observational study was conducted on children aged 3 to 15 years old, who attended the immunology-allergology and dentistry services at the Luz Hospital in Lisbon, Portugal. between January 2021 and February 2022. The sample was divided into 3 groups (medicated asthmatics, unmedicated asthmatics, and healthy children without asthma). An intraoral examination was performed to collect the DMFT index (decayed, missing, and filled teeth) to assess the presence of caries cavities. Clinical and dietary data were supplemented with a questionnaire and medical history in all groups. All variables used were qualitative and described using absolute frequencies and percentages.

Conclusion: These results showed that anti-asthmatic medications may influence the development of caries cavities. The occurrence of caries cavities is more prominent in medicated asthmatic children when compared to unmedicated asthmatic children.

Aim: This systematic review aimed to evaluate, by means of statistical comparison between selected studies, the effectiveness of laser irradiation on dental erosion applied alone or in combination with anti-erosive agents (fluoride, Acidulated phosphate fluoride APF and CPP-amorphous calcium fluoride phosphate CPP-ACFP), through optical profilometry and microhardness measurement.

Methods: The searching strategy was conducted according to the International PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, to answer research ques-tions regarding the effectiveness of lasers used in the context of dental erosion (such as Nd:YAG, CO2, Er:YAG, Er,Cr:YSGG, Diode, and Argon Ion lasers). A comprehensive and unrestricted sys-tematic searching was performed using the electronic databases of PubMed and Cochrane Library, for all articles published up to the end of January 2023. The review record was registered by the International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) under the identification number CRD408639.

Conclusion: Change in microhardness for the lasers group, irrespective of the type of laser used in the sample, was significantly greater compared with the one in the control group. Regards microhardness, the combination of Laser and APF gel showed promising results compared to APF gel agent.

Background: The present study was designed to evaluate the enlargement of the nasal bone as side effect when a treatment with a Haas rapid maxillary expander is performed in early mixed dentition.

Methods: The CBCT imaging of 36 children (mean age 8,4; SD,1,5) were retrospectively selected and then traced in order to evaluate the change in the nasal bone (primary outcome) and in the maxilla (secondary outcome). Five distances and one angle were measured: upper and lower nasal bone width (UNBw and LNBw) as well as its inclination (NBi), and the maxillary bone at the level of infraorbital foramen (IOFw), the nasolacrimal duct (NLDd), and greater palatine foramina (PFd). The sample was divided in a treatment group (26 subjects; 14 males; 12 females; mean age 8,0; SD 0,9), comprising children who underwent to a rapid maxillary expansion, and a control group (10 subjects; 7 males; 3 females; mean age 9,3; SD 2,3) including untreated children homogeneous for dental age to the treated subjects. Measurements were performed at baseline or before the treatment (T0), and after 2 years (T1).

Conclusion: The transversal modification induced with a rapid maxillary expansion was limited to the maxilla without involving the nasal bones when the treatment was performed in early mixed dentition. The changes recorded in the nasal bones seem to be the same of what happens during normal growth.

Aim: To show the potential of Invisalign in multi-segmental Le Fort I preparation with the aid of an occlusogram-like method.

Methods: Nine patients treated with Invisalign before segmental osteotomy of the maxilla (study sample) were matched for diagnosis, surgical procedure, and complexity of orthodontic preparation with nine patients treated with fixed appliances (control sample). A superimposition technique was adapted to complement the Invisalign software to carry out an appropriate ClinCheck in segmental pre-surgical treatments. The correct pre-surgical positions of the maxillary teeth were guided with the use of virtual added curves that followed the lower arch. The number of impressions needed in both groups to reach adequate pre-surgical coordination of the segmented arches was compared.

Conclusion: With the aid of the proposed superimposition method, during the digital simulation of presurgical movements, clear aligner therapy appears to be an effective treatment even in patients with skeletal discrepancies and craniofacial anomalies involving the need for segmental Le Fort I osteotomies. More sophisticated software will certainly be implemented in the future.

Aim: Dental caries is a common oral disease in children with special needs such as those with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). The aim is to assess whether the type and survival of three caries management, conventional resin restorations (CR), ART technique (ART) and SDF application without caries removal (SDF), in primary teeth carried out at the Pediatric Dentistry Department of San Paolo Hospital (University of Milan) differed between children with ASDs and unaffected peers.

Methods: Data from a convenience sample of children with and without ASDs, who have received dental care for caries in primary teeth from January 2019 to June 2022, were analysed. Medical history, age, sex, teeth treated, and type of treatment were collected from dental charts. Data on success and minor and major failures of each treatment were also collected. Two survival analysis were performed, one considering both major and minor failures, a second considering only major failures. Cox Proportional Hazards multivariate logistic models were run to assess factors associated with failures. The statistical significance was set at 5% (p< 0.05).

Conclusion: In children with autism, the different techniques for approaching caries lesions seem to have the same probability of success. Therefore, the choice of treatment should be patient-oriented rather than lesion-oriented. In unaffected children, the gold standard always seems to be traditional restorative treatment.

Background: Primary headaches (PH) are a group of disorders greatly impairing quality of life, highly prevalent in growing population. Previous studies suggested a rhinogenic involvement in PH episodes. Modifications of nasal cavities and septum take place during rapid maxillary expansion (RME). This study aims to investigate the role of skeletal modifications due to RME on PH episodes.

Methods: Sixty-eight growing patients (30/38 MF 7-12 y.o 9.2 ± 1.3 SD) were enrolled. All the selected sample patients reported at least 12 PH episodes in the previous year and were diagnosed with maxillary constriction to be treated with RME. Changes in PH episodes before and after this orthodontic procedure were analysed using paired t-tests. Correlations between age and PH episodes were assessed using Spearman correlation coefficients. Correlations between cephalometric changes and PH episodes were investigated using paired t-tests.

Conclusion: RME produces significant modifications in maxillary and nasal width and lower nasal length and decreased monthly episodes of PH significantly. It can be supposed and inferred that RME has beneficial effects on PH in growing patients.