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An outbreak of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7 associated with contaminated lettuce and the cascading risks from climate change, the United Kingdom, August to September 2022. 与受污染生菜有关的产志贺毒素大肠杆菌(STEC)O157:H7疫情和气候变化的连带风险,英国,2022年8月至9月。
IF 9.9 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.36.2400161
Neil Cunningham, Claire Jenkins, Sarah Williams, Joanna Garner, Bernd Eggen, Amy Douglas, Tina Potter, Anthony Wilson, Giovanni Leonardi, Lesley Larkin, Susan Hopkins

Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157 is a food-borne pathogen which causes gastrointestinal illness in humans. Ruminants are considered the main reservoir of infection, and STEC exceedance has been associated with heavy rainfall. In September 2022, a large outbreak of STEC O157:H7 was identified in the United Kingdom (UK). A national-level investigation was undertaken to identify the source of the outbreak and inform risk mitigation strategies. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was used to identify outbreak cases. Overall, 259 cases with illness onset dates between 5 August and 12 October 2022, were confirmed across the UK. Epidemiological investigations supported a UK grown, nationally distributed, short shelf-life food item as the source of the outbreak. Analytical epidemiology and food chain analysis suggested lettuce as the likely vehicle of infection. Food supply chain tracing identified Grower X as the likely implicated producer. Independent of the food chain investigations, a novel geospatial analysis triangulating meteorological, flood risk, animal density and land use data was developed, also identifying Grower X as the likely source. Novel geospatial analysis and One Health approaches are potential tools for upstream data analysis to predict and prevent contamination events before they occur and to support evidence generation in outbreak investigations.

产志贺毒素大肠埃希氏菌(STEC)O157 是一种食源性病原体,可导致人类肠胃疾病。反刍动物被认为是主要的感染源,STEC超标与暴雨有关。2022 年 9 月,英国爆发了大规模的 STEC O157:H7 疫情。为确定疫情来源并为降低风险战略提供信息,英国开展了国家级调查。全基因组测序 (WGS) 被用来确定疫情病例。英国全国共确诊 259 例病例,发病日期在 2022 年 8 月 5 日至 10 月 12 日之间。流行病学调查支持英国种植、全国销售、保质期短的食品为疫情源头。流行病学分析和食物链分析表明,莴苣可能是感染源。食品供应链追踪发现,种植者 X 可能是受牵连的生产者。在食物链调查之外,还开发了一种新的地理空间分析方法,将气象、洪水风险、动物密度和土地使用数据三角化,也确定 X 种植者可能是疫源地。新型地理空间分析和 "同一健康 "方法是上游数据分析的潜在工具,可在污染事件发生前进行预测和预防,并为疫情调查中的证据生成提供支持。
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引用次数: 0
Genomic analysis of Brucella isolates from animals and humans, Türkiye, 2010 to 2020. 2010 年至 2020 年从土耳其动物和人类分离的布鲁氏菌的基因组分析。
IF 9.9 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.38.2400105
Kadir Akar, Hanka Brangsch, Tariq Jamil, Gülseren Yıldız Öz, Emin Ayhan Baklan, Buket Eroğlu, Eray Atıl, Sevil Erdenlig Gürbilek, Oktay Keskin, Osman Yaşar Tel, Ayfer Güllü Yücetepe, Vassilios Sandalakis, Evridiki Boukouvala, Anna Psaroulaki, Ashraf A Abd El Tawab, Falk Melzer, Mathias W Pletz, Heinrich Neubauer, Gamal Wareth

BackgroundBrucellosis is a bacterial zoonosis causing severe illness in humans and animals and leading to economic losses in the livestock production in Türkiye and other endemic countries.AimWe aimed at investigating genomic differences of Brucella isolates from animals and humans in Türkiye.MethodsWe used whole genome sequencing (WGS) to assess the genetic diversity of Brucella isolates from 41 provinces in Türkiye and compared with isolates from other countries. We applied allele-based typing and core genome single nucleotide polymorphism (cgSNP) determination.ResultsOf the 106 Turkish Brucella isolates included, 57 were B. abortus and 49 were B. melitensis. One B. melitensis and two B. abortus isolates were identified as vaccine strains. Most (n = 55) B. abortus isolates clustered in three major branches, with no spatial discernible pattern. Of the B. melitensis isolates, 48 were assigned to the Eastern Mediterranean lineage with no discernible patterns between host species, location and sampling date. The Turkish isolates clustered with isolates from neighbouring countries such as Greece and Syria, but some also with isolates from human patients in European countries, like Germany, Norway and Sweden, suggesting that the source may be travel-related.ConclusionSeveral B. melitensis and B. abortus lineages are circulating in Türkiye. To decrease the prevalence and prevent brucellosis in animals and humans, stricter control measures are needed, particularly in areas where humans and animals have close contact. Furthermore, illegal transportation of animals across borders should be more closely controlled and regulated.

背景布鲁氏菌病是一种细菌性人畜共患病,会导致人类和动物患上严重疾病,并给土耳其和其他流行国家的畜牧业生产造成经济损失。方法我们使用全基因组测序(WGS)技术评估了来自土耳其 41 个省的布鲁氏菌分离株的遗传多样性,并与其他国家的分离株进行了比较。结果在106株土耳其布鲁氏菌分离株中,57株为流产布鲁氏菌,49株为梅利特斯布鲁氏菌。其中一个梅里特氏布鲁氏菌分离株和两个流产布鲁氏菌分离株被鉴定为疫苗株。大多数(n = 55)B. abortus 分离物聚集在三个主要分支中,没有明显的空间模式。在 B. melitensis 分离物中,48 个被归入东地中海系,宿主种类、地点和采样日期之间没有明显的模式。土耳其的分离株与希腊和叙利亚等邻国的分离株聚集在一起,但有些分离株也与德国、挪威和瑞典等欧洲国家人类患者的分离株聚集在一起,这表明其来源可能与旅行有关。为了降低布鲁氏菌病在动物和人类中的流行率并预防其发生,需要采取更严格的控制措施,尤其是在人与动物有密切接触的地区。此外,还应加强对非法跨境运输动物的控制和监管。
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引用次数: 0
Erratum for Euro Surveill. 2024;29(35). 2024;29(35).
IF 9.9 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.36.240830e
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引用次数: 0
Genomic analysis of Vibrio cholerae O1 isolates from cholera cases, Europe, 2022. 2022 年欧洲霍乱病例中霍乱弧菌 O1 分离物的基因组分析。
IF 9.9 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.36.2400069
Caroline Rouard, David R Greig, Thamida Tauhid, Susann Dupke, Elisabeth Njamkepo, Ettore Amato, Boas van der Putten, Umaer Naseer, Marion Blaschitz, Georgia D Mandilara, James Cohen Stuart, Alexander Indra, Harold Noël, Theologia Sideroglou, Florian Heger, Maaike van den Beld, Astrid Louise Wester, Marie-Laure Quilici, Holger C Scholz, Inga Fröding, Claire Jenkins, François-Xavier Weill

BackgroundThe number of cholera cases reported to the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2022 was more than double that of 2021. Nine countries of the WHO European Region reported 51 cases of cholera in 2022 vs five reported cases in 2021.AimWe aimed to confirm that the Vibrio cholerae O1 isolates reported by WHO European Region countries in 2022 belonged to the seventh pandemic El Tor lineage (7PET). We also studied their virulence, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants and phylogenetic relationships.MethodsWe used microbial genomics to study the 49 V. cholerae O1 isolates recovered from the 51 European cases. We also used > 1,450 publicly available 7PET genomes to provide a global phylogenetic context for these 49 isolates.ResultsAll 46 good-quality genomes obtained belonged to the 7PET lineage. All but two isolates belonged to genomic Wave 3 and were grouped within three sub-lineages, one of which, Pre-AFR15, predominated (34/44). This sub-lineage, corresponding to isolates from several countries in Southern Asia, the Middle East and Eastern or Southern Africa, was probably a major contributor to the global upsurge of cholera cases in 2022. No unusual AMR profiles were inferred from analysis of the AMR gene content of the 46 genomes.ConclusionReference laboratories in high-income countries should use whole genome sequencing to assign V. cholerae O1 isolates formally to the 7PET or non-epidemic lineages. Periodic collaborative genomic studies based on isolates from travellers can provide useful information on the circulating strains and their evolution, particularly as concerns AMR.

背景2022年世界卫生组织(WHO)报告的霍乱病例数是2021年的两倍多。目的我们旨在确认世卫组织欧洲地区国家在2022年报告的霍乱弧菌O1分离株属于第七次大流行El Tor系(7PET)。我们还研究了它们的毒力、抗菌药耐药性(AMR)决定因素和系统发育关系。方法 我们利用微生物基因组学研究了从 51 例欧洲病例中分离出的 49 株 O1 型霍乱弧菌。我们还使用了 > 1,450 个公开可用的 7PET 基因组,为这 49 个分离株提供了全球系统发育背景。除两个分离株外,所有分离株都属于基因组第 3 波,并被归入三个亚系,其中一个亚系(Pre-AFR15)占主导地位(34/44)。该亚系与亚洲南部、中东、非洲东部或南部几个国家的分离物相对应,可能是 2022 年全球霍乱病例激增的主要原因。结论高收入国家的参考实验室应使用全基因组测序技术将霍乱弧菌 O1 分离物正式归入 7PET 或非流行系。基于旅行者分离物的定期合作基因组研究可提供有关循环菌株及其演变的有用信息,特别是有关 AMR 的信息。
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引用次数: 0
Addendum for Euro Surveill. 2024;29(38). 欧洲调查报告增编》。2024;29(38).
IF 9.9 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.21.240906A
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引用次数: 0
Co-circulation of seasonal influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) and B/Victoria lineage viruses with further genetic diversification, EU/EEA, 2022/23 influenza season. 欧盟/欧洲经济区 2022/23 年流感季节甲型 H1N1 pdm09、甲型 H3N2 和乙型/维多利亚型季节性流感病毒的共同流行以及基因的进一步多样化。
IF 9.9 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.39.2400020
Eeva K Broberg, Olov Svartström, Maximilian Riess, Annette Kraus, Maja Vukovikj, Angeliki Melidou

BackgroundInfluenza viruses can cause large seasonal epidemics with high healthcare impact and severity as they continually change their virological properties such as genetic makeup over time.AimWe aimed to monitor the characteristics of circulating influenza viruses over the 2022/23 influenza season in the EU/EEA countries. In addition, we wanted to compare how closely the circulating viruses resemble the viral components selected for seasonal influenza vaccines, and whether the circulating viruses had acquired resistance to commonly used antiviral drugs.MethodsWe performed a descriptive analysis of the influenza virus detections and characterisations reported by National Influenza Centres (NIC) from the 30 EU/EEA countries from week 40/2022 to week 39/2023 to The European Surveillance System (TESSy) as part of the Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS).ResultsIn the EU/EEA countries, the 2022/23 influenza season was characterised by co-circulation of A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) and B/Victoria-lineage viruses. The genetic evolution of these viruses continued and clade 6B.1A.5a.2a of A(H1N1)pdm09, 3C.2a1b.2a.2b of A(H3N2) and V1A.3a.2 of B/Victoria viruses dominated. Influenza B/Yamagata-lineage viruses were not reported.DiscussionThe World Health Organization (WHO) vaccine composition recommendation for the northern hemisphere 2023/24 season reflects the European virus evolution, with a change of the A(H1N1)pdm09 component, while keeping the A(H3N2) and B/Victoria-lineage components unchanged.

背景流感病毒会随着时间的推移不断改变其病毒学特性(如基因组成),从而引发大规模季节性流行病,对医疗保健造成严重影响。此外,我们还希望比较流行病毒与季节性流感疫苗所选病毒成分的相似程度,以及流行病毒是否对常用抗病毒药物产生抗药性。方法我们对欧盟/欧洲经济区 30 个国家的国家流感中心(NIC)在 2022 年第 40 周至 2023 年第 39 周期间向欧洲监测系统(TESSy)报告的流感病毒检测结果和特征进行了描述性分析,该系统是全球流感监测和响应系统(GISRS)的一部分。结果在欧盟/欧洲经济区国家,2022/23 年度流感季节的特点是甲型 H1N1 pdm09、甲型 H3N2 和乙型/维多利亚系病毒共同流行。这些病毒的基因进化仍在继续,甲型 H1N1 pdm09 病毒的 6B.1A.5a.2a 支系、甲型 H3N2 病毒的 3C.2a1b.2a.2b 支系和乙型/维多利亚病毒的 V1A.3a.2 支系占主导地位。讨论世界卫生组织(WHO)为北半球 2023/24 季度推荐的疫苗成分反映了欧洲病毒的演变,其中甲型 H1N1 pdm09 成分发生了变化,而甲型 H3N2 和乙型/维多利亚病毒成分保持不变。
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引用次数: 0
Note from the editors: Celebrating collaboration on World Field Epidemiology Day. 编辑的说明:庆祝世界野外流行病学日的合作。
IF 9.9 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.36.240905m
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引用次数: 0
Co-circulation of monkeypox virus subclades Ia and Ib in Kinshasa Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo, July to August 2024. 2024 年 7 月至 8 月刚果民主共和国金沙萨省猴痘病毒 Ia 和 Ib 亚型的共同流行情况。
IF 9.9 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.38.2400592
Tony Wawina-Bokalanga, Prince Akil-Bandali, Eddy Kinganda-Lusamaki, Emmanuel Lokilo, Daan Jansen, Adrienne Amuri-Aziza, Jean-Claude Makangara-Cigolo, Elisabeth Pukuta-Simbu, Rilia Ola-Mpumbe, Mamito Muyembe, Cris Kacita, Princesse Paku-Tshambu, Pedro Hlf Dantas, Olivier Tshiani-Mbaya, Gradi Luakanda, Antoine Nkuba-Ndaye, Meris Matondo, Emmanuel Hasivirwe Vakaniaki, Sofonias Tessema, Nicaise Ndembi, Áine O'Toole, Tessa De Block, Christian Ngandu, Nicole A Hoff, Nicola Low, Lorenzo Subissi, Sydney Merritt, Jean-Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum, Laurens Liesenborghs, Martine Peeters, Eric Delaporte, Jason Kindrachuk, Anne W Rimoin, Steve Ahuka-Mundeke, Andrew Rambaut, Dieudonné Mwamba, Koen Vercauteren, Placide Mbala-Kingebeni

Between January and August 2024, mpox cases have been reported in nearly all provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Monkeypox virus genome sequences were obtained from 11 mpox cases' samples, collected in July-August 2024 in several health zones of Kinshasa. Characterisation of the sequences showed subclades Ia and Ib co-circulating in the Limete health zone, while phylogenetic analyses suggested multiple introductions of the two subclades in Kinshasa. This illustrates the growing complexity of Clade I mpox outbreaks in DRC.

2024 年 1 月至 8 月间,刚果民主共和国(DRC)几乎所有省份都报告了猴痘病例。从 2024 年 7 月至 8 月在金沙萨几个卫生区采集的 11 例猴痘病例样本中获得了猴痘病毒基因组序列。序列特征显示,Ia 和 Ib 亚支系在 Limete 卫生区共同流行,而系统发生学分析表明,这两个亚支系在金沙萨多次引入。这说明在刚果(金)爆发的 I 支链 mpox 疫情越来越复杂。
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引用次数: 0
 "Vaccinating your child during an emergency is more important than ever": a randomised controlled trial on message framing among Ukrainian refugees in Poland, 2023. "在紧急情况下为孩子接种疫苗比以往任何时候都更重要":2023 年在波兰的乌克兰难民中开展的信息框架随机对照试验。
IF 9.9 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.39.2400159
Maike Winters, Agnieszka Sochoń-Latuszek, Anastasiia Nurzhynska, Kseniia Yoruk, Katarzyna Kukuła, Mutribjon Bahruddinov, Aleksandra Kusek, Dorota Kleszczewska, Anna Dzielska, Tomasz Maciejewski, Joanna Mazur, Hannah Melchinger, John Kinsman, Piotr Kramarz, Sarah Christie, Saad B Omer

BackgroundSince February 2022, the start of the full-scale war in Ukraine, millions of women and children have fled the country. Vaccination of refugee children is important to protect this vulnerable population from disease.AimWe investigate the determinants of vaccination intention in refugee mothers from Ukraine residing in Poland and test the effect of three message frames.MethodsParticipants were randomised into either a control group or one of three intervention groups encouraging vaccination using a specific frame: (i) trust in the Polish health system, (ii) ease of access to vaccination or (iii) risk aversion. Primary outcomes were intention to vaccinate a child in Poland and clicking on a vaccination scheduling link.ResultsThe study was completed by 1,910 Ukrainian refugee mothers. Compared with the control group, the risk aversion message significantly increased vaccination intention (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 2.35, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.25-4.42) and clicking on the vaccine scheduling link (AOR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.12-2.09). Messages around trust and ease of access did not have an effect. Important determinants of vaccination intention were perceived importance of vaccination (AOR: 1.12 95% CI: 1.01-1.25) and trusting vaccination information official health institutes (AOR: 1.40 95% CI: 1.06-1.83) and social media (AOR: 2.09 95% CI: 1.33-3.27).DiscussionUsing a risk aversion frame highlighting the vulnerability to infection that refugees face resulted in increased vaccination intention and clicks on a vaccination scheduler. Health workers who interact with Ukrainian refugees could use this frame in their vaccination communication.

背景自 2022 年 2 月乌克兰爆发全面战争以来,数百万妇女和儿童逃离乌克兰。我们调查了居住在波兰的乌克兰难民母亲接种疫苗意向的决定因素,并测试了三种信息框架的效果。方法参与者被随机分配到对照组或三个干预组中的一个,干预组使用特定框架鼓励接种疫苗:(i) 对波兰卫生系统的信任,(ii) 接种疫苗的便利性或 (iii) 风险规避。主要结果是在波兰为孩子接种疫苗的意向和点击疫苗接种计划链接。与对照组相比,风险规避信息显著提高了接种意向(调整后的几率比(AOR):2.35,95% 置信区间(CI):1.25-4.42)和疫苗接种计划链接的点击率(AOR:1.53,95% 置信区间(CI):1.12-2.09)。关于信任和易接近性的信息没有影响。疫苗接种意向的重要决定因素是对疫苗接种重要性的认知(AOR:1.12 95% CI:1.01-1.25)以及对官方卫生机构(AOR:1.40 95% CI:1.06-1.83)和社交媒体(AOR:2.09 95% CI:1.33-3.27)疫苗接种信息的信任。与乌克兰难民互动的卫生工作者可在疫苗接种沟通中使用这一框架。
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引用次数: 0
Author's response: Oropouche virus risk for European travellers to Cuba: an emerging public health concern. 作者的答复:前往古巴的欧洲旅行者面临的奥罗普切病毒风险:新出现的公共卫生问题。
IF 9.9 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.38.2400607
Concetta Castilletti, Federico Giovanni Gobbi
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引用次数: 0
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Eurosurveillance
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