Pub Date : 2026-03-16DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.016
Julian A. Gingold MD PhD
{"title":"Snip, Don’t Slip: Locating the FIGO 3 Myoma That Doesn’t Want to Be Found","authors":"Julian A. Gingold MD PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12275,"journal":{"name":"Fertility and sterility","volume":"130 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147465796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-13DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.012
Jorge E. Chavarro, Albert Salas-Huetos, Makiko Mitsunami, Siwen Wang, Shoko Kitazawa, Irene Souter, Lidia Minguez-Alarcon
{"title":"Diet, lifestyle factors and human fertility: what we know, what we wish we knew, and what we may never know","authors":"Jorge E. Chavarro, Albert Salas-Huetos, Makiko Mitsunami, Siwen Wang, Shoko Kitazawa, Irene Souter, Lidia Minguez-Alarcon","doi":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12275,"journal":{"name":"Fertility and sterility","volume":"476 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147447406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-13DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.011
Grant L. Steele, Cigdem Tanrikut
{"title":"Varicocele and Low Testosterone","authors":"Grant L. Steele, Cigdem Tanrikut","doi":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12275,"journal":{"name":"Fertility and sterility","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147447407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-12DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.006
Michael L. Eisenberg
{"title":"Male infertility and immune function","authors":"Michael L. Eisenberg","doi":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12275,"journal":{"name":"Fertility and sterility","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147448373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-12DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.008
Sarah C. Vij
{"title":"Varicocele Repair for Chronic Orchialgia","authors":"Sarah C. Vij","doi":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12275,"journal":{"name":"Fertility and sterility","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147447467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-11DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.004
Filip Vasilev,Yanwen Jiang,Gaudeline Rémillard-Labrosse,Jade Latraverse-Arquilla,Jin-Tae Chung,William Buckett,Greg FitzHarris
OBJECTIVETo investigate spindle dynamics and chromosome segregation in human preimplantation embryos. Chromosome segregation errors that cause aneuploidy are frequent in human preimplantation development. However, direct studies of the mechanisms of cell division in human embryos to understand the root causes of these errors are few.DESIGNPreimplantation human embryos were stained with SPY650-DNA and SPY555-tubulin to visualize mitotic chromosomes and microtubules, respectively, and spindle dynamics and chromosome segregation were analyzed using confocal live imaging.SUBJECTS91 cryopreserved embryos donated by 26 patients aged 24-41 years old (mean age 34 years).EXPOSUREWe used live imaging to analyze spindle assembly and chromosome segregation in human preimplantation embryos donated to research.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S)Mitosis duration, microtubule dynamics, mitotic defects.RESULTSWe find that spindle assembly occurs in an 'outside-in' manner, followed by a canonical anaphase chromosome segregation, and a persistent spindle remnant that connects sister cells for several hours after anaphase. We find that chromosome segregation errors occur both at Day 2/3 and also in Day 5 embryos, including the generation of micronuclei that undergo a non-canonical inheritance pattern that is likely a major contributor to blastocyst aneuploidy.CONCLUSIONSOur data provide a foundational understanding of chromosome segregation mechanisms for further unravelling of the causes of segregation error, and highlight micronuclei as a central player in aneuploidy genesis in human embryos.
{"title":"Spindle dynamics and chromosome segregation in human preimplantation embryos.","authors":"Filip Vasilev,Yanwen Jiang,Gaudeline Rémillard-Labrosse,Jade Latraverse-Arquilla,Jin-Tae Chung,William Buckett,Greg FitzHarris","doi":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVETo investigate spindle dynamics and chromosome segregation in human preimplantation embryos. Chromosome segregation errors that cause aneuploidy are frequent in human preimplantation development. However, direct studies of the mechanisms of cell division in human embryos to understand the root causes of these errors are few.DESIGNPreimplantation human embryos were stained with SPY650-DNA and SPY555-tubulin to visualize mitotic chromosomes and microtubules, respectively, and spindle dynamics and chromosome segregation were analyzed using confocal live imaging.SUBJECTS91 cryopreserved embryos donated by 26 patients aged 24-41 years old (mean age 34 years).EXPOSUREWe used live imaging to analyze spindle assembly and chromosome segregation in human preimplantation embryos donated to research.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S)Mitosis duration, microtubule dynamics, mitotic defects.RESULTSWe find that spindle assembly occurs in an 'outside-in' manner, followed by a canonical anaphase chromosome segregation, and a persistent spindle remnant that connects sister cells for several hours after anaphase. We find that chromosome segregation errors occur both at Day 2/3 and also in Day 5 embryos, including the generation of micronuclei that undergo a non-canonical inheritance pattern that is likely a major contributor to blastocyst aneuploidy.CONCLUSIONSOur data provide a foundational understanding of chromosome segregation mechanisms for further unravelling of the causes of segregation error, and highlight micronuclei as a central player in aneuploidy genesis in human embryos.","PeriodicalId":12275,"journal":{"name":"Fertility and sterility","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147447029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-11DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.003
Kevin J Campbell,Anirudh Venkatesh,Roei Golan,Zhixin Tang,Guogen Shan,William Donelan
Male genitourinary (GU) infections have been proposed to adversely affect semen quality and reproductive outcomes; however, existing evidence remains heterogeneous. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the association between GU infections and semen parameters, reproductive outcomes, and assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes using control-comparator studies identified through PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. Studies compared men with documented GU infections to non-infected controls and reported outcomes that were included consisted of semen volume, concentration, motility, morphology, antisperm antibody prevalence, natural pregnancy, miscarriage, clinical pregnancy, fertilization, and live birth outcomes. Fifty-one studies met criteria for qualitative synthesis, and 35 were included in quantitative meta-analysis. Pooled mean-based analyses demonstrated significant reductions in semen volume (MD -0.37 mL [95% CI -0.64 to -0.09]), sperm concentration (MD -6.65 million/mL [-11.17; -2.14], I2 90%), progressive motility (MD -5.93% [-9.07 to -2.78]), total sperm count (MD -47.15 million [-91.42 to -2.88]), and morphology (MD -0.76% [-1.19 to -0.33]).Total motility, vitality, and DNA fragmentation index were not significantly different between groups. Substantial heterogeneity was observed across outcomes (I2 66-95%). Binary outcomes were reported in five studies. Human papillomavirus infection was associated with increased antisperm antibody prevalence (OR 10.63 [1.49-75.93]), while most pregnancy and live birth outcomes did not significantly differ between infected and control groups. Hepatitis B virus infection was associated with an increased risk of miscarriage (OR 1.43 [1.05-1.93]). ART-specific outcomes were limited and generally non-significant. Overall, GU infections were associated with impairments in select semen parameters, particularly in infertile populations. Substantial heterogeneity and predominantly observational study designs warrant cautious interpretation. Prospective studies with standardized diagnostic and reporting frameworks are needed to clarify the clinical relevance of these associations.
男性泌尿生殖系统（GU）感染被认为会对精液质量和生殖结果产生不利影响；然而，现有的证据仍然不一致。本系统综述和荟萃分析评估了GU感染与精液参数、生殖结果和辅助生殖技术（ART）结果之间的关系，使用了PubMed、Web of Science和Embase中确定的对照比较研究。研究比较了有记录的GU感染的男性和未感染的对照组，报告的结果包括精液量、浓度、活力、形态、抗精子抗体流行率、自然妊娠、流产、临床妊娠、受精和活产结局。51项研究符合定性综合标准，35项纳入定量荟萃分析。基于平均的综合分析显示，精液体积（MD -0.37 mL [95% CI -0.64至-0.09]）、精子浓度（MD - 665万/mL[-11.17; -2.14]、I2 90%）、渐进式活力（MD -5.93%[-9.07至-2.78]）、精子总数（MD - 4715万[-91.42至-2.88]）和形态（MD -0.76%[-1.19至-0.33]）显著降低。总运动性、活力和DNA断裂指数各组间无显著差异。结果之间存在显著的异质性（I2 66-95%）。五项研究报告了二元结果。人乳头瘤病毒感染与抗精子抗体患病率升高相关（OR 10.63[1.49-75.93]），而大多数妊娠和活产结局在感染组和对照组之间没有显著差异。乙型肝炎病毒感染与流产风险增加相关（OR为1.43[1.05-1.93]）。art特异性结果有限且通常不显著。总体而言，GU感染与选定精液参数的损伤有关，特别是在不育人群中。大量的异质性和主要的观察性研究设计需要谨慎的解释。需要有标准化诊断和报告框架的前瞻性研究来澄清这些关联的临床相关性。
{"title":"Impact of Male Genital Tract Infections on Semen Quality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Kevin J Campbell,Anirudh Venkatesh,Roei Golan,Zhixin Tang,Guogen Shan,William Donelan","doi":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"Male genitourinary (GU) infections have been proposed to adversely affect semen quality and reproductive outcomes; however, existing evidence remains heterogeneous. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the association between GU infections and semen parameters, reproductive outcomes, and assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes using control-comparator studies identified through PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. Studies compared men with documented GU infections to non-infected controls and reported outcomes that were included consisted of semen volume, concentration, motility, morphology, antisperm antibody prevalence, natural pregnancy, miscarriage, clinical pregnancy, fertilization, and live birth outcomes. Fifty-one studies met criteria for qualitative synthesis, and 35 were included in quantitative meta-analysis. Pooled mean-based analyses demonstrated significant reductions in semen volume (MD -0.37 mL [95% CI -0.64 to -0.09]), sperm concentration (MD -6.65 million/mL [-11.17; -2.14], I2 90%), progressive motility (MD -5.93% [-9.07 to -2.78]), total sperm count (MD -47.15 million [-91.42 to -2.88]), and morphology (MD -0.76% [-1.19 to -0.33]).Total motility, vitality, and DNA fragmentation index were not significantly different between groups. Substantial heterogeneity was observed across outcomes (I2 66-95%). Binary outcomes were reported in five studies. Human papillomavirus infection was associated with increased antisperm antibody prevalence (OR 10.63 [1.49-75.93]), while most pregnancy and live birth outcomes did not significantly differ between infected and control groups. Hepatitis B virus infection was associated with an increased risk of miscarriage (OR 1.43 [1.05-1.93]). ART-specific outcomes were limited and generally non-significant. Overall, GU infections were associated with impairments in select semen parameters, particularly in infertile populations. Substantial heterogeneity and predominantly observational study designs warrant cautious interpretation. Prospective studies with standardized diagnostic and reporting frameworks are needed to clarify the clinical relevance of these associations.","PeriodicalId":12275,"journal":{"name":"Fertility and sterility","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147447030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-09DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.002
Marcelo Mass Lindenbaum MD, Sohei Kuribayashi MD PhD, Scott D. Lundy MD PhD HCLD
Male factor infertility acts as a contributing or sole cause in approximately half of all infertility cases, with autoimmunity against spermatozoa—manifested as antisperm antibodies (ASA)—affecting 5–12% of infertile men. ASA formation typically results from a disruption of the blood-testis barrier due to trauma, obstruction, or inflammation, leading to the exposure of immunogenic sperm antigens to the systemic immune system. These antibodies, predominantly of the IgG and IgA classes, impair fertility by hindering sperm motility, preventing cervical mucus penetration, and blocking gamete interaction. Diagnostic evaluation primarily relies on direct assays such as the Mixed Antiglobulin Reaction (MAR) and Immunobead Test (IBT); however, in the era of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI), the utility of ASA testing has evolved from routine screening to a targeted triage tool. Contemporary guidelines discourage universal testing, reserving it for "gray zone" clinical scenarios—such as unexplained infertility or isolated asthenozoospermia—where results directly influence the decision between Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) and IVF. Therapeutically, historical reliance on systemic immunosuppression has been largely abandoned due to inefficacy and adverse effects. Instead, management is now stratified by the degree of autoimmunity: while IUI remains a viable option for lower levels of antibody binding, high levels of sperm autoimmunization (>80%) render IUI ineffective, necessitating ICSI to mechanically bypass the immune barrier. This views and reviews article summarizes current evidence on pathophysiology and diagnostic methodologies, providing a pragmatic, management-oriented algorithm to guide urologists and reproductive specialists in optimizing outcomes for couples with immunologic infertility.
{"title":"Antisperm antibodies and autoimmunity in the era of assisted reproduction","authors":"Marcelo Mass Lindenbaum MD, Sohei Kuribayashi MD PhD, Scott D. Lundy MD PhD HCLD","doi":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"Male factor infertility acts as a contributing or sole cause in approximately half of all infertility cases, with autoimmunity against spermatozoa—manifested as antisperm antibodies (ASA)—affecting 5–12% of infertile men. ASA formation typically results from a disruption of the blood-testis barrier due to trauma, obstruction, or inflammation, leading to the exposure of immunogenic sperm antigens to the systemic immune system. These antibodies, predominantly of the IgG and IgA classes, impair fertility by hindering sperm motility, preventing cervical mucus penetration, and blocking gamete interaction. Diagnostic evaluation primarily relies on direct assays such as the Mixed Antiglobulin Reaction (MAR) and Immunobead Test (IBT); however, in the era of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI), the utility of ASA testing has evolved from routine screening to a targeted triage tool. Contemporary guidelines discourage universal testing, reserving it for \"gray zone\" clinical scenarios—such as unexplained infertility or isolated asthenozoospermia—where results directly influence the decision between Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) and IVF. Therapeutically, historical reliance on systemic immunosuppression has been largely abandoned due to inefficacy and adverse effects. Instead, management is now stratified by the degree of autoimmunity: while IUI remains a viable option for lower levels of antibody binding, high levels of sperm autoimmunization (>80%) render IUI ineffective, necessitating ICSI to mechanically bypass the immune barrier. This views and reviews article summarizes current evidence on pathophysiology and diagnostic methodologies, providing a pragmatic, management-oriented algorithm to guide urologists and reproductive specialists in optimizing outcomes for couples with immunologic infertility.","PeriodicalId":12275,"journal":{"name":"Fertility and sterility","volume":"297 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147392475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-09DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.02.014
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Prevention of moderate and severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: a guideline” [Fertil Steril 2024;121:230–45]","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.02.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.02.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12275,"journal":{"name":"Fertility and sterility","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147392476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-03DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.02.006
{"title":"Expression of Concern ‘Self-administered vaginal lidocaine in-situ gel prior to intrauterine device insertion is an effective analgesic in women with no previous vaginal delivery’ [Fertil Steril 2019; 112: e306]","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.02.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12275,"journal":{"name":"Fertility and sterility","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147360565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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