Exercise Biochemistry Review最新文献

{"title":"PO-243 Correlation between exercise performance and muscle electrical activity in Exercise-induced Fatigue Rats","authors":"Haojie Huang, Mengjiao Chen, L. Hou, Xiaoli Liu, D. Qiao","doi":"10.14428/EBR.V1I5.10913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14428/EBR.V1I5.10913","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Assess the muscle contraction ability of rats before and after exercise fatigue quantitatively, and analyze the correlation between exercise performance and muscle electrical activity. This study intends to provide a theoretical principle for exercise fatigue. \u0000Methods 7 healthy adult male SD rats (300~350g) were used and trained for adaptive treadmill by running on the treadmill for 1 week and holding on a vertical rectangular railing (20×10cm, 10 iron bars) until it's mastered. After this training, we used rat grasping force tester( BioSEB GS3) to measure the maximum grasping force(MGF) of rat's limbs, each rat was carried out 3 times, bout interval is 2 minutes. In addition, the grasping bar time(GBT) was recorded 3 times , bout interval is 30 minutes. We let rats to grasp and hold on a vertical rectangular railing(20×10cm， 10 iron bars), evaluation of rat muscular endurance by grasping bar time(GBT), each rat was carried out 3 times, bout interval is 30 minutes; During the MGF and GBT test, motor unit recruitment and discharge frequency was predicted by measuring the EMG of extensor muscles of the right hindlimb and flexor elbow muscles of the right forelimb by wireless non-invasive miniature surface EMG tester (Italy, BTS FREEEMG), the max Root Mean Square (maxRMS) and Median Frequency (MF) parameter was used to evaluate motor unit recruitment and discharge frequency, respectively. \u0000After these, the rats were allowed to have a one-day rest, and then had a load motion program on the treadmill (three levels’ load: the first stage movement speed 8.2 m/min, exercise time 15 min; second stage speed 15 m/min, exercise time 15 min; third stage speed at 20 m/min, exercise to fatigue ) to build the rats EF model by monitoring the acceleration of the rat's sprint with a miniature wireless acceleration sensor (18g). 30 continuous sprint acceleration at the end of running was less than half of initial acceleration and the running posture of the rats changed to prostrate, and remained at the end of the runway for a long time. Later, quantitative correlational data analyses such as mean, Pearson correlation, analysis of one-way ANOVA and paired sample t test were performed in this study. \u0000Results (1) The rats’ sprint acceleration of treadmill exercise at the end stage (the final 1/5 of the total time) decreased by 56.9% (P < 0.01) when compared with the early stage (the begining 1/5 of the total time). (2) The MGF and GBT of EF decreased by 68.1% (P < 0.01) and 90.38% (P < 0.01), respectively when compared with the beginning EF; in addition, the EMG maxRMS and MF of hindlimb and forelimb of EF rats had significantly reduced (P < 0.01), and the rats’ MGF/GBT was positively correlated with EMG maxRMS/MF significantly (MGF: forelimb rmaxRMS = 0.901, P < 0.01，rMF = 0.761, P < 0.01; hindlimb rmaxRMS = 0.913, P < 0.01，rMF = 0.783, P < 0.01; GBT: forelimb rmaxRMS = 0.922, P < 0.01，rMF = 0.806, P < 0.01; hindlimb rmaxRMS = 0.908, P < 0.01，rMF = 0.896, P","PeriodicalId":12276,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Biochemistry Review","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74885777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PO-081 Overtraining results in abnormality of renal silt diaphragm in rats with persistent proteinuria","authors":"Y. Niu, Jianmin Cao, Hai-tao Zhou, H. Cao","doi":"10.14428/EBR.V1I3.11423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14428/EBR.V1I3.11423","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Silt diaphragm is the most important and bioactive membrane structure in the filtration barrier of kidney, and the root cause of proteinuria is the structural and functional abnormalities of Silt diaphragm. So far, there is little literature on the changes of silt diaphragm caused by overtraining. This research establishes a model of rats with exercise-induced proteinuria with long-term intensitive treadmill exercise, and it simulates the progressive-load training in the cycle of athletes. Histological and ultrastructural changes of kidney immediately and 24 h after exercise are observed, and it aims to analyze the change law of silt diaphragm during the occurrence of persistent proteinuria. \u0000Methods this study selects 36 Sprague-Dawley rats, which are randomly divided into 3 groups: a control group (group C, 12), a group drawn immediately after exercise(group EI, 12), a group drawn 24 h after exercise(group EA, 12). Group C does not train. The rats in group EI and EA train on the treadmill with an increasing load for 6 weeks(10% grade, 6 d/w): in the first week, the rats run for 10 min at 10 m/min. Starting from the second week, the running speed increases by 5m/min/w, and the training time increases by 30min/w. In the last week the rats run to exhaustion if they could not maintain the target intensity. Record the exhausting time of rats, then group EI and group EA are respectively drawn immediately and 24 hours after exercise. Observe the histological changes of  renal glomerulus by optical microscope, and the ultrastructure of silt diaphragm by TEM. Detect urine total protein by BCA, serum and urine creatinine by Jaffe, serum testosterone and corticosterone by radioimmunoassay, serum urea by two-point dynamic method, and the expression of Nephrin by western-blot. \u0000Results The rats in group EI and EA gradually lose weight at the first weekend of training, and their weight drop significantly from the third weekend to the end, it shows a significant difference compared with group C(p<0.01). There is no significant difference between the exercise group. Glomerular morphology, group C: The structure of glomerulus is compact, the boundary between vascular sphere and  the wall of capsule is obvious, and the distribution of erythrocytes in vessels is regular; Group EI: The thickness of glomerulus membrane is uneven, the structure of the podocyte is incomplete, part of the foot process is fused, and SD is discontinuous; Group EA: Part of the glomerular endodermis is abnormal, part of the foot process is fused, detached, and unevenly distributed, and SD is discontinuous. Total protein/ creatinine in urine of rats 30 min and 24 h after exercise is significantly higher than that of group C(p<0.01), and group EA is slightly retuned and lower than group EI(p<0.05). Compared with group C, Serum Testosterone/Corticosterone of rats in group EI and EA is significantly decreased, and there is a significant difference (p<0.01). However, there is a signi","PeriodicalId":12276,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Biochemistry Review","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84308949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PO-055 Changes of trace elements in skeletal muscle and serum of rats after exercise-induced injury","authors":"Jingyun Liu, Qun Zuo","doi":"10.14428/EBR.V1I3.10753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14428/EBR.V1I3.10753","url":null,"abstract":"Objective This study is to investigate the changes of trace elements (Cu, Fe, Zn, Se, Mg) in serum and skeletal muscle of rats after skeletal muscle injury induced by downhill running, and to find out the change regularity of trace elements in the body after exercise injury. To provide experimental basis for how to use trace elements supplements reasonably. \u0000Methods Fifty-four healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into two groups: control group (C, N=6) and exercise group (E, N=48, include: 0 h group, 6 h group, 12 h group, 24 h group, 48 h group, 72 h group, 1- week group and 2- week group). The rats in exercise groups run down a 16°incline at 16m/min for 90 minutes. At the end of the exercise, the rats were killed at 0 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 1 week and 2 weeks, respectively. The serum was got from the inferior vena cava blood and diluted by 1% nitric acid. The muscle was got from the right side of the rat's sural which were digested by concentrated nitric acid and 30% hydrogen peroxide in 75℃water bath for 20mins. The content of trace elements in muscle and serum were measured by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-MS). All the data are analyzed and processed by SPSS22.0 statistical software. \u0000Results (1) The contents of trace elements in serum showed: Cu, Zn, Mg, Se decreased immediately after exercise, but the Cu still increased to reach a peak at 24h after decreasing, and after 2 weeks the content of Cu was slightly lower than pre-exercise level. However, the content of Zn did not elevate again, it continued declined to the lowest at 24h which was significantly lower than control group (P < 0.05). And after 2 weeks, Zn did not return to the pre-exercise level. The changes of Mg, Se in serum was not statistically significant. There is no difference between 0h and control groups in content of Fe, after that Fe decreased continually and appeared the least value at 24h, the differences between immediate group and control group were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Fe returned to the pre-exercise level after 2 weeks. (2) The contents of trace elements in muscle showed: Most of trace elements increased to the maximum level at 6 h, after that Mg, Fe, Cu decreased to the lowest value at 72 h which were significant lower than 0h group or 6h group (P < 0. 05). ALL the trace elements were lower than pre-exercise level. There was no statistical difference in the content of Se in muscle. \u0000Conclusions (1) The different changes of trace elements in skeletal muscle and serum after exercise injury may be due to the redistribution of trace elements caused by the body adaptability. (2) The most obviously changes of trace element in serum and muscle are Cu and Zn. Both of them did not return to the pre-exercise level after 2 weeks, it suggests that the supplement include Cu and Zn may play an important role in recovering after exercise-induced injury.","PeriodicalId":12276,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Biochemistry Review","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85741018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PO-265 Acute whole-body vibration increases energy expenditure and skeletal muscle microvascular perfusion","authors":"A. Betik, L. Parker, Gunveen Kaur, M. Keske","doi":"10.14428/EBR.V1I5.11143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14428/EBR.V1I5.11143","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Insulin resistance and cardiometabolic disease are associated with decreased muscle microvascular perfusion which impairs nutrient delivery to the muscle.  Impaired glucose and insulin delivery contributes to lower glucose uptake into the skeletal muscle. Exercise increases muscle microvascular perfusion, however, cardiometabolic disease patients are not always willing or able to undertake regular exercise. Objective: Whole-body vibration (WBV) has previously been shown to increase energy expenditure and limb bulk blood flow, however whether WBV increases skeletal muscle microvascular perfusion is not known.   \u0000Methods Methods: Eleven healthy participants (5 males, 6 females; Age: 33 ± 1.9 years) stood on a WBV platform (Galileo Sport, Novotec Medical GmbH, Pforzheim, Germany) for 3 min at 12.5 Hz which was compared to standing without vibration.  Thigh muscle (vastus lateralis) microvascular perfusion was assessed by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (iU22, Philips Medical, North Ryde, NSW, Australia) by infusing Definity® microbubbles (Lantheus Medical Imaging, N. Billeruca, USA) intravenously and measured for 3 min following WBV.  Oxygen consumption (Metamax, Cortex Biophysik GmbH, Leipzig, Germany) was measured while standing prior to WBV and during the third minute of WBV. \u0000Results Results: Compared with standing without vibration, 3 min of WBV more than doubled muscle microvascular perfusion (0.73 ± 0.17 vs 2.87 ± 0.81 AI/sec, p<0.05) which remained elevated above baseline for 3 min after cessation of WBV. Oxygen consumption modestly but significantly increased while undergoing WBV (282 ± 0.013 vs 419 ± 0.023 mL/min, p<0.05). \u0000Conclusions Conclusion: This is the first study to show that WBV significantly increases muscle microvascular perfusion in healthy adults.  We are currently undertaking studies to determine if this WBV may be of benefit in populations with impaired microvascular perfusion, such as type 2 diabetes, for improving cardiometabolic health. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":12276,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Biochemistry Review","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85868635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PO-161 Effect of different type of exercise on mitochondrial homeostasis in rats with myocardial infarction","authors":"Hai Bo, Yong Zhang","doi":"10.14428/ebr.v1i4.11883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14428/ebr.v1i4.11883","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To investigate the different effect of moderate-intensity continuous training (MCT) and high-intensity interval exercise training (HIT) on ventricular remodeling and mitochondrial homeostasis after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). \u0000Methods The AMI rat model was achieved by ligating coronary artery. The AMI and sham operation rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham operation group (Sham), AMI control group (AMI), AMI MCT group (AMI+M), and AMI HIT group (AMI+H). Animals in the AMI+M and AMI+H groups underwent 4 weeks MCT and HIT respectively. Five weeks after AMI, hemodynamic changes, mitochondrial bioenergetics, and PINK1, Beclin1, Mfn2, Drp1, Tfam, COXⅣ, PGC-1α were detected. \u0000Results Comparing with AMI group, in AMI+M and AMI+H groups, Beclin1 (146.33±18.47, 143.28±16.96.vs. 123.27±13.27, P<0.05), PINK1 (150.33±20.54, 152.28±18.34.vs. 125.27±17.67, P<0.05), Mfn2 (122.28±18.81, 117.19±17.04.vs. 46.27±6.72, P<0.01), and PGC-1α (82.15±16.58, 102.25±13.27.vs. 60.27±9.36, P<0.05~0.01) expression elevated significantly, whereas ROS generation (122.28±18.81, 117.19±17.04.vs. 46.27±6.72, P<0.01) and Drp1 expression (9.58±1.40, 10.18±1.37.vs. 15.85±1.61, P<0.05) showed dramatic decrease. In addition, in AMI+H group, +dp/dt max (6326±325.vs. 5368±271, P<0.05), -dp/dt max (-5312±246.vs. -4457±250, P<0.05), mitochondrial membrane potential (85.24±11.94.vs. 71.28±8.34, P<0.05), ATP synthesis activity (38.77±5.16.vs. 32.33±4.14, P<0.05), Tfam (95.25±12.05.vs. 78.27±12.22, P<0.05) and COXⅣ (89.25±14.06.vs. 67.27±13.71, P<0.05) expression improved significantly. Comparing with AMI+M group, in AMI+H group, +dp/dt max (6326±325.vs. 5775±310, P<0.05), -dp/dt max (-5312±246.vs. -4778±305, P<0.05), PGC-1α (102.25±13.27.vs. 82.15±16.58 1, P<0.05), Tfam (95.25±12.05.vs. 80.15±11.99, P<0.05) and COXⅣ(89.25±14.06.vs. 72.15±10.89, P<0.05) expression improved significantly. \u0000Conclusions High-intensity interval exercise training is superior to moderate-intensity continuous training for ameliorating ventricular remodeling and mitochondrial homeostasis after acute myocardial infarction.","PeriodicalId":12276,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Biochemistry Review","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85901562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OR-045 Comparative Study on Physical Fitness in Female College Students between Different BFP Grades","authors":"Hui Wang, Chognlin Zhang, Xiaomin Ding, Shaosheng Liu","doi":"10.14428/EBR.V1I2.9743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14428/EBR.V1I2.9743","url":null,"abstract":"Objective  Through testing the body fat percentage (BFP) and physical fitness by laboratory methods in female college students, the relationship between physical fitness and body morphology of female college students was revealed.  \u0000Methods BFP and fat free mass were measured among 633 healthy female college students randomly selected. All subjects were divided into five groups by their BFP: low, normal, high body fat, grade I obesity and grade II/III obesity. Grip Strength, Leg Strength, Back Strength, Vital Capacity, Maximal Oxygen Uptake, Reaction Time, Sit And Reach, Back Scratch and Standing On One Foot With Closed Eyes were tested.  \u0000Results There were significant differences between all groups in Grip Strength, Back Strength, Vital Capacity, the absolute and relative value of VO2max, Back Scratch on both sides and Standing on One Foot with Closed Eyes. The difference in Grip Strength and Back Strength showed significantly (P < 0.05), and the others showed very significant difference (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in Resting Heart Rate, Reaction Time, Sit And Reach and Leg Strength. The results of multiple comparison showed that compared with 4 group,there were significant differences in Vital Capacity, relative value of Maximum Oxygen Uptake, Back Scratch in both sides in 2 group and 3 group. Moreover, compared with 5 group, there were significant differences in all the indicators in 2 group and 3 group. And there were significant differences in all the indicators except Back Strength and the relative value of Maximum Oxygen Uptake between 5 group and 4 group. \u0000Conclusions The results showed that the physical fitness of female college students with normal BFP was significantly better than that of obese ones. The major influence of exceeding 30 percent in BFP was the cardiopulmonary endurance fitness and upper limb flexibility fitness. In the group of BFP higher than 35%, these influences were more significant, meanwhile, balance fitness declined.","PeriodicalId":12276,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Biochemistry Review","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86020890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PO-031 Research on Tapering to Elite Female Race Walking Players with Altitude Training Characteristics","authors":"N. Zhu, Q. Tang, Xiuyun Li","doi":"10.14428/EBR.V1I3.9963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14428/EBR.V1I3.9963","url":null,"abstract":"Objective The ultimate goal of athletic training is to perform the optimum competitive states in the competitions. The research has shown that one of the key factors to achieve the goal is effective and appropriate Tapering in preparing period. By systematically and completely tracing and summarizing the Tapering in endurance events with altitude training at the entire training period which could provide a better guidance for the training and bring into an furthest effects, providing a real reference cases for achieving competitive targets and scientific training. \u0000Methods Have Selected 20 players and 10 games from annual competitions (National Championships, the National Games, World Games, Olympic qualifiers etc.) from 2011 to 2017, which involved 9 players who are the international master athletes and 11 players who are the National master athletes with 4-10 years of training. According to entire preparing period schedule and training targets to analyze the intensity, volume and rhythm of training, recording the athletes whose Hb(hemoglobin) number in different circulatory sports and concluding the athlete’s Tapering mode and effects. \u0000Results 1. The systematical time of preparing for competition was 65±5 days; 2. The entire training arrangements comprised of four stages: the plain training preparation phase, the altitude training phase, the plain training, pre-competition training phase; 3. Applied single peak and single cycle training model, the training structure was cycling 12 to 15 to 10 to 15 to 26kms, and the maximum training interval was 5-7 days after highest intensity training. 4. The tapering was engaged in the first week before the altitude training phase and 10-12days before competition; 5. The training load decreased 10-15%,the training intensity decreased by 25%-30% and the training volume was maintained to 90-105% during the first Tapering which mainly decrease training intensity; 6. During the second Tapering, the training load decreased by 40-60%, the training intensity was 90%-95% and at the key class, training intensity was more than 100% which mainly decrease training volume; 7. The training frequency was kept at 95-105% at two Tapering training phases; 8. Athletes’ Hb number was maintained at  132.04 ±6.53IU. The whole adjustments varied with the Tapering training arrangements. \u0000Conclusions 1. There were two Tapering training models with altitude training characteristics before the preparing competition period; 2. The one Tapering was decreasing training volume passively at the beginning of the altitude training, and the another Tapering was decreasing volume initiatively before the competition. 3. The first Tapering was to reduce the intensity of training, and the second Tapering was to reduce the volume of training; 4. The first Tapering is last 5 to 7days, and the second Tapering last 10 to 12days; 5. The entire preparing preformed as hyperbolic mode. The first tapering was the exponential tapering(slow decay), and the","PeriodicalId":12276,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Biochemistry Review","volume":"177 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77101575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OR-041 Infection of Different Altitudes on College Students’ Body Shape","authors":"Xiaoxia Qiu, Jin Zhao","doi":"10.14428/EBR.V1I2.9703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14428/EBR.V1I2.9703","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Considering that guizhou is located in a plateau region with various gradient altitude,and we have never seen any relevant report on the study of different altitudes influence the students'physical fitness at home or abroad. the aim of this research is the author runs a normal physical fitness test on native 774 non-PE major students who all comes from different altitudes 774, so as to provide reference standard for promoting the health of the students group. \u0000Methods literature data, fitness testing, statistic, and logic analysis. \u0000Results 1、There was no obvious consistency between the height change of students in different atitudes indicating that the influence of different altitude environments on the height of students was not obvious.2、Most of the students on the plateau show the thickness of the skinfold is the thickest , while the thickness of the skinfold of students on the plain and the subplateau is different and irregular. 3. There was no significant difference in the chest circumference of the four groups of students at three altitudes, indicating that the environment at different altitudes had no significant influence on the development of the respiratory organs and chest muscles of the students. 4. The waist circumference of the three groups showed no obvious pattern, indicating that the environment at different altitude had no significant influence on the waist circumference. 5. The waist-hip range of female students on the plateau is relatively high, while other students are in the ideal range. 6. The BMI of all the students in the three places is within the range of 18.5 ~ 22.9, that is, all the students in the three places are in the normal range. \u0000Conclusions altitude has no significant effect on students'height, chest circumference, waist circumference and BMI. The thickness of skinfold of students on plateau is thicker than that of plain and subplateau students. The waist-hip range of female students on the plateau is relatively high, while other students are in the ideal range.","PeriodicalId":12276,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Biochemistry Review","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77180232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PO-181 The Comparative Study on the Maximum Oxygen Uptake Test of 10- Month Old Wistar Rats","authors":"Yanan Dong, F. Qin, Jiexiu Zhao, Songtao Wang, Min-xiao Xu, Zhongwei Wang","doi":"10.14428/EBR.V1I4.12723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14428/EBR.V1I4.12723","url":null,"abstract":"Objective The maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) is an ideal index to objectively evaluate the cardiopulmonary function, as well as the basic to define exercise intensity. In the field of sports science, laboratory animals are often used to explore the effect and mechanism of exercise intervention. Therefore, it is very important to design optimal VO2max test protocol and to ensure the accuracy of VO2max according to the characteristics of the experimental animal itself. In this study, Wistar rats were selected, and various VO2max test protocols were designed and analyzed to screen out the optimal VO2max test protocol for the 10-month old wistar rats. \u0000Methods  20 SPF Wistar rats (male, 10 month old) were tested for maximal oxygen uptake by a four channel metabolic monitoring system and running treadmill. Five different test protocols were executed. Each rat completed five test protocols in random order with 3 days’ interval. The exercise performance (coordination degree, exhaustion state), oxygen uptake platform, finish time, VO2max and RER value were recorded during the test of each program, and the performance and test data were compared. \u0000Results  1) 12 rats completed all 5 test protocols of VO2max. The induction ratio of VO2max of P1 was only 58%, and P2 and P4 were 75%. While, the induction rate of P3 and P5 were both 83%. 2) For the Bedford improvement protocol (P1), due to the intense increased exercise load, the rats showed more intense stress, the less coordination degree, injured even death, and lower induction rate of VO2max. 3) The VO2max and RER values induced by the P5 are significantly higher than that of P1 (p<0.05). The finish time of P3 is significantly higher than that of P1 (p<0.01) and P5 (p<0.05). \u0000Conclusions For the VO2max test for middle aged rats, with the suitable speed of the running treadmill, the change of gradient should be as the main way of increasing load, or increasing the gradient of the slope firstly, which can obtained optimal VO2max, meanwhile reduce the stress response and the risk of injury and serious damage.","PeriodicalId":12276,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Biochemistry Review","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86030241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PO-286 The research about the evaluation index on cardiac reserve of female athletes","authors":"Yawen Du","doi":"10.14428/EBR.V1I5.13113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14428/EBR.V1I5.13113","url":null,"abstract":"Objective How well the heart and cardiovascular system operate will directly influence the ability that female athletes bear the training and competition load.The accurate evaluation of heart and cardiovascular system is the important part of female athletes training processes monitor and medical supervision. Nowadays, there are many evaluation index to assess the condition of the heart and cardiovascular system .Due to the differences of tested mechanisms ,there are huge differences lay between the focus of index to show the cardiac function  of  female athletes. As a result, to clarify the significance of different evaluation index will be benefit to accurately evaluate the cardiac function  of  female athletes. This research clarifies different significance of different index to evaluate female athletes’ cardiac function by comparing two indexes(CRI, HRr) to evaluate the cardiac contractility of female athletes in different programs ,and also offers grounds for accurately applying these two indexes to evaluate female athletes’ cardiac function. \u0000Methods The study subjects of this research are the female athletes from sports team in Hubei province. We select 63 female athletes whose ages are between 14 and 18 and average age is 17±1.6.They have been trained to play basketball game, soccer ,badminton or table tennis for move than four years. This research applies quantitative exercise experiment to get the cardiac index --CI2（CI=CO/BSA）after the female athletes’ doing sports .We can compare the difference between the cardiac indexes during the female athletes doing sports and they becoming calm and the work done by exercise load (PP) to get the cardiac reserve index(CRI) .The formula of this process is CRI=PP/(CI2- CI1)/10. We can also dividing CRI by cardiac function index to get heart recovery rate (HRr) .We divide CRI by CFI to get the value of HRr . CFI=（HR1+HR2+HR3-200）/10. Thereinto, HR1、HR2、HR3 respectively mean the athletes’ heart rates when they are calm ,when they just finish doing sports and when they are in restoration stage. Data assessment and statistical analysis was performed in this research ,using the value of female athletes’ CRI and HRr in different programs. \u0000Results There are huge differences between the average CRI values of female athletes in different programs. Among them, the highest value is 11.13±1.1,which is the average CRI values of female athletes who play soccer .And the lowest one is 7.56±0.7, which is the average CRI values of female athletes who play table tennis. The values of CRI of female athletes in basketball group and badminton group are 10.07±0.9 and 7.82±0.8 respectively. However, there is no significant difference between the values of female athletes’ HRr in different groups. The values are 0.94±0.05 (women’ s basketball) , 0.97±0.06 (women’ s football) ,0.93±0.04  (women’ s table tennis) ,0.97±0.08 (women’ s badminton) respectively. \u0000;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;\" >+HR2+HR3-200）/10. Thereinto, HR1、HR2、","PeriodicalId":12276,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Biochemistry Review","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84048287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}