This paper examines the Declaration on the Future of the European Court of Human Rights – the product of the High Level Conference of the Council of Europe's Committee of Ministers that was held in Brighton, UK, in April 2012. The paper considers the extent to which the Declaration is likely to affect the relationship between national courts and legal systems, on the one hand, and the Human Rights Court, on the other. In particular, the paper examines these issues from the perspective of the present debate in the UK concerning the possible adoption of a Bill of Rights.
{"title":"After Brighton: Between a Rock and a Hard Place","authors":"M. Elliott","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2116344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2116344","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the Declaration on the Future of the European Court of Human Rights – the product of the High Level Conference of the Council of Europe's Committee of Ministers that was held in Brighton, UK, in April 2012. The paper considers the extent to which the Declaration is likely to affect the relationship between national courts and legal systems, on the one hand, and the Human Rights Court, on the other. In particular, the paper examines these issues from the perspective of the present debate in the UK concerning the possible adoption of a Bill of Rights.","PeriodicalId":121229,"journal":{"name":"European Public Law: National eJournal","volume":"263 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114197375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this paper is to present and discuss the new French requirements related to socially responsible investment (SRI), and provide reflections on the potential and limits of regulating SRI. We summarize the consequences of new Monetary and Financial Code Article L. 533-22-1 and the related decree, which have created new obligations for fund portfolio managers. This paper is based on a critical study of the new requirement concerning disclosure by asset management companies: Article L. 533-22-1 of the Monetary and Financial Code and its implementing decree, enacted on January 31, 2012. This paper goes back over the debates following the July 12, 2010 adoption of new French Act No. 2010-788. Our method leads us to observe that France has tried to design a new approach to investment funds in order to favour environmental and societal issues. While the French choice is ambitious and consequently must be seen as significant, the new requirements, which blend “hard law” and transparency, unfortunately raise many questions. New Monetary and Financial Code Article L. 533-22-1 expands the non-financial concerns that asset managers have to take into account. The legislation recognizes that financial investment has an impact on society and the environment, and tries to orient that impact to socially productive ends. Nevertheless, the development of French hard law remains isolated, and serious questions have to be asked about its impact: do these French texts make financial asset managers the potential drivers of change in promoting SRI?
{"title":"Investors, Investment Funds and New French Law: The Clouded Crystal Ball – Is There Really More Power to Promote CSR?","authors":"Ivan Tchotourian","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2115835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2115835","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this paper is to present and discuss the new French requirements related to socially responsible investment (SRI), and provide reflections on the potential and limits of regulating SRI. We summarize the consequences of new Monetary and Financial Code Article L. 533-22-1 and the related decree, which have created new obligations for fund portfolio managers. This paper is based on a critical study of the new requirement concerning disclosure by asset management companies: Article L. 533-22-1 of the Monetary and Financial Code and its implementing decree, enacted on January 31, 2012. This paper goes back over the debates following the July 12, 2010 adoption of new French Act No. 2010-788. Our method leads us to observe that France has tried to design a new approach to investment funds in order to favour environmental and societal issues. While the French choice is ambitious and consequently must be seen as significant, the new requirements, which blend “hard law” and transparency, unfortunately raise many questions. New Monetary and Financial Code Article L. 533-22-1 expands the non-financial concerns that asset managers have to take into account. The legislation recognizes that financial investment has an impact on society and the environment, and tries to orient that impact to socially productive ends. Nevertheless, the development of French hard law remains isolated, and serious questions have to be asked about its impact: do these French texts make financial asset managers the potential drivers of change in promoting SRI?","PeriodicalId":121229,"journal":{"name":"European Public Law: National eJournal","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123951945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Postal services in Poland are governed by the Postal Law Act of 2003 (in Polish: Prawo Pocztowe) which maintains the monopoly of the public operator Poczta Polska with respect of letters weighing up to 50 grams. However, Poland will have to fully liberalize its postal services market by 31 December 2012. For this reason, the Government adopted on 5 October 2010 Assumptions for the Draft Postal Law Act as proposed by the Minister of Infrastructure. However, the Draft was not placed on the Government’s legislative agenda for 2011. Thus, the majority of legislative work will have to be completed in 2012, a fact that jeopardizes the implementation of Directive 2008/6/EC. The latter indicates 31 December 2012 as the deadline beyond which Member States must not maintain a privileged position of operators providing universal postal services.
{"title":"Legislative and Jurisprudential Developments in the Postal Sector in 2011","authors":"Monika Krakała-Zielińska","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2296655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2296655","url":null,"abstract":"Postal services in Poland are governed by the Postal Law Act of 2003 (in Polish: Prawo Pocztowe) which maintains the monopoly of the public operator Poczta Polska with respect of letters weighing up to 50 grams. However, Poland will have to fully liberalize its postal services market by 31 December 2012. For this reason, the Government adopted on 5 October 2010 Assumptions for the Draft Postal Law Act as proposed by the Minister of Infrastructure. However, the Draft was not placed on the Government’s legislative agenda for 2011. Thus, the majority of legislative work will have to be completed in 2012, a fact that jeopardizes the implementation of Directive 2008/6/EC. The latter indicates 31 December 2012 as the deadline beyond which Member States must not maintain a privileged position of operators providing universal postal services.","PeriodicalId":121229,"journal":{"name":"European Public Law: National eJournal","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115563014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The European Commission published a White Paper on 2 April 2008 on damages actions for breach of EU antitrust rules. The content of the White Paper is since then being prepared to be converted into EU legislation on private antitrust enforcement. This paper presents the developments in private antitrust enforcement in Poland after 2 April 2008. It commences with an outline of EU actions in this field which act as an introduction to the more detailed analysis of recent jurisprudential and legislative developments in Poland. The latter part of the paper covers, in particular, the 2009 Act on the Pursuit of Claims in Group Proceedings and the 2011 Act Amending the Civil Procedure Code and Some Other Acts which abolishes all specific elements of commercial proceedings, including the statutory ‘non-admission of evidence’ principle. These two legal acts are assessed in order to establish whether their introduction is likely to help facilitate private antitrust enforcement in Poland and to consider to what an extent are these developments responding to the challenges outlined by the European Commission.
{"title":"Still-Unpopular Sanctions: Developments in Private Antitrust Enforcement In Poland after the 2008 White Paper","authors":"Anna Piszcz","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2296659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2296659","url":null,"abstract":"The European Commission published a White Paper on 2 April 2008 on damages actions for breach of EU antitrust rules. The content of the White Paper is since then being prepared to be converted into EU legislation on private antitrust enforcement. This paper presents the developments in private antitrust enforcement in Poland after 2 April 2008. It commences with an outline of EU actions in this field which act as an introduction to the more detailed analysis of recent jurisprudential and legislative developments in Poland. The latter part of the paper covers, in particular, the 2009 Act on the Pursuit of Claims in Group Proceedings and the 2011 Act Amending the Civil Procedure Code and Some Other Acts which abolishes all specific elements of commercial proceedings, including the statutory ‘non-admission of evidence’ principle. These two legal acts are assessed in order to establish whether their introduction is likely to help facilitate private antitrust enforcement in Poland and to consider to what an extent are these developments responding to the challenges outlined by the European Commission.","PeriodicalId":121229,"journal":{"name":"European Public Law: National eJournal","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131984209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-06-09DOI: 10.1504/IJPL.2012.043899
Zheng Tang
Non-state law refers to rules that do not belong to any sovereign state. Regardless of the increasing importance of non-state law in international transactions, the application of non-state law in court proceedings has not been clarified. In Europe Union, although the European Commission proposed that contractual parties should be allowed to choose ‘principles and rules of the substantive law of contract recognised internationally or in the community,’ this proposal is not admitted in the final Rome I Regulation. This article considers the European development, discusses whether non-state law should be allowed as the governing law to a cross-border contract upon the parties’ authorisation and provides suggestions for the appropriate treatment of non-state law in private international law.
{"title":"Non-State Law in Party Autonomy – A European Perspective","authors":"Zheng Tang","doi":"10.1504/IJPL.2012.043899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJPL.2012.043899","url":null,"abstract":"Non-state law refers to rules that do not belong to any sovereign state. Regardless of the increasing importance of non-state law in international transactions, the application of non-state law in court proceedings has not been clarified. In Europe Union, although the European Commission proposed that contractual parties should be allowed to choose ‘principles and rules of the substantive law of contract recognised internationally or in the community,’ this proposal is not admitted in the final Rome I Regulation. This article considers the European development, discusses whether non-state law should be allowed as the governing law to a cross-border contract upon the parties’ authorisation and provides suggestions for the appropriate treatment of non-state law in private international law.","PeriodicalId":121229,"journal":{"name":"European Public Law: National eJournal","volume":"349 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113958600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Im Februar 2002 wurde in Berlin die erste Version des Deutschen Corporate Governance Kodex (DCGK) der Offentlichkeit prasentiert. Zehn Jahre spater analysiert und bewertet die vorliegende Studie systematisch und umfassend die Akzeptanz des Kodex und das Complianceverhalten der grosten durch den DCGK adressierten Gesellschaften anhand der durch §161 AktG vorgeschriebenen Entsprechenserklarungen.Die Studie untersucht zunachst das grundsatzliche Niveau der Kodexakzeptanz, aber auch das Entsprechensverhalten der Gesellschaften auf Kapitel-, Ziffer- bis hin auf Satzebene. Erstmals untersucht die Studie die Governance Qualitat der Gesellschaften basierend auf vier eigens hierfur konstruierten Governance Indizes, welche die Kernbereiche Governance – Transparenz, Kontrolle/Uberwachung, Anreizsysteme und Vielfalt – abbilden. Erganzt wird dies um Analysen hinsichtlich des Verhaltens bzgl. Kodexanregungen, des Zusammenhangs zwischen Complianceverhalten und Unternehmensgrose bzw. Eigentumerstruktur und eine Analyse der im Rahmen der Entsprechenserklarungen gegebenen Erlauterungen.Im Rahmen der Studie werden die bis Marz 2012 veroffentlichten Entsprechenserklarungen (gemas §161 AktG) der in DAX und MDAX gelisteten Gesellschaften analysiert. Die untersuchten Unternehmen reprasentieren zu Ende 2011 etwa 90% der Marktkapitalisierung des Prime und General Standard der Deutschen Borse, sodass die Studie einen umfassenden und gleichzeitig individuell-differenzierten Blick auf die Akzeptanz des Deutschen Corporate Governance Kodex in den grosten deutschen Aktiengesellschaften liefert.In February 2002 the Government Commission appointed by the German Justice Minister presented the first version of the German Corporate Governance Code (GCGC). Ten years later the Code Compliance Study 2012 examines the acceptance level of the current version of the GCGC within DAX and MDAX firms. The study analyses overall compliance, as well as the firms’ compliance behavior on the level of chapters, paragraphs and even single recommendations. The study also presents four novel governance indices that measure firms’ compliance behavior along the key dimensions of governance (transparency, monitoring/control, incentives and diversity) and evaluates firms along these measures. Moreover, compliance behavior with respect to Code's suggestions as well as the relationship between firm characteristics and compliance levels is analyzed. Overall, the study presents a broad and comprehensive view on code compliance behavior of German listed firms.
{"title":"Kodexakzeptanz 2012: Analyse der Entsprechenserklärungen zum Deutschen Corporate Governance Kodex (Code Compliance 2012: Analysis of the Declarations of Conformity with the German Corporate Governance Code)","authors":"Christian R. G. Kohl, M. S. Rapp, M. Wolff","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2038411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2038411","url":null,"abstract":"Im Februar 2002 wurde in Berlin die erste Version des Deutschen Corporate Governance Kodex (DCGK) der Offentlichkeit prasentiert. Zehn Jahre spater analysiert und bewertet die vorliegende Studie systematisch und umfassend die Akzeptanz des Kodex und das Complianceverhalten der grosten durch den DCGK adressierten Gesellschaften anhand der durch §161 AktG vorgeschriebenen Entsprechenserklarungen.Die Studie untersucht zunachst das grundsatzliche Niveau der Kodexakzeptanz, aber auch das Entsprechensverhalten der Gesellschaften auf Kapitel-, Ziffer- bis hin auf Satzebene. Erstmals untersucht die Studie die Governance Qualitat der Gesellschaften basierend auf vier eigens hierfur konstruierten Governance Indizes, welche die Kernbereiche Governance – Transparenz, Kontrolle/Uberwachung, Anreizsysteme und Vielfalt – abbilden. Erganzt wird dies um Analysen hinsichtlich des Verhaltens bzgl. Kodexanregungen, des Zusammenhangs zwischen Complianceverhalten und Unternehmensgrose bzw. Eigentumerstruktur und eine Analyse der im Rahmen der Entsprechenserklarungen gegebenen Erlauterungen.Im Rahmen der Studie werden die bis Marz 2012 veroffentlichten Entsprechenserklarungen (gemas §161 AktG) der in DAX und MDAX gelisteten Gesellschaften analysiert. Die untersuchten Unternehmen reprasentieren zu Ende 2011 etwa 90% der Marktkapitalisierung des Prime und General Standard der Deutschen Borse, sodass die Studie einen umfassenden und gleichzeitig individuell-differenzierten Blick auf die Akzeptanz des Deutschen Corporate Governance Kodex in den grosten deutschen Aktiengesellschaften liefert.In February 2002 the Government Commission appointed by the German Justice Minister presented the first version of the German Corporate Governance Code (GCGC). Ten years later the Code Compliance Study 2012 examines the acceptance level of the current version of the GCGC within DAX and MDAX firms. The study analyses overall compliance, as well as the firms’ compliance behavior on the level of chapters, paragraphs and even single recommendations. The study also presents four novel governance indices that measure firms’ compliance behavior along the key dimensions of governance (transparency, monitoring/control, incentives and diversity) and evaluates firms along these measures. Moreover, compliance behavior with respect to Code's suggestions as well as the relationship between firm characteristics and compliance levels is analyzed. Overall, the study presents a broad and comprehensive view on code compliance behavior of German listed firms.","PeriodicalId":121229,"journal":{"name":"European Public Law: National eJournal","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114893685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This working paper describes the legal and policy situation of immigrants in Switzerland 1995 to 2010. It makes use of the MIPEX indicators, and expands these backward in time to explore developments over time. The following policy areas are covered: labour market mobility, family reunion, education, political participation, long-term residence, access to nationality, and anti-discrimination legislation.
{"title":"Legal and Policy Situation of Immigrants: Switzerland","authors":"D. Ruedin","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2026880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2026880","url":null,"abstract":"This working paper describes the legal and policy situation of immigrants in Switzerland 1995 to 2010. It makes use of the MIPEX indicators, and expands these backward in time to explore developments over time. The following policy areas are covered: labour market mobility, family reunion, education, political participation, long-term residence, access to nationality, and anti-discrimination legislation.","PeriodicalId":121229,"journal":{"name":"European Public Law: National eJournal","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117100239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper we look at the Turkish reform process with regard to the Kurdish minority from the perspective of Europeanization and in the light of the external incentives model. As a result, the paper provides a systematic analysis of recent political developments in this area. Additionally, our analysis leads to the questioning of some basic premises of the external incentives model. Most notably in this specific case we find that credible EU commitment, rather than low adoption costs and weak veto players, has constituted a necessary and sufficient condition for the reform process. Likewise, we find a dynamic relationship between EU induced democratic reforms and adoption costs that is largely overlooked in the model.
{"title":"Rethinking Conditionality: Turkey’s EU Accession and the Kurdish Question","authors":"F. Cengiz, L. Hoffmann","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2020197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2020197","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we look at the Turkish reform process with regard to the Kurdish minority from the perspective of Europeanization and in the light of the external incentives model. As a result, the paper provides a systematic analysis of recent political developments in this area. Additionally, our analysis leads to the questioning of some basic premises of the external incentives model. Most notably in this specific case we find that credible EU commitment, rather than low adoption costs and weak veto players, has constituted a necessary and sufficient condition for the reform process. Likewise, we find a dynamic relationship between EU induced democratic reforms and adoption costs that is largely overlooked in the model.","PeriodicalId":121229,"journal":{"name":"European Public Law: National eJournal","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123670257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The government proposal to re-raise the fair dismissal qualification period by Ministerial Order to two years is vulnerable to judicial review, because it will have a discriminatory impact on people protected by the Equality Act 2010 and the EU Equality Directives. The House of Lords addressed the same issue in R (Seymour-Smith) v Secretary of State for Employment after the last time the qualifying period was raised. A better alternative to halt growth in unemployment is probably not allow employers to make it easier to make workers unemployed, but to pay regard to the workforce’s views when determining the fairness of dismissals. In any event, it appears relatively clear that the courts would not let UK governments continue to play political ping pong where equal rights are at stake.
{"title":"Unfair Dismissal Reform: Political Ping-Pong with Equality?","authors":"E. McGaughey","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2014699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2014699","url":null,"abstract":"The government proposal to re-raise the fair dismissal qualification period by Ministerial Order to two years is vulnerable to judicial review, because it will have a discriminatory impact on people protected by the Equality Act 2010 and the EU Equality Directives. The House of Lords addressed the same issue in R (Seymour-Smith) v Secretary of State for Employment after the last time the qualifying period was raised. A better alternative to halt growth in unemployment is probably not allow employers to make it easier to make workers unemployed, but to pay regard to the workforce’s views when determining the fairness of dismissals. In any event, it appears relatively clear that the courts would not let UK governments continue to play political ping pong where equal rights are at stake.","PeriodicalId":121229,"journal":{"name":"European Public Law: National eJournal","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127071190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
La reciente decision de varias Comunidades Autonomas de suprimir sus autoridades de defensa de la competencia supone un evidente punto de inflexion en el proceso de descentralizacion de la aplicacion administrativa del derecho espanol de defensa de la competencia. Este articulo analiza criticamente las circunstancias que han conducido a esta decision y especula sobre el posible desarrollo de la defensa de la competencia autonomica en el futuro.The recent decisions of several Spanish Autonomous Regions to suppress their competition agencies is a turning point in the process of decentralization of the administrative application of competition law in Spain. This article critically examines the circumstances that have led to these decisions and speculates on the possible development of the regional enforcement of competition law in the future.
{"title":"Autoridades autonómicas de defensa de la competencia en vías de extinciónRegional (Antitrust Authorities in Spain in Danger of Extinction( (in Spanish)","authors":"F. Marcos","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.1997114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.1997114","url":null,"abstract":"La reciente decision de varias Comunidades Autonomas de suprimir sus autoridades de defensa de la competencia supone un evidente punto de inflexion en el proceso de descentralizacion de la aplicacion administrativa del derecho espanol de defensa de la competencia. Este articulo analiza criticamente las circunstancias que han conducido a esta decision y especula sobre el posible desarrollo de la defensa de la competencia autonomica en el futuro.The recent decisions of several Spanish Autonomous Regions to suppress their competition agencies is a turning point in the process of decentralization of the administrative application of competition law in Spain. This article critically examines the circumstances that have led to these decisions and speculates on the possible development of the regional enforcement of competition law in the future.","PeriodicalId":121229,"journal":{"name":"European Public Law: National eJournal","volume":"461 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132808593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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