European journal of paediatric dentistry最新文献

Aim: To estimate the prevalence of early childhood caries and to study a possible influence on different ethnicities in preschool children aged 3 to 5 with social exclusion risk.

Background: Oral diseases are a major global public health problem, with negative effects at both individual and collective levels, and there is a relationship between socioeconomic characteristics such as income, occupation and educational level, with the prevalence and severity of oral diseases.

Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in a sample of 288 preschool children belonging to three schools in the Southeastern Spain among other variables dmft and ICDASS index.

Conclusion: The ethnicity of school children at risk of social exclusion is a determining factor in the increased prevalence of cavities in primary caries.

Aim: To determine the factors associated with behaviours, attitudes and knowledge of parents about children's toothbrushing (CTB).

Methods: This is a cross-sectional analytical study of a calculated sample of 3,534 parents/guardians (92.6% female; 7.4% male; average age = 34 years [29-37]) of schoolchildren aged 3 to 8 years in 19 public schools in the province of Callao (Peru). A 31-item face-to-face/virtual questionnaire was divided into: 5 behavioural (18 (IQR)=3]; good 76%), 5 attitudes (13 [IQR=4]; negative 74.2%) and 10 knowledge (12 [IQR=4]; low 92.8%) (KMO≥0.537, Bartlett<0,001) and reliability (ω≥0.537) and 11 demographic domains. Bivariate and multivariate linear Poisson models were used with a P<0.05.

Conclusion: Children of parents with a higher education showed good behaviours related to CTB. Negative parental attitudes and low knowledge about CTB were associated with a lower parental education and toothbrushing frequency.

Aim: The present systematic review and meta-analysis (Prospero registration number: CRD42023472016) aims to assess the prevalence of developmental defects of enamel (DDEs), qualitatively and/or quantitatively, in childhood cancer survivors (CCS) and evaluate, when possible, these data in comparison with those found in healthy children.

Methods: Three electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus) were searched from January 2003 to January 2024 for studies reporting on DDEs in children with a mean age not exceeding 16 years at the time of the study who underwent antineoplastic therapy. The ROBINS-I and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tools were used to assess the risk of bias. Included studies with comparable outcomes underwent random effects models meta-analysis using Stata®18.

Conclusion: CCS showed a higher prevalence of DDEs, both qualitative and quantitative, compared to healthy children. The meta- analysis showed higher odds of developing qualitative defects over quantitative defects in CCS. Conclusions regarding the association between the type of therapy administered, age of therapy initiation, and prevalence of DDEs could not be drawn due to insufficient data. A lack of a standardized method of detecting enamel defects posed a challenge in the qualitative and quantitative analysis.

Aim: Dental wear is one of the most common causes of dental tissue deterioration and loss, especially in the posterior sectors restoration where the masticatory loads are higher. The tribology of dental materials is of great importance in the choice of restorative materials, especially in paediatric dentistry. Activa BioActive-Restorative (Pulpdent Corporation, Watertown, USA) is a recent bioactive ionic resin created with the aim of combining the mechanical and physical properties of composite materials with the chemical and biological advantages of glass ionomer cements. The aim of the present study was to test the wear resistance of Activa Bioactive Restorative in vitro by comparing it with two other bioactive materials, a compomer (Dyract eXtra, Dentsply Sirona, USA) and a giomer (Beautifil II LS, Shofu Dental Corporation, Japan).

Materials: Wear tests carried out on three bioactive materials were performed using the CSM Tribometer. Wear was evaluated using 3D topographies from which the wear volumes were contextually obtained. Finally, a gravimetric investigation was performed to evaluate the loss of mass suffered by the three bioactive materials following the wear test.

Conclusion: Activa Bioactive Restorative can be considered satisfactory in terms of wear resistance compared to the other materials. It could also be suggested for use in paediatric patients for its ease and speed of application, biocompatibility, safety and durability of the restoration.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the dental caries status in deciduous dentition and associated risk factors in kindergarten children in Prishtina, the capital of Kosovo.

Materials: A cross-sectional study was performed among 655 kindergarten children aged 3-6 years from Prishtina. Dental health status was assessed using the World Health Organization (WHO) caries diagnostic criteria for decayed, extracted and filled surfaces of the teeth (defs index) in the deciduous dentition. At the same time, a questionnaire was completed with the children's parents/guardians to identify potential risk factors associated with deciduous dental caries. Statistical analysis was performed using frequencies, means, and chi-square test.

Conclusion: The deciduous dental caries status of kindergarten children in Prishtina remains serious problem. Regular dental check-ups, accompanied by oral health education through regular tooth brushing, and dental visits are recommended for all kindergarten children and the children's parents/guardians.

Aim: The aim of the study was a narrative review of scientific literature about enamel defects such dental hypoplasia and pre-eruptive hypomineralisation. A preview detailed description about enamel formation during its secretion and maturation stages was conducted.

Methods: Databases such PubMed, Embase, Scopus, ResearchGate and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were used for the papers research used for that narrative review.

Conclusion: Enamel pre-eruptive defects are not similar each to the others and have a different biological formation mechanism during the secretion or maturation stage of enamel that occurs during the first months of life. These defects are different not only in the formation process but also in clinical appearance, clinical treatment and prognosis. Not fully clear are the aetiology factors and pathogenesis mechanism at the base of pre-eruptive enamel defects. Some validated hypothesis has a scientific and rationale support to explain the enamel pre-eruptive defect.

Background: Eruption failure in the mixed dentition presents many challenges, but eruption disorders in a child patient offer solutions that are not possible in adult patients. The opportunity to remedy the occlusal outcomes for eruption problems in the mixed dentition depends on the type of problem; we consider three major categories of eruption problems and corresponding management strategies. The distinction between a mechanical failure of eruption (MFE), ankylosis of a single tooth, or Primary Failure of Eruption (PFE) due to a genetic defect that alters dental eruption is key to the potential intervention. The therapeutic solutions proposed in the literature differ greatly for the three clinical scenarios. In MFE, orthodontic therapy can be successful if the obstacle to eruption is identified early. For cases of ankylosis, the affected tooth can be extracted, and the space closed orthodontically if timed appropriately. A diagnosis of PFE, however, carries a certain poor prognosis with a continuous arch wire; orthodontic forces will result in the intrusion of adjacent teeth.

Case report: We evaluated the clinical outcomes of three patients presenting with eruption failure of the permanent first molar(s) due to: 1) ankylosis; 2) MFE; and 3) PFE. Taken together, these cases provide indications for treatment possibilities supporting the growing patient.

Conclusion: Early treatment of ankylosis can yield positive results, but the possibility of failure must be considered and, therefore, monitored carefully. For MFE, the timing of intervention should align with patients in the late mixed dentition. Finally, a diagnosis of PFE carries the certainty that affected teeth cannot be moved orthodontically; the resultant dentoskeletal development may however benefit from a functional orthopaedic appliance to prevent asymmetric growth.

Background: The prevalence of dental pain is relatively high across the global population, primarily attributable to dental caries. School-age children and adolescents with caries, particularly those with caregivers from lower socioeconomic backgrounds, are more likely to experience dental pain. In very young children, pain modulation is not yet fully developed; thus, inadequate pain management may cause pain memory formation which can lead to altered pain responses later in life.

Materials: This review aims to provide an overview of the management of dental pain in children with pulpitis. To achieve this goal, a search was conducted in PubMed using relevant keywords. The literature investigation focused on the pharmacological management of paediatric pulpitis, including the treatment of associated complications.

Conclusion: Dental pain represents a significant public health concern. Pain due to endodontic emergency is different in younger children and should to be assessed with the use of an appropriate scales and treated with NSAID and/or acetoaminophen. The combination of ibuprofen and acetaminophen at fixed doses appears to be a viable option for dental pain treatment, although further randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are needed for confirmation. Antibiotics should only be used in cases involving local and/or systemic infectious complications. Opioids are not recommended for managing dental pain. Antibiotic prophylaxis is necessary only in selected cases and should not overshadow primary prevention, which remains the only true option for reducing the development of dental complications. Antibiotic Stewardship Programs (ASPs) could play a significant role in reducing inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions.

Aim: This present study has two primary objectives: firstly, to compare the effectiveness of an electric toothbrush versus a manual toothbrush in biofilm removal; secondarily, to assess the effectiveness of individualised instructions provided by the operator.

Materials: Fifty-five paediatric patients were enrolled in the study. Data collection involved three main steps: 1) Pre-brushing PCR index collection; 2) Post-brushing PCR index collection; 3) Post-brushing PCR index collection after providing individual instructions. The tooth surfaces were colored with a liquid plaque detector. To assess whether there was a statistically significant difference in plaque values before and after brushing, a Wilcoxon signed-rank test was conducted. The Wilcoxon test with continuity correction was performed to compare the two brushing methods.

Conclusion: It is possible to confirm a correlation between instructions provided by the operator and lower plaque index. As regards the comparison between manual and electric toothbrush, in our study one tool did not emerge as more effective than the other.

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness and accuracy of artificial intelligence (AI) by automating tooth segmentation in CBCT volumes of paediatric patients with mixed dentition, using nnU-Netv2 algorithm.

Background: Identifying and numbering teeth, the initial step in treatment planning, demands an efficient method.

Conclusion: AI models offer a promising approach in the mixed dentition period and play a valuable role in dentists' planning in terms of time and effort.