Internal control practices have been established to influence financial performance of County Government, though County Government have been facing a myriad of challenges in terms of financial performance. The drive of this study was to establish internal control practices that influence county governments to streamline their operations and perform efficiently and effectively for the benefit of the general interest. Therefore the general objective of the study was to determine the internal control practices and financial performance of county governments in the coastal region of Kenya. Specifically, the study endeavored to establish the effect of audit function, risk management, financial reporting and cash management on financial performance of county governments in the coastal region. The study was based on the following theories: The Agency theory, Attribution theory and procedural justice theory. The researcher adopted a descriptive research design. The target population of the study were 30 employees drawn from 5 departments in the Ministry of Finance, Budget and planning in the county governments of the Coastal region. The study targeted 4 Counties in the coastal region of Kenya, that is Mombasa, Kilifi, Kwale and Taita and the respondents were 40 finance managers obtained from Finance Planning Ministry of the listed County governments. A census of 40 respondents was carried out. Primary data was collected using questionnaires. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The study found a positive and significant effect between risk assessment, monitoring, control environment, information and communication on financial performance. The study concluded that the risk identification and mitigation play the most significant role in influencing financial performance of the County governments. Hence, risk identification can essentially be said to be the key starting point of any risk management program as the Counties cannot manage what is unknown. Monitoring the financial performance of the County creates more certainty and confidence in making both short and long term decisions. This in turn leads to a healthier business and faster growth rate. The control environment provides the basis for carrying out internal control across the organization. Effective adoption of information and communication systems is of vital importance in making sure that the County governments improves their financial performance. The study recommends that the management of the Counties should put in place cost-effective measures for timely risk identification and effective risk mitigation so as to ensure that their financial performance is not impacted negatively. The County governments should have appropriate tools for monitoring their financial performance so as to effectively monitor their goals, the progress they make and all the key performance metrics throughout their financial operations. The County governments should demonstrate
{"title":"Internal Control Practices and Financial Performance of County Governments in the Coastal Region of Kenya","authors":"Salma Ahmed, Peter Nganga","doi":"10.35942/ijcab.v3iv.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35942/ijcab.v3iv.59","url":null,"abstract":"Internal control practices have been established to influence financial performance of County Government, though County Government have been facing a myriad of challenges in terms of financial performance. The drive of this study was to establish internal control practices that influence county governments to streamline their operations and perform efficiently and effectively for the benefit of the general interest. Therefore the general objective of the study was to determine the internal control practices and financial performance of county governments in the coastal region of Kenya. Specifically, the study endeavored to establish the effect of audit function, risk management, financial reporting and cash management on financial performance of county governments in the coastal region. The study was based on the following theories: The Agency theory, Attribution theory and procedural justice theory. The researcher adopted a descriptive research design. The target population of the study were 30 employees drawn from 5 departments in the Ministry of Finance, Budget and planning in the county governments of the Coastal region. The study targeted 4 Counties in the coastal region of Kenya, that is Mombasa, Kilifi, Kwale and Taita and the respondents were 40 finance managers obtained from Finance Planning Ministry of the listed County governments. A census of 40 respondents was carried out. Primary data was collected using questionnaires. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The study found a positive and significant effect between risk assessment, monitoring, control environment, information and communication on financial performance. The study concluded that the risk identification and mitigation play the most significant role in influencing financial performance of the County governments. Hence, risk identification can essentially be said to be the key starting point of any risk management program as the Counties cannot manage what is unknown. Monitoring the financial performance of the County creates more certainty and confidence in making both short and long term decisions. This in turn leads to a healthier business and faster growth rate. The control environment provides the basis for carrying out internal control across the organization. Effective adoption of information and communication systems is of vital importance in making sure that the County governments improves their financial performance. The study recommends that the management of the Counties should put in place cost-effective measures for timely risk identification and effective risk mitigation so as to ensure that their financial performance is not impacted negatively. The County governments should have appropriate tools for monitoring their financial performance so as to effectively monitor their goals, the progress they make and all the key performance metrics throughout their financial operations. The County governments should demonstrate ","PeriodicalId":119984,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Aspects","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116875280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of the study was to examine the influence of community participation on projects implementation in arid and semi-arid regions; a case of road construction projects in Garissa County, Kenya. This is due to the fact that numerous roads development projects are either failed or stalling due to poor community participation. The objectives of the study included examining the extent to which community decision making, community human resources mobilization, community involvement in conflicts resolution, and communal projects resources providence influences the implementation of roads construction projects in arid and semi-arid Kenya. The study tested both the null and alternative hypotheses. This study was guided by two theories i.e the Community Development Theory and the Logical Framework Model. This study adopted a descriptive research design. The total target population was 3242 respondents. The sample size was 369 respondents as guided by the Krejcie and Morgan table of 1970. The instrument of data collection was a questionnaire. Pilot testing of the research instruments was conducted using contractors from the Marsabit County, since it had a similar setting. This study used content validity whereby the questionnaire was subjected to the university supervisor, three university lecturers and two students who had defended their masters theses effectively and graduated in the same course. After data was collected, the responses to the close-ended items in the data collection instrument were assigned codes and labels. Frequency counts of the responses were then obtained, to generate descriptive information about the respondents that participated in the study and to illustrate the general trend of findings on the various variables that were under investigation (as facilitated by the use of SPSS version 24.0). This involved the use of percentages and frequency tables because, according to Mugenda and Mugenda (2003), they help to summarize large quantities of data whilst making the report reader friendly. The Chi-square was used to test the hypothesis. Results indicate that majority of the respondents (90%) supported the idea that participation in roads construction decision making influences the implementation of roads projects in Garissa County. Equally, majority of the respondents (76%) supported the idea that participation by the community in human resources mobilization influences the implementation of roads projects significantly in Garissa County. In relation to the argument that community participation in conflicts resolution influences the implementation of roads projects, majority of the respondents supported the idea that community involvement in solving conflicts influences the implementation of the roads construction projects in the locality. Finally, majority of the respondents strongly supported the idea that the community plays a role in providing communal project resources like land and other raw materials (sand and stones).
{"title":"Influence of Community Participation on Projects Implementation in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions: A Case of Road Construction Projects in Garissa County, Kenya","authors":"Hassan Hussein, J. Kisimbii","doi":"10.35942/ijcab.v3iv.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35942/ijcab.v3iv.58","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to examine the influence of community participation on projects implementation in arid and semi-arid regions; a case of road construction projects in Garissa County, Kenya. This is due to the fact that numerous roads development projects are either failed or stalling due to poor community participation. The objectives of the study included examining the extent to which community decision making, community human resources mobilization, community involvement in conflicts resolution, and communal projects resources providence influences the implementation of roads construction projects in arid and semi-arid Kenya. The study tested both the null and alternative hypotheses. This study was guided by two theories i.e the Community Development Theory and the Logical Framework Model. This study adopted a descriptive research design. The total target population was 3242 respondents. The sample size was 369 respondents as guided by the Krejcie and Morgan table of 1970. The instrument of data collection was a questionnaire. Pilot testing of the research instruments was conducted using contractors from the Marsabit County, since it had a similar setting. This study used content validity whereby the questionnaire was subjected to the university supervisor, three university lecturers and two students who had defended their masters theses effectively and graduated in the same course. After data was collected, the responses to the close-ended items in the data collection instrument were assigned codes and labels. Frequency counts of the responses were then obtained, to generate descriptive information about the respondents that participated in the study and to illustrate the general trend of findings on the various variables that were under investigation (as facilitated by the use of SPSS version 24.0). This involved the use of percentages and frequency tables because, according to Mugenda and Mugenda (2003), they help to summarize large quantities of data whilst making the report reader friendly. The Chi-square was used to test the hypothesis. Results indicate that majority of the respondents (90%) supported the idea that participation in roads construction decision making influences the implementation of roads projects in Garissa County. Equally, majority of the respondents (76%) supported the idea that participation by the community in human resources mobilization influences the implementation of roads projects significantly in Garissa County. In relation to the argument that community participation in conflicts resolution influences the implementation of roads projects, majority of the respondents supported the idea that community involvement in solving conflicts influences the implementation of the roads construction projects in the locality. Finally, majority of the respondents strongly supported the idea that the community plays a role in providing communal project resources like land and other raw materials (sand and stones).","PeriodicalId":119984,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Aspects","volume":"380 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115909903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The modern day challenge of organizations is to have in place information technology systems that can effectively service the needs of the organization, meet the rapid technological changes and be flexible to accommodate enhancements. The Integrated Financial Management Information System (IFMIS) is designed to improve systems for financial data recording, tracking and information management. This was in response to increasing demands for greater transparency and accountability in the management of the public’s finances. However, the management of public finance has continued to be dogged with corruption allegation, outright mismanagement, malpractices in the procurement processes, among others. This study seeks to determine the effectiveness of IFMIS in selected government ministries in Kenya. The objectives of the study are to determine the effect of IFMIS on the processing of accounting transactions, establish the extent to which IFMIS has enhanced the procurement process, assess the extent to which IFMIS has enhanced the production of financial records for preparation of annual accounts and to find out whether IFMIS has enhanced the budget processes in government ministries in Kenya. This study will rely on theoretical models that provide a foundation for the research topic. Specifically, this study rely on Technology Acceptance model, Theory of Budgeting and the Cost reduction theory. The study reviews empirical evidence from which conclusions are drawn.
{"title":"The Effectiveness of Integrated Financial Management Information System in Selected Government Ministries in Kenya: A Theoretical Review","authors":"Waweru Simon Macharia, Ngaba Dominic","doi":"10.35942/ijcab.v3iv.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35942/ijcab.v3iv.57","url":null,"abstract":"The modern day challenge of organizations is to have in place information technology systems that can effectively service the needs of the organization, meet the rapid technological changes and be flexible to accommodate enhancements. The Integrated Financial Management Information System (IFMIS) is designed to improve systems for financial data recording, tracking and information management. This was in response to increasing demands for greater transparency and accountability in the management of the public’s finances. However, the management of public finance has continued to be dogged with corruption allegation, outright mismanagement, malpractices in the procurement processes, among others. This study seeks to determine the effectiveness of IFMIS in selected government ministries in Kenya. The objectives of the study are to determine the effect of IFMIS on the processing of accounting transactions, establish the extent to which IFMIS has enhanced the procurement process, assess the extent to which IFMIS has enhanced the production of financial records for preparation of annual accounts and to find out whether IFMIS has enhanced the budget processes in government ministries in Kenya. This study will rely on theoretical models that provide a foundation for the research topic. Specifically, this study rely on Technology Acceptance model, Theory of Budgeting and the Cost reduction theory. The study reviews empirical evidence from which conclusions are drawn.","PeriodicalId":119984,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Aspects","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114753456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The concept of forestry education cuts across all its facets that is, the professional, technical and vocational. In view of continuous technological changes, forestry education must not be static. It must be versatile in order to be able to meet evolving contemporary challenges. This can be attested to by the great transformation in curriculum development between 1963 and 1986. Though there are presently 20 Universities in Nigeria offering forestry and allied courses, this has not actually impacted on students’ enrolment. This scenario poses enormous challenges to forestry education. Therefore, in order to reposition forestry education in Nigeria, this paper suggested among other factors that forestry curricula should be well positioned, flexible and adaptable; forestry teachers should be made to undertake pedagogical studies for effective teaching delivery; establishment of forestry education at secondary school level and funding, which is very crucial to an effective delivery of forestry education should be made readily available. The study therefore concluded by stressing the need for massive public enlightenment on forestry education and its prospects. There is a need for forestry education to be repackaged to make it more competitive in terms of student enrollment and future career options. There is also an urgent need to review the curricula of forestry courses in many secondary schools and introduced into curriculum. Forestry education in Africa must graduate from the current theory-based learning process to include much of the needed practical training.
{"title":"Youth Participation in Forestry Education in Nigeria","authors":"S. O. Areo, O. O. Oyewale, O. Oyewumi","doi":"10.35942/IJCAB.V3IIV.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35942/IJCAB.V3IIV.53","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of forestry education cuts across all its facets that is, the professional, technical and vocational. In view of continuous technological changes, forestry education must not be static. It must be versatile in order to be able to meet evolving contemporary challenges. This can be attested to by the great transformation in curriculum development between 1963 and 1986. Though there are presently 20 Universities in Nigeria offering forestry and allied courses, this has not actually impacted on students’ enrolment. This scenario poses enormous challenges to forestry education. Therefore, in order to reposition forestry education in Nigeria, this paper suggested among other factors that forestry curricula should be well positioned, flexible and adaptable; forestry teachers should be made to undertake pedagogical studies for effective teaching delivery; establishment of forestry education at secondary school level and funding, which is very crucial to an effective delivery of forestry education should be made readily available. The study therefore concluded by stressing the need for massive public enlightenment on forestry education and its prospects. There is a need for forestry education to be repackaged to make it more competitive in terms of student enrollment and future career options. There is also an urgent need to review the curricula of forestry courses in many secondary schools and introduced into curriculum. Forestry education in Africa must graduate from the current theory-based learning process to include much of the needed practical training.","PeriodicalId":119984,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Aspects","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133518820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Strategic organizational performance has been a challenge to most firms due to dynamic and ever cropping competition, policies and impediments in the strategy running of firms. Employee leave is costly yet poorly understood in organizations, the consequences of employee leave are widespread and consist of direct and indirect effects. Employees need leaves to get time off to attend to their life issues and be close to family members. Leaves serve at improving employee work synergy and motivate them to perform since they are given time off whenever necessary. The main objective of the study is to establish the influence of employee leave on organizational performance. The study was guided by the following research objectives: to find out the influence of annual, maternity/paternity, bereavement and sick leaves on organization performance at Rift Valley Bottlers. The study was anchored on Hertzberg’s Two Factor Theory, Locke’s Range of Affect Theory and the Job Characteristics Model. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The target population of this study entailed 69 respondents from various Rift Valley Bottlers departments. Since the population was small, a census was adopted. The investigation concentrated on gathering essential information utilizing an organized survey and key witness meet from particular administrators of every division. Legitimacy of the study instruments was dictated by substance and develop legitimacy while dependability of the exploration instruments was controlled by inward consistency technique. Information gathered was broke down utilizing both subjective and quantitative methodologies. SPSS variant 23 was utilized to break down the information gathered. Both illustrative and inferential insights was utilized to break down gathered information which was displayed by means of tables, diagrams, frequencies and rates. The study found out that annual leave significantly influenced firm performance. Maternity/paternity leave significantly influenced firm performance. Bereavement leave policy significantly influenced firm performance. Sick leave significantly influenced firm performance. The study concludes that Rift Valley Bottlers Limited offered annul leave to its staffs. Leaves not taken were recovered at Rift Valley Bottlers Limited. Rift Valley Bottlers Limited had an annual leave policy. Rift Valley Bottlers Limited heads of departments were the ones to approve an annual leave. Every employee was entitled to a parental leave once there was a new born in the family. Women were given a maternity leave in lieu of delivery. Fathers or men were given paternity leave to assist in raising their newborns. Bereavement leaves were open at Rift Valley Bottlers Limited. Employees contributed towards assisting their colleague who had been bereaved or had died. Rift Valley Bottlers Limited had a fund to cater for funerals covering close family members. Period for sick leave was open depending on nature of si
{"title":"Employee Leave and Strategic Organizational Performance of Rift Valley Bottlers, Kenya","authors":"Joshua Chacha Chungo, A. Anyieni","doi":"10.35942/IJCAB.V3IIV.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35942/IJCAB.V3IIV.54","url":null,"abstract":"Strategic organizational performance has been a challenge to most firms due to dynamic and ever cropping competition, policies and impediments in the strategy running of firms. Employee leave is costly yet poorly understood in organizations, the consequences of employee leave are widespread and consist of direct and indirect effects. Employees need leaves to get time off to attend to their life issues and be close to family members. Leaves serve at improving employee work synergy and motivate them to perform since they are given time off whenever necessary. The main objective of the study is to establish the influence of employee leave on organizational performance. The study was guided by the following research objectives: to find out the influence of annual, maternity/paternity, bereavement and sick leaves on organization performance at Rift Valley Bottlers. The study was anchored on Hertzberg’s Two Factor Theory, Locke’s Range of Affect Theory and the Job Characteristics Model. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The target population of this study entailed 69 respondents from various Rift Valley Bottlers departments. Since the population was small, a census was adopted. The investigation concentrated on gathering essential information utilizing an organized survey and key witness meet from particular administrators of every division. Legitimacy of the study instruments was dictated by substance and develop legitimacy while dependability of the exploration instruments was controlled by inward consistency technique. Information gathered was broke down utilizing both subjective and quantitative methodologies. SPSS variant 23 was utilized to break down the information gathered. Both illustrative and inferential insights was utilized to break down gathered information which was displayed by means of tables, diagrams, frequencies and rates. The study found out that annual leave significantly influenced firm performance. Maternity/paternity leave significantly influenced firm performance. Bereavement leave policy significantly influenced firm performance. Sick leave significantly influenced firm performance. The study concludes that Rift Valley Bottlers Limited offered annul leave to its staffs. Leaves not taken were recovered at Rift Valley Bottlers Limited. Rift Valley Bottlers Limited had an annual leave policy. Rift Valley Bottlers Limited heads of departments were the ones to approve an annual leave. Every employee was entitled to a parental leave once there was a new born in the family. Women were given a maternity leave in lieu of delivery. Fathers or men were given paternity leave to assist in raising their newborns. Bereavement leaves were open at Rift Valley Bottlers Limited. Employees contributed towards assisting their colleague who had been bereaved or had died. Rift Valley Bottlers Limited had a fund to cater for funerals covering close family members. Period for sick leave was open depending on nature of si","PeriodicalId":119984,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Aspects","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127181511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solid Waste Management is a real and constant concern, which has led to the Nairobi County to develop a strategic plan to help improve the performance of solid waste management within the county. This study sought to investigate the effect of strategic implementation practices on solid waste disposal management in informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya. The specific objectives included to investigate the effects of organizational culture on performance of solid waste disposal management in informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya; to determine the extent to which organizational structure influence performance of solid waste disposal management in informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya; to establish the effect of organization resources on performance of solid waste disposal management in informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya and to assess the effect of leadership on the performance of solid waste disposal management in informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. Primary data was collected using questionnaires that were pilot tested to ensure it collected valid and reliable data. The questionnaires were self-administered and the respondents were required to fill them and then they were collected to avoid contaminating responses. The study concludes that shared values made the staffs to work as a team realizing high performance on cleaning the environment, culture aimed at pulling resources to boost their operational effectiveness in managing of solid waste and adoption of organizational culture was a sign of commitment to the firm and its agenda. The structure emphasized the division in labor per specialization which had improved performance and coordination at the workplace enhanced the results of solid waste disposal. Leadership steered all staff towards improved performance and leaders had a clear communication channel that ensured high performance. The study recommends that consistent culture needs to greatly influence employee performance in the firm. Culture needs to be supportive of individual efforts leading to high performance in solid waste management and employees need to align their culture to the organizational strategies in order to improve their performance in management of solid waste. Organizational structure ought to aim at creating synergy between teams at the firm and employees’ opinions ought to be included in the decision-making process at firm level, which ought to boost morale. A team of experienced personnel ought to be present leading to high performance in solid waste management. Availability of machines and equipment ought to lead to improvement in management of solid waste disposal. Leaders need to ensure a conducive workplace to improve performance and leaders need to be competent in running solid waste disposal operations.
{"title":"Strategy Implementation Practices on Performance of Solid Waste Disposal Management in Informal Settlements in Nairobi, Kenya","authors":"Pamela Ajega, Phelgonah A Genga","doi":"10.35942/IJCAB.V3IIV.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35942/IJCAB.V3IIV.52","url":null,"abstract":"Solid Waste Management is a real and constant concern, which has led to the Nairobi County to develop a strategic plan to help improve the performance of solid waste management within the county. This study sought to investigate the effect of strategic implementation practices on solid waste disposal management in informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya. The specific objectives included to investigate the effects of organizational culture on performance of solid waste disposal management in informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya; to determine the extent to which organizational structure influence performance of solid waste disposal management in informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya; to establish the effect of organization resources on performance of solid waste disposal management in informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya and to assess the effect of leadership on the performance of solid waste disposal management in informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. Primary data was collected using questionnaires that were pilot tested to ensure it collected valid and reliable data. The questionnaires were self-administered and the respondents were required to fill them and then they were collected to avoid contaminating responses. The study concludes that shared values made the staffs to work as a team realizing high performance on cleaning the environment, culture aimed at pulling resources to boost their operational effectiveness in managing of solid waste and adoption of organizational culture was a sign of commitment to the firm and its agenda. The structure emphasized the division in labor per specialization which had improved performance and coordination at the workplace enhanced the results of solid waste disposal. Leadership steered all staff towards improved performance and leaders had a clear communication channel that ensured high performance. The study recommends that consistent culture needs to greatly influence employee performance in the firm. Culture needs to be supportive of individual efforts leading to high performance in solid waste management and employees need to align their culture to the organizational strategies in order to improve their performance in management of solid waste. Organizational structure ought to aim at creating synergy between teams at the firm and employees’ opinions ought to be included in the decision-making process at firm level, which ought to boost morale. A team of experienced personnel ought to be present leading to high performance in solid waste management. Availability of machines and equipment ought to lead to improvement in management of solid waste disposal. Leaders need to ensure a conducive workplace to improve performance and leaders need to be competent in running solid waste disposal operations.","PeriodicalId":119984,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Aspects","volume":"779 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117025747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Interest is the main source of income for commercial banks and therefore capping of interest rate may affect the performance of commercial banks and resort into measures such as downsizing to minimize the operational costs in order to remain sustainable. Put differently, the imposition of interest rate capping may have a bearing on the performance of commercial banks through interest margins generated. Against this background, the general objective of this study is to determine the effect of interest rate capping on financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. Specifically, the study seeks to establish the effect of credit supply on financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya as well as to analyze the effect of asset quality on financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. Moreover, the study seeks to determine the effect of cost of credit on financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. The study is anchored on three key theories: Financial intermediation theory, fractional reserve theory of banking, the credit creation theory of banking; and theory of rational expectation. The study used quarterly secondary data from 2013 to 2017 collected from forty commercial banks licensed in Kenya. The choice of period is justified on the ground of data availability and the period when this study was started. The data was obtained from the bank’s financial statements and other publications by the Central Bank of Kenya. To analyze the data, the study used descriptive analysis approach and Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression method. The descriptive statistics and the regression results indicate that Interest rate capping has a positive effect on financial performance of commercial banks. It is evident from the results that capping interest rate has impacted commercial banks positively. In addition, the results reveal that the quality of assets measured by the share of Non-performing loans affects financial performance negatively. Further, it was evident that credit supply measured by gross loans and advances has negative effect on banks’ financial performance. Based on the findings, this study recommends commercial banks to look into ways of reducing the proportion of non-performing loans in their books in order to improve their returns on assets. This can be achieved by assessing credit worthiness of individuals and companies before advancing loans. The cost of credit measured by the interest rate shows it has positive effect on financial performance and therefore the study recommends the government through the Central Bank to continue monitoring the cost of credit so as to make loans accessible to low income earners. This can contribute to increases in the uptake of loans thereby raising bank’s profitability through interest payments. Commercial banks should also find alternative ways of increasing their interest income thereby improving returns on assets.
{"title":"Interest Rate Capping and Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya","authors":"Kyalo Mutemi, D. Makori","doi":"10.35942/IJCAB.V3IIV.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35942/IJCAB.V3IIV.51","url":null,"abstract":"Interest is the main source of income for commercial banks and therefore capping of interest rate may affect the performance of commercial banks and resort into measures such as downsizing to minimize the operational costs in order to remain sustainable. Put differently, the imposition of interest rate capping may have a bearing on the performance of commercial banks through interest margins generated. Against this background, the general objective of this study is to determine the effect of interest rate capping on financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. Specifically, the study seeks to establish the effect of credit supply on financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya as well as to analyze the effect of asset quality on financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. Moreover, the study seeks to determine the effect of cost of credit on financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. The study is anchored on three key theories: Financial intermediation theory, fractional reserve theory of banking, the credit creation theory of banking; and theory of rational expectation. The study used quarterly secondary data from 2013 to 2017 collected from forty commercial banks licensed in Kenya. The choice of period is justified on the ground of data availability and the period when this study was started. The data was obtained from the bank’s financial statements and other publications by the Central Bank of Kenya. To analyze the data, the study used descriptive analysis approach and Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression method. The descriptive statistics and the regression results indicate that Interest rate capping has a positive effect on financial performance of commercial banks. It is evident from the results that capping interest rate has impacted commercial banks positively. In addition, the results reveal that the quality of assets measured by the share of Non-performing loans affects financial performance negatively. Further, it was evident that credit supply measured by gross loans and advances has negative effect on banks’ financial performance. Based on the findings, this study recommends commercial banks to look into ways of reducing the proportion of non-performing loans in their books in order to improve their returns on assets. This can be achieved by assessing credit worthiness of individuals and companies before advancing loans. The cost of credit measured by the interest rate shows it has positive effect on financial performance and therefore the study recommends the government through the Central Bank to continue monitoring the cost of credit so as to make loans accessible to low income earners. This can contribute to increases in the uptake of loans thereby raising bank’s profitability through interest payments. Commercial banks should also find alternative ways of increasing their interest income thereby improving returns on assets.","PeriodicalId":119984,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Aspects","volume":"193 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123363270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study intended to investigate the effect of staff development on employee performance in KCB Bank Branches in Nyeri County. Training and staff development is very crucial in the overall performance of the employee. The performance of the employees has a direct impact on the organizational performance and competitiveness. Staff development is not cheap in short run but in the long - run is beneficial. The study intended to investigate and establish the training and development programmes at KCB Bank. The study also intended to establish the: training programmes at KCB; effect of training policies on employee performance at KCB; the influence of orientation on employee performance at KCB and the effect of mentorship towards employee performance at KCB. The study was conducted at KCB Bank Nyeri County, Kenya where there are five branches. The target population was one hundred and sixty (160 employees) consisting of three (3) different ranks of top branch management, middle level branch management and lower level branch management. The researcher conducted a census on the top level, middle level and lower level branch management with a total of 160 questionnaires distributed. A total of 119 questionnaires were duly filled and returned representing a response rate of 74%. Primary data was analyzed by use of descriptive statistics as well as inferential statistics. The findings from the study indicated that training programmes, training policies, orientation and mentorship all have a positive correlation with the employee performance. Demographic information was analyzed as well and presented in tables. The research findings indicated that the bank has a variety of training programmes, well – structured and documented training policies, orientation programmes and mentorship programmes. The study recommends that a variety of training policies and programmes should be initiated. These policies and programmes should be well documented and communicated. The study recommends that a study of the whole of the banking sector should be conducted to establish whether the results will be replicated. A longitudinal study should also be conducted to establish the relationship over time.
{"title":"Staff Development and Employee Performance in Kenya Commercial Bank in Nyeri County, Kenya","authors":"John Muthee, Phelgonah A Genga","doi":"10.35942/IJCAB.V3IIV.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35942/IJCAB.V3IIV.50","url":null,"abstract":"The study intended to investigate the effect of staff development on employee performance in KCB Bank Branches in Nyeri County. Training and staff development is very crucial in the overall performance of the employee. The performance of the employees has a direct impact on the organizational performance and competitiveness. Staff development is not cheap in short run but in the long - run is beneficial. The study intended to investigate and establish the training and development programmes at KCB Bank. The study also intended to establish the: training programmes at KCB; effect of training policies on employee performance at KCB; the influence of orientation on employee performance at KCB and the effect of mentorship towards employee performance at KCB. The study was conducted at KCB Bank Nyeri County, Kenya where there are five branches. The target population was one hundred and sixty (160 employees) consisting of three (3) different ranks of top branch management, middle level branch management and lower level branch management. The researcher conducted a census on the top level, middle level and lower level branch management with a total of 160 questionnaires distributed. A total of 119 questionnaires were duly filled and returned representing a response rate of 74%. Primary data was analyzed by use of descriptive statistics as well as inferential statistics. The findings from the study indicated that training programmes, training policies, orientation and mentorship all have a positive correlation with the employee performance. Demographic information was analyzed as well and presented in tables. The research findings indicated that the bank has a variety of training programmes, well – structured and documented training policies, orientation programmes and mentorship programmes. The study recommends that a variety of training policies and programmes should be initiated. These policies and programmes should be well documented and communicated. The study recommends that a study of the whole of the banking sector should be conducted to establish whether the results will be replicated. A longitudinal study should also be conducted to establish the relationship over time. \u0000","PeriodicalId":119984,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Aspects","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125837727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Kenya have not performed creditably well and hence have not played the expected vital and vibrant role in the economic growth and development of Kenyan economy. This situation has been of great concern to the government, citizenry, operators, practitioners and the organized private sector groups especially because many of the SMEs owners are faced with unpredictable operating environment which presents many entrepreneurs with a challenge of both growing and managing their SMEs consequently affecting SMEs performance. The study aimed at establishing operating environment effects on performance of small and micro enterprises in urban townships in West Pokot County. The specific objectives of the study included determining the influence of skills and competence, technology, legislations and competition on the performance of small and micro enterprises in urban townships in West Pokot County. The study was anchored on the theory of multi-dimensional performance, goal setting theory and Human capital theory. The target population was drawn from small and micro enterprises owners and managers in the two major townships in West Pokot County that is Kapenguria, and Chepareria Townships. The study was based on descriptive research design where the researcher used stratified random sampling techniques to sample its respondents; Questionnaires were used for the data collection. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were undertaken. Inferential statistics was used to test the extent and nature of the relationship between dependent and independent variables. The correlation results of the study found that SMEs owners/managers skills and competence, technology and competition are positively related to SMEs performance. Results further showed that legislations are negatively related to SMEs performance.SMEs owners/managers skills and competence, legislation, technology and competition were found to be significant variables in explaining SMEs performance which is illustrated by coefficient of determination(R square) of 79.4%.Based on the research findings the study concluded that SMEs owners/managers skills and competence, legislation, technology and competition has a significant relationship with SMEs performance. The study recommends that the financial institutions, NGOs, and Government agencies should work in collaboration in improving SMEs owner’s skills and competence, also technological changes awareness should be provided to the SMEs owners and managers. The Government agencies should come up with friendly policies and regulations to eliminate unhealthy competition towards the SMEs.
{"title":"Operating Environment and Performance of Small and Micro Enterprises in Urban Townships in West Pokot County, Kenya","authors":"A. Njoroge, S. Bett","doi":"10.35942/IJCAB.V3IIV.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35942/IJCAB.V3IIV.46","url":null,"abstract":"Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Kenya have not performed creditably well and hence have not played the expected vital and vibrant role in the economic growth and development of Kenyan economy. This situation has been of great concern to the government, citizenry, operators, practitioners and the organized private sector groups especially because many of the SMEs owners are faced with unpredictable operating environment which presents many entrepreneurs with a challenge of both growing and managing their SMEs consequently affecting SMEs performance. The study aimed at establishing operating environment effects on performance of small and micro enterprises in urban townships in West Pokot County. The specific objectives of the study included determining the influence of skills and competence, technology, legislations and competition on the performance of small and micro enterprises in urban townships in West Pokot County. The study was anchored on the theory of multi-dimensional performance, goal setting theory and Human capital theory. The target population was drawn from small and micro enterprises owners and managers in the two major townships in West Pokot County that is Kapenguria, and Chepareria Townships. The study was based on descriptive research design where the researcher used stratified random sampling techniques to sample its respondents; Questionnaires were used for the data collection. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were undertaken. Inferential statistics was used to test the extent and nature of the relationship between dependent and independent variables. The correlation results of the study found that SMEs owners/managers skills and competence, technology and competition are positively related to SMEs performance. Results further showed that legislations are negatively related to SMEs performance.SMEs owners/managers skills and competence, legislation, technology and competition were found to be significant variables in explaining SMEs performance which is illustrated by coefficient of determination(R square) of 79.4%.Based on the research findings the study concluded that SMEs owners/managers skills and competence, legislation, technology and competition has a significant relationship with SMEs performance. The study recommends that the financial institutions, NGOs, and Government agencies should work in collaboration in improving SMEs owner’s skills and competence, also technological changes awareness should be provided to the SMEs owners and managers. The Government agencies should come up with friendly policies and regulations to eliminate unhealthy competition towards the SMEs. ","PeriodicalId":119984,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Aspects","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131352610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although the financial system is a vital component of the socio-economic development of any nation, most Kenyans lack access to formal financial credit services. This arises due to the cause of putting up bank branches in the rural areas is deemed not economically viable. Most banks have partnered with Mobile Network Operators to help mitigate this problem by introducing the use of Mobile banking (M-banking) technology in accessing vital banking services such as financial credit. However, this effort may not attain success if the factors inhibiting the use of M-banking technology have not been assessed. The purpose of this study was to establish the effect of Mobile banking adoption on financial credit accessibility by residents in Wote sub-county. This study was necessitated by the current emerging trend of accessing financial credit through the Mobile banking system. This study adopted a technology acceptance model to establish the effects of adopting mobile banking and its application in use of banking services among residents of Wote sub-county. The study was guided by the following objectives: To establish the effect of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and perceived risk of using mobile banking technology and financial credit accessibility in Wote sub-county, Makueni county, Kenya. Descriptive research design was employed in which the study population comprised the residents of Wote sub-county. The target population of the study consisted of 137,944 mobile money users across both banked and non-banked population in Wote sub-county and the sample size comprised of 138 participants who were selected through the use of simple random sampling technique. Data was collected using a questionnaire whose reliability was established by use of Cronbach’s Alpha. All items in the questionnaire had a score of above 0.7 which was deemed to be the acceptable threshold. The questionnaires were administered through drop and pick later method. The data collected was processed and analysed using SPSS. Descriptive statistics such as percentages, frequencies, standard deviation and mean scores were used. Afterwards, the research findings were presented using frequency tables, pie charts and bar graphs. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyse and draw inferences from the research data. The results indicated that perceived usefulness of mobile banking technology perceived ease of use of mobile banking technology, and perceived risk of using mobile banking technology were statistically significant in accessing of financial credit. The intervening variable- customers’ attitude- was found to be non-significant. This study recommended that both the banks and MNO’s to continuously invest in product improvement of mobile banking systems to ensure the uptake of mobile credit is enhanced. The study also recommended that the financial service providers should engage in education and extensive customer awareness on use of mobile applications to access mo
{"title":"Mobile Banking Adoption and Financial Credit Accessibility in Wote Sub – County, Makueni County, Kenya","authors":"Nahashon Kairo Kibicho, J. Mungai","doi":"10.35942/IJCAB.V3IIV.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35942/IJCAB.V3IIV.47","url":null,"abstract":"Although the financial system is a vital component of the socio-economic development of any nation, most Kenyans lack access to formal financial credit services. This arises due to the cause of putting up bank branches in the rural areas is deemed not economically viable. Most banks have partnered with Mobile Network Operators to help mitigate this problem by introducing the use of Mobile banking (M-banking) technology in accessing vital banking services such as financial credit. However, this effort may not attain success if the factors inhibiting the use of M-banking technology have not been assessed. The purpose of this study was to establish the effect of Mobile banking adoption on financial credit accessibility by residents in Wote sub-county. This study was necessitated by the current emerging trend of accessing financial credit through the Mobile banking system. This study adopted a technology acceptance model to establish the effects of adopting mobile banking and its application in use of banking services among residents of Wote sub-county. The study was guided by the following objectives: To establish the effect of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and perceived risk of using mobile banking technology and financial credit accessibility in Wote sub-county, Makueni county, Kenya. Descriptive research design was employed in which the study population comprised the residents of Wote sub-county. The target population of the study consisted of 137,944 mobile money users across both banked and non-banked population in Wote sub-county and the sample size comprised of 138 participants who were selected through the use of simple random sampling technique. Data was collected using a questionnaire whose reliability was established by use of Cronbach’s Alpha. All items in the questionnaire had a score of above 0.7 which was deemed to be the acceptable threshold. The questionnaires were administered through drop and pick later method. The data collected was processed and analysed using SPSS. Descriptive statistics such as percentages, frequencies, standard deviation and mean scores were used. Afterwards, the research findings were presented using frequency tables, pie charts and bar graphs. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyse and draw inferences from the research data. The results indicated that perceived usefulness of mobile banking technology perceived ease of use of mobile banking technology, and perceived risk of using mobile banking technology were statistically significant in accessing of financial credit. The intervening variable- customers’ attitude- was found to be non-significant. This study recommended that both the banks and MNO’s to continuously invest in product improvement of mobile banking systems to ensure the uptake of mobile credit is enhanced. The study also recommended that the financial service providers should engage in education and extensive customer awareness on use of mobile applications to access mo","PeriodicalId":119984,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Aspects","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128349437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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