Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.2.3001
F. A. Tsopmo, Jules Marcel Keutchanga Foncha, J. Damfeu, Bernard Gaga Dadi, Abraham Kanmogne, J. Nganhou
The drying method and types of agricultural dryers used by farmers in rural West Cameroon were surveyed. These are direct solar drying (predominant). Different types of dryers are associated with each of these drying methods. These are the open-air bamboo mat dryer and the collar dryer. An analysis of the actual drying needs in rural areas and an evaluation of the means available to meet them are conducted based on a survey of farmers in rural areas. The conservation of Dioscorea Schimperiana is very difficult because of the unfavorable climatic conditions during production. The local unit of measure is the basket, which weighs between 5 and 25 kilograms. The purchase price of Dioscorea Schimperiana from the producer is higher in the rainy season. The drying time varies between 1 to 2 weeks for the bamboo dryer and 3 to 4 weeks for the necklace dryer. Laboratory determination of the dry-base moisture content of the post-drying Dioscorea Schimperiana samples collected during the surveys shows that it varies from 12.1 to 19.04 % instead of 11 % which is the recommended moisture content. The range of moisture content found shows insufficient drying.
{"title":"Investigation on the Drying of Dioscorea Schimperiana in the West Region of Cameroon","authors":"F. A. Tsopmo, Jules Marcel Keutchanga Foncha, J. Damfeu, Bernard Gaga Dadi, Abraham Kanmogne, J. Nganhou","doi":"10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.2.3001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.2.3001","url":null,"abstract":"The drying method and types of agricultural dryers used by farmers in rural West Cameroon were surveyed. These are direct solar drying (predominant). Different types of dryers are associated with each of these drying methods. These are the open-air bamboo mat dryer and the collar dryer. An analysis of the actual drying needs in rural areas and an evaluation of the means available to meet them are conducted based on a survey of farmers in rural areas. The conservation of Dioscorea Schimperiana is very difficult because of the unfavorable climatic conditions during production. The local unit of measure is the basket, which weighs between 5 and 25 kilograms. The purchase price of Dioscorea Schimperiana from the producer is higher in the rainy season. The drying time varies between 1 to 2 weeks for the bamboo dryer and 3 to 4 weeks for the necklace dryer. Laboratory determination of the dry-base moisture content of the post-drying Dioscorea Schimperiana samples collected during the surveys shows that it varies from 12.1 to 19.04 % instead of 11 % which is the recommended moisture content. The range of moisture content found shows insufficient drying.","PeriodicalId":12001,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84182177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-28DOI: 10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.2.2773
Felipe A. Guth, S. Ward, K. McDonnell
Due to complex feature abstraction and learning power, CNNs have been the most successful machine learning algorithms for image classification tasks. The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for extracting underlying complex features and recognize these patterns towards the task of detecting healthy and diseased crop plants. The generalization of these algorithms was assessed on different situations of training and testing scenarios using images from controlled lab conditions and real field environments. Results have shown that when presented with sufficient data variability in training, englobing images with similar conditions faced in testing, the deep learning architectures delivered accurate results of over 90%. In contrast, the same architectures were not able to generalize the accuracy of training towards the detection of new unseen images that were not extracted in the same settings as the ones from the training set, delivering, in this case, a general accuracy of around 50%. The deployment of practical automated support systems for disease detection depends on the provision of robust datasets for training CNNs which contemplate the spectral variability conditions found in numerous crop cultivation environments encountered in diverse field sites across the globe.
{"title":"From Lab to Field: An Empirical Study on the Generalization of Convolutional Neural Networks towards Crop Disease Detection","authors":"Felipe A. Guth, S. Ward, K. McDonnell","doi":"10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.2.2773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.2.2773","url":null,"abstract":"Due to complex feature abstraction and learning power, CNNs have been the most successful machine learning algorithms for image classification tasks. The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for extracting underlying complex features and recognize these patterns towards the task of detecting healthy and diseased crop plants. The generalization of these algorithms was assessed on different situations of training and testing scenarios using images from controlled lab conditions and real field environments. Results have shown that when presented with sufficient data variability in training, englobing images with similar conditions faced in testing, the deep learning architectures delivered accurate results of over 90%. In contrast, the same architectures were not able to generalize the accuracy of training towards the detection of new unseen images that were not extracted in the same settings as the ones from the training set, delivering, in this case, a general accuracy of around 50%. The deployment of practical automated support systems for disease detection depends on the provision of robust datasets for training CNNs which contemplate the spectral variability conditions found in numerous crop cultivation environments encountered in diverse field sites across the globe.","PeriodicalId":12001,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research","volume":"146 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73720502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-23DOI: 10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.2.3004
R. Malhas, K. Amadi
Oil spills are a very dangerous occurrence for the marine ecosystem as the marine life-form's existence gets unnecessarily threatened. Since the exploration of oil from marine resources has become a must and oil spills end up occurring accidentally, as a result, it becomes important to employ various oil spill cleanup methods. The purpose of the current work was to evaluate the oil sorption capacity of dried carbonized avocado peel (AP) waste. AP was dried under the sun and microwaved to have the activated carbon AP. In this study, batch adsorption studies were conducted to remove different oil types (Crude oil, Diesel, Kerosene, and Gas oil) from polluted seawater using AP. The effect of various important parameters, namely, mixing time, adsorbent dose, oil dose, oil types, and reusability on the oil uptake, and their optimum conditions for maximum sorption efficiency was studied. Batch studies indicated that an adsorbent dosage of 7 g, mixing time of 20 minutes under a mixing rate of 45–50 revolutions/min, 1 g of oil and provides maximum oil removal efficiency in the present study. Based on the data fit result of the adsorption; the 7 g AP at 20 min (90%) had better oil retention than the 1.5 g (66%), 3 g (77%), and 5 g (82%) AP. The results indicated that the maximum oil adsorption percentage upon increasing the adsorbent dose (1.5 g, 3 g, 5 g, and 7 g peel) was 66-90% for Crude oil, 45-68% for Diesel, 35-56% for Kerosene, and 19-45% for Gas oil at 20 min using 1 gram oil. The results revealed that sorption capacity decreased as the oil got lighter. Increasing the oil dose reduce the adsorption capacity (Crude oil 90-66%, Diesel 64-45%, Kerosene 50-39%, and Gas oil 40-12%). The oil sorption capacities of the AP sorbents reduce gradually from 90-64% after 10 cycles, with about 72%, since the oleophilic nature of the peel surface was affected during the regeneration process. The kinetic data was analyzed for all adsorbent doses. The pseudo-first order kinetic model was found to agree well with then experimental data found. The result showed that AP biosorbent followed pseudo-first order kinetics. According to the results presented, the cheap efficient AP oil spill sorbent could be developed as a potential material to be used in seawater treatment for oil removal. The avocado carbon displayed excellent adsorption properties for the simulated seawater effluents containing oil.
石油泄漏对海洋生态系统来说是一件非常危险的事情，因为海洋生物的生存受到了不必要的威胁。由于海洋资源的石油勘探已经成为一种必须，而石油泄漏也会意外发生，因此采用各种溢油清理方法变得很重要。本研究的目的是评价干燥的牛油果果皮(AP)废物的吸油性能。将AP在阳光下晒干，微波处理后得到活性炭AP。本研究采用AP对污染海水中不同油类(原油、柴油、煤油和汽油)进行了批量吸附研究，研究了混合时间、吸附剂剂量、油的剂量、油的类型和可重复使用性等重要参数对吸收率的影响，并研究了它们的最佳吸附条件。批量研究表明，吸附剂用量为7 g，混合时间为20分钟，混合速率为45-50转/分钟，1 g油，在本研究中具有最大的除油效率。根据吸附的数据拟合结果;7 g AP在20 min(90%)的留油效果优于1.5 g(66%)、3 g(77%)和5 g(82%)的留油效果。结果表明，1 g AP在20 min时，增加吸附剂剂量(1.5 g、3 g、5 g和7 g)，原油的最大吸油率为66-90%，柴油为45-68%，煤油为35-56%，汽油为19-45%。结果表明，随着油的变轻，吸附量减小。增加油量会降低吸附量(原油90-66%，柴油64-45%，煤油50-39%，汽油40-12%)。经过10次循环后，AP吸附剂的吸油能力逐渐下降，从90-64%下降到72%左右，这是由于再生过程中影响了果皮表面的亲油性。对各吸附剂剂量的动力学数据进行了分析。伪一级动力学模型与实验数据吻合较好。结果表明，AP生物吸附剂符合准一级动力学。结果表明，廉价高效的AP溢油吸附剂可作为一种有潜力的材料用于海水处理除油。牛油果炭对含油模拟海水出水表现出良好的吸附性能。
{"title":"Oil Removal from Polluted Seawater using Carbon Avocado Peel as Bio-Absorbent","authors":"R. Malhas, K. Amadi","doi":"10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.2.3004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.2.3004","url":null,"abstract":"Oil spills are a very dangerous occurrence for the marine ecosystem as the marine life-form's existence gets unnecessarily threatened. Since the exploration of oil from marine resources has become a must and oil spills end up occurring accidentally, as a result, it becomes important to employ various oil spill cleanup methods. The purpose of the current work was to evaluate the oil sorption capacity of dried carbonized avocado peel (AP) waste. AP was dried under the sun and microwaved to have the activated carbon AP. In this study, batch adsorption studies were conducted to remove different oil types (Crude oil, Diesel, Kerosene, and Gas oil) from polluted seawater using AP. The effect of various important parameters, namely, mixing time, adsorbent dose, oil dose, oil types, and reusability on the oil uptake, and their optimum conditions for maximum sorption efficiency was studied. Batch studies indicated that an adsorbent dosage of 7 g, mixing time of 20 minutes under a mixing rate of 45–50 revolutions/min, 1 g of oil and provides maximum oil removal efficiency in the present study. Based on the data fit result of the adsorption; the 7 g AP at 20 min (90%) had better oil retention than the 1.5 g (66%), 3 g (77%), and 5 g (82%) AP. The results indicated that the maximum oil adsorption percentage upon increasing the adsorbent dose (1.5 g, 3 g, 5 g, and 7 g peel) was 66-90% for Crude oil, 45-68% for Diesel, 35-56% for Kerosene, and 19-45% for Gas oil at 20 min using 1 gram oil. The results revealed that sorption capacity decreased as the oil got lighter. Increasing the oil dose reduce the adsorption capacity (Crude oil 90-66%, Diesel 64-45%, Kerosene 50-39%, and Gas oil 40-12%). The oil sorption capacities of the AP sorbents reduce gradually from 90-64% after 10 cycles, with about 72%, since the oleophilic nature of the peel surface was affected during the regeneration process. The kinetic data was analyzed for all adsorbent doses. The pseudo-first order kinetic model was found to agree well with then experimental data found. The result showed that AP biosorbent followed pseudo-first order kinetics. According to the results presented, the cheap efficient AP oil spill sorbent could be developed as a potential material to be used in seawater treatment for oil removal. The avocado carbon displayed excellent adsorption properties for the simulated seawater effluents containing oil.","PeriodicalId":12001,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84962713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.2.2991
M. S. Rahman, Heon-Ju Lee, M. A. Uddin, I. M. Rizwanul Fattah, Md. Shafiqul Islam
Nanostructured Al thin film with higher optical transmittance and electrical conductivity has intensive applications in solar cells and optical and microelectronic devices. This experimental-based research study has optimized the DC magnetron sputtering deposition parameters (sputtering power, sputtering current, voltage, and working gas pressure) for Al thin film deposition to obtain the highest optical transmittance and lower sheet resistance. Optical transmittance, surface roughness, film thickness, sheet resistance, grain size, and surface morphology were characterized using UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy, surface profiler, spectroscopic ellipsometry, four-point probe, and FE-SEM, respectively to determine the effects of sputtering process parameters on Al films’ different properties. Experimental investigations reveal that electrical conductivity, surface roughness, grain size, and deposition rate increase with increasing of sputtering power at certain working gas pressure. At the optimized condition (sputtering power 80 W, working gas pressure 5 mTorr, deposition time 5 min and ambient temperature), the relatively higher optical transmittance in visible region 96%, moderate sheet resistance 0.196 ohm/square and lowest average surface roughness 2.86 nm were obtained for Al thin film. After all, this research study will help to understand the best Al film deposition parameters in terms of optical transmittance and electrical conductivity for future research and industrial applications.
{"title":"Synthesis of Al Thin Films with High Optical Transmittance by DC Magnetron Sputtering Process Parameter Optimization","authors":"M. S. Rahman, Heon-Ju Lee, M. A. Uddin, I. M. Rizwanul Fattah, Md. Shafiqul Islam","doi":"10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.2.2991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.2.2991","url":null,"abstract":"Nanostructured Al thin film with higher optical transmittance and electrical conductivity has intensive applications in solar cells and optical and microelectronic devices. This experimental-based research study has optimized the DC magnetron sputtering deposition parameters (sputtering power, sputtering current, voltage, and working gas pressure) for Al thin film deposition to obtain the highest optical transmittance and lower sheet resistance. Optical transmittance, surface roughness, film thickness, sheet resistance, grain size, and surface morphology were characterized using UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy, surface profiler, spectroscopic ellipsometry, four-point probe, and FE-SEM, respectively to determine the effects of sputtering process parameters on Al films’ different properties. Experimental investigations reveal that electrical conductivity, surface roughness, grain size, and deposition rate increase with increasing of sputtering power at certain working gas pressure. At the optimized condition (sputtering power 80 W, working gas pressure 5 mTorr, deposition time 5 min and ambient temperature), the relatively higher optical transmittance in visible region 96%, moderate sheet resistance 0.196 ohm/square and lowest average surface roughness 2.86 nm were obtained for Al thin film. After all, this research study will help to understand the best Al film deposition parameters in terms of optical transmittance and electrical conductivity for future research and industrial applications.","PeriodicalId":12001,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research","volume":"24 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77998871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-15DOI: 10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.2.2967
Zia Razzaq, Faridoon Z. Razzaq
A theoretical study of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) beams subjected to biaxial bending moments is presented with a focus on the influence of higher-order effects on maximum normal stresses. It is shown that the biaxial bending type of loading causes a dramatic increase in the maximum normal stress for a GFRP beam when induced torsional effects are included. The study demonstrates that the traditional first-order theory can grossly underestimate the maximum normal stress in a GFRP beam. Based on the numerical results presented using a higher-order theory which also accounts for induced warping normal stresses, the maximum normal stress is found to be about two to three times larger than that determined using the first-order theory.
{"title":"Higher-Order Effects in Biaxial Flexure of GFRP I-Section Beams","authors":"Zia Razzaq, Faridoon Z. Razzaq","doi":"10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.2.2967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.2.2967","url":null,"abstract":"A theoretical study of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) beams subjected to biaxial bending moments is presented with a focus on the influence of higher-order effects on maximum normal stresses. It is shown that the biaxial bending type of loading causes a dramatic increase in the maximum normal stress for a GFRP beam when induced torsional effects are included. The study demonstrates that the traditional first-order theory can grossly underestimate the maximum normal stress in a GFRP beam. Based on the numerical results presented using a higher-order theory which also accounts for induced warping normal stresses, the maximum normal stress is found to be about two to three times larger than that determined using the first-order theory.","PeriodicalId":12001,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85542944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-14DOI: 10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.2.3010
John Vourdoubas
Floating solar photovoltaics in water bodies is a novel clean energy technology which has been developed rapidly during the last decade. The current work investigates the possibility and the potential of installing floating photovoltaic systems in the existing hydropower plants in Greece. Studies related with the use of floating photovoltaics in water reservoirs in Greece are limited so far. The characteristics of the existing 24 hydropower plants in Greece have been used for the estimation of the solar photovoltaic systems which can be installed in their water reservoirs. It has been found that the nominal power of these solar energy systems which can be installed in their water reservoirs, covering 10% of their water surface, is at 3,861 MWp while the annual generated electricity at 5,212.35 GWh corresponding at 10.04 % of the annual electricity demand in the country. The capacity factor of the integrated solar and hydro power systems is increased by more than 20%. The research indicates that the existing hydropower plants in Greece can host, in their water dams, floating photovoltaic systems generating significant amounts of green electricity while they also result in many environmental benefits. These novel solar energy systems can contribute, together with other benign energy technologies, in the achievement of the national and EU target for net zero carbon emissions by 2050.
{"title":"Integration of Floating Solar Photovoltaic Systems with Hydropower Plants in Greece","authors":"John Vourdoubas","doi":"10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.2.3010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.2.3010","url":null,"abstract":"Floating solar photovoltaics in water bodies is a novel clean energy technology which has been developed rapidly during the last decade. The current work investigates the possibility and the potential of installing floating photovoltaic systems in the existing hydropower plants in Greece. Studies related with the use of floating photovoltaics in water reservoirs in Greece are limited so far. The characteristics of the existing 24 hydropower plants in Greece have been used for the estimation of the solar photovoltaic systems which can be installed in their water reservoirs. It has been found that the nominal power of these solar energy systems which can be installed in their water reservoirs, covering 10% of their water surface, is at 3,861 MWp while the annual generated electricity at 5,212.35 GWh corresponding at 10.04 % of the annual electricity demand in the country. The capacity factor of the integrated solar and hydro power systems is increased by more than 20%. The research indicates that the existing hydropower plants in Greece can host, in their water dams, floating photovoltaic systems generating significant amounts of green electricity while they also result in many environmental benefits. These novel solar energy systems can contribute, together with other benign energy technologies, in the achievement of the national and EU target for net zero carbon emissions by 2050.","PeriodicalId":12001,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research","volume":"127 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82954639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-14DOI: 10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.2.2968
Ali Al Aloosi, Zia Razzaq
Presented in this paper is the outcome of an experimental investigation of the elastoplastic quasi-static and impact load response of a steel sub-assemblage constructed using a pair of hollow square section members with or without Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) strips. The sub-assemblage consists of a long structural member welded to a short member, thus representing a typical combination of a column and a beam on the face of a multi-story steel building frame. The column is subjected to a lateral quasi-static or impact load. Tests are conducted on four separate steel sub-assemblages. The first two tests are conducted with a gradually increasing flexural load applied at the midspan of the column up to the collapse condition without and with CFRP strips, respectively. Additional two tests are performed with a flexural impact load applied at midspan of the column also both without and with CFRP strips, respectively. The results of the study show that CFRP strips substantially increase the quasi-static collapse load of the sub-assemblage. However, when subjected to an impact load, the steel structure sub-assemblage with CFRP strips developed smaller strains in comparison with those without the CFRP strips. The post-impact time-dependent strains also became considerably smaller for the sub-assemblage with CFRP strips.
{"title":"Elastoplastic Quasi-Static and Impact Load Response of Steel Structure Sub-Assemblage with CFRP Strips","authors":"Ali Al Aloosi, Zia Razzaq","doi":"10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.2.2968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.2.2968","url":null,"abstract":"Presented in this paper is the outcome of an experimental investigation of the elastoplastic quasi-static and impact load response of a steel sub-assemblage constructed using a pair of hollow square section members with or without Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) strips. The sub-assemblage consists of a long structural member welded to a short member, thus representing a typical combination of a column and a beam on the face of a multi-story steel building frame. The column is subjected to a lateral quasi-static or impact load. Tests are conducted on four separate steel sub-assemblages. The first two tests are conducted with a gradually increasing flexural load applied at the midspan of the column up to the collapse condition without and with CFRP strips, respectively. Additional two tests are performed with a flexural impact load applied at midspan of the column also both without and with CFRP strips, respectively. The results of the study show that CFRP strips substantially increase the quasi-static collapse load of the sub-assemblage. However, when subjected to an impact load, the steel structure sub-assemblage with CFRP strips developed smaller strains in comparison with those without the CFRP strips. The post-impact time-dependent strains also became considerably smaller for the sub-assemblage with CFRP strips.","PeriodicalId":12001,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research","volume":"33 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91431743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-02DOI: 10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.2.2969
Emmanuel A. Sarsah, Adams Yunus, Abdul-Rahim Bawa, J. A. Akanbasiam
Monthly average daily global solar radiation data are essential for the design and study of solar energy systems. The performance and accuracy of eleven models for the estimation of monthly average global solar radiation were compared in this study. Nineteen months (Nov 2020 – May 2022) ground measurement data consisting of monthly mean daily sunshine duration, relative humidity, minimum and maximum temperatures, and global solar radiation collected from the Lawra Solar Plant were used. The models were compared using statistical indices. According to the indices, most of the models were in reasonably good agreement with the measured data. Two model equations, however, were found to have the highest accuracy and can thus be used to estimate monthly average global solar radiation in Lawra and other places with similar climatic conditions where radiation data is unavailable.
{"title":"Comparative Study of Solar Radiation Models for the Estimation of Solar Radiation Using Short-Term Meteorological Data in Lawra, Ghana","authors":"Emmanuel A. Sarsah, Adams Yunus, Abdul-Rahim Bawa, J. A. Akanbasiam","doi":"10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.2.2969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.2.2969","url":null,"abstract":"Monthly average daily global solar radiation data are essential for the design and study of solar energy systems. The performance and accuracy of eleven models for the estimation of monthly average global solar radiation were compared in this study. Nineteen months (Nov 2020 – May 2022) ground measurement data consisting of monthly mean daily sunshine duration, relative humidity, minimum and maximum temperatures, and global solar radiation collected from the Lawra Solar Plant were used. The models were compared using statistical indices. According to the indices, most of the models were in reasonably good agreement with the measured data. Two model equations, however, were found to have the highest accuracy and can thus be used to estimate monthly average global solar radiation in Lawra and other places with similar climatic conditions where radiation data is unavailable.","PeriodicalId":12001,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research","volume":"8 11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89675008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-23DOI: 10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.1.2975
A. Sunnu, Abdul-Rahim Bawa, Adams Yunus, Emmanuel A. Sarsah, J. A. Akanbasiam, Philemon K. Mensah
In this study, simple and multiple regression models were developed to estimate the monthly average daily global solar radiation in Lawra, Ghana using ground measurement of global horizontal irradiance (Nov 2020–May 2022) and typical meteorological year (TMY) data (Jan 2017–Dec 2019). Various predictor variables such as sunshine ratio, minimum relative humidity and maximum relative humidity ratio, minimum and maximum temperature ratio, etc. were correlated from the TMY data. Many model equations were developed with the variables ranging from one to eight. The best model from each category was chosen and compared using statistical indices to determine the overall best model. We used the JMP statistical software’s ‘All Possible Models’ functionality to select the best model from each category. The selected models where then compared using the adjusted R-squared, mean absolute percentage error, and the root mean square error statistical indices. The best model equation correlated with eight independent variables with adjusted R-squared of 0.99. The equation can be used to estimate monthly global solar radiation in Lawra and in locations with similar climatic conditions where ground measurement of radiation data is unavailable but have access to the National Solar Radiation Database’s (NSRDB) TMY data.
{"title":"Empirical Model for Estimating Measured Monthly Average Global Solar Radiation in Lawra using TMY Data","authors":"A. Sunnu, Abdul-Rahim Bawa, Adams Yunus, Emmanuel A. Sarsah, J. A. Akanbasiam, Philemon K. Mensah","doi":"10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.1.2975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.1.2975","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, simple and multiple regression models were developed to estimate the monthly average daily global solar radiation in Lawra, Ghana using ground measurement of global horizontal irradiance (Nov 2020–May 2022) and typical meteorological year (TMY) data (Jan 2017–Dec 2019). Various predictor variables such as sunshine ratio, minimum relative humidity and maximum relative humidity ratio, minimum and maximum temperature ratio, etc. were correlated from the TMY data. Many model equations were developed with the variables ranging from one to eight. The best model from each category was chosen and compared using statistical indices to determine the overall best model. We used the JMP statistical software’s ‘All Possible Models’ functionality to select the best model from each category. The selected models where then compared using the adjusted R-squared, mean absolute percentage error, and the root mean square error statistical indices. The best model equation correlated with eight independent variables with adjusted R-squared of 0.99. The equation can be used to estimate monthly global solar radiation in Lawra and in locations with similar climatic conditions where ground measurement of radiation data is unavailable but have access to the National Solar Radiation Database’s (NSRDB) TMY data.","PeriodicalId":12001,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82835799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-17DOI: 10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.1.2966
T. Illia, Tretyakov Alexey, Wald František
This study proposes an analytical model for the evaluation of the mechanical behaviour of circular hollow section columns infilled with steel fibre-reinforced concrete when exposed to elevated temperatures in a fire situation. This work includes the discussion of the results from a sensitivity analysis conducted through numerical simulation and the development of an analytical model based on the prEN1994-1-2:2021 European standard for the design of reinforced concrete structures exposed to fire. The sensitivity analysis aims to compare the fire resistance of centrally and eccentrically loaded circular hollow section columns infilled with plain and steel fibre-reinforced concrete. The proposed analytical model for determining the design buckling load of composite steel fibre-reinforced concrete-filled tube columns in a ?re situation is ready to serve as an annexe or supplementary technical document to the EN1994-1-2:202x standard.
{"title":"Analytical Model for Steel Fibre-Reinforced Concrete-Filled Tubular Columns Exposed to Fire","authors":"T. Illia, Tretyakov Alexey, Wald František","doi":"10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.1.2966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.1.2966","url":null,"abstract":"This study proposes an analytical model for the evaluation of the mechanical behaviour of circular hollow section columns infilled with steel fibre-reinforced concrete when exposed to elevated temperatures in a fire situation. This work includes the discussion of the results from a sensitivity analysis conducted through numerical simulation and the development of an analytical model based on the prEN1994-1-2:2021 European standard for the design of reinforced concrete structures exposed to fire. The sensitivity analysis aims to compare the fire resistance of centrally and eccentrically loaded circular hollow section columns infilled with plain and steel fibre-reinforced concrete. The proposed analytical model for determining the design buckling load of composite steel fibre-reinforced concrete-filled tube columns in a ?re situation is ready to serve as an annexe or supplementary technical document to the EN1994-1-2:202x standard.","PeriodicalId":12001,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83281422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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