H. Fukuyama, M. Ohtsuka, R. Sawada, Haruki Nakashima, Y. Ohishi, N. Hirao, M. Takata, K. Yoshimi
Abstract In situ ultrahigh-temperature XRD measurement of a MoSiBTiC alloy was carried out using a laser-heated diamond anvil cell and synchrotron radiation. This technique revealed the complicated dynamic behavior of phase transitions in the MoSiBTiC alloy on heating above 1950 °C. The MoSiBTiC alloy initially consisted of Mo solid solution (Moss), Mo5B2Si (T2), TiC, Mo2B, Mo3Si, and Mo2C phases. The Mo2B, Mo3Si, and Mo2C phases disappeared on heating at ~1647 °C. The Moss grains coarsened during heating and the Moss, TiC, and T2 phases were present >1950 °C. The obtained results verified the solidification pathway of the MoSiBTiC alloy.
{"title":"Dynamic Observation of MoSiBTiC Alloy Phase Transitions Using In Situ Ultrahigh-Temperature X-Ray Diffraction Measurement","authors":"H. Fukuyama, M. Ohtsuka, R. Sawada, Haruki Nakashima, Y. Ohishi, N. Hirao, M. Takata, K. Yoshimi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3628003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3628003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In situ ultrahigh-temperature XRD measurement of a MoSiBTiC alloy was carried out using a laser-heated diamond anvil cell and synchrotron radiation. This technique revealed the complicated dynamic behavior of phase transitions in the MoSiBTiC alloy on heating above 1950 °C. The MoSiBTiC alloy initially consisted of Mo solid solution (Moss), Mo5B2Si (T2), TiC, Mo2B, Mo3Si, and Mo2C phases. The Mo2B, Mo3Si, and Mo2C phases disappeared on heating at ~1647 °C. The Moss grains coarsened during heating and the Moss, TiC, and T2 phases were present >1950 °C. The obtained results verified the solidification pathway of the MoSiBTiC alloy.","PeriodicalId":11974,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Engineering Design Process (Topic)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77215614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Bai, S.J. Zheng, Y. Wang, J. Pan, J. Yao, Y. Li
Abstract The crystallization behavior of Au50Cu25.5Ag7.5Si17 metallic glass after isothermal treatment at different temperatures throughout the entire supercooled liquid region is investigated by ultra-fast calorimetry. The isothermal crystallization products of the glass, especially in the relatively high temperature region, where was difficult to reach via conventional techniques, are identified. Based on the microscopic analysis of the crystallization products, the crystallization mechanisms of the glass at different temperatures are clarified. The grain size evolution of the crystalline phases upon isothermal treatment are discussed through the comparison of the theoretical calculation and experimental results.
{"title":"Crystallization Behavior of an Au Based Metallic Glass at High Temperature","authors":"F. Bai, S.J. Zheng, Y. Wang, J. Pan, J. Yao, Y. Li","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3507455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3507455","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The crystallization behavior of Au50Cu25.5Ag7.5Si17 metallic glass after isothermal treatment at different temperatures throughout the entire supercooled liquid region is investigated by ultra-fast calorimetry. The isothermal crystallization products of the glass, especially in the relatively high temperature region, where was difficult to reach via conventional techniques, are identified. Based on the microscopic analysis of the crystallization products, the crystallization mechanisms of the glass at different temperatures are clarified. The grain size evolution of the crystalline phases upon isothermal treatment are discussed through the comparison of the theoretical calculation and experimental results.","PeriodicalId":11974,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Engineering Design Process (Topic)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81298903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-31DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2020.210043
O. Papeikin, O. Safronov, L. Bodachivska, I. Venger
The possibility of using the wastes of the oil and fat industry – phosphatide concentrates as components of lubricating materials was demonstrated in this paper. At the first stage, amidation of phosphatide concentrate from the purification of rapeseed oil by ethylene diamine was carried out using two procedures: without a catalyst and with the use of reagent-catalyst CaO. The samples of urea greases were subsequently synthesized by interaction of amidated phosphatide concentrates with polyisocyanate in the oil media. Aminoamides of fatty acids with polyisocyanate form urea dispersion phase of thixotropic systems, and glycerolphosphatides and calcium glycerolrophosphatides perform the function of tribological additives. The method of infrared spectroscopy proved that the full interaction between polyisocyanate and amidated phosphatide concentrate takes place at the molar ratio of 1:3. Physicochemical properties of the developed urea greases were studied and comparative analysis of their quality indicators with the Maspol brand lubricant was performed. The synthesized urea greases are characterized by high mechanical (a change in penetrations after moving of 100,000 double cycles of 42–45 mm·10 -1 ), colloidal stability (5.2–5.6 % of extracted oil) and high-temperature properties (dropping point above 230 °C). In addition, these thixotropic systems are resistant to oxidation, do not cause corrosion of non-ferrous metals, and are able to operate in contact with water. Phosphorous residues improve the lubricating properties of synthesized compositions without any additional introduction of tribological modifiers (critical load is 980–1,039 N, welding load – 1,568–1,744 N). Due to the use of raw materials of plant origin in the composition of lubricating compositions, their biodegradation is enhanced by 6–7 %
{"title":"Synthesis and Properties of Urea Greases Based on Aminoamides of Plant Oil Phosphatides","authors":"O. Papeikin, O. Safronov, L. Bodachivska, I. Venger","doi":"10.15587/1729-4061.2020.210043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2020.210043","url":null,"abstract":"The possibility of using the wastes of the oil and fat industry – phosphatide concentrates as components of lubricating materials was demonstrated in this paper. At the first stage, amidation of phosphatide concentrate from the purification of rapeseed oil by ethylene diamine was carried out using two procedures: without a catalyst and with the use of reagent-catalyst CaO. The samples of urea greases were subsequently synthesized by interaction of amidated phosphatide concentrates with polyisocyanate in the oil media. Aminoamides of fatty acids with polyisocyanate form urea dispersion phase of thixotropic systems, and glycerolphosphatides and calcium glycerolrophosphatides perform the function of tribological additives. The method of infrared spectroscopy proved that the full interaction between polyisocyanate and amidated phosphatide concentrate takes place at the molar ratio of 1:3. Physicochemical properties of the developed urea greases were studied and comparative analysis of their quality indicators with the Maspol brand lubricant was performed. The synthesized urea greases are characterized by high mechanical (a change in penetrations after moving of 100,000 double cycles of 42–45 mm·10 -1 ), colloidal stability (5.2–5.6 % of extracted oil) and high-temperature properties (dropping point above 230 °C). In addition, these thixotropic systems are resistant to oxidation, do not cause corrosion of non-ferrous metals, and are able to operate in contact with water. Phosphorous residues improve the lubricating properties of synthesized compositions without any additional introduction of tribological modifiers (critical load is 980–1,039 N, welding load – 1,568–1,744 N). Due to the use of raw materials of plant origin in the composition of lubricating compositions, their biodegradation is enhanced by 6–7 %","PeriodicalId":11974,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Engineering Design Process (Topic)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84500531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-31DOI: 10.5121/ijcnc.2020.12404
M. Hieu
The article proposes two different designs for the new block cipher algorithm of 128-bit block size and key lengths of 128-bit or 192-bit or 256-bit. The basic cipher round is designed in a parallel model to help improve the encryption/decryption speed. The differences of this design compared to the previous one developed on Switchable Data Dependent Operations (SDDOs) lies in the hybrid of the controlled elements (CEs) in the structure. Each design has a specific strength that makes the selection more compatible with the objectives of each particular application. The designs all meet the high security standards and possess the ability to fight off the attacks currently known. The designs match the limited environment of the wireless network by integrating effectively when implemented on Field-programmable gate array (FPGA) with both iterative and pipeline architectures for high effective integration.
{"title":"Hybrid Model in the Block Cipher Applications for High-Speed Communications Networks","authors":"M. Hieu","doi":"10.5121/ijcnc.2020.12404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5121/ijcnc.2020.12404","url":null,"abstract":"The article proposes two different designs for the new block cipher algorithm of 128-bit block size and key lengths of 128-bit or 192-bit or 256-bit. The basic cipher round is designed in a parallel model to help improve the encryption/decryption speed. The differences of this design compared to the previous one developed on Switchable Data Dependent Operations (SDDOs) lies in the hybrid of the controlled elements (CEs) in the structure. Each design has a specific strength that makes the selection more compatible with the objectives of each particular application. The designs all meet the high security standards and possess the ability to fight off the attacks currently known. The designs match the limited environment of the wireless network by integrating effectively when implemented on Field-programmable gate array (FPGA) with both iterative and pipeline architectures for high effective integration.","PeriodicalId":11974,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Engineering Design Process (Topic)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87728497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the most challenging and non-trivial tasks in robotics-based rescue operations is Hazardous Materials or HAZMATs sign detection within the operation field, in order to prevent other unexpected disasters. Each Hazmat sign has a specific meaning that the rescue robot should detect and interpret it to take a safe action, accordingly. Accurate Hazmat detection and real-time processing are the two most important factors in such robotics applications. Furthermore, we also have to cope with some secondary challengers such as image distortion problems and restricted CPU and computational resources which are embedded in a rescue robot. In this paper, we propose a CNN-Based pipeline called DeepHAZMAT for detecting and segmenting Hazmats in four steps; 1) optimising the number of input images that are fed into the CNN network, 2) using the YOLOv3-tiny structure to collect the required visual information from the hazardous areas, 3) Hazmat sign segmentation and separation from the background using GrabCut technique, and 4) post-processing the result with morphological operators and convex hall algorithm. In spite of the utilisation of a very limited memory and CPU resources, the experimental results show the proposed method has successfully maintained a better performance in terms of detection-speed and detection-accuracy, compared with the state-of-the-art methods.
{"title":"DeepHAZMAT: Hazardous Materials Sign Detection and Segmentation with Restricted Computational Resources","authors":"Amir Sharifi, Ahmadreza Zibaei, Mahdi Rezaei","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3649600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3649600","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most challenging and non-trivial tasks in robotics-based rescue operations is Hazardous Materials or HAZMATs sign detection within the operation field, in order to prevent other unexpected disasters. Each Hazmat sign has a specific meaning that the rescue robot should detect and interpret it to take a safe action, accordingly. Accurate Hazmat detection and real-time processing are the two most important factors in such robotics applications. Furthermore, we also have to cope with some secondary challengers such as image distortion problems and restricted CPU and computational resources which are embedded in a rescue robot. In this paper, we propose a CNN-Based pipeline called DeepHAZMAT for detecting and segmenting Hazmats in four steps; 1) optimising the number of input images that are fed into the CNN network, 2) using the YOLOv3-tiny structure to collect the required visual information from the hazardous areas, 3) Hazmat sign segmentation and separation from the background using GrabCut technique, and 4) post-processing the result with morphological operators and convex hall algorithm. In spite of the utilisation of a very limited memory and CPU resources, the experimental results show the proposed method has successfully maintained a better performance in terms of detection-speed and detection-accuracy, compared with the state-of-the-art methods.","PeriodicalId":11974,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Engineering Design Process (Topic)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79427489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Optimizing two conflicting properties such as mechanical strength and toughness or dielectric constant and breakdown strength of a material has always been a challenge. Here we propose a machine learning approach to dramatically enhancing the combined ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and electric conductivity (EC) of alloys by identifying a set of key features through correlation screening, recursive elimination and exhaustive screening of existing datasets. We demonstrate that the key features responsible for solid solution strengthened conductive Copper alloys are absolute electronegativity, core electron distance, and atomic radius, based on which, we discovered a series of new alloying elements that can significantly improve the combined UTS and EC. The predictions are then validated by experimentally fabricating four new Cu-In alloys which could potentially replace the more expensive Cu-Ag alloys currently used in railway wiring. We show that the same set of key features can be generally applicable to designing a broad range of conductive alloys.
{"title":"Dramatically Enhanced Combination of Ultimate Tensile Strength and Electric Conductivity of Alloys via Machine Learning Screening","authors":"Hongtao Zhang, Huadong Fu, Xingqun He, Changsheng Wang, Lei Jiang, Long-Qing Chen, Jian-Xin Xie","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3646448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3646448","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Optimizing two conflicting properties such as mechanical strength and toughness or dielectric constant and breakdown strength of a material has always been a challenge. Here we propose a machine learning approach to dramatically enhancing the combined ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and electric conductivity (EC) of alloys by identifying a set of key features through correlation screening, recursive elimination and exhaustive screening of existing datasets. We demonstrate that the key features responsible for solid solution strengthened conductive Copper alloys are absolute electronegativity, core electron distance, and atomic radius, based on which, we discovered a series of new alloying elements that can significantly improve the combined UTS and EC. The predictions are then validated by experimentally fabricating four new Cu-In alloys which could potentially replace the more expensive Cu-Ag alloys currently used in railway wiring. We show that the same set of key features can be generally applicable to designing a broad range of conductive alloys.","PeriodicalId":11974,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Engineering Design Process (Topic)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78577151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shiyi Wen, Yong Du, Jing Tan, Yuling Liu, P. Zhou, Jianzhan Long, G. Kaptay
The method for describing the thermal conductivity of composite materials as a function of the grain size, temperature and composition remains undeveloped until now. Cemented carbide is one typical composite material. In order to remedy the current situation of understanding and facilitate designing cemented carbides with a desirable thermal conductivity, experiment and a newly developed physical model for assessing the thermal conductivity for WC-Co system were carried out in this work. The present physical model can produce results in good agreements with the 109 values of thermal conductivities for WC-Co system measured in the present work as well as from the literature. The good performance of the presently developed physical model indicates that it provides a reasonable way to evaluate the thermal conductivity for composite materials, which is also promising to be extended to multi-phase composite materials. By using this model, the thermal conductivity for pure WC was extrapolated for the first time, which lays a good foundation for studying the thermal conductivity of WC-based materials. Meanwhile, the thermal resistivities dependent on the temperature for the interfaces of WC/Co and WC/WC were also obtained by the present model for the first time. Moreover, several industrial WC-Co alloys as function of grain size and temperature were predicted by the physical model, which considerably contributes to designing cemented carbides with desirable thermal conductivities.
{"title":"A Novel Physical Model for Describing Thermal Conductivity of Composite Materials: Application to the Measured Values in a Two-Phase WC-Co System","authors":"Shiyi Wen, Yong Du, Jing Tan, Yuling Liu, P. Zhou, Jianzhan Long, G. Kaptay","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3632520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3632520","url":null,"abstract":"The method for describing the thermal conductivity of composite materials as a function of the grain size, temperature and composition remains undeveloped until now. Cemented carbide is one typical composite material. In order to remedy the current situation of understanding and facilitate designing cemented carbides with a desirable thermal conductivity, experiment and a newly developed physical model for assessing the thermal conductivity for WC-Co system were carried out in this work. The present physical model can produce results in good agreements with the 109 values of thermal conductivities for WC-Co system measured in the present work as well as from the literature. The good performance of the presently developed physical model indicates that it provides a reasonable way to evaluate the thermal conductivity for composite materials, which is also promising to be extended to multi-phase composite materials. By using this model, the thermal conductivity for pure WC was extrapolated for the first time, which lays a good foundation for studying the thermal conductivity of WC-based materials. Meanwhile, the thermal resistivities dependent on the temperature for the interfaces of WC/Co and WC/WC were also obtained by the present model for the first time. Moreover, several industrial WC-Co alloys as function of grain size and temperature were predicted by the physical model, which considerably contributes to designing cemented carbides with desirable thermal conductivities.","PeriodicalId":11974,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Engineering Design Process (Topic)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73586666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.15587/2706-5448.2020.204722
O. Paliukh, P. Kyrychok, R. Trishchuk, Maxym Korobka Maxym Korobka
The object of research is the processes for producing modified adhesive compositions based on PVA (polyvinyl acetate) dispersions for use in technological processes for the manufacture of semi-rigid book and magazine covers. The conducted experimental studies are based on the application of a comparative method for determining the tensile strength of glued, without bias, samples of binding materials using modified adhesive compositions and identical compositions without modification. The main assumption of the study is that the use of polymer thickeners and emulsifiers compatible with latex PVA, which are actively used in the technological processes of the paper and printing industries, contribute to the formation of additional strength of semi-rigid covers. This can be achieved without analysis and the selection of possible components, taking into account the mechanical properties that arise after the use of such modifiers that substantially depend on the adhesive strength between the material of the outer part of the cover and the adhesive binder. It is proposed for an experimental study of the use of substances with high adhesive properties to thick coated papers and thin binding boards, from which semi-rigid book and magazine covers are made. The structural features of adhesive films obtained from polyvinyl acetate latex were determined, which have improved flexibility, elasticity, high adhesion and water resistance when water-soluble modifiers are added to them. An experimental determination was made of the possibilities of increasing the structural strength of semi-rigid book and magazine covers after gluing with modified binding adhesives, which did not significantly increase the thickness of the adhesive layer and did not change the contour geometry of the manufactured covers. It was proved that the adhesive mixtures used to modify the PVA dispersion did not affect the structural homogeneity of the glued spatial structure of the semi-rigid covers, and did not affect the appearance of external defects in the form of plane inhomogeneity, or point thickenings of the surface of the covers. The results of studies on the gluing of structural parts of reamers of semi-rigid covers with modified adhesive compositions create additional opportunities in planning the use of consumables in the manufacture of covers for strength indicators, predefined dimensional conditions for the use of modifier substances. Experimental studies have shown discreteness – growth, decrease in dimensional indicators of the strength of semi-rigid covers glued with modified adhesive compositions, contributes to the practical application of the results, both in the planning of technological processes and in the calculation of the cost of book production.
{"title":"Research of Changes of Strength Indicators of Semi-Rigid Covers Glued by Modified Adhesive Compositions","authors":"O. Paliukh, P. Kyrychok, R. Trishchuk, Maxym Korobka Maxym Korobka","doi":"10.15587/2706-5448.2020.204722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2020.204722","url":null,"abstract":"The object of research is the processes for producing modified adhesive compositions based on PVA (polyvinyl acetate) dispersions for use in technological processes for the manufacture of semi-rigid book and magazine covers. The conducted experimental studies are based on the application of a comparative method for determining the tensile strength of glued, without bias, samples of binding materials using modified adhesive compositions and identical compositions without modification. The main assumption of the study is that the use of polymer thickeners and emulsifiers compatible with latex PVA, which are actively used in the technological processes of the paper and printing industries, contribute to the formation of additional strength of semi-rigid covers. This can be achieved without analysis and the selection of possible components, taking into account the mechanical properties that arise after the use of such modifiers that substantially depend on the adhesive strength between the material of the outer part of the cover and the adhesive binder. It is proposed for an experimental study of the use of substances with high adhesive properties to thick coated papers and thin binding boards, from which semi-rigid book and magazine covers are made. The structural features of adhesive films obtained from polyvinyl acetate latex were determined, which have improved flexibility, elasticity, high adhesion and water resistance when water-soluble modifiers are added to them. An experimental determination was made of the possibilities of increasing the structural strength of semi-rigid book and magazine covers after gluing with modified binding adhesives, which did not significantly increase the thickness of the adhesive layer and did not change the contour geometry of the manufactured covers. It was proved that the adhesive mixtures used to modify the PVA dispersion did not affect the structural homogeneity of the glued spatial structure of the semi-rigid covers, and did not affect the appearance of external defects in the form of plane inhomogeneity, or point thickenings of the surface of the covers. The results of studies on the gluing of structural parts of reamers of semi-rigid covers with modified adhesive compositions create additional opportunities in planning the use of consumables in the manufacture of covers for strength indicators, predefined dimensional conditions for the use of modifier substances. Experimental studies have shown discreteness – growth, decrease in dimensional indicators of the strength of semi-rigid covers glued with modified adhesive compositions, contributes to the practical application of the results, both in the planning of technological processes and in the calculation of the cost of book production.<br><br>","PeriodicalId":11974,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Engineering Design Process (Topic)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80275344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2020.205201
N. Bozhko, V. Pasichnyi, A. Marynin, V. Tischenko, Igor Strashynskyi, O. Kyselov
This paper reports a study of the fatty acid composition of a meat-containing semi-smoked sausage with Peking duck meat that established the biological effectiveness of the product's fat. The rosemary extract application efficiency has been investigated for the course of oxidation processes in a semi-smoked sausage with a high content of unsaturated fatty acids. The high content of the monounsaturated FA C18:1 ω-9 (oleic) has been determined experimentally, 40.37 g/100 g fat. The content of the PUFA ω-3 in a meat-containing semi-smoked sausage made from the meat of Peking duck is 1.22 g/100 g of fat, which satisfies the daily recommended need in essential FA by 27 %. The ratio between the families of the FA w-3/w-6 in the developed products is at least 1:11 at the recommended physiological norms of the perfect fat composition in a meat product of 1:10. The current study has confirmed the high antioxidant activity of rosemary extract and the effective inhibition of the process of lipid oxidation in meat-containing sausages. Introducing a rosemary extract in the amount of 0.02–0.06 % slows down the hydrolytic oxidation of minced meat lipids by 29.13–35.00 %, inhibits the peroxidation of lipids in the meat-containing semi-smoked sausage, thereby reducing the number of peroxides by almost five times. It has been confirmed that stabilizing the peroxidation of lipids in the meat-containing semi-smoked sausage made from Peking duck meat with a high concentration of unsaturated fatty acids should, as a consequence, reduce the concentration of secondary oxidation products. The number of aldehydes and ketones was least at the end of shelf-life of the finished products and was 0.38–0.80 mg MA/kg of the product, which is 2.54–3.94 times lower than that of control sample. The greatest stabilizing effect has been achieved when introducing a rosemary extract in the amount of 0.06 %, which makes it possible to reduce the indicators of oxidative spoilage of fat by more than twice.
{"title":"The Efficiency of Stabilizing the Oxidative Spoilage of Meat-Containing Products With a Balanced Fat-Acid Composition","authors":"N. Bozhko, V. Pasichnyi, A. Marynin, V. Tischenko, Igor Strashynskyi, O. Kyselov","doi":"10.15587/1729-4061.2020.205201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2020.205201","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports a study of the fatty acid composition of a meat-containing semi-smoked sausage with Peking duck meat that established the biological effectiveness of the product's fat. The rosemary extract application efficiency has been investigated for the course of oxidation processes in a semi-smoked sausage with a high content of unsaturated fatty acids. The high content of the monounsaturated FA C18:1 ω-9 (oleic) has been determined experimentally, 40.37 g/100 g fat. The content of the PUFA ω-3 in a meat-containing semi-smoked sausage made from the meat of Peking duck is 1.22 g/100 g of fat, which satisfies the daily recommended need in essential FA by 27 %. The ratio between the families of the FA w-3/w-6 in the developed products is at least 1:11 at the recommended physiological norms of the perfect fat composition in a meat product of 1:10. The current study has confirmed the high antioxidant activity of rosemary extract and the effective inhibition of the process of lipid oxidation in meat-containing sausages. Introducing a rosemary extract in the amount of 0.02–0.06 % slows down the hydrolytic oxidation of minced meat lipids by 29.13–35.00 %, inhibits the peroxidation of lipids in the meat-containing semi-smoked sausage, thereby reducing the number of peroxides by almost five times. It has been confirmed that stabilizing the peroxidation of lipids in the meat-containing semi-smoked sausage made from Peking duck meat with a high concentration of unsaturated fatty acids should, as a consequence, reduce the concentration of secondary oxidation products. The number of aldehydes and ketones was least at the end of shelf-life of the finished products and was 0.38–0.80 mg MA/kg of the product, which is 2.54–3.94 times lower than that of control sample. The greatest stabilizing effect has been achieved when introducing a rosemary extract in the amount of 0.06 %, which makes it possible to reduce the indicators of oxidative spoilage of fat by more than twice.","PeriodicalId":11974,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Engineering Design Process (Topic)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72588410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2020.203989
N. Hrudkina, L. Aliieva, Oleg Markov, D. Kartamyshev, S. Shevtsov, M. Kuznetsov
It has been proposed to use the developed triangular kinematic module 2a with a curvilinear sloping boundary as an axial one, making it possible to describe the character of metal flow in the reversal zone to radial extrusion. Based on the energy method, we have derived the magnitudes of deformation force power inside the built kinematic module 2a, the power of friction forces at the border of the contact between a blank and a tool, and the power of cut forces with adjacent kinematic modules. The result is the obtained analytical expression of the reduced pressure for the deformation of the axial triangular kinematic module 2a with a sloping boundary, whose shape depends on the parameter α. We have analyzed the possibilities of optimizing the reduced deformation pressure for the parameter α under different ratios of geometric parameters of the module and friction conditions. Taking into consideration the shape of the adjacent kinematic module 3a, it has been proposed to use the resulting reduced pressure dependences to calculate the power modes of the combined sequential radial-longitudinal extrusion processes with the developed radial component of metal flow. A comparative analysis has been performed of the estimation schemes EM-2a with the developed axial triangular kinematic module 2a and EM-2 with the use of the axial rectangular kinematic module 2 and experimental data from modeling the process of combined radial-direct extrusion with expansion. The data on a deformation effort derived from the EM-2a scheme (with the developed triangular module with a curvilinear boundary 2a) and EM-2 exceed those experimentally obtained by 12‒15 % and 15‒20 %, respectively. This confirms the rationality of using the developed axial kinematic module 2a with a curvilinear boundary instead of an axial rectangular kinematic module when modeling processes of the sequential radial-direct extrusion with the developed radial component of metal flow. The resulting dependences of the reduced pressure of the module 2a deformation can be built into other estimation schemes of successive radial-longitudinal extrusion processes. As a result, the decrease in the obtained power parameters of the process could amount to 7‒10 % relative to the schemes involving the axial rectangular kinematic module 2
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