Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2022.2087920
Karina Rodrigues Honorato, Isabela Maria Reck Paulino, Alessandra Marjorie de Oliveira, R. Bergamasco, A. M. S. Vieira, R. Gomes
Abstract Cachaça is a typical Brazilian distilled beverage made from fermented sugarcane juice. The copper levels in alembic cachaça are of great concern among producers, and the removal of this contaminant is important for the quality of the product. The present study aimed to remove copper ions from alembic cachaça by adsorption. Sugarcane bagasse, okara, Moringa oleifera Lam., three different types of zeolites, and two types of commercial charcoal were tested as biosorbents. The heat-treated sugarcane bagasse removed 100% of the copper present in a cachaça sample, while other low-cost natural adsorbents had close to 50% removal as was observed for M. oleifera seeds and okara. All adsorbents had porous and fibrous structures, favorable to adsorption. A kinetic study showed that a pseudo-second-order model was appropriate, with equilibrium times of 15 h for heat-treated sugarcane bagasse, okara, and M. oleifera seeds used as adsorbents. The Langmuir model better fitted the experimental data, indicating monolayer adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacity was 17.00, 0.77, and 5.33 mg of Cu g−1 for the heat-treated sugarcane bagasse, M. oleifera seeds, and okara, respectively. The results presented here are promising indicating three agro-industrial residues were favorable to the adsorption of copper ions from alembic cachaça.
甘蔗汁蒸馏饮料是一种典型的巴西蒸馏饮料，由甘蔗汁发酵而成。alembic cachaa中的铜含量是生产商非常关注的问题，去除这种污染物对产品质量至关重要。本研究的目的是用吸附法去除白矾cacha中的铜离子。甘蔗渣，欧卡拉，辣木。三种不同类型的沸石和两种类型的商业木炭作为生物吸附剂进行了测试。热处理过的甘蔗渣可以100%去除cachaa样品中的铜，而其他低成本的天然吸附剂对M. oleifera种子和okara的吸附剂的去除率接近50%。所有吸附剂均具有多孔和纤维结构，有利于吸附。动力学研究表明，以热处理过的甘蔗渣、甘蔗渣和油籽为吸附剂，平衡时间为15 h的拟二阶模型是合适的。Langmuir模型较好地拟合了实验数据，表明是单层吸附。热处理后的甘蔗渣、油葵种子和豆荚的最大吸附量分别为17.00、0.77和5.33 mg Cu g−1。本文的研究结果表明，三种农用工业残留物有利于铜离子的吸附。
{"title":"Removal of copper ions from alembic cachaça using agro-industrial residues as biosorbents","authors":"Karina Rodrigues Honorato, Isabela Maria Reck Paulino, Alessandra Marjorie de Oliveira, R. Bergamasco, A. M. S. Vieira, R. Gomes","doi":"10.1080/19440049.2022.2087920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2022.2087920","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cachaça is a typical Brazilian distilled beverage made from fermented sugarcane juice. The copper levels in alembic cachaça are of great concern among producers, and the removal of this contaminant is important for the quality of the product. The present study aimed to remove copper ions from alembic cachaça by adsorption. Sugarcane bagasse, okara, Moringa oleifera Lam., three different types of zeolites, and two types of commercial charcoal were tested as biosorbents. The heat-treated sugarcane bagasse removed 100% of the copper present in a cachaça sample, while other low-cost natural adsorbents had close to 50% removal as was observed for M. oleifera seeds and okara. All adsorbents had porous and fibrous structures, favorable to adsorption. A kinetic study showed that a pseudo-second-order model was appropriate, with equilibrium times of 15 h for heat-treated sugarcane bagasse, okara, and M. oleifera seeds used as adsorbents. The Langmuir model better fitted the experimental data, indicating monolayer adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacity was 17.00, 0.77, and 5.33 mg of Cu g−1 for the heat-treated sugarcane bagasse, M. oleifera seeds, and okara, respectively. The results presented here are promising indicating three agro-industrial residues were favorable to the adsorption of copper ions from alembic cachaça.","PeriodicalId":12121,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A","volume":"26 1","pages":"1424 - 1438"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85466298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-13DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2022.2086711
Dobrochna Rabiej-Kozioł, K. Roszek, Marek P. Krzemiński, A. Szydłowska-Czerniak
Abstract Increasing interest has been shown in phenolic compounds for enhancing food quality, but their hydrophilicity restricts application in lipophilic systems. Therefore, in this study, twelve hydroxycinnamates derivatives (alkyl and steryl esters of sinapic acid (SA), caffeic acid (CA), and ferulic acid [FA]) were synthesised and evaluated for antioxidant and cytotoxic characteristics. CA esters had the highest radical scavenging activity (RSA) analysed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) assays. Values of inhibitory concentration (IC50) of synthesised compounds were related to their structure and lipophilicity. The effect of these hydroxycinnamic acid esters on the antioxidant potential of real samples (rapeseed oil, margarine and mayonnaise) was estimated. None of the investigated derivatives significantly affected the viability of the model intestinal cells Caco2, while the octyl esters demonstrated a toxic effect at low concentrations. The synthesised esters exerted cytotoxic and anti-proliferative effects against transformed cell lines (HeLa and A549). Octyl esters were potent anticancer compounds on two human cancer cell lines. The synthesised phenolipids, as valuable and safe antioxidant additives, can find broader applications in the production of fat-based products to prevent oxidation processes, extend their shelf life and improve quality.
{"title":"Phenolipids as new food additives: from synthesis to cell-based biological activities","authors":"Dobrochna Rabiej-Kozioł, K. Roszek, Marek P. Krzemiński, A. Szydłowska-Czerniak","doi":"10.1080/19440049.2022.2086711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2022.2086711","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Increasing interest has been shown in phenolic compounds for enhancing food quality, but their hydrophilicity restricts application in lipophilic systems. Therefore, in this study, twelve hydroxycinnamates derivatives (alkyl and steryl esters of sinapic acid (SA), caffeic acid (CA), and ferulic acid [FA]) were synthesised and evaluated for antioxidant and cytotoxic characteristics. CA esters had the highest radical scavenging activity (RSA) analysed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) assays. Values of inhibitory concentration (IC50) of synthesised compounds were related to their structure and lipophilicity. The effect of these hydroxycinnamic acid esters on the antioxidant potential of real samples (rapeseed oil, margarine and mayonnaise) was estimated. None of the investigated derivatives significantly affected the viability of the model intestinal cells Caco2, while the octyl esters demonstrated a toxic effect at low concentrations. The synthesised esters exerted cytotoxic and anti-proliferative effects against transformed cell lines (HeLa and A549). Octyl esters were potent anticancer compounds on two human cancer cell lines. The synthesised phenolipids, as valuable and safe antioxidant additives, can find broader applications in the production of fat-based products to prevent oxidation processes, extend their shelf life and improve quality.","PeriodicalId":12121,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A","volume":"52 1","pages":"1365 - 1379"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90872503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-09DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2022.2083693
Kexin Chi, Hang Yu, Yahui Guo, Yuliang Cheng, Yun-Fei Xie, Weirong Yao
Abstract Hainanmycin is a polyether antibiotic. Toxicological studies have shown the adverse effects of hainanmycin on animals and humans. At present, no study is available on the detection of hainanmycin in edible tissues of animals. Hence, a fast and accurate detection method for hainanmycin is essential. This study aimed to develop a new analytical method based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to detect hainanmycin in 10 matrices, including milk, eggs, fat, kidney, muscles and livers of chicken, beef and sheep. The limit of detection and the limit of quantitation of the 10 matrices were 0.1–0.4 μg/kg and 0.25–1 μg/kg, respectively, and were far below the maximum residue limits of other polyether anticoccidial drugs (1–150 μg/kg). The recoveries of hainanmycin ranged from 79% to 105%, and the relative standard deviation ranged from 2.8% to 12.0%. The research results prove that the proposed method is operational and simple in detecting hainanmycin, and has high precision and accuracy in a variety of matrices.
{"title":"Development of UPLC-MS/MS method for determining hainanmycin in foods of animal origin","authors":"Kexin Chi, Hang Yu, Yahui Guo, Yuliang Cheng, Yun-Fei Xie, Weirong Yao","doi":"10.1080/19440049.2022.2083693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2022.2083693","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hainanmycin is a polyether antibiotic. Toxicological studies have shown the adverse effects of hainanmycin on animals and humans. At present, no study is available on the detection of hainanmycin in edible tissues of animals. Hence, a fast and accurate detection method for hainanmycin is essential. This study aimed to develop a new analytical method based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to detect hainanmycin in 10 matrices, including milk, eggs, fat, kidney, muscles and livers of chicken, beef and sheep. The limit of detection and the limit of quantitation of the 10 matrices were 0.1–0.4 μg/kg and 0.25–1 μg/kg, respectively, and were far below the maximum residue limits of other polyether anticoccidial drugs (1–150 μg/kg). The recoveries of hainanmycin ranged from 79% to 105%, and the relative standard deviation ranged from 2.8% to 12.0%. The research results prove that the proposed method is operational and simple in detecting hainanmycin, and has high precision and accuracy in a variety of matrices.","PeriodicalId":12121,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A","volume":"1 1","pages":"1401 - 1411"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89294277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-09DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2022.2085888
Jiachang Feng, Jianpeng Dou, Wenfu Wu
Abstract The competitive inhibition of aflatoxigenic fungi by non-aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus has proved to be an effective method to prevent and control peanut aflatoxin contamination, and most of the currently used inoculum carriers are grains. In this study, the reliability and efficiency of replacing grain kernels with novel chitosan-coated alginate-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) beads impregnated with biochar (CSACB) were evaluated. Characterisation of the beads was performed by SEM, thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), and swelling properties analyses. The optimised CSACB beads had good physical stability, shelf life, and entrapment efficiency. In addition, the water-holding capacity and porous structure were excellent, as the biochar provided a beneficial microenvironment for the attachment and microbial growth of the biocontrol fungus. The effect of reducing aflatoxin in peanuts was verified experimentally. Collectively, the novel CSACB beads are suitable carriers of non-aflatoxigenic A. flavus for the biocontrol of peanut aflatoxin.
{"title":"Development of biochar-impregnated alginate beads for the delivery of biocontrol agents for peanut aflatoxin","authors":"Jiachang Feng, Jianpeng Dou, Wenfu Wu","doi":"10.1080/19440049.2022.2085888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2022.2085888","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The competitive inhibition of aflatoxigenic fungi by non-aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus has proved to be an effective method to prevent and control peanut aflatoxin contamination, and most of the currently used inoculum carriers are grains. In this study, the reliability and efficiency of replacing grain kernels with novel chitosan-coated alginate-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) beads impregnated with biochar (CSACB) were evaluated. Characterisation of the beads was performed by SEM, thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), and swelling properties analyses. The optimised CSACB beads had good physical stability, shelf life, and entrapment efficiency. In addition, the water-holding capacity and porous structure were excellent, as the biochar provided a beneficial microenvironment for the attachment and microbial growth of the biocontrol fungus. The effect of reducing aflatoxin in peanuts was verified experimentally. Collectively, the novel CSACB beads are suitable carriers of non-aflatoxigenic A. flavus for the biocontrol of peanut aflatoxin.","PeriodicalId":12121,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A","volume":"37 1","pages":"1487 - 1500"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73843229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Based on a highly sensitive and specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) against virginiamycin M1 (VIR M1), a quantum dots-based fluorescent immunochromatographic assay (QDs-ICA) for quick and sensitive analysis of VIR M1 was established for the first time. The mAb showed a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.5 ng/mL and cross-reactivity (CR) values below 0.1% for other three analogues when used in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mAb was conjugated to ZnCdSe/ZnS (core/shell) QDs with maximum emission wavelength of 610 nm (orange-red) which was selected as fluorescent probe to increase QDs-ICA sensitivity. The cut-off value of QDs-ICA was 12.5 ng/mL. QDs-ICA showed a linear range from 0.7 to 14.5 ng/mL with a limit of quantification of 0.7 ng/mL. Compared with existing methods for the analysis of VIR M1, the QDs-ICA exhibited higher sensitivity. For analysis of VIR M1 concentrations spiked into swine feed, muscle and liver samples, recovery rates ranged from 94.0% to 111.6% with the highest coefficient of variation (CV) of 6.7% for intra-assay, and for inter-assay ranged from 94.7% to 107.6% with the highest CV of 9.4%. In conclusion, the QDs-ICA could be a potential method for analyzing VIR M1 in animal feed and animal-derived food.
{"title":"Analysis of virginiamycin M1 in swine feed, muscle and liver samples by quantum dots-based fluorescent immunochromatographic assay","authors":"Jingming Zhou, Wenjing Qian, Qingbao Yang, Chao Liang, Yumei Chen, Aiping Wang, Gaiping Zhang","doi":"10.1080/19440049.2022.2081366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2022.2081366","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Based on a highly sensitive and specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) against virginiamycin M1 (VIR M1), a quantum dots-based fluorescent immunochromatographic assay (QDs-ICA) for quick and sensitive analysis of VIR M1 was established for the first time. The mAb showed a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.5 ng/mL and cross-reactivity (CR) values below 0.1% for other three analogues when used in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mAb was conjugated to ZnCdSe/ZnS (core/shell) QDs with maximum emission wavelength of 610 nm (orange-red) which was selected as fluorescent probe to increase QDs-ICA sensitivity. The cut-off value of QDs-ICA was 12.5 ng/mL. QDs-ICA showed a linear range from 0.7 to 14.5 ng/mL with a limit of quantification of 0.7 ng/mL. Compared with existing methods for the analysis of VIR M1, the QDs-ICA exhibited higher sensitivity. For analysis of VIR M1 concentrations spiked into swine feed, muscle and liver samples, recovery rates ranged from 94.0% to 111.6% with the highest coefficient of variation (CV) of 6.7% for intra-assay, and for inter-assay ranged from 94.7% to 107.6% with the highest CV of 9.4%. In conclusion, the QDs-ICA could be a potential method for analyzing VIR M1 in animal feed and animal-derived food.","PeriodicalId":12121,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A","volume":"2013 1","pages":"1390 - 1400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74085828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-07DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2022.2082539
Amelie S. Wilde, L. Duedahl-Olesen
Abstract The determination of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in food supplements is challenging, especially due to the presence of other e.g. heterogeneous PAH-like compounds in the matrix. A collaborative study with 12 participants was conducted in order to assess performance characteristics of a fast method intended to analyse the four regulated PAHs (PAH 4) benzo[b]fluoranthene [BbF], benz[a]anthracene [BaA], chrysene [CHR] and benzo[a]pyrene [BaP] in five different plant-based food supplements in the form of capsules, powder, and tablets. The principle of the method includes the extraction of PAHs with ethyl acetate: cyclohexane followed by a two-step SPE cleanup and final analysis by GC-MS or LC-FLD. The regulated maximum level for BaP is 10 µg/kg and, for the PAH 4, 50 µg/kg. Accordingly, the method was validated for the regulated PAH 4 analytically challenging concentration range from 2.5 µg/kg to 6.9 µg/kg. The performance criteria for the method set in European Regulation No 333/2007 for the overall repeatability, reproducibility (HorRat values below 2), and recovery (range 50–120%) were fulfilled. Based on the statistical evaluation of the results, it was concluded that the method is a suitable alternative to existing methods and should be studied for additional matrices.
{"title":"Analysis of four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in plant-based food supplements—results of a collaborative study","authors":"Amelie S. Wilde, L. Duedahl-Olesen","doi":"10.1080/19440049.2022.2082539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2022.2082539","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The determination of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in food supplements is challenging, especially due to the presence of other e.g. heterogeneous PAH-like compounds in the matrix. A collaborative study with 12 participants was conducted in order to assess performance characteristics of a fast method intended to analyse the four regulated PAHs (PAH 4) benzo[b]fluoranthene [BbF], benz[a]anthracene [BaA], chrysene [CHR] and benzo[a]pyrene [BaP] in five different plant-based food supplements in the form of capsules, powder, and tablets. The principle of the method includes the extraction of PAHs with ethyl acetate: cyclohexane followed by a two-step SPE cleanup and final analysis by GC-MS or LC-FLD. The regulated maximum level for BaP is 10 µg/kg and, for the PAH 4, 50 µg/kg. Accordingly, the method was validated for the regulated PAH 4 analytically challenging concentration range from 2.5 µg/kg to 6.9 µg/kg. The performance criteria for the method set in European Regulation No 333/2007 for the overall repeatability, reproducibility (HorRat values below 2), and recovery (range 50–120%) were fulfilled. Based on the statistical evaluation of the results, it was concluded that the method is a suitable alternative to existing methods and should be studied for additional matrices.","PeriodicalId":12121,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A","volume":"33 1","pages":"1380 - 1389"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76966140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-02DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2022.2080870
J. Scanavacca, Maria Graciela Iecher Faria, Gabriela Catuzo Canonico Silva, Rodrigo Sadao Inumaro, J. Gonçalves, Larine Kupski, Z. C. Gazim
Abstract Tetradenia riparia is known for its richness in essential oil which has been widely investigated due to its biological activities such as antimicrobial, insecticidal, trypanocidal, antimalarial and antioxidant. The objective of this work was to chemically analyze and evaluate the antifungal and antimycotoxigenic activity of the essential oil and the crude extract of leaves, flower buds and stems of T. riparia from the northwest region of the state of Paraná. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus. To obtain the crude extract, the leaves, flower buds and stems were pulverized and subjected to a dynamic maceration process using 70% v v−1 ethyl alcohol. Chemical analysis of the essential oil was performed by GC/MS, and chemical identification of the crude extract by UHPLC-ESI/qTOF. Antifungal activity (Rhizopus oryzae, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ochraceus, Penicillium verrucosum and Fusarium graminearum) was performed by broth microdilution and the antimycotoxigenic assay was performed with A. ochraceus and P. verrucosum. Ochratoxin A was extracted by partition with chloroform and quantified by HPLC-FL. The oil yield was 0.29% for leaves, 0.34% for stems and 0.38% for flower buds, and the major compounds were fenchone, β-caryophyllene, α-cadinol, 14-hydroxy-9- epi-caryophyllene, 9β,13β-epoxy-7-abietene, α-cadinol and 6–7-dehydroroyleanone. The main chemical compounds identified in the crude extract were terpenes, anthocyanins, flavonoids, tannins and phenolic acids. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of oils from leaves, flower buds and stems for the strains tested ranged from 0.87 mg mL−1 to 33.3 mg mL−1, while the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) ranged from 6.94 mg mL−1 and 33.3 mg mL−1. The MIC and MFC for ketoconazole, tebuconazole, sorbate and nitrite ranged from 0.05 to 33.3 mg mL−1. The oil and crude extract of leaves, stems and flower buds showed an inhibition of ochratoxin A production for P. verrucosum of approximately 100%.
{"title":"Chemical analysis, antifungal and antimycotoxigenic activity of tetradenia riparia essential oil and crude extract","authors":"J. Scanavacca, Maria Graciela Iecher Faria, Gabriela Catuzo Canonico Silva, Rodrigo Sadao Inumaro, J. Gonçalves, Larine Kupski, Z. C. Gazim","doi":"10.1080/19440049.2022.2080870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2022.2080870","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Tetradenia riparia is known for its richness in essential oil which has been widely investigated due to its biological activities such as antimicrobial, insecticidal, trypanocidal, antimalarial and antioxidant. The objective of this work was to chemically analyze and evaluate the antifungal and antimycotoxigenic activity of the essential oil and the crude extract of leaves, flower buds and stems of T. riparia from the northwest region of the state of Paraná. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus. To obtain the crude extract, the leaves, flower buds and stems were pulverized and subjected to a dynamic maceration process using 70% v v−1 ethyl alcohol. Chemical analysis of the essential oil was performed by GC/MS, and chemical identification of the crude extract by UHPLC-ESI/qTOF. Antifungal activity (Rhizopus oryzae, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ochraceus, Penicillium verrucosum and Fusarium graminearum) was performed by broth microdilution and the antimycotoxigenic assay was performed with A. ochraceus and P. verrucosum. Ochratoxin A was extracted by partition with chloroform and quantified by HPLC-FL. The oil yield was 0.29% for leaves, 0.34% for stems and 0.38% for flower buds, and the major compounds were fenchone, β-caryophyllene, α-cadinol, 14-hydroxy-9- epi-caryophyllene, 9β,13β-epoxy-7-abietene, α-cadinol and 6–7-dehydroroyleanone. The main chemical compounds identified in the crude extract were terpenes, anthocyanins, flavonoids, tannins and phenolic acids. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of oils from leaves, flower buds and stems for the strains tested ranged from 0.87 mg mL−1 to 33.3 mg mL−1, while the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) ranged from 6.94 mg mL−1 and 33.3 mg mL−1. The MIC and MFC for ketoconazole, tebuconazole, sorbate and nitrite ranged from 0.05 to 33.3 mg mL−1. The oil and crude extract of leaves, stems and flower buds showed an inhibition of ochratoxin A production for P. verrucosum of approximately 100%.","PeriodicalId":12121,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A","volume":"65 1","pages":"1296 - 1310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91083483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-02DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2022.2080871
Waseela Ashraf, Aziz Ur Rehman, M. Ahmad, M. Rabbani, M. Mushtaq, Khalida Aamir, Kathy S. Xue, Jia-Sheng Wang
Abstract Aflatoxin B1 is an important toxic food contaminant and there is very little information available about its exposure and effects on the health of the Pakistani population. Therefore, children (n = 238) aged 1–11 years were recruited in this study to estimate the levels of aflatoxin B1-lysine adduct and to measure its adverse effects on growth. Blood samples were analyzed to detect AFB1-lysine adducts through high-performance liquid chromatography. Socio-demographic information and anthropometry measurements were also obtained. All participants had detectable levels of AFB1-lysine adduct with a median concentration of 10.66 pg/mg albumin (95% CI: 8.6–12.4). Differences in area of residence (p < 0.05) and the father’s employment (p < 0.05) were significant predictors for aflatoxin concentration levels in ordinary least square and quantile regression models (residence in 75th quantile and father employment in 90th quantile). Children aged from 5 to 11 years in the 5th and 90th quantiles of the regression model had a significant association with aflatoxin levels. A very high (50.4%, 120/238) prevalence of growth impairment (stunting, wasting, and underweight) was also observed in this study. Although we couldn’t establish the effect of aflatoxin on growth impairment, children with low serum albumin levels (OR = 0.18; 95% CI: 0.05–0.56; p = 0.004) were likely to be at risk of wasting. Also, low birth weight was strongly associated with wasting (OR = 3.11; 95% CI: 1.36–7.03; p = 0.006) and underweight (OR = 4.60; 95% CI: 2.21–10.05; p= <0.001), while the mother’s school level education had a correlation with child stunting (OR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1.07–3.22; p = 0.029). The high prevalence of growth impairment and high concentration of serum AFB1-lysine adduct levels in study participants demand immediate efforts to mitigate the adverse health outcomes in children in Pakistan.
{"title":"Assessment of aflatoxin B1-lysine adduct in children and its effect on child growth in Lahore, Pakistan","authors":"Waseela Ashraf, Aziz Ur Rehman, M. Ahmad, M. Rabbani, M. Mushtaq, Khalida Aamir, Kathy S. Xue, Jia-Sheng Wang","doi":"10.1080/19440049.2022.2080871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2022.2080871","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aflatoxin B1 is an important toxic food contaminant and there is very little information available about its exposure and effects on the health of the Pakistani population. Therefore, children (n = 238) aged 1–11 years were recruited in this study to estimate the levels of aflatoxin B1-lysine adduct and to measure its adverse effects on growth. Blood samples were analyzed to detect AFB1-lysine adducts through high-performance liquid chromatography. Socio-demographic information and anthropometry measurements were also obtained. All participants had detectable levels of AFB1-lysine adduct with a median concentration of 10.66 pg/mg albumin (95% CI: 8.6–12.4). Differences in area of residence (p < 0.05) and the father’s employment (p < 0.05) were significant predictors for aflatoxin concentration levels in ordinary least square and quantile regression models (residence in 75th quantile and father employment in 90th quantile). Children aged from 5 to 11 years in the 5th and 90th quantiles of the regression model had a significant association with aflatoxin levels. A very high (50.4%, 120/238) prevalence of growth impairment (stunting, wasting, and underweight) was also observed in this study. Although we couldn’t establish the effect of aflatoxin on growth impairment, children with low serum albumin levels (OR = 0.18; 95% CI: 0.05–0.56; p = 0.004) were likely to be at risk of wasting. Also, low birth weight was strongly associated with wasting (OR = 3.11; 95% CI: 1.36–7.03; p = 0.006) and underweight (OR = 4.60; 95% CI: 2.21–10.05; p= <0.001), while the mother’s school level education had a correlation with child stunting (OR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1.07–3.22; p = 0.029). The high prevalence of growth impairment and high concentration of serum AFB1-lysine adduct levels in study participants demand immediate efforts to mitigate the adverse health outcomes in children in Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":12121,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A","volume":"1 1","pages":"1463 - 1473"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79926111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-02DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2022.2081367
L. Sen, Onur Civil
Abstract Two hundred and two hazelnut paste samples from various hazelnut processing plants in the Black Sea Region of Turkey were analysed for the incidence of aflatoxins (AFs) by liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection (LC-FLD). All 202 (100%) hazelnut paste samples were contaminated with various AFs ranged from 0.17 to 12.96 µg kg−1. AF contamination level of four (1.98%) samples exceeded legal limits. Risk assessment for hazelnut paste was determined by using AF incidence results, and the margin of exposure (MOE) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk approach were applied. For the adult Turkish population (15+ years age group), the average lower bound (LB) and upper bound (UB) exposure levels for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and total aflatoxins (AFT) were 0.0106–0.0107 ng kg−1 body weight (bw) per day and 0.0250 ng kg−1 bw per day, respectively. MOE estimates for mean and 95th percentile exposures to AFB1 for hazelnut paste were higher than 10,000, which indicates no potential health concern for Turkish adults. HCC for the Turkish population was 0.00023 cases per 100,000 people per year. The study indicates that Turkish population is not under this toxicological risk when consuming hazelnut paste containing food products. Graphical Abstract
摘要采用液相色谱-荧光检测(LC-FLD)技术对土耳其黑海地区多家榛子加工厂的200份榛子膏样品进行了黄曲霉毒素(AFs)含量分析。所有202份(100%)榛子酱样品均被0.17 ~ 12.96µg kg−1的AFs污染。4个样品(1.98%)AF污染超标。根据AF发生率结果确定榛子酱的风险评估，并采用暴露边际法(MOE)和肝细胞癌(HCC)风险法。对于土耳其成年人(15岁以上年龄组)，黄曲霉毒素B1 (AFB1)和总黄曲霉毒素(AFT)的平均下限(LB)和上限(UB)暴露水平分别为每天0.0106-0.0107 ng kg - 1体重(bw)和0.0250 ng kg - 1 bw。卫生部估计，榛子酱对AFB1的平均和第95百分位暴露量高于10,000，这表明对土耳其成年人没有潜在的健康问题。土耳其人群的HCC发生率为每年每10万人0.00023例。研究表明，土耳其人在食用含榛子酱的食品时不存在这种毒性风险。图形抽象
{"title":"Presence of aflatoxins in hazelnut paste in Turkey and a risk assessment study","authors":"L. Sen, Onur Civil","doi":"10.1080/19440049.2022.2081367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2022.2081367","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Two hundred and two hazelnut paste samples from various hazelnut processing plants in the Black Sea Region of Turkey were analysed for the incidence of aflatoxins (AFs) by liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection (LC-FLD). All 202 (100%) hazelnut paste samples were contaminated with various AFs ranged from 0.17 to 12.96 µg kg−1. AF contamination level of four (1.98%) samples exceeded legal limits. Risk assessment for hazelnut paste was determined by using AF incidence results, and the margin of exposure (MOE) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk approach were applied. For the adult Turkish population (15+ years age group), the average lower bound (LB) and upper bound (UB) exposure levels for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and total aflatoxins (AFT) were 0.0106–0.0107 ng kg−1 body weight (bw) per day and 0.0250 ng kg−1 bw per day, respectively. MOE estimates for mean and 95th percentile exposures to AFB1 for hazelnut paste were higher than 10,000, which indicates no potential health concern for Turkish adults. HCC for the Turkish population was 0.00023 cases per 100,000 people per year. The study indicates that Turkish population is not under this toxicological risk when consuming hazelnut paste containing food products. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":12121,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A","volume":"16 1","pages":"1474 - 1486"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82563930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-26DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2022.2077458
N. Mokhtar, Siti Zaharah Imran, Ming Gan Han, Mun Chun Leong, M. M. Mohd Desa, Raja Mohd Hafidz Raja Nhari, Nor Nadiha Mohd Zaki, Y. Yusof, S. Mustafa, Amalia Mohd Hashim
Abstract The expansion of worldwide aquaculture has been accompanied by extensive growth in the fish feed industry. However, improper labelling of many commercially available fish feeds has raised security and safety concerns over the species’ origin of the ingredients. The inclusion of ruminants-derived ingredients in fish feed is prohibited according to EU legislation while porcine inclusion in fish feed has been a great concern among Muslim farmers. In contrast to the limited species that could be simultaneously determined using multiplex PCR, this study utilised Next Generation Sequencing-based DNA metabarcoding assay to determine the compositional profiles of animal species in fish feed samples in a more holistic manner. In relation to the religious issue associated with porcine-derived ingredients in fish feed, this study firstly aimed to determine the sensitivity of the methods in profiling fish feed adulterated with porcine blood and muscle tissues. Next, 10 commercially available fish feed samples were analysed. As a result, a detection limit of as low as 3% (w/w) porcine muscle and blood in the laboratory-prepared fish feed was obtained. The analysis of 10 commercial fish feeds shows surprising findings: 50% of the feeds contain Sus scrofa and 80% contain Bos taurus, a ruminant. Only one commercial fish feed was found to be solely composed of marine species. This study shows that commercial fish feeds sold in Malaysia contain undesirable animal species, and emphasises the need for accurate and legally enforced labelling of mammalian species in fish feed products.
{"title":"Next Generation Sequencing-based DNA metabarcoding for animal species profiling in fish feed","authors":"N. Mokhtar, Siti Zaharah Imran, Ming Gan Han, Mun Chun Leong, M. M. Mohd Desa, Raja Mohd Hafidz Raja Nhari, Nor Nadiha Mohd Zaki, Y. Yusof, S. Mustafa, Amalia Mohd Hashim","doi":"10.1080/19440049.2022.2077458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2022.2077458","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The expansion of worldwide aquaculture has been accompanied by extensive growth in the fish feed industry. However, improper labelling of many commercially available fish feeds has raised security and safety concerns over the species’ origin of the ingredients. The inclusion of ruminants-derived ingredients in fish feed is prohibited according to EU legislation while porcine inclusion in fish feed has been a great concern among Muslim farmers. In contrast to the limited species that could be simultaneously determined using multiplex PCR, this study utilised Next Generation Sequencing-based DNA metabarcoding assay to determine the compositional profiles of animal species in fish feed samples in a more holistic manner. In relation to the religious issue associated with porcine-derived ingredients in fish feed, this study firstly aimed to determine the sensitivity of the methods in profiling fish feed adulterated with porcine blood and muscle tissues. Next, 10 commercially available fish feed samples were analysed. As a result, a detection limit of as low as 3% (w/w) porcine muscle and blood in the laboratory-prepared fish feed was obtained. The analysis of 10 commercial fish feeds shows surprising findings: 50% of the feeds contain Sus scrofa and 80% contain Bos taurus, a ruminant. Only one commercial fish feed was found to be solely composed of marine species. This study shows that commercial fish feeds sold in Malaysia contain undesirable animal species, and emphasises the need for accurate and legally enforced labelling of mammalian species in fish feed products.","PeriodicalId":12121,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A","volume":"6 1","pages":"1185 - 1194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75880039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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