European Journal of Oral Sciences最新文献

This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of a novel combination of the neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum perovskite (Nd:YAP) laser and deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) in eliminating dual-species biofilms from dentinal surfaces using a three-dimensional (3D)-printed lateral canal model. A computational fluid dynamics model was used to assess the impact of needle insertion depth on irrigant flow within the lateral canal model. Enterococcus faecalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum biofilms were cultured on dentin discs. Scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) were used to investigate the influence of Nd:YAP laser and DNase I on the antimicrobial activity of 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). The CLSM results demonstrated a significant reduction in the formation of dual-species biofilms among viable bacteria treated with the combination of Nd:YAP laser and DNase I, compared to other treatment groups. As the needle insertion depth decreased, the irrigant velocity in the lateral canal decreased, resulting in the attachment of a greater number of viable bacteria. The combination of Nd:YAP laser and DNase I effectively addresses the limitations of single supplementary treatment by enhancing irrigant penetration and biofilm disruption within the lateral canal model, presenting a promising strategy for in vitro disinfection of lateral canal structures.

Several matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors have been investigated for their ability to improve dentin-bond longevity. However, MMPs tend to reactivate over time, especially using simplified etch-and-rinse adhesives. This study investigated a novel magnetic removal of dentinal MMPs on bonding durability, MMP inhibition and collagen degradation. Magnetic nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄) were synthesized, characterized, and incorporated in water-based gels at 2 wt% (MAG-2) or 20 wt% (MAG-20). A placebo and 2 wt% chlorhexidine (CHX) digluconate gel were employed as control treatments. Human teeth were acid-etched, pretreated with gels (external magnetic motion was created in the MAG groups), and bonded to composite using a simplified adhesive. Specimens were subjected to microtensile bond strength test after 24 h or 1 year of water storage. Interface release of hydroxyproline was assessed. Presence of MMPs was analyzed by confocal microscopy in situ zymography. Data were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test. MAG-2 was the only treatment providing stable bond strength, revealing lower MMP activity than CHX. MAG-2 produced an evident removal of MMPs compared to CHX, MAG-20, and placebo. The innovative magnetic treatment of dentin was able to effectively remove MMPs when used at a 2 wt% concentration, arresting dentin collagen degradation at the dentin-bonded and achieving stable bonding over time.

Temporomandibular biomechanics, the study of the mechanical interactions between the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), muscles, ligaments, and bone during jaw motion, is essential for understanding oral functions like mastication, speech, and swallowing. Understanding of these interactions also plays a crucial role in diagnosing jaw function and planning personalized prosthodontic treatment. Despite its significance, a universally applicable model for TMJ biomechanics remains elusive. To elucidate the complex movements of the mandible, including the shifting of the instantaneous center of rotation, this report explores the dynamic mechanisms governing mandibular movement, focusing on anatomical structures and diverse kinematic axes, including the least motion axis. We propose a novel kinematic model integrating bell-crank, slider-crank, and third-class lever mechanisms within a tensegrity framework. This framework incorporates the tensegrity principle and utilizes the least motion axis. Our biotensegrity model illuminates the significant role of mandibular ligaments in establishing the mandibular rest position. By leveraging the unique property of tensegrity structures—their ability to adapt their mechanical response to varying loads as if their center of gravity were being adjusted—our model offers a biomechanical explanation for multiple mandibular motion axes, distinct from the TMJ. This enables us to effectively model complex jaw movements oversimplified by conventional approaches, potentially advancing understanding of TMJ biomechanics.

With the growing demand for additively manufactured resin restorations, this study investigated the effects of cleaning time and thermal aging on key mechanical properties of digital light processing (DLP)-fabricated resins for permanent crowns, and assessed how crown thickness (1.25, 1.50, 1.75, and 2.0 mm) influences fracture load. Specimens were ultrasonically cleaned in isopropanol for 180, 210, and 240 s and post-cured for 30 min, and either stored in water (37°C, 24 h) or aged for 10,000 thermal cycles (5–55°C). Vickers hardness, flexural strength, shear bond strength, fracture load, and fit were assessed. Cleaning time affected only Vickers hardness, while thermal aging resulted in significantly degraded mechanical properties. Fracture load increased with thickness but decreased after aging, from 1240.3 ± 261.4 N to 955.3 ± 145.3 N for 2.0 mm crowns. Marginal gaps ranged from 54.09 to 79.43 µm, and internal gaps from 46.62 to 101.55 µm, and both decreased after aging. Crown thickness and thermal aging significantly impacted mechanical properties, whereas cleaning time had minimal impact. For durability and resistance to maximum clenching forces, a 2 mm thickness is recommended. These findings offer valuable insights into optimal post-processing and design to enhance the clinical longevity of DLP-fabricated crowns.

The primary aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and severity of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain in patients with cervical disc herniation. The secondary aim was to investigate the relationship between neck disability, neck pain, sociodemographic factors, TMD, and TMJ pain. The participants were divided based on their Neck Disability Index (NDI) score into those with no/mild (n = 26), or moderate/severe (n = 31) disability. The severity of TMD was assessed using the Fonseca Anamnestic Index, and TMJ pain was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale. Among participants with no/mild neck disability, 88.5% had TMD; in the moderate/severe group, all had TMD. Participants with moderate/severe neck disability demonstrated a higher level of TMD severity and TMJ pain than participants with no/mild disability. The NDI score and female gender were both associated with higher Fonseca Anamnestic Index scores, and these two factors explained 12.% of the variance. Furthermore, the NDI score, neck pain, and female gender were positively associated with higher TMJ pain, explaining 22.1.% of the variance. A high NDI score and female gender were associated with higher severity of TMD. Our study suggests that individuals with cervical disc herniation who present a high NDI score should also be assessed for TMD.

This scoping review identified laboratory methods used to evaluate the sealing ability of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and compared representative calcium silicate–based cements. A systematic search of articles from 2015 to 2024 was conducted following PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Studies were included if they assessed the sealing ability of commercially available calcium silicate cements under commonly applied laboratory protocols. Thirty-one studies met the criteria. Various in vitro methods were used, but no single standard emerged. Among the materials reviewed, ProRoot MTA showed superior sealing ability, followed by Biodentine and MTA Angelus, though results varied depending on the method. The findings highlight the need for consistent protocols. Combining techniques such as bacterial leakage and dye penetration using confocal microscopy is suggested to improve reproducibility and support evidence-based material selection in endodontics.

Endodontics is often cited as one of the leading dental disciplines involved in malpractice claims. This focus article aims to explore the ethical and legal aspects of endodontic treatment, with particular focus on identifying the underlying reasons for malpractice allegations, while highlighting the standard of care (SOC). A literature search was conducted to identify patterns in malpractice claims and adverse events related to endodontic treatment. Findings are organized into a clinically relevant classification of adverse events, as local, regional, or systemic, based on the location and response to injury. Not all adverse events result in negative outcomes, nor do they necessarily lead to litigation. Common dental malpractice claims often arise from diagnostic failures, lack of informed consent, deviation from SOC, and delays in referring patients when necessary. Allegations related to root perforation, lack of rubber dam usage, wrong tooth therapy, and infections have generally favored the plaintiffs. Ethical principles form a foundation for professional responsibility. Good communication, risk assessment, and record keeping are prerequisites to enforce patient safety and reduce the risk of malpractice. Targeted improvements in organizations, competence, resources, research, and education can ultimately benefit both patients and practitioners, ensuring higher SOCs and safety.

This review aimed to map the available scientific evidence regarding the physical–mechanical properties and clinical performance of 3D-printed resins used for indirect restorations and identify research gaps. PRISMA guidelines were followed, with methodological details preregistered in the Open Science Framework. A literature search was conducted in May 2025 across PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science, without restrictions on publication date or language. Studies evaluating the physico-mechanical properties (color stability, flexural strength, surface roughness, and hardness) and clinical performance (esthetic, functional, or biological properties) of 3D-printed resins for full or partial coverage restorations, whether permanent or provisional, were included. A total of 36 studies met the inclusion criteria, including 35 in vitro and 1 clinical trial. The most frequently analyzed resin for temporary restorations was C&B MFH (NextDent) (n = 10), while for definitive restorations, VSC+ (Bego) (n = 5) was the most frequently used. Nonetheless, further research is required to evaluate their clinical performance in both temporary and definitive restorations. The available evidence indicates that a wide variety of 3D-printed resins are available for clinical use, mainly as provisional restorative materials. There is still no sufficient clinical evidence to support the use of 3D-printed resins for indirect definitive restorations.