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Influence of structural parameters on the performance of fluid oscillators 结构参数对流体振荡器性能的影响
IF 2.5 3区 工程技术 Q2 MECHANICS Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.11.002
Wenhui Zhai , Yuxin Fan
The fluid oscillator, relying on the Coanda effect, is a flow control device that can alter the direction or velocity of a jet both spatially and temporally. The fuel injection device based on a fluid oscillator significantly enhances atomization and spatial dispersion performance compared to a direct-spray nozzle. However, when used in high heat load afterburners with aviation kerosene as the working medium, oxidative coking issues may arise. To address this, it is recommended to use premixed rich fuel-vapor as the working fluid in order to reduce the residence time of fuel in the oscillator. This study investigates the flow rate and frequency variation of ideal air (simulated gas phase fuel) as it moves through a double feedback channel fluid oscillator with varying thicknesses and outlet throat widths. Experimental and numerical simulation methods are employed. And the influence mechanism is analyzed through an examination of the flow field structure within the cavity of the fluid oscillator. The results indicate that increasing the thickness of the fluid oscillator leads to a higher outlet tangential velocity and deflection angle, while simultaneously decreasing the oscillation frequency. Conversely, widening the fluid oscillator throat results in a decrease in tangential velocity, deflection angle, and oscillation frequency. The performance of the fluid oscillator reaches a critical threshold when the outlet throat is square. As thickness increases, the rate of decrease in oscillation frequency and the rate of increase in tangential velocity both slow down. Furthermore, the maximum deflection angle of the airflow at the oscillator outlet reaches a critical value at a thickness of 3.375 mm, beyond which the trend of increasing deflection angle also slows. When the thickness of the oscillator is less than 3.375 mm, mass flow is the predominant driving factor for airflow deflection in the mixing chamber. In contrast, when the thickness is greater than or equal to 3.375 mm, pressure becomes the primary driving factor for this deflection.
流体振荡器依靠科恩达效应,是一种可以在空间和时间上改变射流方向或速度的流量控制装置。与直接喷射喷嘴相比,基于流体振荡器的燃料喷射装置可显著提高雾化和空间分散性能。然而,当在以航空煤油为工作介质的高热负荷后燃烧器中使用时,可能会出现氧化结焦问题。为解决这一问题,建议使用预混合富燃料蒸汽作为工作流体,以减少燃料在振荡器中的停留时间。本研究探讨了理想空气(模拟气相燃料)在通过具有不同厚度和出口喉管宽度的双反馈通道流体振荡器时的流速和频率变化。研究采用了实验和数值模拟方法。通过研究流体振荡器腔内的流场结构,分析了影响机理。结果表明,增加流体振荡器的厚度会导致更高的出口切向速度和偏转角,同时降低振荡频率。相反,加宽流体振荡器的喉部会导致切向速度、偏转角和振荡频率降低。当出口喉部为正方形时,流体振荡器的性能达到临界值。随着厚度的增加,振荡频率的下降速度和切向速度的上升速度都会减慢。此外,振荡器出口处气流的最大偏转角在厚度为 3.375 毫米时达到临界值,超过该值后,偏转角的增加趋势也会减慢。当振荡器厚度小于 3.375 毫米时,质量流是混合室气流偏转的主要驱动因素。相反,当厚度大于或等于 3.375 毫米时,压力则成为偏转的主要驱动因素。
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引用次数: 0
Prediction of wind loading on masked angle members in lattice tower structures 格构塔结构中遮蔽角构件的风荷载预测
IF 2.5 3区 工程技术 Q2 MECHANICS Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.10.008
A. Hadane , V. Laurent , J.A. Redford , M. Gueguin , F. Hafid , J.-M. Ghidaglia
Quantification of the wind loading is critical in lattice tower structure engineering. In this study, we use Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to investigate the aerodynamic loading on two angle members of a lattice tower structure. The presence of two bluff bodies means that one of the angle members may be masked by the other and will thus undergo less wind loading, which is called the mask effect. In the current work, we were specifically interested in investigating this effect with respect to the angles of attack of the two angle members along with the inline and normal separation distance. The four parameters yield a large parameter space which is best tackled using a sophisticated sampling method such as Latin hypercube sampling. First, we validated our RANS simulation results against experiments and Large Eddy Simulation (LES). Then, we performed two-dimensional simulations on a large range of configurations to underline the impact of the input parameters on the output variables, which are the drag and lift coefficients. To produce a tool that can be applied by a structural engineer, the database created using the time-consuming CFD simulations was used to create a correlation between the input parameters and output variables. The functions used in the correlations were designed to respect the symmetries and limiting behavior in the problem. We then investigated the performance of four different cross-validated regression models to predict the drag and lift coefficients. Once created, the regression models produce a method that does not require CFD simulations to be run. The models’ accuracy represents a significant improvement in predicting wind loads on lattice towers. While further refinement is possible, the current results provide a solid basis for engineering design purposes.
在格构塔结构工程中,风载荷的量化至关重要。在本研究中,我们使用计算流体动力学(CFD)来研究格构塔结构两个角构件上的空气动力载荷。两个崖体的存在意味着其中一个角构件可能会被另一个角构件遮挡,从而承受较小的风荷载,这就是所谓的遮挡效应。在目前的研究中,我们特别关注的是研究这种效应与两个角构件的攻角以及内线和法线间距的关系。这四个参数产生了一个很大的参数空间,最好使用复杂的采样方法(如拉丁超立方采样)来解决。首先,我们根据实验和大涡流模拟(LES)验证了 RANS 模拟结果。然后,我们对大量配置进行了二维模拟,以强调输入参数对输出变量(即阻力和升力系数)的影响。为了制作一个结构工程师可以使用的工具,我们使用耗时的 CFD 模拟所创建的数据库来创建输入参数和输出变量之间的相关性。关联中使用的函数在设计上尊重了问题的对称性和极限行为。然后,我们研究了四种不同的交叉验证回归模型的性能,以预测阻力和升力系数。回归模型创建后,就可以产生一种无需运行 CFD 模拟的方法。这些模型的准确性表明,在预测格构塔架的风载荷方面有了显著提高。虽然还有进一步改进的可能,但目前的结果为工程设计提供了坚实的基础。
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引用次数: 0
Turbulent spiral flow of power-law fluid in annular channel 环形通道中幂律流体的湍流螺旋流动
IF 2.5 3区 工程技术 Q2 MECHANICS Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.10.016
Yaroslav Ignatenko , Andrey Gavrilov , Oleg B. Bocharov , Roger Aragall
Transient three-dimensional numerical simulations of power-law fluid flow in an annular channel with a diameter ratio of 1/2 were performed. The outcomes of the simulations using the URANS approach were contrasted with the results of the RANS and LES approaches for Newtonian and power-law fluids. It was demonstrated that comparable outcomes to those obtained through LES can be achieved through URANS with a reduced computational cost. It was determined that the RANS approach tends to underestimate turbulent kinetic energy and pressure losses. Parametric studies were conducted using the URANS approach, encompassing a range of Reynolds numbers (Re) between 100 and 10,000, dimensionless rotation rates (N) values between 0.2 and 5, and power-law indices (n) between 0.4 and 1. The following flow regimes were identified: (1) flow without vortices; (2) Taylor-type toroidal vortices; (3) Görtler-type continuous spiral vortices swirling around the inner cylinder; and (4) small-scale Görtler-type vortices near both channel walls. The numerical experiments demonstrated that the rotation of the inner cylinder resulted in three notable effects: a reduction in the apparent viscosity within the vicinity of the rotating cylinder, a decline in viscous shear stresses, and the development of Görtler-type vortex structures, which contributed to an increase in energy losses. Additionally, at Reynolds numbers below 300, high rotation led to the formation of Taylor-type vortices and a reduction in pressure losses. The power law fluid requires increased rotation of the inner cylinder to form vortices and transition the flow to turbulent. When the Reynolds number is less than 300, the first mechanism is the dominant factor, resulting in a reduction in pressure loss. At Reynolds numbers of approximately 300, the first two mechanisms are in competition, with the pressure loss dependent on the power law index, n. Finally, at Reynolds numbers greater than 300, secondary vortex structures, such as Görtler vortices, become the dominant factor, leading to an increase in pressure loss with rotation.
对直径比为 1/2 的环形通道中的幂律流体流动进行了瞬态三维数值模拟。对牛顿流体和幂律流体采用 URANS 方法与 RANS 和 LES 方法的模拟结果进行了对比。结果表明,采用 URANS 方法可以获得与 LES 方法相当的结果,而且计算成本更低。研究确定,RANS 方法往往会低估湍流动能和压力损失。使用 URANS 方法进行了参数研究,雷诺数 (Re) 范围在 100 到 10,000 之间,无量纲旋转率 (N) 值在 0.2 到 5 之间,幂律指数 (n) 在 0.4 到 1 之间:(1) 无漩涡流动;(2) 泰勒型环形漩涡;(3) 围绕内圆柱体旋转的哥特勒型连续螺旋漩涡;以及 (4) 靠近通道两壁的小尺度哥特勒型漩涡。数值实验表明,内圆筒的旋转产生了三个显著的影响:旋转圆筒附近的表观粘度降低、粘性剪切应力减小以及哥特勒型涡旋结构的形成,这有助于增加能量损失。此外,在雷诺数低于 300 时,高旋转导致形成泰勒型漩涡,减少了压力损失。幂律流体需要增加内筒的旋转,以形成涡流并使流动过渡到湍流。当雷诺数小于 300 时,第一种机制是主导因素,导致压力损失减少。最后,当雷诺数大于 300 时,次级涡旋结构(如哥特勒涡旋)成为主导因素,导致压力损失随旋转而增加。
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引用次数: 0
Study of the motion and interaction of micro-swimmers with different scales in Poiseuille flow 不同尺度的微型游泳者在普瓦赛流中的运动和相互作用研究
IF 2.5 3区 工程技术 Q2 MECHANICS Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.11.001
Tingting Qi (亓婷婷) , Jianzhong Lin (林建忠) , Zhenyu Ouyang (欧阳振宇)
We conducted numerical simulations using the immersed boundary–lattice Boltzmann method to investigate the motion and interaction of microswimmers of different scales in Poiseuille flow. The squirmers self-propelling via generating surface waves were used as the model for microswimmers. The movement of two squirmers with different scale ratios (0.6–1.5), swimming Reynolds numbers (0.1–2.0), swimming strength (1–7), and blockage ratios (0.125–0.25) in Poiseuille flow was studied. Five classical motion patterns were identified: periodic tumbling, steady motion, periodic oscillation, damped oscillation, and chaotic motion modes. Initially, we examined the interaction between a pair of squirmers of the same scale and elucidated the causes of their different motion pattern transitions using the pressure distribution, direction angle, and swimming velocity of the squirmers. We investigated the variation of transport velocity with blockage ratio and swimming strength. A pair of squirmers with small ratios tended to migrate in a stable motion pattern, while those with large ratios showed a high tendency to change their motion patterns. Pushers with an increasing swimming Reynolds number were adsorbed to the wall and migrated stably along the wall.
我们采用沉浸边界-晶格玻尔兹曼法进行了数值模拟,研究了不同尺度的微游泳在波瓦流中的运动和相互作用。微游子的模型是通过产生表面波而自我推进的蠕虫。研究了两只具有不同尺度比(0.6-1.5)、游动雷诺数(0.1-2.0)、游动强度(1-7)和阻塞比(0.125-0.25)的蠕动器在 Poiseuille 流中的运动。确定了五种经典运动模式:周期性翻滚、稳定运动、周期性振荡、阻尼振荡和混沌运动模式。我们首先研究了一对相同尺度蠕虫之间的相互作用,并利用蠕虫的压力分布、方向角和游动速度阐明了它们不同运动模式转换的原因。我们研究了运输速度随阻塞率和游动强度的变化。一对阻塞率较小的蠕虫倾向于以稳定的运动模式迁移,而阻塞率较大的蠕虫则表现出较高的运动模式变化趋势。游动雷诺数增大的蠕动者被吸附在壁上,并沿壁稳定迁移。
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引用次数: 0
Vertical concentration distribution of fine settling particles in a pulsatile laminar open channel flow 脉动层流明渠流中细小沉降颗粒的垂直浓度分布
IF 2.5 3区 工程技术 Q2 MECHANICS Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.10.015
Subham Dhar , Nanda Poddar , Kajal Kumar Mondal
Sedimentation in river and drainage systems frequently increases flood risks, making the study of particle dispersion crucial for effective flood damage control. In the present research, the transport of fine settling particles in a laminar, periodic flow through an open channel is analytically investigated using the multi-scale homogenization method. To investigate how settling velocity affects the dispersion process of fine particles in a tidal wetland, Dhar et al. (2022) studied the dispersion coefficient and mean concentration of the settling particles applying the method of moments. The mean and transverse real concentration distributions of settling particles are analytically derived from the governing equation, and the influence of settling velocity, oscillation Reynolds number, and Schmidt number on the dispersivity and concentration profile of the settling particles is investigated. The results show a vertical non-uniformity of longitudinal concentration distribution due to the introduction of settling velocity. It is also observed that the sedimentation effect for purely oscillatory flow is negligibly small compared to that of the steady and oscillatory flow with a nonzero mean. Pulsatile behavior is observed in the difference rate profile between Taylor’s mean and present mean concentration. The study sheds light on the behavior of settling particles and can be useful for understanding sedimentation and wastewater treatment processes.
河流和排水系统中的沉积物经常会增加洪水风险,因此研究颗粒的分散对有效控制洪水灾害至关重要。本研究采用多尺度均质化方法,对流经明渠的层流、周期性流动中细小沉降颗粒的输运进行了分析研究。为了研究沉降速度如何影响潮汐湿地中细颗粒的扩散过程,Dhar 等人(2022 年)采用矩量法研究了沉降颗粒的扩散系数和平均浓度。根据控制方程分析得出了沉降颗粒的平均浓度分布和横向实际浓度分布,并研究了沉降速度、振荡雷诺数和施密特数对沉降颗粒的分散性和浓度分布的影响。结果表明,由于引入了沉降速度,纵向浓度分布出现了垂直不均匀性。同时还观察到,与平均值不为零的稳定流和振荡流相比,纯振荡流的沉降效应小得可以忽略不计。在泰勒平均浓度和当前平均浓度之间的差率曲线中观察到了脉动行为。这项研究揭示了沉降颗粒的行为,有助于理解沉降和废水处理过程。
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引用次数: 0
Fully developed flow of a higher-gradient nanofluid in a vertical channel: Mixed and natural convection 高梯度纳米流体在垂直通道中的完全流动:混合对流和自然对流
IF 2.5 3区 工程技术 Q2 MECHANICS Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.10.013
A. Borrelli , G. Giantesio , M.C. Patria
In the present work, we study the steady Poiseuille flow and heat transfer of a viscous fluid containing nano-sized particles in a vertical channel. The two walls of the infinitely long channel are kept at different constant temperatures. Particles and fluid may have different densities, and account is taken of the thermal expansivity of the fluid by invoking the Boussinesq approximation.
The momentum equation describing the fluid differs from the Navier–Stokes equations by containing a bi-Laplacian term of the velocity, as proposed by Fried and Gurtin. The higher-order terms in the momentum equation require additional boundary conditions (strong, weak, general adherence). Several velocity profiles are presented also for real nanofluid suspensions. The found velocities are compared with the velocity of nanofluids relative to the Buongiorno model.
在本研究中,我们研究了含有纳米级颗粒的粘性流体在垂直通道中的稳定波瓦流和热传导。无限长通道的两壁保持不同的恒定温度。粒子和流体可能具有不同的密度,并通过引用布森斯克近似值考虑了流体的热膨胀性。描述流体的动量方程与纳维-斯托克斯方程不同,它包含一个速度的双拉普拉斯项,这是由弗里德和古尔丁提出的。动量方程中的高阶项需要额外的边界条件(强、弱、一般粘附)。研究还给出了实际纳米流体悬浮液的几种速度曲线。所发现的速度与 Buongiorno 模型中纳米流体的速度进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
Annular Newtonian Poiseuille flow with pressure-dependent wall slip 随压力变化的壁面滑移的环状牛顿泊伊流
IF 2.5 3区 工程技术 Q2 MECHANICS Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.10.012
Kostas D. Housiadas , Evgenios Gryparis , Georgios C. Georgiou
We investigate the effect of pressure-dependent wall slip on the steady Newtonian annular Poiseuille flow employing Navier’s slip law with a slip parameter that varies exponentially with pressure. The dimensionless governing equations and accompanying auxiliary conditions are solved analytically up to second order by implementing a regular perturbation scheme in terms of the small dimensionless pressure-dependence slip parameter. An explicit formula for the average pressure drop, required to maintain a constant volumetric flowrate, is also derived. This is suitably post-processed by applying a convergence acceleration technique to increase the accuracy of the original perturbation series. The effects of pressure-dependent wall slip are more pronounced when wall slip is weak. However, as the slip coefficient increases, these effects are moderated and eventually eliminated as the perfect slip case is approached. The results show that the average pressure drop remains practically constant until the Reynolds number becomes sufficiently large. It is worth noting that all phenomena associated with pressure-dependent wall slip are amplified as the annular gap is reduced.
我们采用纳维尔滑移定律,利用随压力呈指数变化的滑移参数,研究了随压力变化的壁面滑移对稳定的牛顿环形波瓦耶流的影响。通过实施一种以小的无量纲压力相关滑移参数为条件的规则扰动方案,对无量纲控制方程和伴随的辅助条件进行二阶解析求解。此外,还得出了保持恒定容积流量所需的平均压降的明确公式。通过采用收敛加速技术对其进行适当的后处理,以提高原始扰动序列的精度。当壁面滑移较弱时,与压力相关的壁面滑移的影响更为明显。然而,随着滑移系数的增大,这些影响逐渐减弱,并在接近完美滑移情况时最终消除。结果表明,在雷诺数足够大之前,平均压降实际上保持不变。值得注意的是,所有与压力相关的壁面滑移现象都会随着环形间隙的减小而放大。
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引用次数: 0
A two-dimensional numerical characterization on the droplet dynamics in the electric field by VOSET method 用 VOSET 方法对电场中液滴动力学进行二维数值表征
IF 2.5 3区 工程技术 Q2 MECHANICS Pub Date : 2024-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.10.014
Yanning Wang , Na Zhou , Peng Yu , Hong Lu , Lin Miao , Xiaoyan Chen , Dongliang Sun
A coupled volume-of-fluid and level set (VOSET) model is extended to the simulation of electro-hydrodynamic (EHD) flow. The good accuracy of proposed model is validated by comparing with previous results. Although the electrostrictive force might be greater than the Coulomb and dielectric forces under certain conditions, it has no influence on droplet dynamic behaviors except the pressure distribution. The electro-coalescence of droplet pair is systematically investigated. In addition to the coalescence and repulsion, two droplets might neither coalesce nor repulse with the repulsive hydrodynamic force and attractive electric force strike a balance. The electro-coalescence of two droplets always happens as long as the electric conductivity ratio is smaller than the permittivity ratio. The critical permittivity ratio separating the coalescence and repulsion of droplets increases as the increase of electric conductivity ratio. The electro-coalescence time of two droplets decreases as the permittivity ratio and electric capillary number increase. Nevertheless, the electro-coalescence time shows different variation tendency as the increase of electric conductivity ratio with different permittivity ratios and electric capillary numbers.
流体容积和液面集(VOSET)耦合模型被扩展用于电流体动力(EHD)流动的模拟。通过与之前的结果进行比较,验证了所提出模型的良好准确性。虽然在某些条件下,电致伸缩力可能大于库仑力和介电力,但除了压力分布外,它对液滴的动态行为没有影响。系统研究了液滴对的电凝聚。除了凝聚和排斥之外,在排斥性流体动力和吸引力电场力的平衡下,两液滴可能既不凝聚也不排斥。只要电导比小于介电比,两液滴就会发生电凝聚。分离液滴凝聚和排斥的临界介电比随着电导比的增大而增大。两个液滴的电凝聚时间随着介电比和电毛细管数的增加而缩短。然而,在不同的导电率和毛细管数下,电凝聚时间随导电率的增加而呈现出不同的变化趋势。
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引用次数: 0
Coating flow of a liquid film with colloidal particles on a vertical fiber 带有胶体颗粒的液膜在垂直纤维上的涂布流动
IF 2.5 3区 工程技术 Q2 MECHANICS Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.10.009
Garima Singh, Naveen Tiwari
A thin liquid film of colloidal suspension is considered which is spreading down on a vertical cylinder under the effect of gravity. A precursor film model is employed at the three-phase contact line to relieve the stress singularity. The curvature pressure leads to the formation of a capillary ridge at the contact-line. Bulk and surface colloids are assumed to be present in the liquid film. The interfacial pattern is governed by the film evolution equation, obtained by simplifying mass and momentum balance equations within the lubrication assumption, while rapid vertical diffusion is assumed for the advection–diffusion equation of the bulk concentration. Fluid viscosity and diffusivity are considered to be functions of the particle volume fraction. The effects of the bulk and surface colloids on the spreading film dynamics are systematically studied. The presence of bulk colloids leads to the thinning of the capillary ridge for smaller inlet bulk colloid concentrations. On the other hand, a larger inlet bulk concentration leads to the formation of a secondary advancing front behind the capillary ridge in the film profile. A reduced contact point velocity is observed with an increase in the upstream bulk concentration. Surface concentration is found to result in a hump-like structure behind the capillary ridge in the upstream direction due to solutal Marangoni stress. The Marangoni stress also hinders the surface-tension-driven spreading, resulting in a smaller contact line velocity. Reducing the Bond number results in unstable film profiles, which lead to a wave-like structure in the region with no bulk concentration gradients.
研究考虑了胶体悬浮液薄膜在重力作用下在垂直圆柱体上向下扩散的问题。在三相接触线上采用了前驱膜模型来缓解应力奇异性。曲率压力导致在接触线处形成毛细管脊。假设液膜中存在块状胶体和表面胶体。界面形态由薄膜演化方程控制,该方程是通过简化润滑假设中的质量和动量平衡方程得到的,而体积浓度的平流-扩散方程则假设为快速垂直扩散。流体粘度和扩散率被认为是颗粒体积分数的函数。系统研究了大量胶体和表面胶体对铺展薄膜动力学的影响。对于较小的入口体积胶体浓度,体积胶体的存在会导致毛细管脊变薄。另一方面,较高的入口胶体浓度会在薄膜剖面的毛细管脊后面形成一个次级推进锋。随着上游胶体浓度的增加,接触点速度降低。由于溶质马兰戈尼应力的作用,发现表面浓度会在上游方向的毛细管脊后形成驼峰状结构。马兰戈尼应力还阻碍了表面张力驱动的扩散,导致接触线速度变小。降低邦德数会导致不稳定的薄膜剖面,从而在没有体积浓度梯度的区域形成波状结构。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of offset jet width on periodic flow in a dual jet 偏移射流宽度对双射流中周期性流动的影响
IF 2.5 3区 工程技术 Q2 MECHANICS Pub Date : 2024-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.10.005
Tanmoy Mondal
The primary aim of this work is to investigate the impact of the offset jet width on the unsteady flow characteristics of a turbulent dual jet, which consists of a wall jet and an offset jet. A computational fluid dynamics code is developed to solve the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) equations. The width of the offset jet is varied while keeping the width of the wall jet constant at the separation distance between the two jets. When the ratio of the offset jet width (w) to the separation distance (d) is w/d=0.5, the flow field exhibits a periodic vortex shedding phenomenon. Conversely, when w/d=0.4, the flow field remains steady. The shedding phenomenon is discernible even when w/d=2. The instantaneous velocity components display sinusoidal oscillations at 0.5w/d2. Applying the fast Fourier transform to these sinusoidal signals yields a distinct frequency peak at the vortex shedding frequency. Within the range of 0.5w/d2, the shedding frequency decreases as the width of the offset jet increases. This trend continues until it reaches a constant value at w/d=1.4. This indicates that the width of the offset jet has a notable influence on the shedding phenomenon within the range of 0.5w/d1.4. For 1.4<w/d2, the shedding frequency remains unaffected by the offset jet width variation. Depending on the value of w/d, the shedding phenomenon is characterized by three flow regimes: a steady flow regime (forw/d0.4), an outer share layer-influenced shedding regime (for w/d=0.51.4), and an outer shear layer-free shedding regime (for w/d>1.4).
这项工作的主要目的是研究偏置射流宽度对湍流双射流(由壁面射流和偏置射流组成)非稳态流动特性的影响。开发了一种计算流体动力学代码,用于求解雷诺平均纳维-斯托克斯(URANS)非稳态方程。偏置射流的宽度是变化的,而壁面射流的宽度在两个射流的分离距离上保持不变。当偏置射流宽度(w)与分离距离(d)之比为 w/d=0.5 时,流场呈现周期性涡流脱落现象。相反,当 w/d=0.4 时,流场保持稳定。即使当 w/d=2 时,也能看到脱落现象。瞬时速度分量在 0.5≤w/d≤2 时显示正弦振荡。对这些正弦信号进行快速傅里叶变换后,会在涡流脱落频率处产生一个明显的频率峰。在 0.5≤w/d≤2 的范围内,脱落频率随着偏移射流宽度的增加而降低。这一趋势一直持续到 w/d=1.4 时达到恒定值。这表明在 0.5≤w/d≤1.4 的范围内,偏置射流的宽度对脱落现象有显著影响。对于 1.4<w/d≤2,脱落频率不受偏置射流宽度变化的影响。根据 w/d 值的不同,脱落现象有三种流态:稳定流态(w/d≤0.4 时)、受外共享层影响的脱落态(w/d=0.5-1.4 时)和无外剪切层的脱落态(w/d>1.4 时)。
{"title":"Effects of offset jet width on periodic flow in a dual jet","authors":"Tanmoy Mondal","doi":"10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.10.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The primary aim of this work is to investigate the impact of the offset jet width on the unsteady flow characteristics of a turbulent dual jet, which consists of a wall jet and an offset jet. A computational fluid dynamics code is developed to solve the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) equations. The width of the offset jet is varied while keeping the width of the wall jet constant at the separation distance between the two jets. When the ratio of the offset jet width (<span><math><mi>w</mi></math></span>) to the separation distance (<span><math><mi>d</mi></math></span>) is <span><math><mrow><mi>w</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>d</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></math></span>, the flow field exhibits a periodic vortex shedding phenomenon. Conversely, when <span><math><mrow><mi>w</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>d</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></math></span>, the flow field remains steady. The shedding phenomenon is discernible even when <span><math><mrow><mi>w</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>d</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></math></span>. The instantaneous velocity components display sinusoidal oscillations at <span><math><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>≤</mo><mi>w</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>d</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></math></span>. Applying the fast Fourier transform to these sinusoidal signals yields a distinct frequency peak at the vortex shedding frequency. Within the range of <span><math><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>≤</mo><mi>w</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>d</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></math></span>, the shedding frequency decreases as the width of the offset jet increases. This trend continues until it reaches a constant value at <span><math><mrow><mi>w</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>d</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></math></span>. This indicates that the width of the offset jet has a notable influence on the shedding phenomenon within the range of <span><math><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>≤</mo><mi>w</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>d</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></math></span>. For <span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>&lt;</mo><mi>w</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>d</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></math></span>, the shedding frequency remains unaffected by the offset jet width variation. Depending on the value of <span><math><mrow><mi>w</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>d</mi></mrow></math></span>, the shedding phenomenon is characterized by three flow regimes: a steady flow regime (for<span><math><mrow><mi>w</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>d</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></math></span>), an outer share layer-influenced shedding regime (for <span><math><mrow><mi>w</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>d</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></math></span>), and an outer shear layer-free shedding regime (for <span><math><mrow><mi>w</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>d</mi><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></math></span>).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11985,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Mechanics B-fluids","volume":"109 ","pages":"Pages 253-270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142536099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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European Journal of Mechanics B-fluids
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