European review for medical and pharmacological sciences最新文献

Correction to: Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27 (4): 1474-1479-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202302_31387-PMID: 36876687 published online on 1 March 2023.  This erratum serves to include the ethics approval date and approval number, which were unintentionally omitted from the originally published online version of the article.  Therefore, the Ethics Approval statement has been corrected as follows:  Institutional ethics approval was obtained from the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University on May 30, 2019, with approval number 241, and informed consent was provided by all the participants.  There are amendments to this paper. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause.  https://www.europeanreview.org/article/31387.

OBJECTIVE: In this multicenter study, we assessed the effectiveness of a novel autologous bone substitute obtained directly from the processing of extracted teeth. A total of 34 consecutive tooth grafting procedures were performed.  MATERIALS AND METHODS: Immediately following atraumatic extraction for restorative or endodontic purposes, the bone defect was filled and covered with an Osseoguard© membrane, using autologous material derived from the extracted tooth. Zimvie T3 PRO© implants with platform switching were placed in 34 patients.   RESULTS: After a 5-month healing period, the defects were significantly filled with newly formed hard tissue. Bone biopsies were subsequently taken during dental implant placement to assess histological outcomes. The tissue demonstrated a density comparable to medium-density bone, with a homogeneous and uniform appearance, showing no visible signs of inflammation. The post-operative healing phase was uneventful, with no infectious complications or evidence of graft particles within the regenerated bone structure. Histomorphometric analyses revealed the following results: average bone volume (BV) of 52.35% (±17.25). The average residual graft (RG) rate was 10.79% (±12.26), while new bone (NB) accounted for 41.56% (±22.02) of the samples.  CONCLUSIONS: Bone grafts resorb very quickly, while xenograft materials maintain space over time, facilitating bone regeneration. Unfortunately, xenograft materials are not osteoinductive, meaning they do not stimulate bone growth; rather, they provide a supportive structure for new bone formation. The findings of the current study revealed a significant increase in three-dimensional bone volume and a substantial percentage of vital bone formation across all socket preservation sites. The possibility of transforming the extracted tooth of the patient chairside into suitable osteoinductive grafting material offers interesting perspectives in the field of bone regeneration for dental implant purposes. The study demonstrated successful bone healing in guided regenerative surgery procedures utilizing autologous tooth grafts. However, further research with an extended follow-up period is necessary to fully evaluate the potential of demineralized dentin autografts.

Graphical abstract: https://www.europeanreview.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/14062-Graphical-abstract-1-scaled.jpg.

OBJECTIVE: Parapneumonic effusion (PPE), a pneumonia-related complication, can progress to complicated PPE (CPPE) and often requires invasive treatment. Although early differentiation is essential, the diagnostic role of hematological inflammatory markers remains unclear. This study evaluated hematological inflammatory markers to distinguish between pleural effusion types, particularly CPPE and uncomplicated PPE (uCPPE), in order to identify the most reliable biomarkers.  MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study analyzed 94 cases of pleural effusion classified as transudative, malignant, tuberculous, or PPE. PPE was further divided into CPPE and uCPPE. C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) levels, systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), CRP/albumin-globulin ratio (CAGR), albumin-globulin ratio (AGR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were analyzed. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the diagnostic accuracy via the area under the curve (AUC) and optimal cut-off values.  RESULTS: Inflammatory markers effectively differentiated pleural effusion types, with CAGR showing the highest accuracy for PPE diagnosis (AUC, 0.866; cut-off: 13.75; sensitivity = 93.8%, specificity = 51.1%). Among the CPPE and uCPPE markers, MLR demonstrated the best performance (AUC: 0.707; cut-off: 3.615; sensitivity: 87.5%; specificity: 77.8%), followed by NLR (AUC: 0.702) and PLR (AUC: 0.704), whereas SIRI and SII had modest utility. Although MLR showed superior accuracy, the addition of SII improved the sensitivity.  CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that among hematological markers, CAGR is the most accurate for diagnosing PPE, while MLR best distinguishes CPPE from uCPPE. However, the limited specificity of CAGR highlights the need for the combined use of biomarkers. Prospective multicenter studies are warranted to validate and refine these findings.

Graphical abstract: https://www.europeanreview.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/Graphical-abstract-2-2-scaled.jpg.

Bloodstream infections (BSIs) pose a significant health burden in clinical settings, contributing to high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. This review aims to analyze the trends of bacterial and fungal BSI and blood culture pathogen profiles reported in adolescents and adults in Southeast Asian (SEA) countries, drawing from published studies between 2018 and 2024. A comprehensive literature search was conducted via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, analyzing 23 studies that included 14,512 patients from 7 SEA countries. The narrative review highlighted various prevalence rates of bacterial and fungal BSIs among different patient groups: those with indwelling catheters (0.6%-46.9%), sepsis (12.6%-44.5%), and hospitalized patients with other comorbidities (1.1%-29.5%). Blood culture findings revealed that Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were the most commonly isolated gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, respectively, while Candida species emerged as the predominant fungal pathogen. Notably, non-albicans Candida species were more common than Candida albicans in SEA fungemia patients. The overall findings of pathogen distribution in blood cultures from SEA patients are consistent with global surveillance data; however, distinct regional pathogens endemic to SEA, particularly Burkholderia pseudomallei and Talaromyces marneffei, were also identified. Significant gaps exist in determining bacterial and fungal BSI epidemiology among vulnerable populations, including the acquisition sources, risk factors, antimicrobial resistance patterns, and mortality rates across the SEA region. Overcoming challenges arising from inadequate surveillance and diagnostic capabilities could significantly reduce the BSI burden in the region.

Graphical abstract: https://www.europeanreview.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/Graphical-AbstractNEW-BIS.jpg.

OBJECTIVE: α-tocopherol has a protective role against free radical-induced damage. The intestinal absorption of α-tocopherol is in part carried out by Nieman-Pick1-like1 protein, which is the target of ezetimibe, a drug used for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Ezetimibe is frequently prescribed to patients with type 2 diabetes in combination with statins. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of ezetimibe treatment on the blood level of α-tocopherol. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred patients affected by type 2 diabetes, regularly attending the diabetes clinic, were recruited. All patients should not have received vitamin supplements in the six months preceding the study. α-tocopherol was measured by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. Other laboratory parameters were determined by standard laboratory procedures. Patients were analyzed according to ezetimibe treatment. A linear multivariate regression analysis was used to estimate the factors associated with α-tocopherol level. RESULTS: The majority of patients were on ezetimibe/statin treatment. Patients taking ezetimibe showed a significantly lower α-tocopherol level, 29.9±5.7 vs. 32.9±7.0 μmol/L (p=0.006) compared to those not taking the drug. Ezetimibe was significantly and negatively associated with α-tocopherol level in the multivariate analysis (β standardized coefficient = -.217, p = .002). CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with ezetimibe can reduce α-tocopherol plasma levels by inhibiting the Niemann-Pick C1-like protein. Future studies are required to address the clinical implications of this finding.

Graphical abstract: https://www.europeanreview.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/Graphical-Abstract-NEW-2-scaled.jpg.

Objective: The study compared anterior knee laxity and anterior cruciate ligament magnetic resonance signals between healthy and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) knees after exercise to verify differences. This research can guide future training to reduce the risk of reinjury.

Materials and methods: Fifty-four male footballers between June and August 2022 were enrolled in this case-control study. Subjects who underwent ACLR in the previous 3 years (study group) were compared with healthy volunteers (control group). Each group consisted of twenty-seven patients. Data recorded were anterior tibial translation (ATT) expressed in millimeters using an arthrometer and the ratio of ACL to fat tissue signal intensity using magnetic resonance imaging. Measurements were collected at T0 (at rest), T1 (after 40 minutes of linear running of 3.5 miles), and T2 (after 90 minutes of a regular football match).

Results: No statistical difference was observed in demographic pre-analysis features. No difference was indicated between the two groups according to ATT. Conversely, ACL natives demonstrated significant increases in the ratio of ACL to fat tissue signal intensity when compared with ACLR in the three different measurements. Regarding differences within each group, we demonstrated that anterior knee laxity increased in both groups after 90 minutes of a regular football match. The ACL MRI signal did not differ in the study group, but it increased in the control group after exercise.

Conclusions: Although exhibiting distinct MRI signals, ACL-reconstructed tendons show similar post-exercise joint laxity as healthy ligaments. Looking ahead, leveraging specific insights could help tailor training sessions for preventive purposes.

The article "The efficacy and safety of a single dose of Polyhexamethylene Biguanide gynaecologic solution versus a seven-dose regimen of vaginal clindamycin cream in patients with bacterial vaginosis" by M. Minozzi, S. Gerli, G.C. Di Renzo, E. Papaleo, A. Ferrari, published in Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2008; 12 (1): 59-65-PMID: 18401974 has been retracted by the Authors in accordance with the Publisher and the Editor in Chief. Following some concerns raised by a third party regarding a possible high degree of textual similarity with a previously published paper, the journal has started an investigation. The authors were informed of the ongoing investigation and were asked to provide original data and clarify several other issues. In response, the authors requested the retraction of the manuscript, citing discrepancies related to the article and expressing a lack of confidence in the accuracy of the information submitted. This article has been retracted. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/477.

The Editor in Chief and the Publisher are issuing an expression of concern regarding the following article: Unfer V, Carlomagno G, Rizzo P, Raffone E, Roseff S. Myo-inositol rather than D-chiro-inositol is able to improve oocyte quality in intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles. A prospective, controlled, randomized trial. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2011 Apr; 15(4): 452-457. PMID: 21608442. This Expression of Concern is issued following a notification from a third party concerning a potential conflict of interest involving Dr. Unfer's role at Loli Pharma, the company marketing inositol-based products. This expression of concern aims to notify a possible bias arising from an undeclared conflict of interest. The authors have been notified of both the ongoing investigation and the publication of this notice. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/929.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the metabolic profiles and the frequency of the Serine/threonine kinase 11 (STK11) rs8111699 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) among Jordanian women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety Jordanian women with PCOS and ninety healthy controls participated in the study. Metabolic characteristics were recorded, and direct sequencing was used to identify STK11 SNP genotypes. RESULTS: Among the PCOS patients, 23 (31.1%) had the wild-type (CC) genotype, while 39 (46.6%) and 28 (35.5%) had heterozygous (CG) and homozygous (GG) genotypes, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the genotype and allele distribution between the cases and controls (p=0.264 and p<0.702, respectively). Women carrying the minor G allele had poor metabolic profiles and more severe clinical features. CONCLUSIONS: The findings support the importance of early detection of PCOS, especially in high-risk populations, to enable timely preventive interventions. The interplay between genetic and metabolic profiles offers guidance for improving treatment outcomes in women with PCOS.

Graphical abstract: https://www.europeanreview.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/Graphical-abstract-14056.jpg.

OBJECTIVE: Open partial laryngectomy (pLE), in cases not suited for transoral resection, aims to provide an oncologically safe resection, maintaining laryngeal function without the need for permanent tracheostomy. In cases requiring extensive resection, debate remains about whether pLE is feasible with a functional outcome or if total laryngectomy (tLE) is preferable. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This monocentric retrospective cohort study evaluated the resection of locally advanced (T3, T4) laryngeal carcinoma (LC) performed via open pLE or tLE between November 2010 and August 2023. Transoral resections, T1 and T2 cases were excluded. The presence of tracheostomy, the rate of oral feeding, the ability to phonate, and the oncologic outcome were assessed. RESULTS: The outcome of 38 pLEs and 56 tLEs was assessed. Adjuvant therapy was administered in 76% (n=29/38) pLEs and 47% (n=26/56) tLEs. While the oncologic results remained comparable between the two procedures (negative margins: p = 0.349; 5-year overall survival: p = 0.421), total laryngectomy (tLE) achieved better functional outcomes. Swallowing ability was markedly better after tLE (pLE vs. tLE: 39.5% vs. 91%, p < 0.001), particularly in patients with T4 tumors (pLE vs. tLE: 14% vs. 89%, p < 0.001) and in those over 65 years (pLE vs. tLE: 14% vs. 100%; p < 0.001). Overall, aspiration was the most frequent post-therapeutic complication after pLE, preventing unassisted oral intake in 58% of cases (22/38). The tracheostomy could be closed in 26% (n=10/38) of pLE-patients, at a median of 6.57 months (range 0.6-24 months). Consequently, after pLE 74% (n=28/38) of patients retained their tracheostomy at a median follow-up of 4 years. CONCLUSIONS: The low rates of tracheostoma closure, low rates of oral feeding over a median of 4 years, and R0 resection status of T4 tumors after pLE compared to tLE suggest patients with locally advanced LC are better suited for tLE.

Graphical abstract: https://www.europeanreview.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/Graphical-Abstract-NEW-1.jpg.