Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2025.112628
Tinghui Yin , Yifei Leng , Bowen Zheng , Jinfen Wang, Lei Tan, Yuting He, Yufan Lian, Yanping Ma, Ge Tong, Xiuling Chen, Tao Wu, Jie Ren
Objectives
To determine the clinical values of contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) at the first follow-up for predicting retreatment in benign thyroid nodules (BTNs) after thermal ablation (TA).
Materials and methods
A total of 176 BTNs from 155 patients who underwent TA with a median follow-up period of 32.5 months (range 7 to 83 months) were enrolled in this study. Initial ablation ratio (IAR) and CEUS base IAR (CIAR) was calculated by conventional US and CEUS at 1-month after TA. The predicting performances for retreatment of quantitative and qualitative CEUS at 1-month after TA were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.
Results
The median final volume reduction rate (VRR) of all nodules was 96.9% (range 31.4% to 100%). The areas under curves (AUCs) of quantitative and qualitative CEUS at 1-month for nodular retreatment were 0.986 and 0.981. Correspondingly, the sensitivity, negative predictive value (NPV) and negative likelihood ratio (LR) were 100%, 100% and 0 for both quantitative and qualitative CEUS.
Conclusion
CEUS at 1-month is a feasible predictor for nodular retreatment after BTNs TA. According to our results, CEUS is recommended as routine at the first follow-up for BTNs underwent TA.
{"title":"Contrast enhanced ultrasound at first month: A feasible predictor for retreatment after benign thyroid nodule thermal ablation","authors":"Tinghui Yin , Yifei Leng , Bowen Zheng , Jinfen Wang, Lei Tan, Yuting He, Yufan Lian, Yanping Ma, Ge Tong, Xiuling Chen, Tao Wu, Jie Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.ejrad.2025.112628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejrad.2025.112628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To determine the clinical values of contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) at the first follow-up for predicting retreatment in benign thyroid nodules (BTNs) after thermal ablation (TA).</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A total of 176 BTNs from 155 patients who underwent TA with a median follow-up period of 32.5 months (range 7 to 83 months) were enrolled in this study. Initial ablation ratio (IAR) and CEUS base IAR (CIAR) was calculated by conventional US and CEUS at 1-month after TA. The predicting performances for retreatment of quantitative and qualitative CEUS at 1-month after TA were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The median final volume reduction rate (VRR) of all nodules was 96.9% (range 31.4% to 100%). The areas under curves (AUCs) of quantitative and qualitative CEUS at 1-month for nodular retreatment were 0.986 and 0.981. Correspondingly, the sensitivity, negative predictive value (NPV) and negative likelihood ratio (LR) were 100%, 100% and 0 for both quantitative and qualitative CEUS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>CEUS at 1-month is a feasible predictor for nodular retreatment after BTNs TA. According to our results, CEUS is recommended as routine at the first follow-up for BTNs underwent TA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12063,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Radiology","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 112628"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145916531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
IF 3.3 3区 医学Q1 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2025.112632
Kecheng Yuan , Qingyun Liu , Weijie Zheng , Xiaoqiong Tang , Chuang Zhang , Jiantai Zhou , Penghui Luo , Fulang Qi , Lin Chen , Bensheng Qiu
Purpose
To investigate age-related compositional changes in the infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) using chemical shift-encoded MRI-derived proton density fat fraction (PDFF) and T2* at 1.5 T, and to evaluate their associations with clinical symptoms and structural abnormalities.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was performed in 100 adults (mean age: 44 ± 14 years; 54 men, 46 women) who underwent 1.5 T MRI using a six-echo spoiled gradient-echo sequence for quantitative assessment of PDFF and T2* in the IFP. Clinical symptoms were assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and structural abnormalities were evaluated using the Whole-Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score (WORMS). Spearman correlation and mediation analyses were performed.
Results
Age showed a strong negative correlation with IFP PDFF (r = − 0.46, p < 0.001) and a moderate inverse association with T2* (r = − 0.30, p = 0.003). Lower PDFF was associated with worse WOMAC pain (r = − 0.33, p = 0.001) and WORMS scores (r = − 0.41, p < 0.001). The mediation analysis revealed a significant indirect pathway linking age to both pain (ACME = 0.19, 95 % CI: 0.02–0.38) and WORMS scores (ACME = 0.24, 95 % CI: 0.06–0.45) through PDFF. In contrast, the indirect pathway through T2* was weaker and less precise (ACME = 0.12, 95 % CI: 0.01–0.28).
Conclusions
PDFF and T2* reflect age-related compositional and microstructural changes in the IFP, with PDFF demonstrating stronger associations with clinical symptoms and joint degeneration. These findings indicate PDFF as a superior imaging biomarker for early detection, monitoring, and potential therapeutic targeting in age-related musculoskeletal degeneration.
目的：利用化学位移编码mri衍生质子密度脂肪分数（PDFF）和T2*在1.5 T时研究年龄相关的髌下脂肪垫（IFP）组成变化，并评估其与临床症状和结构异常的关系。方法：对100名成年人（平均年龄：44±14岁；男性54名，女性46名）进行横断面研究，这些成年人接受1.5 T MRI检查，使用六回波破坏梯度回波序列定量评估IFP中的PDFF和T2*。临床症状采用西安大略和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数（WOMAC）进行评估，结构异常采用全器官磁共振成像评分（WORMS）进行评估。进行Spearman相关分析和中介分析。结果：年龄与IFP PDFF呈显著负相关(r = - 0.46, p 2* (r = - 0.30, p = 0.003)。较低的PDFF与较差的WOMAC疼痛（r = - 0.33, p = 0.001）和WORMS评分(r = - 0.41， p 2*较弱且较不精确（ACME = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.01-0.28）相关。结论：PDFF和T2*反映了IFP中与年龄相关的组成和微观结构变化，其中PDFF与临床症状和关节退变有更强的相关性。这些发现表明PDFF是一种优越的成像生物标志物，可用于年龄相关性肌肉骨骼变性的早期检测、监测和潜在的治疗靶点。
{"title":"Evaluation of Age-Related compositional changes in the infrapatellar fat pad using MRI-Derived PDFF and T2* at 1.5 T","authors":"Kecheng Yuan , Qingyun Liu , Weijie Zheng , Xiaoqiong Tang , Chuang Zhang , Jiantai Zhou , Penghui Luo , Fulang Qi , Lin Chen , Bensheng Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.ejrad.2025.112632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejrad.2025.112632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To investigate age-related compositional changes in the infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) using chemical shift-encoded MRI-derived proton density fat fraction (PDFF) and T<sub>2</sub>* at 1.5 T, and to evaluate their associations with clinical symptoms and structural abnormalities.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was performed in 100 adults (mean age: 44 ± 14 years; 54 men, 46 women) who underwent 1.5 T MRI using a six-echo spoiled gradient-echo sequence for quantitative assessment of PDFF and T<sub>2</sub>* in the IFP. Clinical symptoms were assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and structural abnormalities were evaluated using the Whole-Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score (WORMS). Spearman correlation and mediation analyses were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Age showed a strong negative correlation with IFP PDFF (r = − 0.46, p < 0.001) and a moderate inverse association with T<sub>2</sub>* (r = − 0.30, p = 0.003). Lower PDFF was associated with worse WOMAC pain (r = − 0.33, p = 0.001) and WORMS scores (r = − 0.41, p < 0.001). The mediation analysis revealed a significant indirect pathway linking age to both pain (ACME = 0.19, 95 % CI: 0.02–0.38) and WORMS scores (ACME = 0.24, 95 % CI: 0.06–0.45) through PDFF. In contrast, the indirect pathway through T<sub>2</sub>* was weaker and less precise (ACME = 0.12, 95 % CI: 0.01–0.28).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>PDFF and T<sub>2</sub>* reflect age-related compositional and microstructural changes in the IFP, with PDFF demonstrating stronger associations with clinical symptoms and joint degeneration. These findings indicate PDFF as a superior imaging biomarker for early detection, monitoring, and potential therapeutic targeting in age-related musculoskeletal degeneration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12063,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Radiology","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 112632"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145959128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
IF 3.3 3区 医学Q1 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2025.112652
Sara Marziali , Andrea Cozzi , Veronica Magni , Laura Menicagli , Adrienn Benedek , Andrea Cisarri , Alessandra Marrocco , Giuseppe Di Giulio , Francesco Sardanelli
Objectives
To evaluate the performance of contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) for the assessment of screening recalls at ≥ 3-year follow-up.
Materials and methods
Women recalled after screening mammography at two Italian centers were prospectively enrolled to undergo CEM alongside standard assessment (SA) through additional views, tomosynthesis, and/or ultrasound. SA and CEM were independently evaluated, recommending biopsy or referral to a subsequent screening round. Per-breast diagnostic performance of CEM (low-energy plus recombined images) was calculated by taking histopathology and/or ≥ 3-year follow-up as the reference standard.
Results
Of the original 414 breasts (from 207 women), 393 (from 198 women) had available biopsy or follow-up data for the purposes of this analysis, being negative either at the original biopsy or at follow-up (316/393, 80.4%), or having a malignant finding at the original biopsy (74/393, 18.8%), or an interval cancer during follow-up (3/393, 0.8%, two at 1-year, one at 3-year). These interval cancers were 1 DCIS, two node-negative invasive (one 5-mm mixed no special type/lobular; one 6-mm mucinous). Per-breast analysis of the 393 breasts yielded a 96.1% sensitivity (74/77, 95% confidence interval 89.3–98.8%), 94.9% specificity (300/316, 92.0–96.9%), 95.2% accuracy (374/393, 92.6–97.1%), 82.2% positive predictive value (74/90, 73.2–88.8%), 99.0% negative predictive value (300/303, 97.2–99.7%).
Conclusions
In a cohort of women undergoing screening recall with CEM, when considering ≥ 3-year follow-up, per-breast sensitivity was about 96 %, specificity 95 %, negative predictive value 99 %.
{"title":"CEM in women prospectively assessed for screening recalls: Per-breast diagnostic performance with 3-year or longer follow-up","authors":"Sara Marziali , Andrea Cozzi , Veronica Magni , Laura Menicagli , Adrienn Benedek , Andrea Cisarri , Alessandra Marrocco , Giuseppe Di Giulio , Francesco Sardanelli","doi":"10.1016/j.ejrad.2025.112652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejrad.2025.112652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate the performance of contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) for the assessment of screening recalls at ≥ 3-year follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Women recalled after screening mammography at two Italian centers were prospectively enrolled to undergo CEM alongside standard assessment (SA) through additional views, tomosynthesis, and/or ultrasound. SA and CEM were independently evaluated, recommending biopsy or referral to a subsequent screening round. Per-breast diagnostic performance of CEM (low-energy plus recombined images) was calculated by taking histopathology and/or ≥ 3-year follow-up as the reference standard.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the original 414 breasts (from 207 women), 393 (from 198 women) had available biopsy or follow-up data for the purposes of this analysis, being negative either at the original biopsy or at follow-up (316/393, 80.4%), or having a malignant finding at the original biopsy (74/393, 18.8%), or an interval cancer during follow-up (3/393, 0.8%, two at 1-year, one at 3-year). These interval cancers were 1 DCIS, two node-negative invasive (one 5-mm mixed no special type/lobular; one 6-mm mucinous). Per-breast analysis of the 393 breasts yielded a 96.1% sensitivity (74/77, 95% confidence interval 89.3–98.8%)<strong>,</strong> 94.9% specificity (300/316, 92.0–96.9%)<strong>,</strong> 95.2% accuracy (374/393, 92.6–97.1%)<strong>,</strong> 82.2% positive predictive value (74/90, 73.2–88.8%)<strong>,</strong> 99.0% negative predictive value (300/303, 97.2–99.7%)<strong>.</strong></div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In a cohort of women undergoing screening recall with CEM, when considering ≥ 3-year follow-up, per-breast sensitivity was about 96 %, specificity 95 %, negative predictive value 99 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12063,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Radiology","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 112652"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145917375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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