LCL is operating an aerobic composting plant at Lahore that has been purchased from and installed by the Menart Composting Company, Belgium. Since municipal solid waste (MSW) in Lahore is heterogeneous a screening drum (MTR 1850) installed to screen the waste before composting with additional possibility for hand-sorting of recyclables in a sorting belt. This Standard Operation Procedure (SOP) has been prepared for and adopted by the composting plant of the Lahore Compost Ltd (LCL). The SOP intends to ensure that LCL adopts the identified best practices in the plant, operates it through standard recommended procedures; and takes necessary corrective actions when required
{"title":"SOPs of MSW Composting process by Lahore compost Private Limited","authors":"S. Raza, J. Ahmad","doi":"10.7439/IJASR.V3I6.4190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7439/IJASR.V3I6.4190","url":null,"abstract":"LCL is operating an aerobic composting plant at Lahore that has been purchased from and installed by the Menart Composting Company, Belgium. Since municipal solid waste (MSW) in Lahore is heterogeneous a screening drum (MTR 1850) installed to screen the waste before composting with additional possibility for hand-sorting of recyclables in a sorting belt. This Standard Operation Procedure (SOP) has been prepared for and adopted by the composting plant of the Lahore Compost Ltd (LCL). The SOP intends to ensure that LCL adopts the identified best practices in the plant, operates it through standard recommended procedures; and takes necessary corrective actions when required","PeriodicalId":119953,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132958311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Corn possesses significances nutrients, minerals and vitamins, which provides nutrition in animal diet as well as man. Its health benefits have been countless since the prehistoric era. Maize has been revealed to have the potential to sustained human health-related cases, raise standard of living of farmers, served as a soil fertility indicator crop, generate income and increase food-crop production for the increasing human population. Industrial utilization of maize has been shown to include: wet milling, production of bio-fuel, ethanol and other sub-byproducts.
{"title":"The impact of Maize (Zea mays L.) and it uses for human development: A review","authors":"Monday Sunday Adiaha","doi":"10.14419/IJSW.V5I1.7585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/IJSW.V5I1.7585","url":null,"abstract":"Corn possesses significances nutrients, minerals and vitamins, which provides nutrition in animal diet as well as man. Its health benefits have been countless since the prehistoric era. Maize has been revealed to have the potential to sustained human health-related cases, raise standard of living of farmers, served as a soil fertility indicator crop, generate income and increase food-crop production for the increasing human population. Industrial utilization of maize has been shown to include: wet milling, production of bio-fuel, ethanol and other sub-byproducts.","PeriodicalId":119953,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128105162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Omega-3 family (ω-3) of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was considered as an important biochemical for the physiological function of all trophic level animals. In this study, we demonstrated the effect of algal diet on fatty acids composition (FA), antioxidant enzymes and DNA damage of Moina brachiata from Adyar River and Kolavoi Lake. 8 different fatty acids were identified in M. brachiata through GC-MS analysis and we noticed two PUFA (Eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA 20:5 (ω-3); Linoleic acid 18:2 (ω-6)). The dietary fatty acid accumulation and bioconversion capacity of M. brachiata have differed in two lakes fed with algal diet. The high amount of ω-3 PUFA was observed in M. brachiata fed with Scenedesmus sp. in Kolavoi Lake (35.84%) followed by Adyar River (33.78%). PUFA content was significantly declined in wild M. brachiata of Adyar River (17.44%) followed by Kolavoi lake (25.78%). On the other hand, high level of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreasing level of key antioxidant enzymes likes Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione peroxidase (GSH) and DNA damage were observed in wild M. brachiata of Adyar River. Hence, the algal diet could enhance the level of antioxidant enzyme activity by decreasing the level of MDA and it does not show DNA damage on M. brachiata . Overall, the results obtained in this study explored that Scenedesmus sp., has the ability to enhance the PUFA content, antioxidant enzyme activity and prevent the DNA damage in M. brachiata which was declined in the wild animal due to the environmental stress conditions.
{"title":"Comparison of fatty acids profile and antioxidant enzyme level of cladoceran Moina brachiata (jurine, 1820) from freshwater bodies of Chennai","authors":"M. GomathiJeyam., R. Ravichandran","doi":"10.14419/IJSW.V5I1.7607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/IJSW.V5I1.7607","url":null,"abstract":"Omega-3 family (ω-3) of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was considered as an important biochemical for the physiological function of all trophic level animals. In this study, we demonstrated the effect of algal diet on fatty acids composition (FA), antioxidant enzymes and DNA damage of Moina brachiata from Adyar River and Kolavoi Lake. 8 different fatty acids were identified in M. brachiata through GC-MS analysis and we noticed two PUFA (Eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA 20:5 (ω-3); Linoleic acid 18:2 (ω-6)). The dietary fatty acid accumulation and bioconversion capacity of M. brachiata have differed in two lakes fed with algal diet. The high amount of ω-3 PUFA was observed in M. brachiata fed with Scenedesmus sp. in Kolavoi Lake (35.84%) followed by Adyar River (33.78%). PUFA content was significantly declined in wild M. brachiata of Adyar River (17.44%) followed by Kolavoi lake (25.78%). On the other hand, high level of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreasing level of key antioxidant enzymes likes Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione peroxidase (GSH) and DNA damage were observed in wild M. brachiata of Adyar River. Hence, the algal diet could enhance the level of antioxidant enzyme activity by decreasing the level of MDA and it does not show DNA damage on M. brachiata . Overall, the results obtained in this study explored that Scenedesmus sp., has the ability to enhance the PUFA content, antioxidant enzyme activity and prevent the DNA damage in M. brachiata which was declined in the wild animal due to the environmental stress conditions.","PeriodicalId":119953,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research","volume":"491 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123194140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Rajalakshmi, M. Pugalenthi, G. Subashini, M. Kavitha, S. Vishnukumar
Fruits and vegetables have plenty of natural antioxidants, especially vitamin C and E. Fruits contained beta-carotene, phenolic compounds such as anthocyanin and other flavonoids, which showcase a wide range of biological benefits, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti carcinogenic properties. Eriobotrya japonica commonly called as loquat fruit is a subtropical evergreen fruit. In the present study an attempt was made to analyzed the phytochemical screening, nutraceuticals and antioxidant activity of the aforesaid traditionally important and pharmacologically potent fruits and seeds of E. japonica. The dried powdered fruits and seed samples were subjected for the analysis of nutritional parameters, phytochemical screening and evaluation of antioxidant activity. The nutritional parameters such as total carbohydrate, total starch, total proteins and levels of free amino acids were analyzed. Phytochemical screening of E. japonica clearly showed the presence of certain important secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, glycosides, cardiac glycosides, phytosterol and gums and mucilage. The antioxidant activity of the plant extracts were determined by using super oxide free radical scavenging assay. The results of the present study clearly indicated that methanol seed extract showed better free radical scavenging activity at concentration of 1000 mg/ml of extract. Among the selected samples fruits of E.japonica were found to be more potent than the seeds of the same species. However, more advanced pharmacological and clinical studies would be required to investigate in vivo mechanism of pharmacological effects of this important edible fruits E. japonica.
{"title":"Nutraceutical studies on Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. (Fruits & Seeds)","authors":"P. Rajalakshmi, M. Pugalenthi, G. Subashini, M. Kavitha, S. Vishnukumar","doi":"10.7439/IJASR.V3I4.4086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7439/IJASR.V3I4.4086","url":null,"abstract":"Fruits and vegetables have plenty of natural antioxidants, especially vitamin C and E. Fruits contained beta-carotene, phenolic compounds such as anthocyanin and other flavonoids, which showcase a wide range of biological benefits, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti carcinogenic properties. Eriobotrya japonica commonly called as loquat fruit is a subtropical evergreen fruit. In the present study an attempt was made to analyzed the phytochemical screening, nutraceuticals and antioxidant activity of the aforesaid traditionally important and pharmacologically potent fruits and seeds of E. japonica. The dried powdered fruits and seed samples were subjected for the analysis of nutritional parameters, phytochemical screening and evaluation of antioxidant activity. The nutritional parameters such as total carbohydrate, total starch, total proteins and levels of free amino acids were analyzed. Phytochemical screening of E. japonica clearly showed the presence of certain important secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, glycosides, cardiac glycosides, phytosterol and gums and mucilage. The antioxidant activity of the plant extracts were determined by using super oxide free radical scavenging assay. The results of the present study clearly indicated that methanol seed extract showed better free radical scavenging activity at concentration of 1000 mg/ml of extract. Among the selected samples fruits of E.japonica were found to be more potent than the seeds of the same species. However, more advanced pharmacological and clinical studies would be required to investigate in vivo mechanism of pharmacological effects of this important edible fruits E. japonica.","PeriodicalId":119953,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115452917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The 2014 Ebola epidemic resulted in 26,683 cases and 11,022 deaths by May 6th, 2015. With first responders deploying from the United States to assist with the many challenges being faced in the field, they encountered a new set of traumatic events and situations that undoubtedly put them at risk for developing a mental disorder. Organizations must be prepared to provide mental health services for their employees and volunteers once they return. Approach: The authors questioned the potential prevalence of PTSD, ASD, and depression among returning first responders and which therapy method would be the most effective in terms of an individual’s recovered or improved condition. This was done through the use of AnyLogic® 7.0. An agent-based method to model the stress levels a first responder may experience while dealing with Ebola was used, where all responders begin in the healthy state and can develop mental health disorders. The therapy options tested were Cognitive Processing Therapy, Prolonged Exposure, and Group Based Exposure Therapy. Results: GBET for PTSD patients provided the most positive results in terms of condition recovery and improvement. Conclusion: The results showed evidence that the type of therapy used can drastically affect the individual’s mental health outcome.
{"title":"Predicting the mental health outcomes for Ebola first responders","authors":"A. Kirby, Merissa V. Hawkins, R. David, D. Eric","doi":"10.14419/IJSW.V5I1.5275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/IJSW.V5I1.5275","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The 2014 Ebola epidemic resulted in 26,683 cases and 11,022 deaths by May 6th, 2015. With first responders deploying from the United States to assist with the many challenges being faced in the field, they encountered a new set of traumatic events and situations that undoubtedly put them at risk for developing a mental disorder. Organizations must be prepared to provide mental health services for their employees and volunteers once they return. Approach: The authors questioned the potential prevalence of PTSD, ASD, and depression among returning first responders and which therapy method would be the most effective in terms of an individual’s recovered or improved condition. This was done through the use of AnyLogic® 7.0. An agent-based method to model the stress levels a first responder may experience while dealing with Ebola was used, where all responders begin in the healthy state and can develop mental health disorders. The therapy options tested were Cognitive Processing Therapy, Prolonged Exposure, and Group Based Exposure Therapy. Results: GBET for PTSD patients provided the most positive results in terms of condition recovery and improvement. Conclusion: The results showed evidence that the type of therapy used can drastically affect the individual’s mental health outcome.","PeriodicalId":119953,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133455917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The use of herbicides and pesticides in agriculture and for public health purposes has led to harmful effects in many non-target species including man. Methods: In this study, the hepatic effect of exposure to cypermethrin and dimethoate mixture (uppercott) was investigated in male albino wistar rats. Forty five (45) male wistar albino rats were distributed into five (5) groups of nine (9) animals each. Groups 1 and 2 served as the normal control and oil control respectively, groups 3, 4 and 5 received 2.5%, 5% and 7.5% LD 50 of uppercott orally for 28 days. Results: Results obtained revealed that uppercott exposure significantly (p<0.05) increased serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity when the test groups were compared with control. Also, uppercott exposure raised serum bilirubin concentration slightly insignificantly compared to the control. Superoxide dismutase activity was significantly reduced across all test groups as compared with compared with control. Histology of liver tissues revealed patchy necrotic sessions in the liver tissues of the test experimental groups (2.5%, 5% and 7.5%). Conclusion: The results obtained from this study are strongly indicative of the hepatotoxic effect of uppercott pesticide and hence, caution during usage is advised.
{"title":"Exposure to uppercott induces hepatotoxicity in male albino wistar rats","authors":"E. Modo, F. Uboh, M. Agiang, E. Ewere","doi":"10.14419/IJSW.V5I1.7442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/IJSW.V5I1.7442","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The use of herbicides and pesticides in agriculture and for public health purposes has led to harmful effects in many non-target species including man. Methods: In this study, the hepatic effect of exposure to cypermethrin and dimethoate mixture (uppercott) was investigated in male albino wistar rats. Forty five (45) male wistar albino rats were distributed into five (5) groups of nine (9) animals each. Groups 1 and 2 served as the normal control and oil control respectively, groups 3, 4 and 5 received 2.5%, 5% and 7.5% LD 50 of uppercott orally for 28 days. Results: Results obtained revealed that uppercott exposure significantly (p<0.05) increased serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity when the test groups were compared with control. Also, uppercott exposure raised serum bilirubin concentration slightly insignificantly compared to the control. Superoxide dismutase activity was significantly reduced across all test groups as compared with compared with control. Histology of liver tissues revealed patchy necrotic sessions in the liver tissues of the test experimental groups (2.5%, 5% and 7.5%). Conclusion: The results obtained from this study are strongly indicative of the hepatotoxic effect of uppercott pesticide and hence, caution during usage is advised.","PeriodicalId":119953,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123593683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current schoolwork is an endeavour to increase and authenticate the Mathematics realization test for higher secondary school students in Vellur district. A various choice investigation of 100 substances from 11th standard Mathematics syllabus was selected with the help and advice of mathematics experts. The test was administrated to a sample of 100 students of 3 schools of Vellur district. Then all the administer investigation papers of 100 students were scored carefully, the investigation papers were in order in the descending order from the highest to the lowest score. Then the top 27% and bottom 27% of the total score has been taken for the item investigation. During expected technique of item investigation, complexity manifestation and discrimination manifestation were considered as well as the consistency and authenticity of the investigation as a complete. Consequently the tool is consistent and suitable for the illustration.
{"title":"Improvement and consistency of realization investigation in mathematic for higher secondary students","authors":"P. Sharmila","doi":"10.7439/IJASR.V3I3.4052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7439/IJASR.V3I3.4052","url":null,"abstract":"The current schoolwork is an endeavour to increase and authenticate the Mathematics realization test for higher secondary school students in Vellur district. A various choice investigation of 100 substances from 11th standard Mathematics syllabus was selected with the help and advice of mathematics experts. The test was administrated to a sample of 100 students of 3 schools of Vellur district. Then all the administer investigation papers of 100 students were scored carefully, the investigation papers were in order in the descending order from the highest to the lowest score. Then the top 27% and bottom 27% of the total score has been taken for the item investigation. During expected technique of item investigation, complexity manifestation and discrimination manifestation were considered as well as the consistency and authenticity of the investigation as a complete. Consequently the tool is consistent and suitable for the illustration.","PeriodicalId":119953,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114277524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Halobacterium sp. NRC-1 is the halophilic bacterium. This halophile has a great potential to survive on high salinity conditions. The genome of this bacterium has sequenced. The studies have done at metagenomics level, which include the Identification and Molecular Characterization. Identification of this extreme halophile was done by 16S ribotyping and PCR amplification using universal primers FD1 and rP1. The sequences than compared with already sequenced genomes of halophiles. The post genomic tools and microarrays were applied for sequencing. Halobacterium sp. NRC-1 transcriptional profiling showed that it is highly responsive to the environment and give specific responses at gene expression level. There is a need for extensive research at metaproteomic level. To study the expression and function of proteins, whole protein profiling of this specie need to be studied.
{"title":"Halobacterium sp. NRC-1: A Review","authors":"A. Ameen, H. Mubeen, S. Raza","doi":"10.7439/IJASR.V3I3.4048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7439/IJASR.V3I3.4048","url":null,"abstract":"Halobacterium sp. NRC-1 is the halophilic bacterium. This halophile has a great potential to survive on high salinity conditions. The genome of this bacterium has sequenced. The studies have done at metagenomics level, which include the Identification and Molecular Characterization. Identification of this extreme halophile was done by 16S ribotyping and PCR amplification using universal primers FD1 and rP1. The sequences than compared with already sequenced genomes of halophiles. The post genomic tools and microarrays were applied for sequencing. Halobacterium sp. NRC-1 transcriptional profiling showed that it is highly responsive to the environment and give specific responses at gene expression level. There is a need for extensive research at metaproteomic level. To study the expression and function of proteins, whole protein profiling of this specie need to be studied.","PeriodicalId":119953,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121444454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Binjola, S. M. Singh, Seema Sharma, V. Subramani, Subhash Gupta, S. Chander, P. Kumar, G. Rath
Aim: To compare non-coplanar 3DCRT planning and partial arc VMAT planning dosimetrically for unilateral brain tumours.Introduction:Intensity modulated radiation therapyhas gainedwide popularity as a radiotherapy treatment of choice for many clinical sites. Volumetric modulated arc therapy is a kind of therapy in which rather than using multiple static fields at different gantry angles, one or multiple full or partial arcs are used for radiotherapy planning and treatment. Its ability to provide superior target coverage and better normal tissue sparing makes it a treatment of choice over conventional and 3DCRT radiotherapy planning techniques. But, on the same time volume of low dose region which can increase probability of secondary malignancy in VMAT planning is reported to be on the higher side. Our study compares various parameters of plan quality along with low dose volumes in the techniques under comparison.Materials and methods:10 anonymized patients with unilateral malignant brain tumours previously treated with nc3DCRT were selected for the study and planned with partial arc VMAT. Conformity Index, Homogeneity Index, Target Coverage, Doses to critical structures and normal brain were compared.Conclusion:In our study by using VMAT technique we were able to reduce doses to critical structures (Brainstem, optic nerves, and optic chiasm) significantly, got better target coverage along with lesser number of MUs per fraction and significant reduction in low dose volume and reduction in doses to contralateral normal structures including lesser amount of low dose volume.
{"title":"Dosimetric comparison of non-coplanar three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (nc3DCRT) planning and radio biologically optimized partial arc volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) planning of unilateral brain tumours – A retrospective study","authors":"A. Binjola, S. M. Singh, Seema Sharma, V. Subramani, Subhash Gupta, S. Chander, P. Kumar, G. Rath","doi":"10.7439/IJASR.V3I3.4067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7439/IJASR.V3I3.4067","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To compare non-coplanar 3DCRT planning and partial arc VMAT planning dosimetrically for unilateral brain tumours.Introduction:Intensity modulated radiation therapyhas gainedwide popularity as a radiotherapy treatment of choice for many clinical sites. Volumetric modulated arc therapy is a kind of therapy in which rather than using multiple static fields at different gantry angles, one or multiple full or partial arcs are used for radiotherapy planning and treatment. Its ability to provide superior target coverage and better normal tissue sparing makes it a treatment of choice over conventional and 3DCRT radiotherapy planning techniques. But, on the same time volume of low dose region which can increase probability of secondary malignancy in VMAT planning is reported to be on the higher side. Our study compares various parameters of plan quality along with low dose volumes in the techniques under comparison.Materials and methods:10 anonymized patients with unilateral malignant brain tumours previously treated with nc3DCRT were selected for the study and planned with partial arc VMAT. Conformity Index, Homogeneity Index, Target Coverage, Doses to critical structures and normal brain were compared.Conclusion:In our study by using VMAT technique we were able to reduce doses to critical structures (Brainstem, optic nerves, and optic chiasm) significantly, got better target coverage along with lesser number of MUs per fraction and significant reduction in low dose volume and reduction in doses to contralateral normal structures including lesser amount of low dose volume.","PeriodicalId":119953,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129441387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In today’s competitive world, the attraction and retention of customers in banking industry has become much more difficult and only those banks are successful in this competition that focuses their activities on attraction and retention of their customers. In other words, customers’ satisfaction and loyalty are considered as one of the most significant objectives of banking system. Consequently, the purpose of present research is to investigate the impact of relationship marketing, emotional marketing and supportive marketing on the customers’ loyalty in Pars Abad banks with the mediating role of customers’ satisfaction. The statistical population of research comprises all the customers of private banks, public banks and credit and finance institutions of Pars Abad. From this population, 377 customers were selected as the research sample using random sampling method in terms of Morgan table. The questionnaires were used as the statistical instrument for data collection. The reliability of these questionnaires was confirmed using Cranach’s Coefficient Alpha. The collected data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Boot Strap. The SPSS, Lisrel and Stata software were also used in various stages of estimation. The results revealed that the customers’ satisfaction plays a mediating function in the relationship between the effect of relationship marketing, emotional marketing and supportive marketing on customers’ loyalty.
{"title":"The effect of relationship marketing, emotional marketing and supportive marketing on customers loyalty with the mediating role of customers satisfaction: a case study (pars Abad banks)","authors":"Elhameh Talaneh, Kheirollah Sarboland","doi":"10.14419/IJSW.V5I1.7321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/IJSW.V5I1.7321","url":null,"abstract":"In today’s competitive world, the attraction and retention of customers in banking industry has become much more difficult and only those banks are successful in this competition that focuses their activities on attraction and retention of their customers. In other words, customers’ satisfaction and loyalty are considered as one of the most significant objectives of banking system. Consequently, the purpose of present research is to investigate the impact of relationship marketing, emotional marketing and supportive marketing on the customers’ loyalty in Pars Abad banks with the mediating role of customers’ satisfaction. The statistical population of research comprises all the customers of private banks, public banks and credit and finance institutions of Pars Abad. From this population, 377 customers were selected as the research sample using random sampling method in terms of Morgan table. The questionnaires were used as the statistical instrument for data collection. The reliability of these questionnaires was confirmed using Cranach’s Coefficient Alpha. The collected data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Boot Strap. The SPSS, Lisrel and Stata software were also used in various stages of estimation. The results revealed that the customers’ satisfaction plays a mediating function in the relationship between the effect of relationship marketing, emotional marketing and supportive marketing on customers’ loyalty.","PeriodicalId":119953,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129059036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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