Pub Date : 2020-01-23DOI: 10.11113/umran2020.6n3-2.424
Mohamad Anas Mohamad Yaakub, S. N. Rahman, Ahmad Marzuki Mohamad
Sustainability illustrates something with the tendency to maintain one's existing quality. To guarantee the sustainability of the world, nature, stays in a good condition, the attitude of the people of earth is very related. To achieve the sustainability of the earth and nation, positive and active engagement from the smallest community unit, which is family, is very important. Ideally, families are the first teachers for children. The family or parents are their role models. They give the greatest impact for the growth of personality, attitude, value, characteristic and skills for the young generation. The family unit are the main source in understanding and giving understandings one's meaning and philosophy. Then, this concept paper will highlight the concept of sustainability in general and the sustainability concept from the Islamic perspective as well as the relationship between the family unit behaviour in guaranteeing a life where a family with harmony and sustainability could give an impact to the universal well-being.
{"title":"Tingkahlaku dan Peranan Institusi Keluarga Dalam Membantu Ekonomi Dan Masyarakat Lestari (Behaviour and the Role of Family Institutions in Assisting the Economy And Sustainable Society)","authors":"Mohamad Anas Mohamad Yaakub, S. N. Rahman, Ahmad Marzuki Mohamad","doi":"10.11113/umran2020.6n3-2.424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/umran2020.6n3-2.424","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainability illustrates something with the tendency to maintain one's existing quality. To guarantee the sustainability of the world, nature, stays in a good condition, the attitude of the people of earth is very related. To achieve the sustainability of the earth and nation, positive and active engagement from the smallest community unit, which is family, is very important. Ideally, families are the first teachers for children. The family or parents are their role models. They give the greatest impact for the growth of personality, attitude, value, characteristic and skills for the young generation. The family unit are the main source in understanding and giving understandings one's meaning and philosophy. Then, this concept paper will highlight the concept of sustainability in general and the sustainability concept from the Islamic perspective as well as the relationship between the family unit behaviour in guaranteeing a life where a family with harmony and sustainability could give an impact to the universal well-being.","PeriodicalId":121146,"journal":{"name":"UMRAN - International Journal of Islamic and Civilizational Studies","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128478394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-23DOI: 10.11113/umran2020.6n3-2.422
Siti Noor Fauziah Abd Rahim, Hanisah Abdul Rahman, Farahwahida Mohd Yusof
This study analyzes the challenges and future of transgender issues in Malaysia as well as the views of Islam and Science to find solutions in addressing this issue. Transgender is a sense of personal identity and gender that contradict birth sex, with or without genital conversion. Unlike sexual orientation, transgender people are not necessarily homosexual but may bisexual or heterosexual. Many factors have contributed to these situations and there is also a dispute over the issue. In Malaysia, Islam and Christianity banned sex conversion meanwhile other religions accepted it. This study applies a qualitative measure through primary and secondary sources and found out that the challenges and the future of transgender are an important agenda of finding the solutions. The problem is studied from the perspective of employment, health, family, religion, self-identity, and community structure. However, human rights, psychological health and the unclear Malaysian law are challenges in addressing this issue. From the Science point, there are still many debates and ambiguities in research to prove transgender. While from the point of Islam that serves as a guide to life, these groups alter Allah's creation which is forbidden in Islam. Therefore, this study feels that this issue needs to be addressed and solved promptly. Improvements to existing laws without neglecting a humanitarian recovery are one of the earliest possible actions.
{"title":"Transgender Di Malaysia (Transgender In Malaysia)","authors":"Siti Noor Fauziah Abd Rahim, Hanisah Abdul Rahman, Farahwahida Mohd Yusof","doi":"10.11113/umran2020.6n3-2.422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/umran2020.6n3-2.422","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzes the challenges and future of transgender issues in Malaysia as well as the views of Islam and Science to find solutions in addressing this issue. Transgender is a sense of personal identity and gender that contradict birth sex, with or without genital conversion. Unlike sexual orientation, transgender people are not necessarily homosexual but may bisexual or heterosexual. Many factors have contributed to these situations and there is also a dispute over the issue. In Malaysia, Islam and Christianity banned sex conversion meanwhile other religions accepted it. This study applies a qualitative measure through primary and secondary sources and found out that the challenges and the future of transgender are an important agenda of finding the solutions. The problem is studied from the perspective of employment, health, family, religion, self-identity, and community structure. However, human rights, psychological health and the unclear Malaysian law are challenges in addressing this issue. From the Science point, there are still many debates and ambiguities in research to prove transgender. While from the point of Islam that serves as a guide to life, these groups alter Allah's creation which is forbidden in Islam. Therefore, this study feels that this issue needs to be addressed and solved promptly. Improvements to existing laws without neglecting a humanitarian recovery are one of the earliest possible actions.","PeriodicalId":121146,"journal":{"name":"UMRAN - International Journal of Islamic and Civilizational Studies","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114889660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-21DOI: 10.11113/umran2019.6n3.342
Duaa Mohammed Alashari, Abdul-Rahman Hamzah, Nurazmallail Marni
The Islamic art has developed from different kind of visual art. Arabic calligraphy is one of the most prominent arts starting from the revolution of the Quran and has a long history. This paper will help to provide some sources of information that can be used by people who would like to understand and study the Islamic calligraphy and Islamic art. Also, this paper is connecting the Arabic language to universal spirituality and express how Arabic calligraphy has become a prominent feature in Islamic world. Indeed, this paper provides a brief of the long history of Islamic calligraphy, explains about some of various of Arabic fonts style, and some important Quranic colour that has significant in the Islamic culture. Arabic calligraphy, which is also known as Islamic calligraphy, has a long history of development starting from the first written form of the Quran, in the early 7th century. The Arabic calligraphy art presents how to understand and appreciate its varied styles and modes. Calligraphers start creating their art by using some passages from the Quran or Arabic poems as a starting point then they develop their compositions in a complex and intricate piece of art by the overlap of Arabic letter and words that integrate. Arabic calligraphy is about movement, rhythm and dynamism as seen through the calligraphic marks in most mosques or Islamic building or Islamic calligraphy painting. Islamic calligraphy presents the aspect of aesthetic principles and demonstrate the love for Arabic language and culture with the aesthetic methods of traditional Arabic art.
{"title":"Islamic Art and Language as a Source of Inspiration Leading to Traditional Arabic Calligraphy Art","authors":"Duaa Mohammed Alashari, Abdul-Rahman Hamzah, Nurazmallail Marni","doi":"10.11113/umran2019.6n3.342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/umran2019.6n3.342","url":null,"abstract":"The Islamic art has developed from different kind of visual art. Arabic calligraphy is one of the most prominent arts starting from the revolution of the Quran and has a long history. This paper will help to provide some sources of information that can be used by people who would like to understand and study the Islamic calligraphy and Islamic art. Also, this paper is connecting the Arabic language to universal spirituality and express how Arabic calligraphy has become a prominent feature in Islamic world. Indeed, this paper provides a brief of the long history of Islamic calligraphy, explains about some of various of Arabic fonts style, and some important Quranic colour that has significant in the Islamic culture. Arabic calligraphy, which is also known as Islamic calligraphy, has a long history of development starting from the first written form of the Quran, in the early 7th century. The Arabic calligraphy art presents how to understand and appreciate its varied styles and modes. Calligraphers start creating their art by using some passages from the Quran or Arabic poems as a starting point then they develop their compositions in a complex and intricate piece of art by the overlap of Arabic letter and words that integrate. Arabic calligraphy is about movement, rhythm and dynamism as seen through the calligraphic marks in most mosques or Islamic building or Islamic calligraphy painting. Islamic calligraphy presents the aspect of aesthetic principles and demonstrate the love for Arabic language and culture with the aesthetic methods of traditional Arabic art.","PeriodicalId":121146,"journal":{"name":"UMRAN - International Journal of Islamic and Civilizational Studies","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122406693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-21DOI: 10.11113/umran2019.6n3.357
Mohammad Ghaith Mahaini, K. Noordin, Mohammad Taqiuddin bin Mohamad
This study aims at testing the impact of political, legal and economic institutions on life insurance/ family takaful consumption in OIC countries. Using a panel data covering 33 OIC countries for the years from 1990 till 2016, fixed effects and random effects models have been utilised. The empirical results suggest that for political institutions, more government effectiveness promotes consumption of life insurance in OIC countries. Additionally, the more unstable the country is, the more life insurance/family takaful is purchased perhaps as an attempt of individuals to mitigate the increased level of risks. Similarly, economic institutions, measured by both investment freedom and financial freedom, have a positive impact on life insurance consumption in OIC countries. However, results show that trade freedom index has a negative impact. Further, legal institutions do not seem to have any significant impact on life insurance consumption in OIC countries.
{"title":"The Impact of Political, Legal and Economic Institutions on Family Takaful/ Life Insurance Consumption in OIC Countries","authors":"Mohammad Ghaith Mahaini, K. Noordin, Mohammad Taqiuddin bin Mohamad","doi":"10.11113/umran2019.6n3.357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/umran2019.6n3.357","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims at testing the impact of political, legal and economic institutions on life insurance/ family takaful consumption in OIC countries. Using a panel data covering 33 OIC countries for the years from 1990 till 2016, fixed effects and random effects models have been utilised. The empirical results suggest that for political institutions, more government effectiveness promotes consumption of life insurance in OIC countries. Additionally, the more unstable the country is, the more life insurance/family takaful is purchased perhaps as an attempt of individuals to mitigate the increased level of risks. Similarly, economic institutions, measured by both investment freedom and financial freedom, have a positive impact on life insurance consumption in OIC countries. However, results show that trade freedom index has a negative impact. Further, legal institutions do not seem to have any significant impact on life insurance consumption in OIC countries.","PeriodicalId":121146,"journal":{"name":"UMRAN - International Journal of Islamic and Civilizational Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133770778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-21DOI: 10.11113/umran2019.6n3.354
N. A. Ghazali, I. Sipan, F. Raji, Mohammad Tahir Sabit Haji Mohammad
Religious aspect of charity is connected closely with Islamic endowment (waqf plural awqaf) and becomes a key Islamic institution within the Muslim world for more than a millennium. Globally including Malaysia, waqf widely relates to land and buildings. Under Islamic Law the land or any property declared by individuals to become waqf is considered binding and valid as soon as the donor implies or expresses the intention clearly. There are 5 valid elements (rukn) of waqf declaration under Islamic Law. However, under Malaysian Land Law, waqf properties need to be registered at Land Office after a waqf declaration at State Islamic Religious Council (SIRC). The rational is to ensure land indefeasible ownership under National Land Code (NLC) 1965. However, there are few issues in the procedure existed. Therefore, this paper highlights nine issues from organisation and the donors involved in registration process of waqf land and suggesting nine improvement proposals by State Islamic Religious Council Johor. The approach adopted is ‘Content Analyses and ‘System Approach’.
{"title":"Issues On Waqf Land Registration Process In Malaysia And Improvement Proposals","authors":"N. A. Ghazali, I. Sipan, F. Raji, Mohammad Tahir Sabit Haji Mohammad","doi":"10.11113/umran2019.6n3.354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/umran2019.6n3.354","url":null,"abstract":"Religious aspect of charity is connected closely with Islamic endowment (waqf plural awqaf) and becomes a key Islamic institution within the Muslim world for more than a millennium. Globally including Malaysia, waqf widely relates to land and buildings. Under Islamic Law the land or any property declared by individuals to become waqf is considered binding and valid as soon as the donor implies or expresses the intention clearly. There are 5 valid elements (rukn) of waqf declaration under Islamic Law. However, under Malaysian Land Law, waqf properties need to be registered at Land Office after a waqf declaration at State Islamic Religious Council (SIRC). The rational is to ensure land indefeasible ownership under National Land Code (NLC) 1965. However, there are few issues in the procedure existed. Therefore, this paper highlights nine issues from organisation and the donors involved in registration process of waqf land and suggesting nine improvement proposals by State Islamic Religious Council Johor. The approach adopted is ‘Content Analyses and ‘System Approach’. ","PeriodicalId":121146,"journal":{"name":"UMRAN - International Journal of Islamic and Civilizational Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129472112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-21DOI: 10.11113/umran2019.6n3.356
Aidiladha Sulaiman
The zenith of Islamic civilization in al-Andalus is often studied and discussed from the historical point of view, its’ intellectual contributions and scientific achievements of the civilization. Yet there are still many new aspects that to be explored on how intellectual advancement were achieved as well as the key processes involved in shaping great achievements of Islamic Spain. Hence, this paper aims to make a preliminary study on interactions and intellectual exchanges of agronomists and physicians in advancing sciences of agronomy and medicine. This study is a qualitative - historical methodology research, applying library survey methods, document analysis and field research. The study found that interactions and intellectual exchanges were flourishing through discussions, laboratory and field research, scientific group collaborations, diplomatic co-operation, meetings, presentations, lectures, seminars, mentor-mentee programs and writings in Cordoba and al-Andalus's main cities such as Seville, Toledo and Granada. Active and vibrant intellectual network and interactions among al-Andalus scholars in various scientific activities played important roles and brought significant impact towards advancement of science during glorious era of al-Andalus.
{"title":"Interaksi Dan Pertukaran Intelek Saintis Agronomi Dan Doktor Perubatan Di Al-Andalus (Interactions and Intellectual Exchanges of Agronomists and Physicians in al-Andalus)","authors":"Aidiladha Sulaiman","doi":"10.11113/umran2019.6n3.356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/umran2019.6n3.356","url":null,"abstract":"The zenith of Islamic civilization in al-Andalus is often studied and discussed from the historical point of view, its’ intellectual contributions and scientific achievements of the civilization. Yet there are still many new aspects that to be explored on how intellectual advancement were achieved as well as the key processes involved in shaping great achievements of Islamic Spain. Hence, this paper aims to make a preliminary study on interactions and intellectual exchanges of agronomists and physicians in advancing sciences of agronomy and medicine. This study is a qualitative - historical methodology research, applying library survey methods, document analysis and field research. The study found that interactions and intellectual exchanges were flourishing through discussions, laboratory and field research, scientific group collaborations, diplomatic co-operation, meetings, presentations, lectures, seminars, mentor-mentee programs and writings in Cordoba and al-Andalus's main cities such as Seville, Toledo and Granada. Active and vibrant intellectual network and interactions among al-Andalus scholars in various scientific activities played important roles and brought significant impact towards advancement of science during glorious era of al-Andalus.","PeriodicalId":121146,"journal":{"name":"UMRAN - International Journal of Islamic and Civilizational Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130971752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-21DOI: 10.11113/umran2019.6n3.362
Siti Zubaidah Abu Bakar, M. Aslam
Malaysia has long been recognized for its ability to manage threats from Islamic radical movements by overcoming significant obstacles and major challenges to national security. Although many movements have been banned and appropriate actions taken, Islamic radicalism nevertheless persists and appears on the rise. This study identifies factors associated with its persistence despite years of efforts to hinder or eradicate Islamic radicalism. Using qualitative historical sociology, the author used several resources for this analysis, including interviews and literature. Findings reveal four major factors that allow Salafi Jihadi ideology to prosper: a false reading of jihad, personal inclinations, political pressure, and globalization. Government actions countering this threat include declaring Malaysia an Islamic state; deradicalization and rehabilitation programs; national think tanks, prohibiting fatwas; introducing the concept of wasatiyyah; and implementation of counter narratives. Although the ideology cannot be completely eradicated, actions taken have managed to contain the contagion and also prevent major threats to national security.
{"title":"Ongoing IS Radical Ideology in Malaysia: Factors and Counter Strategies","authors":"Siti Zubaidah Abu Bakar, M. Aslam","doi":"10.11113/umran2019.6n3.362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/umran2019.6n3.362","url":null,"abstract":"Malaysia has long been recognized for its ability to manage threats from Islamic radical movements by overcoming significant obstacles and major challenges to national security. Although many movements have been banned and appropriate actions taken, Islamic radicalism nevertheless persists and appears on the rise. This study identifies factors associated with its persistence despite years of efforts to hinder or eradicate Islamic radicalism. Using qualitative historical sociology, the author used several resources for this analysis, including interviews and literature. Findings reveal four major factors that allow Salafi Jihadi ideology to prosper: a false reading of jihad, personal inclinations, political pressure, and globalization. Government actions countering this threat include declaring Malaysia an Islamic state; deradicalization and rehabilitation programs; national think tanks, prohibiting fatwas; introducing the concept of wasatiyyah; and implementation of counter narratives. Although the ideology cannot be completely eradicated, actions taken have managed to contain the contagion and also prevent major threats to national security.","PeriodicalId":121146,"journal":{"name":"UMRAN - International Journal of Islamic and Civilizational Studies","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126172173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-21DOI: 10.11113/umran2019.6n3.221
Mislat Safar Almuqati, Nurazmallail Marni
The war game is considered to be the most effective means of military training due to the fact that it simulates the reality since it provides a semi-real picture of the weapons and equipment used in the training. Consequently, it provides the trainee with the appropriate environment to freely deal with such weapons as well as military equipment which in turn help the trainee become acquainted with all aspects of use and significantly instill confidence in him when such equipment are actually needed in war. More importantly, war game provides environment similar to what is going on in the actual battlefields allowing the commanders to exercise the training as if they were in a real war. Based on this perspective, the war game has emerged as an advanced training means which provides an analogy of the battle atmosphere to a great extent and gives commanders the opportunity to make decisions. It also helps in providing the commanders with a future view which enables them to plan their future and to deal with any challenges they might encounter. In fact, the role of war play is not only limited to training, but also extends to the aspects of military education, preparation, and development. The notion of war game is not only a means for the commander to have knowledge about the war before it occurs so as to be able to realize whether the decisions taken are right or wrong, but also it has become an effective means on which the armies depend when they train and polish the commanders' capabilities as well as skills. In fact, the concept of war play is not exclusive to the military field but also it is employed by all agencies and departments that require a future vision in training or planning. This paper sheds some light on the notion of war game and its role in training and educating the commanders and staff.
{"title":"The Role of War Game in Educating and Training the Commanders","authors":"Mislat Safar Almuqati, Nurazmallail Marni","doi":"10.11113/umran2019.6n3.221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/umran2019.6n3.221","url":null,"abstract":"The war game is considered to be the most effective means of military training due to the fact that it simulates the reality since it provides a semi-real picture of the weapons and equipment used in the training. Consequently, it provides the trainee with the appropriate environment to freely deal with such weapons as well as military equipment which in turn help the trainee become acquainted with all aspects of use and significantly instill confidence in him when such equipment are actually needed in war. More importantly, war game provides environment similar to what is going on in the actual battlefields allowing the commanders to exercise the training as if they were in a real war. Based on this perspective, the war game has emerged as an advanced training means which provides an analogy of the battle atmosphere to a great extent and gives commanders the opportunity to make decisions. It also helps in providing the commanders with a future view which enables them to plan their future and to deal with any challenges they might encounter. In fact, the role of war play is not only limited to training, but also extends to the aspects of military education, preparation, and development. The notion of war game is not only a means for the commander to have knowledge about the war before it occurs so as to be able to realize whether the decisions taken are right or wrong, but also it has become an effective means on which the armies depend when they train and polish the commanders' capabilities as well as skills. In fact, the concept of war play is not exclusive to the military field but also it is employed by all agencies and departments that require a future vision in training or planning. This paper sheds some light on the notion of war game and its role in training and educating the commanders and staff.","PeriodicalId":121146,"journal":{"name":"UMRAN - International Journal of Islamic and Civilizational Studies","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127242333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-21DOI: 10.11113/umran2019.6n3.349
Khairussaadah Wahid, M. Nawawi, Saadan Man, Nazhatulshima Ahmad
Along with the development of technology, various observation techniques have been introduced to assist observers for crescent visibility. Hence, this study was conducted to review the literatures which are related with the techniques that have been used during the observation of crescent starting from Babylon era until now. The qualitative method has been used in this study to collect data based on library research. Then, the inductive method is used to analyse the data. The results from these literature reviews showed that many writings, ideas and discussions that are related with the techniques used during observations have been analyzed by scholars and academicians. Nevertheless, there is no specific study and discussion about these observation techniques for determining the crescent from Shariah perspective.
{"title":"Teknik Cerapan Anak Bulan: Satu Penelitian Literatur (Observation Techniques of Crescent: A Literature Review)","authors":"Khairussaadah Wahid, M. Nawawi, Saadan Man, Nazhatulshima Ahmad","doi":"10.11113/umran2019.6n3.349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/umran2019.6n3.349","url":null,"abstract":"Along with the development of technology, various observation techniques have been introduced to assist observers for crescent visibility. Hence, this study was conducted to review the literatures which are related with the techniques that have been used during the observation of crescent starting from Babylon era until now. The qualitative method has been used in this study to collect data based on library research. Then, the inductive method is used to analyse the data. The results from these literature reviews showed that many writings, ideas and discussions that are related with the techniques used during observations have been analyzed by scholars and academicians. Nevertheless, there is no specific study and discussion about these observation techniques for determining the crescent from Shariah perspective.","PeriodicalId":121146,"journal":{"name":"UMRAN - International Journal of Islamic and Civilizational Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127412328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-07DOI: 10.11113/umran2019.6n2-2.384
Azman Ab. Rahman, Mursyid Junaidi Mohd Faisal Yeap
Zakat management in Malaysia has always been experiencing a significant change in respect of its collection and distribution. Various transformations have taken place in ensuring the empowerment of zakat institutions particularly in assisting the asnaf group. While the governance of zakat management in Malaysia differs from each state, its objectives and purposes are the same as to preserve the development of ummah from the spiritual, economic, social, health, and other aspects. Countless efforts have been carried out to ensure the distribution of zakat is implemented effectively, fair, and equitable. The mosque institution is seen as among the best alternatives in ensuring the distribution of zakat can be distributed systematically in a structured and focused manner as the way it was implemented throughout the time of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) and his Companions. Therefore, this article will assess the zakat distribution practices in mosque institution of Malaysia. This study will also discuss the issues and challenges confronted in the implementation of zakat distribution management in mosque institutions as well as a proposition of a new zakat management model in mosque institutions. The findings indicate that there are some states in Malaysia that implementing zakat distribution in mosque institution, however without having a permanent organizational structure with the mosque management itself. Further studies on the methods and mechanisms of zakat distribution in mosque institutions can be held to scrutinize directly the issues and challenges encountered if mosque institutions are to handle the zakat distribution management. Hopefully this study is able to be a guide and reference to the State Islamic Religious Council in strengthening the zakat management in mosque institutions of Malaysia.
{"title":"Memperkasa Pengurusan Agihan Zakat di Institusi Masjid Malaysia: Isu dan Cabaran (Empowering Zakat Distribution Management in Mosque Institutions of Malaysia: Issues and Challenges)","authors":"Azman Ab. Rahman, Mursyid Junaidi Mohd Faisal Yeap","doi":"10.11113/umran2019.6n2-2.384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/umran2019.6n2-2.384","url":null,"abstract":"Zakat management in Malaysia has always been experiencing a significant change in respect of its collection and distribution. Various transformations have taken place in ensuring the empowerment of zakat institutions particularly in assisting the asnaf group. While the governance of zakat management in Malaysia differs from each state, its objectives and purposes are the same as to preserve the development of ummah from the spiritual, economic, social, health, and other aspects. Countless efforts have been carried out to ensure the distribution of zakat is implemented effectively, fair, and equitable. The mosque institution is seen as among the best alternatives in ensuring the distribution of zakat can be distributed systematically in a structured and focused manner as the way it was implemented throughout the time of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) and his Companions. Therefore, this article will assess the zakat distribution practices in mosque institution of Malaysia. This study will also discuss the issues and challenges confronted in the implementation of zakat distribution management in mosque institutions as well as a proposition of a new zakat management model in mosque institutions. The findings indicate that there are some states in Malaysia that implementing zakat distribution in mosque institution, however without having a permanent organizational structure with the mosque management itself. Further studies on the methods and mechanisms of zakat distribution in mosque institutions can be held to scrutinize directly the issues and challenges encountered if mosque institutions are to handle the zakat distribution management. Hopefully this study is able to be a guide and reference to the State Islamic Religious Council in strengthening the zakat management in mosque institutions of Malaysia.","PeriodicalId":121146,"journal":{"name":"UMRAN - International Journal of Islamic and Civilizational Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115738144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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