Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.39.2409268
{"title":"Traineeships at the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC).","authors":"","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.39.2409268","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.39.2409268","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"29 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11484348/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.36.2400195
Barbara Viginier, Raphaëlle Klitting, Clémence Galon, Violaine Bonnefoux, Christophe Bellet, Albin Fontaine, Élise Brottet, Marie-Claire Paty, Armelle Mercurol, Nathalie Ragozin, Sara Moutailler, Gilda Grard, Xavier de Lamballerie, Frédérick Arnaud, Maxime Ratinier, Vincent Raquin
While locally-acquired dengue virus (DENV) human infections occur in mainland France since 2010, data to identify the mosquito species involved and to trace the virus are frequently lacking. Supported by a local network gathering public health agencies and research laboratories, we analysed, in late summer 2023, mosquitoes from privately-owned traps within a French urban neighbourhood affected by a dengue cluster. The cluster, in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, comprised three cases, including two autochthonous ones. Upon return from a recent visit to the French Caribbean Islands, the third case had consulted healthcare because of dengue-compatible symptoms, but dengue had not been recognised. For the two autochthonous cases, DENV-specific antibodies in serum or a positive quantitative PCR for DENV confirmed DENV infection. The third case had anti-flavivirus IgMs. No DENV genetic sequences were obtained from affected individuals but Aedes albopictus mosquitoes trapped less than 200 m from the autochthonous cases' residence contained DENV. Genetic data from the mosquito-derived DENV linked the cluster to the 2023-2024 dengue outbreak in the French Caribbean Islands. This study highlights the importance of raising mosquito-borne disease awareness among healthcare professionals. It demonstrates Ae. albopictus as a DENV vector in mainland France and the value of private mosquito traps for entomo-virological surveillance.
{"title":"Peri-domestic entomological surveillance using private traps allows detection of dengue virus in <i>Aedes albopictus</i> during an autochthonous transmission event in mainland France, late summer 2023.","authors":"Barbara Viginier, Raphaëlle Klitting, Clémence Galon, Violaine Bonnefoux, Christophe Bellet, Albin Fontaine, Élise Brottet, Marie-Claire Paty, Armelle Mercurol, Nathalie Ragozin, Sara Moutailler, Gilda Grard, Xavier de Lamballerie, Frédérick Arnaud, Maxime Ratinier, Vincent Raquin","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.36.2400195","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.36.2400195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While locally-acquired dengue virus (DENV) human infections occur in mainland France since 2010, data to identify the mosquito species involved and to trace the virus are frequently lacking. Supported by a local network gathering public health agencies and research laboratories, we analysed, in late summer 2023, mosquitoes from privately-owned traps within a French urban neighbourhood affected by a dengue cluster. The cluster, in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, comprised three cases, including two autochthonous ones. Upon return from a recent visit to the French Caribbean Islands, the third case had consulted healthcare because of dengue-compatible symptoms, but dengue had not been recognised. For the two autochthonous cases, DENV-specific antibodies in serum or a positive quantitative PCR for DENV confirmed DENV infection. The third case had anti-flavivirus IgMs. No DENV genetic sequences were obtained from affected individuals but <i>Aedes albopictus</i> mosquitoes trapped less than 200 m from the autochthonous cases' residence contained DENV. Genetic data from the mosquito-derived DENV linked the cluster to the 2023-2024 dengue outbreak in the French Caribbean Islands. This study highlights the importance of raising mosquito-borne disease awareness among healthcare professionals. It demonstrates <i>Ae. albopictus</i> as a DENV vector in mainland France and the value of private mosquito traps for entomo-virological surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"29 36","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11378516/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142139758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.36.240905c
{"title":"Authors' correction for Euro Surveill. 2024;29(32).","authors":"","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.36.240905c","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.36.240905c","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"29 36","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142139742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.36.2400517
Tatjana Nemeth Blažić, Nina Krajcar, Mirjana Lana Kosanović Ličina, Dominik Ljubas, Otilia Mardh, Ivana Božičević
Four infants potentially exposed to syphilis infection in utero, meeting World Health Organization surveillance criteria of congenital syphilis (CS), were diagnosed in Croatia between September 2020 and January 2024. We conducted a retrospective analysis of epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data of these cases to assess compliance with surveillance case definitions. As only one confirmed CS case has been reported in Croatia in over 2 decades, these reports signal an increased risk of syphilis vertical transmission and warrant strengthening antenatal screening.
{"title":"Worrying increase in the risk of vertical transmission of syphilis in Croatia, 2020 to 2024.","authors":"Tatjana Nemeth Blažić, Nina Krajcar, Mirjana Lana Kosanović Ličina, Dominik Ljubas, Otilia Mardh, Ivana Božičević","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.36.2400517","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.36.2400517","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Four infants potentially exposed to syphilis infection in utero, meeting World Health Organization surveillance criteria of congenital syphilis (CS), were diagnosed in Croatia between September 2020 and January 2024. We conducted a retrospective analysis of epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data of these cases to assess compliance with surveillance case definitions. As only one confirmed CS case has been reported in Croatia in over 2 decades, these reports signal an increased risk of syphilis vertical transmission and warrant strengthening antenatal screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"29 36","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11378514/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142139759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.39.2409269
{"title":"Author's correction for Euro Surveill. 2024;29(34).","authors":"","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.39.2409269","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.39.2409269","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"29 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11484344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.39.2400119
Michael Stucki, Golda Lenzin, Philipp Ka Agyeman, Klara M Posfay-Barbe, Nicole Ritz, Johannes Trück, Angela Fallegger, Susanne G Oberle, Oliver Martyn, Simon Wieser
BackgroundRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of acute respiratory infections and hospitalisations in infants (age < 1 year) and young children. Little is known on RSV epidemiology and related inpatient healthcare resource use (HCRU) in Switzerland.AimTo explore RSV-related hospitalisations, inpatient HCRU and medical costs in all age groups, and risk factors for infant hospitalisations in Switzerland.MethodsWe used national hospital registry data from 2003 to 2021 identifying RSV cases with ICD-10-GM codes, and described demographic characteristics, HCRU and associated medical costs of RSV inpatients. The effect of risk factors on infant hospitalisation was estimated with logistic regression.ResultsWe observed a general increase and biannual pattern in RSV hospitalisations between 2003/04 and 2018/19, with 3,575 hospitalisations in 2018/19 and 2,487 in 2019/20 before numbers declined in 2020/21 (n = 902). Around two thirds of all hospitalisations occurred in infants. Mean (median) age was 118 (85) days in hospitalised infants and 74 (77) years in hospitalised adult patients (> 18 years); 7.2% of cases required intensive care unit stay. Mean inpatient medical costs were estimated at EUR 8,046. Most (90.8%) hospitalised infants with RSV were born after 35 weeks of gestation without bronchopulmonary dysplasia or congenital heart disease. Low birth weight, gestational age and congenital disorders were associated with a higher risk for hospitalisation.ConclusionsRSV leads to a substantial number of hospitalisations and peaks in hospital capacity utilisation. Measures to protect all infants from an RSV hospitalisation are essential in addressing this public health challenge.
{"title":"Inpatient burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in Switzerland, 2003 to 2021: an analysis of administrative data.","authors":"Michael Stucki, Golda Lenzin, Philipp Ka Agyeman, Klara M Posfay-Barbe, Nicole Ritz, Johannes Trück, Angela Fallegger, Susanne G Oberle, Oliver Martyn, Simon Wieser","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.39.2400119","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.39.2400119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of acute respiratory infections and hospitalisations in infants (age < 1 year) and young children. Little is known on RSV epidemiology and related inpatient healthcare resource use (HCRU) in Switzerland.AimTo explore RSV-related hospitalisations, inpatient HCRU and medical costs in all age groups, and risk factors for infant hospitalisations in Switzerland.MethodsWe used national hospital registry data from 2003 to 2021 identifying RSV cases with ICD-10-GM codes, and described demographic characteristics, HCRU and associated medical costs of RSV inpatients. The effect of risk factors on infant hospitalisation was estimated with logistic regression.ResultsWe observed a general increase and biannual pattern in RSV hospitalisations between 2003/04 and 2018/19, with 3,575 hospitalisations in 2018/19 and 2,487 in 2019/20 before numbers declined in 2020/21 (n = 902). Around two thirds of all hospitalisations occurred in infants. Mean (median) age was 118 (85) days in hospitalised infants and 74 (77) years in hospitalised adult patients (> 18 years); 7.2% of cases required intensive care unit stay. Mean inpatient medical costs were estimated at EUR 8,046. Most (90.8%) hospitalised infants with RSV were born after 35 weeks of gestation without bronchopulmonary dysplasia or congenital heart disease. Low birth weight, gestational age and congenital disorders were associated with a higher risk for hospitalisation.ConclusionsRSV leads to a substantial number of hospitalisations and peaks in hospital capacity utilisation. Measures to protect all infants from an RSV hospitalisation are essential in addressing this public health challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"29 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11484346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.38.2400083
Vita W Jongen, Daniela Bezemer, Ard van Sighem, Anders Boyd, Casper Rokx, Karin Grintjes, Aafke Cents-Bosma, Eline Op de Coul, Birgit van Benthem, Annemarie Wensing, Ferdinand Wnm Wit, Marc van der Valk
BackgroundIn the Netherlands, HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has been available since 2019. However, the extent of PrEP use prior to HIV diagnosis and development of PrEP-resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) is not known.AimWe assessed prior PrEP use and potential transmission of PrEP RAMs among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender persons (TGP) with a new HIV diagnosis in the Netherlands.MethodsData on prior PrEP use between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2022 were available from the Dutch national ATHENA cohort. We assessed proportion of prior PrEP use, detected PrEP associated RAMs and assessed potential onward transmission of RAMs between 2010 and 2022 using a maximum likelihood tree.ResultsData on prior PrEP use were available for 583/1,552 (36.3%) individuals, with 16% (94/583) reporting prior PrEP use. In 489 individuals reporting no prior PrEP use, 51.5% did not use PrEP due to: low HIV-risk perception (29%), no access (19.1%), personal preference (13.1%), and being unaware of PrEP (19.1%). For PrEP users, 13/94 (13.8%) harboured a M184V/I mutation, of whom two also harboured a K65R mutation. In people with a recent HIV infection, detection of PrEP RAMs increased from 0.23% (2/862) before 2019 to 4.11% (9/219) from 2019. We found no evidence of onward transmission of PrEP RAMs.ConclusionThe prevalence of PrEP-associated RAMs has increased since PrEP became available in the Netherlands. More widespread access to PrEP and retaining people in PrEP programmes when still at substantial risk is crucial to preventing new HIV infections.
背景在荷兰,艾滋病毒暴露前预防疗法(PrEP)自 2019 年起开始提供。AimWe assessed prior PrEP use and potential transmission of PrEP RAMs among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender persons (TGP) with a new HIV diagnosis in the Netherlands.MethodsData on prior PrEP use between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2022 were available from the Dutch national ATHENA cohort.我们评估了之前使用 PrEP 的比例,检测了与 PrEP 相关的 RAMs,并使用最大似然树评估了 2010 年至 2022 年间 RAMs 的潜在继续传播情况。结果 有 583/1,552 人(36.3%)提供了之前使用 PrEP 的数据,其中 16%(94/583)报告之前使用过 PrEP。在 489 名报告之前未使用过 PrEP 的人中,51.5% 的人未使用 PrEP 的原因是:对 HIV 风险认识不足(29%)、无法获得(19.1%)、个人偏好(13.1%)以及不了解 PrEP(19.1%)。在 PrEP 使用者中,13/94(13.8%)人携带 M184V/I 突变,其中两人还携带 K65R 突变。在近期感染艾滋病毒的人群中,PrEP RAMs 的检出率从 2019 年前的 0.23%(2/862)上升到 2019 年后的 4.11%(9/219)。我们没有发现 PrEP RAMs 向前传播的证据。结论自 PrEP 在荷兰上市以来,PrEP 相关 RAMs 的流行率有所上升。更广泛地普及 PrEP 并在仍有重大风险时将人们留在 PrEP 计划中对于预防新的 HIV 感染至关重要。
{"title":"Oral HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis use and resistance-associated mutations among men who have sex with men and transgender persons newly diagnosed with HIV in the Netherlands: results from the ATHENA cohort, 2018 to 2022.","authors":"Vita W Jongen, Daniela Bezemer, Ard van Sighem, Anders Boyd, Casper Rokx, Karin Grintjes, Aafke Cents-Bosma, Eline Op de Coul, Birgit van Benthem, Annemarie Wensing, Ferdinand Wnm Wit, Marc van der Valk","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.38.2400083","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.38.2400083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundIn the Netherlands, HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has been available since 2019. However, the extent of PrEP use prior to HIV diagnosis and development of PrEP-resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) is not known.AimWe assessed prior PrEP use and potential transmission of PrEP RAMs among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender persons (TGP) with a new HIV diagnosis in the Netherlands.MethodsData on prior PrEP use between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2022 were available from the Dutch national ATHENA cohort. We assessed proportion of prior PrEP use, detected PrEP associated RAMs and assessed potential onward transmission of RAMs between 2010 and 2022 using a maximum likelihood tree.ResultsData on prior PrEP use were available for 583/1,552 (36.3%) individuals, with 16% (94/583) reporting prior PrEP use. In 489 individuals reporting no prior PrEP use, 51.5% did not use PrEP due to: low HIV-risk perception (29%), no access (19.1%), personal preference (13.1%), and being unaware of PrEP (19.1%). For PrEP users, 13/94 (13.8%) harboured a M184V/I mutation, of whom two also harboured a K65R mutation. In people with a recent HIV infection, detection of PrEP RAMs increased from 0.23% (2/862) before 2019 to 4.11% (9/219) from 2019. We found no evidence of onward transmission of PrEP RAMs.ConclusionThe prevalence of PrEP-associated RAMs has increased since PrEP became available in the Netherlands. More widespread access to PrEP and retaining people in PrEP programmes when still at substantial risk is crucial to preventing new HIV infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"29 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11484289/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142282651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.39.2400625
Preeti Chhabra, Shan Wong, Sandra Niendorf, Ingeborg Lederer, Harry Vennema, Mirko Faber, Athinna Nisavanh, Sonja Jacobsen, Rachel Williams, Aoife Colgan, Zoe Yandle, Patricia Garvey, Haider Al-Hello, Katia Ambert-Balay, Leslie Barclay, Miranda de Graaf, Cristina Celma, Judith Breuer, Jan Vinjé, Amy Douglas
We report an increase in GII.17 norovirus outbreaks and sporadic infections of acute gastroenteritis in Austria, Germany, France, Ireland, the Netherlands, England and the United States during the 2023/24 season. A decrease in GII.4 coincided with GII.17 prevalence increasing to between 17% and 64% of all GII detections. Overall, 84% of the GII.17 strains clustered closely with strains first reported in Romania in 2021 and two new sub-lineages were identified. Norovirus surveillance and molecular characterisation should be prioritised this winter.
{"title":"Increased circulation of GII.17 noroviruses, six European countries and the United States, 2023 to 2024.","authors":"Preeti Chhabra, Shan Wong, Sandra Niendorf, Ingeborg Lederer, Harry Vennema, Mirko Faber, Athinna Nisavanh, Sonja Jacobsen, Rachel Williams, Aoife Colgan, Zoe Yandle, Patricia Garvey, Haider Al-Hello, Katia Ambert-Balay, Leslie Barclay, Miranda de Graaf, Cristina Celma, Judith Breuer, Jan Vinjé, Amy Douglas","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.39.2400625","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.39.2400625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report an increase in GII.17 norovirus outbreaks and sporadic infections of acute gastroenteritis in Austria, Germany, France, Ireland, the Netherlands, England and the United States during the 2023/24 season. A decrease in GII.4 coincided with GII.17 prevalence increasing to between 17% and 64% of all GII detections. Overall, 84% of the GII.17 strains clustered closely with strains first reported in Romania in 2021 and two new sub-lineages were identified. Norovirus surveillance and molecular characterisation should be prioritised this winter.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"29 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11484341/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.39.2300714
Carolin Hackmann, Antonia Genath, Désirée Gruhl, Anna Weber, Friederike Maechler, Axel Kola, Frank Schwab, Stefan Schwarz, Antina Lübke-Becker, Thomas Schneider, Petra Gastmeier, Rasmus Leistner
BackgroundCarriage of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) in humans constitutes an important public health concern. Cross-transmission of bacteria between animals and humans has been demonstrated before.AimOur aim was to quantify the risk factor 'pet ownership' for MDRO colonisation in hospital patients.MethodsWe performed a matched case-control study from 2019 to 2022 in Berlin, Germany and compared MDRO-positive and MDRO-negative patients in terms of contact with pets and other risk factors for MDRO acquisition. Patients completed a questionnaire-based interview and provided nasal and rectal swabs. Pet owners provided swab samples from the throat and stool of their pets (dogs and cats). Phenotypically matching samples of owners and pets were analysed via whole genome sequencing.ResultsThe analyses included 2,891 patients. Reported pet ownership was 17.7% in MDRO-positives (154/871) and 23.4% in MDRO-negatives (472/2,020). Among 397 owner-pet pairs, we identified one pair sharing genotypically indistinguishable pathogens (0.3%). A risk factor analysis of pet ownership was performed for carriers of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (OR = 0.662; 95% CI: 0.343-1.277), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) (OR = 0.764; 95% CI: 0.522-1.118) and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB) (OR = 0.819; 95% CI: 0.620-1.082). Colonisation with MDRO was rare in pets, and dogs were more often colonised than cats (MRSA: 0% vs 0%, VRE: 1.5% vs 1.0%, MDR-GNB: 17.2% vs 3.6%).ConclusionTransmission of MDROs between humans and pets is possible though rare. In an urban living space, neither cat nor dog ownership appears as a relevant risk factor for MDRO carriage in hospital patients.
背景耐多药生物(MDRO)在人类中的携带是一个重要的公共卫生问题。我们的目的是量化 "拥有宠物 "这一风险因素对医院患者MDRO定植的影响。方法我们于2019年至2022年在德国柏林开展了一项匹配病例对照研究,并比较了MDRO阳性和MDRO阴性患者与宠物的接触情况以及MDRO感染的其他风险因素。患者完成了问卷调查,并提供了鼻腔和直肠拭子。宠物主人提供了宠物(狗和猫)的咽喉和粪便拭子样本。通过全基因组测序对主人和宠物的表型匹配样本进行分析。MDRO阳性患者中报告拥有宠物的比例为17.7%(154/871),MDRO阴性患者中报告拥有宠物的比例为23.4%(472/2,020)。在 397 对宠物主人中,我们发现有一对共享基因型无法区分的病原体(0.3%)。对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)(OR = 0.662;95% CI:0.343-1.277)、耐万古霉素肠球菌(VRE)(OR = 0.764;95% CI:0.522-1.118)和耐多药革兰氏阴性菌(MDR-GNB)(OR = 0.819;95% CI:0.620-1.082)的携带者进行了养宠风险因素分析。宠物很少定植MDRO,狗比猫更常定植MDRO(MRSA:0% vs 0%;VRE:1.5% vs 1.0%;MDR-GNB:17.2% vs 3.6%)。在城市生活中,养猫或养狗似乎都不是医院病人携带 MDRO 的相关风险因素。
{"title":"The transmission risk of multidrug-resistant organisms between hospital patients and their pets - a case-control study, Germany, 2019 to 2022.","authors":"Carolin Hackmann, Antonia Genath, Désirée Gruhl, Anna Weber, Friederike Maechler, Axel Kola, Frank Schwab, Stefan Schwarz, Antina Lübke-Becker, Thomas Schneider, Petra Gastmeier, Rasmus Leistner","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.39.2300714","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.39.2300714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundCarriage of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) in humans constitutes an important public health concern. Cross-transmission of bacteria between animals and humans has been demonstrated before.AimOur aim was to quantify the risk factor 'pet ownership' for MDRO colonisation in hospital patients.MethodsWe performed a matched case-control study from 2019 to 2022 in Berlin, Germany and compared MDRO-positive and MDRO-negative patients in terms of contact with pets and other risk factors for MDRO acquisition. Patients completed a questionnaire-based interview and provided nasal and rectal swabs. Pet owners provided swab samples from the throat and stool of their pets (dogs and cats). Phenotypically matching samples of owners and pets were analysed via whole genome sequencing.ResultsThe analyses included 2,891 patients. Reported pet ownership was 17.7% in MDRO-positives (154/871) and 23.4% in MDRO-negatives (472/2,020). Among 397 owner-pet pairs, we identified one pair sharing genotypically indistinguishable pathogens (0.3%). A risk factor analysis of pet ownership was performed for carriers of meticillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) (OR = 0.662; 95% CI: 0.343-1.277), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) (OR = 0.764; 95% CI: 0.522-1.118) and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB) (OR = 0.819; 95% CI: 0.620-1.082). Colonisation with MDRO was rare in pets, and dogs were more often colonised than cats (MRSA: 0% vs 0%, VRE: 1.5% vs 1.0%, MDR-GNB: 17.2% vs 3.6%).ConclusionTransmission of MDROs between humans and pets is possible though rare. In an urban living space, neither cat nor dog ownership appears as a relevant risk factor for MDRO carriage in hospital patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"29 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11484343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.38.2400105
Kadir Akar, Hanka Brangsch, Tariq Jamil, Gülseren Yıldız Öz, Emin Ayhan Baklan, Buket Eroğlu, Eray Atıl, Sevil Erdenlig Gürbilek, Oktay Keskin, Osman Yaşar Tel, Ayfer Güllü Yücetepe, Vassilios Sandalakis, Evridiki Boukouvala, Anna Psaroulaki, Ashraf A Abd El Tawab, Falk Melzer, Mathias W Pletz, Heinrich Neubauer, Gamal Wareth
BackgroundBrucellosis is a bacterial zoonosis causing severe illness in humans and animals and leading to economic losses in the livestock production in Türkiye and other endemic countries.AimWe aimed at investigating genomic differences of Brucella isolates from animals and humans in Türkiye.MethodsWe used whole genome sequencing (WGS) to assess the genetic diversity of Brucella isolates from 41 provinces in Türkiye and compared with isolates from other countries. We applied allele-based typing and core genome single nucleotide polymorphism (cgSNP) determination.ResultsOf the 106 Turkish Brucella isolates included, 57 were B. abortus and 49 were B. melitensis. One B. melitensis and two B. abortus isolates were identified as vaccine strains. Most (n = 55) B. abortus isolates clustered in three major branches, with no spatial discernible pattern. Of the B. melitensis isolates, 48 were assigned to the Eastern Mediterranean lineage with no discernible patterns between host species, location and sampling date. The Turkish isolates clustered with isolates from neighbouring countries such as Greece and Syria, but some also with isolates from human patients in European countries, like Germany, Norway and Sweden, suggesting that the source may be travel-related.ConclusionSeveral B. melitensis and B. abortus lineages are circulating in Türkiye. To decrease the prevalence and prevent brucellosis in animals and humans, stricter control measures are needed, particularly in areas where humans and animals have close contact. Furthermore, illegal transportation of animals across borders should be more closely controlled and regulated.
{"title":"Genomic analysis of <i>Brucella</i> isolates from animals and humans, Türkiye, 2010 to 2020.","authors":"Kadir Akar, Hanka Brangsch, Tariq Jamil, Gülseren Yıldız Öz, Emin Ayhan Baklan, Buket Eroğlu, Eray Atıl, Sevil Erdenlig Gürbilek, Oktay Keskin, Osman Yaşar Tel, Ayfer Güllü Yücetepe, Vassilios Sandalakis, Evridiki Boukouvala, Anna Psaroulaki, Ashraf A Abd El Tawab, Falk Melzer, Mathias W Pletz, Heinrich Neubauer, Gamal Wareth","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.38.2400105","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.38.2400105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundBrucellosis is a bacterial zoonosis causing severe illness in humans and animals and leading to economic losses in the livestock production in Türkiye and other endemic countries.AimWe aimed at investigating genomic differences of <i>Brucella</i> isolates from animals and humans in Türkiye.MethodsWe used whole genome sequencing (WGS) to assess the genetic diversity of <i>Brucella</i> isolates from 41 provinces in Türkiye and compared with isolates from other countries. We applied allele-based typing and core genome single nucleotide polymorphism (cgSNP) determination.ResultsOf the 106 Turkish <i>Brucella</i> isolates included, 57 were <i>B. abortus</i> and 49 were <i>B. melitensis</i>. One <i>B. melitensis</i> and two <i>B. abortus</i> isolates were identified as vaccine strains. Most (n = 55) <i>B. abortus</i> isolates clustered in three major branches, with no spatial discernible pattern. Of the <i>B. melitensis</i> isolates<i>,</i> 48 were assigned to the Eastern Mediterranean lineage with no discernible patterns between host species, location and sampling date. The Turkish isolates clustered with isolates from neighbouring countries such as Greece and Syria, but some also with isolates from human patients in European countries, like Germany, Norway and Sweden, suggesting that the source may be travel-related.ConclusionSeveral <i>B. melitensis</i> and <i>B. abortus</i> lineages are circulating in Türkiye. To decrease the prevalence and prevent brucellosis in animals and humans, stricter control measures are needed, particularly in areas where humans and animals have close contact. Furthermore, illegal transportation of animals across borders should be more closely controlled and regulated.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"29 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11484290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142282649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}