Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1515/flaent-2024-0009
Rafael Robles-Perez, Néstor Isiordia-Aquino, Bredy R. Ávila-Rodríguez, Alejandra A. Castillo-Colindres, Guadalupe Vejar-Cota, M. A. Solis, Kenedy A. Cortez-Isiordia
This study is the first report of the stalk borer Diatraea impersonatella (Walker) on sugarcane in Honduras. A total of 167 larvae were collected from sugarcane crops in the Department Francisco Morazán, Municipality Villa de San Francisco, Honduras, during November 2022 to January 2023. The larval specimens were reared with the objective of obtaining adults for the morphological identification of the species through the inspection of male genitalia.
本研究首次报告了洪都拉斯甘蔗上的茎蛀虫 Diatraea impersonatella (Walker) 的情况。2022 年 11 月至 2023 年 1 月期间，在洪都拉斯 Villa de San Francisco 市 Francisco Morazán 区的甘蔗作物上共采集了 167 只幼虫。幼虫标本的饲养目的是获得成虫，以便通过检查雄性生殖器进行物种形态鉴定。
{"title":"First report of Diatraea impersonatella (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) on sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) in Honduras","authors":"Rafael Robles-Perez, Néstor Isiordia-Aquino, Bredy R. Ávila-Rodríguez, Alejandra A. Castillo-Colindres, Guadalupe Vejar-Cota, M. A. Solis, Kenedy A. Cortez-Isiordia","doi":"10.1515/flaent-2024-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/flaent-2024-0009","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study is the first report of the stalk borer Diatraea impersonatella (Walker) on sugarcane in Honduras. A total of 167 larvae were collected from sugarcane crops in the Department Francisco Morazán, Municipality Villa de San Francisco, Honduras, during November 2022 to January 2023. The larval specimens were reared with the objective of obtaining adults for the morphological identification of the species through the inspection of male genitalia.","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140527098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1515/flaent-2024-0006
Muhammad Haseeb
{"title":"Dr. Charles W. O’Brien: True Pioneer in Weevil Taxonomy and Publisher","authors":"Muhammad Haseeb","doi":"10.1515/flaent-2024-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/flaent-2024-0006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140524411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1515/flaent-2024-0011
M. Ascunce, Katherine Casey Carroll, Joe Aufmuth, Lauren Justice, Patricia Perez, A. Nisip, Jenny M. Gavilanez-Slone, J. Qureshi, Sanford Porter, Andrea Lucky
Florida has become a worldwide hotspot for introduced and invasive ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Furthermore, studies have shown that non-native ants support other invasive insects in Florida, such as the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae), which is the vector of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, the causal pathogen of citrus greening, the worst citrus disease in the world. The Asian citrus psyllid establishes beneficial interactions with invasive, introduced, and native ants. In this study, we described the ant diversity in a citrus grove in south Florida as a first step to assess ant-Asian citrus psyllid interactions for future studies. During the summer of 2018, 25 pitfall traps were set in a citrus grove. The red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta (Buren), was present in all the traps (100 %), and 19 traps (76 %) had Dorymyrmex bureni (Trager), the pyramid ant, which is native to the southeast United States. Two introduced ants, Cardiocondyla emeryi (Forel) and Brachymyrmex obscurior (Forel), were found in 15 (60 %) and 11 (44 %) traps, respectively. The South American big-headed ant, Pheidole obscurithorax (Naves), was found in 14 traps (56 %). This introduced ant has been found to co-exist with S. invicta, and to our knowledge, this is the first report of the species in this eastern part of peninsular Florida. Finally, Cardiocondyla venustula (Wheeler), an introduced ant from Africa, was found in one of the traps. Although, this ant is found in south Florida, it seems uncommon, and this is its first report in this county. Our study highlights the continued spread of introduced and invasive ants in Florida.
{"title":"Ant community composition in a citrus grove reveals eastern expansion in Florida of the South American big-headed ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)","authors":"M. Ascunce, Katherine Casey Carroll, Joe Aufmuth, Lauren Justice, Patricia Perez, A. Nisip, Jenny M. Gavilanez-Slone, J. Qureshi, Sanford Porter, Andrea Lucky","doi":"10.1515/flaent-2024-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/flaent-2024-0011","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Florida has become a worldwide hotspot for introduced and invasive ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Furthermore, studies have shown that non-native ants support other invasive insects in Florida, such as the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae), which is the vector of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, the causal pathogen of citrus greening, the worst citrus disease in the world. The Asian citrus psyllid establishes beneficial interactions with invasive, introduced, and native ants. In this study, we described the ant diversity in a citrus grove in south Florida as a first step to assess ant-Asian citrus psyllid interactions for future studies. During the summer of 2018, 25 pitfall traps were set in a citrus grove. The red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta (Buren), was present in all the traps (100 %), and 19 traps (76 %) had Dorymyrmex bureni (Trager), the pyramid ant, which is native to the southeast United States. Two introduced ants, Cardiocondyla emeryi (Forel) and Brachymyrmex obscurior (Forel), were found in 15 (60 %) and 11 (44 %) traps, respectively. The South American big-headed ant, Pheidole obscurithorax (Naves), was found in 14 traps (56 %). This introduced ant has been found to co-exist with S. invicta, and to our knowledge, this is the first report of the species in this eastern part of peninsular Florida. Finally, Cardiocondyla venustula (Wheeler), an introduced ant from Africa, was found in one of the traps. Although, this ant is found in south Florida, it seems uncommon, and this is its first report in this county. Our study highlights the continued spread of introduced and invasive ants in Florida.","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140525653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1515/flaent-2024-0007
Courtney C. Grula, R. Zack, Douglas B. Walsh
Pollinators are critical to ecosystem health and agricultural productivity. Endemic bee diversity and abundance among different crops has not been extensively studied, especially among perennial crops in Washington state. The goals of this study were to characterize bee genera diversity in south central Washington state, determine the abundance and diversity of bees among crop types, and determine if farming practices influence abundance and diversity by comparing bee diversity in managed agricultural sites to adjacent unmanaged, natural sites. This study investigated bee genera diversity and abundance in blueberry fields produced under organic certification programs, conventionally produced Concord juice and wine grape vineyards, conventionally produced spearmint and peppermint fields, and conventionally produced hopyards. The majority of bees found in the study were ground-nesting. Mint fields had the highest pollinator abundance and richness. In general, there was a greater abundance, diversity, and richness of bees found in unmanaged compared with managed sites. This indicates that areas of high agricultural intensity have relatively low bee genera abundance and diversity.
{"title":"Bee diversity and abundance in perennial irrigated crops and adjacent habitats in central Washington state","authors":"Courtney C. Grula, R. Zack, Douglas B. Walsh","doi":"10.1515/flaent-2024-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/flaent-2024-0007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Pollinators are critical to ecosystem health and agricultural productivity. Endemic bee diversity and abundance among different crops has not been extensively studied, especially among perennial crops in Washington state. The goals of this study were to characterize bee genera diversity in south central Washington state, determine the abundance and diversity of bees among crop types, and determine if farming practices influence abundance and diversity by comparing bee diversity in managed agricultural sites to adjacent unmanaged, natural sites. This study investigated bee genera diversity and abundance in blueberry fields produced under organic certification programs, conventionally produced Concord juice and wine grape vineyards, conventionally produced spearmint and peppermint fields, and conventionally produced hopyards. The majority of bees found in the study were ground-nesting. Mint fields had the highest pollinator abundance and richness. In general, there was a greater abundance, diversity, and richness of bees found in unmanaged compared with managed sites. This indicates that areas of high agricultural intensity have relatively low bee genera abundance and diversity.","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140526790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1515/flaent-2024-0003
Samuel Cruz‐Esteban, María L. Rojas-Sanchez, Erika Soto-Cuellar, David Alavez-Rosas, Julio C Rojas
Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is a worldwide invasive pest. In Mexico, this species attacks various soft berries, plum, and guava. Currently, D. suzukii is monitored using traps baited with various attractants. Nevertheless, previous reports have shown that the performance of attractants may vary from one place to another. Ideally, the attractant used by growers should be as effective, long-lasting, easy to maintain and deploy, and inexpensive as possible. In this study, we compared the performance of home-made and commercial lures in capturing D. suzukii in blueberry crops in Guanajuato and Michoacán, Mexico. We also evaluated whether the capture of D. suzukii using odor-baited traps was enhanced by the incorporation of visual cues. Overall, traps baited with Z-Kinol®, fermented berries (blueberry, raspberry, and blackberry) alone or blended performed better in capturing D. suzukii flies than fermented banana, apple cider vinegar (ACV), and FLYBUSTER® Powder. The capture of flies increased by 29, 31, and 38 % when a yellow card was included in traps baited with Z-Kinol®, fermented blueberry juice, and fermented raspberry juice, respectively. The volatile compounds of fermented berry juices, identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, consisted mainly of esters, particularly ethyl acetate and isopentyl acetate. In brief, our results suggest that traps baited with fermented berries can be used for monitoring and mass trapping of D. suzukii populations in blueberry crops in Mexico.
铃木果蝇（松村）（双翅目：果蝇科）是一种世界性入侵害虫。在墨西哥，该物种攻击各种软浆果、李子和番石榴。目前，墨西哥使用诱饵诱捕 D. suzukii。然而，之前的报告显示，诱饵的效果可能因地而异。理想情况下，种植者使用的引诱剂应尽可能有效、持久、易于维护和部署，并且价格低廉。在这项研究中，我们比较了自制引诱剂和商业引诱剂在墨西哥瓜纳华托州和米却肯州的蓝莓作物中捕获苏云金蝽的性能。我们还评估了使用气味诱饵诱捕 D. suzukii 是否会因视觉线索的加入而提高捕获效果。总体而言，与发酵香蕉、苹果醋（ACV）和 FLYBUSTER® 粉相比，单独或混合使用 Z-Kinol®、发酵浆果（蓝莓、覆盆子和黑莓）作为诱饵的诱捕器在捕获 D. suzukii 苍蝇方面表现更好。在使用 Z-Kinol®、发酵蓝莓汁和发酵覆盆子汁作为诱饵的诱捕器中加入黄卡后，苍蝇捕获量分别增加了 29%、31% 和 38%。通过气相色谱-质谱法鉴定，发酵浆果汁中的挥发性化合物主要由酯类组成，尤其是乙酸乙酯和乙酸异戊酯。简而言之，我们的研究结果表明，以发酵浆果为诱饵的诱捕器可用于监测和大规模诱捕墨西哥蓝莓作物中的铃蚊种群。
{"title":"Comparison of home-made and commercial baits for trapping Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in blueberry crops","authors":"Samuel Cruz‐Esteban, María L. Rojas-Sanchez, Erika Soto-Cuellar, David Alavez-Rosas, Julio C Rojas","doi":"10.1515/flaent-2024-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/flaent-2024-0003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is a worldwide invasive pest. In Mexico, this species attacks various soft berries, plum, and guava. Currently, D. suzukii is monitored using traps baited with various attractants. Nevertheless, previous reports have shown that the performance of attractants may vary from one place to another. Ideally, the attractant used by growers should be as effective, long-lasting, easy to maintain and deploy, and inexpensive as possible. In this study, we compared the performance of home-made and commercial lures in capturing D. suzukii in blueberry crops in Guanajuato and Michoacán, Mexico. We also evaluated whether the capture of D. suzukii using odor-baited traps was enhanced by the incorporation of visual cues. Overall, traps baited with Z-Kinol®, fermented berries (blueberry, raspberry, and blackberry) alone or blended performed better in capturing D. suzukii flies than fermented banana, apple cider vinegar (ACV), and FLYBUSTER® Powder. The capture of flies increased by 29, 31, and 38 % when a yellow card was included in traps baited with Z-Kinol®, fermented blueberry juice, and fermented raspberry juice, respectively. The volatile compounds of fermented berry juices, identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, consisted mainly of esters, particularly ethyl acetate and isopentyl acetate. In brief, our results suggest that traps baited with fermented berries can be used for monitoring and mass trapping of D. suzukii populations in blueberry crops in Mexico.","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140515788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Megan Asche, P. Landolt, Rodney Cooper, Walter S. Sheppard, R. Zack
Abstract The European paper wasp, Polistes dominula (Christ) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), directly competes with native Polistes and is a safety concern for workers and homeowners. A previous investigation of Polistes behavior found that a portion of wasps died after consuming a solution of pear ester, a compound commonly found in fruits that is considered non-toxic to humans. The goal of our study was to corroborate those preliminary observations and investigate the toxicity of pear ester to P. dominula. Two experiments were performed. First, 3 wasp castes were fed 17% sugar water, or sugar water mixed with 0.5%, 1.0%, 5.0%, or 10.0% (w/v) solutions of pear ester. Mortality after 24 h ranged from 0% among wasps fed sugar water only, to >10% among wasps that were fed pear ester. Mortality increased logarithmically with pear ester concentration. Pear ester toxicity differed among wasp castes, with <5% mortality recorded among fall gynes to >10% mortality among workers. The second experiment attempted to define the relationship between morbidity and volume of pear ester consumed by P. dominula workers. Although results confirmed that ingestion of pear ester causes death or paralysis of P. dominula workers, there was no clear relationship between volume of ingested pear ester and wasp morbidity. About 80% of P. dominula were unaffected by pear ester despite consuming large quantities of the solution. This is the first study to demonstrate lethal effects of pear ester compound and may indicate its potential as an insecticide for paper wasps. Resumen La avispa cartonera europea, Polistes dominula (Christ) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), compite directamente con las Polistes nativas y, además, es una preocupación de seguridad para trabajadores y familias en sus casas. Una investigación previa sobre el comportamiento de Polistes, encontró que algunas de las avispas morían después de consumir una solución de éster de pera, un compuesto comúnmente encontrado en frutas y que no es considerado tóxica para humanos. El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue corroborar esas observaciones preliminares e investigar la toxicidad del éster de pera para P. dominula. Se realizaron 2 experimentos. Primero, 3 castas de avispas fueron alimentadas con soluciones de 17% agua azucarada, o agua mezclada con 0.5%, 1.0%, 5.0% y 10.0% (p/v) con éster de pera. La mortalidad después de 24 horas varió desde 0% entre avispas alimentadas solamente con agua azucarada, a >10% entre avispas a las cuáles se les dio éster de pera. La mortalidad aumentó logarítmicamente con la concentración de éster de pera. La toxicidad del éster de pera varió entre las castas de avispas, con una mortalidad registrada <5% entre hembras reproductivas de otoño a >10% entre obreras. El segundo experimento intentó definir la relación entre morbilidad y volumen de éster de pera consumido por obreras de P. dominula. Aunque los resultados confirmaron que la ingesta de éster de pera causa la muerte o parálisis de obreras de P.
摘要欧洲纸蜂，Polistes dominula (Christ)(膜翅目:纸蜂科)，是当地纸蜂的直接竞争对手，是工人和房主的安全问题。之前对Polistes行为的一项调查发现，部分黄蜂在食用梨酯溶液后死亡，梨酯是水果中常见的一种化合物，被认为对人类无毒。本研究的目的是为了证实这些初步观察结果，并研究梨酯对鸡腹弓形虫的毒性。进行了两个实验。首先，分别饲喂17%糖水和0.5%、1.0%、5.0%、10.0% (w/v)梨酯溶液的糖水。24 h后，仅饲喂糖水的黄蜂死亡率为0%，而饲喂梨酯的黄蜂死亡率>10%。死亡率随梨酯浓度呈对数增长。梨酯对不同等级黄蜂的毒性不同，工蜂的死亡率为10%。第二个实验试图确定病发率与工蜂消耗梨酯量之间的关系。虽然研究结果证实，摄入梨酯会导致蜂工死亡或瘫痪，但摄入梨酯的量与发病率之间没有明确的关系。尽管消耗了大量的梨酯溶液，但仍有大约80%的树胶不受影响。这是首次证明梨酯化合物具有致命作用的研究，并可能表明其作为纸蜂杀虫剂的潜力。资料:欧洲昆虫，蜂科昆虫(膜翅目:蜂科昆虫)，昆虫分类，además，和preocupación昆虫科昆虫分类。1 . uninvestigación previa sobre el comcomiente de Polistes, encontró que algunas de las visispas morían从消费者的个人资料中获取个人资料的个人资料solución从个人的个人资料中获取个人资料的个人资料，uncompuesto comúnmente从个人资料中获取个人资料的个人资料的个人资料tóxica para humanos。目的:观察和初步研究了长颈假单胞菌感染的毒性。2个实验。Primero, 3个castas de avispas fueron alimentadas consoluciones de 17% azucarada, 0个agua mezclada分别为0.5%，1.0%，5.0%和10.0% (p/v) con con de peres。24个月前的死亡统计数据varió在阿瓜卡拉达的死亡统计数据为0%，在阿瓜卡拉达的死亡统计数据为10%，在阿瓜卡拉达的死亡统计数据为10%，在阿瓜卡拉达的死亡统计数据为cuáles。死亡率报告aumentó logarítmicamente con La concentración死亡登记中心:死亡登记中心:死亡登记中心:死亡登记中心:死亡登记中心:死亡登记中心:死亡登记中心。第二阶段实验:intentó确定的实验:relación通过对多毛线虫的寿命和寿命的测定来确定多毛线虫的寿命。1 .报告的结果表明，在多毛线虫病和其他疾病的研究中，在多毛线虫病和其他疾病的研究中，在多毛线虫病和其他疾病的研究中，在多毛线虫病和其他疾病的研究中，在多毛线虫病和其他疾病的研究中取得了进展。在这段时间里，我们可以看到，我们的生活质量和我们的生活质量是一样的，我们的生活质量是一样的。Este es el primer estudio que demuesta que la ingestión de mosterster de, per贫穷的昆虫造成parálisis o muerte。研究结果表明，该方法可有效防止蚊虫叮咬，并可有效防止蚊虫叮咬。
{"title":"Preliminary Study of Pear Ester Toxicity When Consumed by Polistes dominula (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)","authors":"Megan Asche, P. Landolt, Rodney Cooper, Walter S. Sheppard, R. Zack","doi":"10.1653/024.106.0401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1653/024.106.0401","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The European paper wasp, Polistes dominula (Christ) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), directly competes with native Polistes and is a safety concern for workers and homeowners. A previous investigation of Polistes behavior found that a portion of wasps died after consuming a solution of pear ester, a compound commonly found in fruits that is considered non-toxic to humans. The goal of our study was to corroborate those preliminary observations and investigate the toxicity of pear ester to P. dominula. Two experiments were performed. First, 3 wasp castes were fed 17% sugar water, or sugar water mixed with 0.5%, 1.0%, 5.0%, or 10.0% (w/v) solutions of pear ester. Mortality after 24 h ranged from 0% among wasps fed sugar water only, to >10% among wasps that were fed pear ester. Mortality increased logarithmically with pear ester concentration. Pear ester toxicity differed among wasp castes, with <5% mortality recorded among fall gynes to >10% mortality among workers. The second experiment attempted to define the relationship between morbidity and volume of pear ester consumed by P. dominula workers. Although results confirmed that ingestion of pear ester causes death or paralysis of P. dominula workers, there was no clear relationship between volume of ingested pear ester and wasp morbidity. About 80% of P. dominula were unaffected by pear ester despite consuming large quantities of the solution. This is the first study to demonstrate lethal effects of pear ester compound and may indicate its potential as an insecticide for paper wasps. Resumen La avispa cartonera europea, Polistes dominula (Christ) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), compite directamente con las Polistes nativas y, además, es una preocupación de seguridad para trabajadores y familias en sus casas. Una investigación previa sobre el comportamiento de Polistes, encontró que algunas de las avispas morían después de consumir una solución de éster de pera, un compuesto comúnmente encontrado en frutas y que no es considerado tóxica para humanos. El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue corroborar esas observaciones preliminares e investigar la toxicidad del éster de pera para P. dominula. Se realizaron 2 experimentos. Primero, 3 castas de avispas fueron alimentadas con soluciones de 17% agua azucarada, o agua mezclada con 0.5%, 1.0%, 5.0% y 10.0% (p/v) con éster de pera. La mortalidad después de 24 horas varió desde 0% entre avispas alimentadas solamente con agua azucarada, a >10% entre avispas a las cuáles se les dio éster de pera. La mortalidad aumentó logarítmicamente con la concentración de éster de pera. La toxicidad del éster de pera varió entre las castas de avispas, con una mortalidad registrada <5% entre hembras reproductivas de otoño a >10% entre obreras. El segundo experimento intentó definir la relación entre morbilidad y volumen de éster de pera consumido por obreras de P. dominula. Aunque los resultados confirmaron que la ingesta de éster de pera causa la muerte o parálisis de obreras de P. ","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138592521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary Megalurothrips usitatus (Bagnall) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) has been recently found throughout the bean growing regions of Puerto Rico. Megalurothrips usitatus was observed affecting the Andean bean lines (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), Glycine max (L.), and Phaseolus acutifolius L. This is the first time M. usitatus has been reported from Puerto Rico. Given the high risk that this pest represents to legumes in Puerto Rico, it is necessary to evaluate which bean growing area and which local crops could be most affected. Sumario Megalurothrips usitatus (Bagnall) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) se ha encontrado recientemente en todas las regiones productoras de frijol de Puerto Rico. Se observó que Megalurothrips usitatus afecta a las líneas de frijol andino (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), a Glycine max (L.) y también a Phaseolus acutifolius L. Esta es la primera vez que se reporta M. usitatus en Puerto Rico. Dado el alto riesgo que representa esta plaga para las leguminosas en Puerto Rico, es necesario evaluar qué zona de cultivo de habichuela y qué otros cultivos locales podrían verse más afectados.
{"title":"First Report of the Exotic Species Megalurothrips usitatus (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), Pest of Fabaceae, in Puerto Rico","authors":"Irma Cabrera-Asencio, Consuelo Estevez de Jensen","doi":"10.1653/024.106.0410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1653/024.106.0410","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Megalurothrips usitatus (Bagnall) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) has been recently found throughout the bean growing regions of Puerto Rico. Megalurothrips usitatus was observed affecting the Andean bean lines (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), Glycine max (L.), and Phaseolus acutifolius L. This is the first time M. usitatus has been reported from Puerto Rico. Given the high risk that this pest represents to legumes in Puerto Rico, it is necessary to evaluate which bean growing area and which local crops could be most affected. Sumario Megalurothrips usitatus (Bagnall) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) se ha encontrado recientemente en todas las regiones productoras de frijol de Puerto Rico. Se observó que Megalurothrips usitatus afecta a las líneas de frijol andino (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), a Glycine max (L.) y también a Phaseolus acutifolius L. Esta es la primera vez que se reporta M. usitatus en Puerto Rico. Dado el alto riesgo que representa esta plaga para las leguminosas en Puerto Rico, es necesario evaluar qué zona de cultivo de habichuela y qué otros cultivos locales podrían verse más afectados.","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138592863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Robert W. Pemberton, Gergory S. Wheeler, Paul T. Madeira
Abstract Male orchid bees are known pollinators of some vanilla species (Orchidaceae), but there is little direct evidence for the pollination of v. planifolia L., the most important source of commercial vanilla. This study was undertaken to determine if the naturalized orchid bee, Euglossa dilemma Bembé & Eltz (Hymenoptera: Apidae), is a pollinator of V. planifolia in Florida, where the orchid is currently being considered as a potential crop. The flowers of V. planifolia were determined to have no nectar. Fragrance from in situ flowers was analyzed and found to contain principally 1-8 cineole and β-ocimene, compounds known to attract some male orchid bees. Timed watches documented pollen removal by a single female orchid bee, but no male orchid bees visited the flowers. Separate applications of 1-8 cineole, that we found in the flowers, and eugenol, which does not occur in the flowers, were made to flowers and baits, but the male orchid bees came only to flowers and baits with eugenol. Eugenol is a known attractant and principal component of many of the perfumes of the orchid mutualists of male E. dilemma. The rapid and intensive visitation and pollination that male E. dilemma bees exhibit towards their mutualist orchids did not occur, indicating V. planifolia is not an orchid mutualist of E. dilemma. During a timed watch, a female worker honey bee, Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae), pollinated a flower by entering it, backing out with pollen on its thorax, then re-entering the flower and exiting without the pollen. Dissection of the flower found pollen on the stigma and the anther cap disarticulated. A female E. dilemma removed pollen from a flower, indicating that she was also a probable pollinator. Morphometric measurements determined there was a good match between the interior dimensions of the tubular lip of the flowers and the thickness of the bodies of both the female orchid bee and honey bee, enabling good contact between the bees and the flowers sexual organs. Season-long fruit set was 0.655%, similar to the 1% or less reported for V. planifolia in its native Mexico range. Although the visitation rates were low, the potential of both the female honey bee and E. dilemma as pollinators of V. planifolia cultivated in screen houses is considered. Managed honey bees for pollination of vanilla appears to have more potential and it could reduce the need for expensive hand pollination, if sufficient pollination rates could be achieved. Resumen Las abejas macho de las orquídeas son polinizadores conocidos de algunas especies de vanilla (Orchidaceae), pero hay poca evidencia directa de la polinización de V. planifolia L., la fuente más importante de vainilla comercial. Se realizó este estudio para determinar si la abeja de las orquídeas naturalizada, Euglossa dilemma Bembé & Eltz (Hymenoptera: Apidae), es un polinizador de V. planifolia en la Florida, donde actualmente se considera a la orquídea como un cultivo potencial. Se determinó que
摘要公兰花蜂是一些香草物种(兰科)的传粉者，但对商业香草最重要的来源——planifolia L.的传粉鲜有直接证据。本研究是为了确定归化的兰花蜂Euglossa dilemma bemb<s:1> & Eltz(膜翅目:蜂科)是否是佛罗里达州planifolia的传粉者，在那里兰花目前被认为是一种潜在的作物。确定了planifolia的花没有花蜜。对原位花的香味进行了分析，发现主要含有1-8桉树脑和β-桉树烯，这两种化合物已知能吸引一些雄性兰花蜂。定时观察记录了一只雌性兰蜂清除花粉，但没有雄性兰蜂访问花朵。我们在花中发现的1-8桉树脑和花中不存在的丁香酚分别应用于花和诱饵，但雄性兰花蜜蜂只会使用含有丁香酚的花和诱饵。丁香酚是一种已知的引诱剂，也是许多兰花雄性互生植物香水的主要成分。雌雄双花蜂对其共生兰花的快速和密集的访花和授粉并未发生，表明平叶双花蜂不是雌雄双花蜂的共生兰花。在一个定时的观察过程中，一只雌性工蜂，Apis mellifera L.(膜翅目:蜂科)，通过进入一朵花来授粉，然后带着胸前的花粉回来，然后再进入花中，然后不带花粉离开。解剖发现柱头上有花粉，花药帽脱落。一只雌性的苦行僧从一朵花中取出花粉，这表明她也可能是一个传粉者。形态计量学测量表明，花的管状唇的内部尺寸与雌性兰蜂和蜜蜂的身体厚度之间有很好的匹配，使蜜蜂和花的性器官之间有很好的接触。整个季节的果实结实率为0.655%，与报道的墨西哥原产平叶卷叶的1%或更低相似。虽然访蜂率较低，但我们认为雌蜂和大黄蜂都有可能作为幕棚栽培的平叶假蜂的传粉者。管理蜜蜂为香草授粉似乎有更大的潜力，如果能够达到足够的传粉率，它可以减少对昂贵的手工授粉的需求。简历Las abejas macho de Las orquídeas son polinizadores conocidos de algunas speciies de vanilla(兰科)，pero hay poca evidence directa de la polinización de V. planifolia L.， la fuente más重要的香草商业。Se realizó este estudio para determinar si la abeja de las orquídeas naturalizada, Euglossa dilemma bemb<s:1> & Eltz(膜翅目:蜜蜂科)，es un授粉昆虫de V. planifolia in la la Florida，没有实际考虑一个la orquídea como栽培潜力。Se determinó que las flores de V. planifolia no tenían n<s:1>。查看analizó la fragancia de las flores in situ，查看encontró que contenía principalmente de 1 a 8 cinineol y β-ocimeno, compuestos查看sabe atraen和algunas abejas orquídeas macho。阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷阿根廷这些更高级的应用程序分别为:1-8桉树酚的植物，1-8桉树酚的植物，1-8桉树酚的植物，1-8桉树酚的植物，1-8桉树酚的植物，1-8桉树酚的植物，1-8桉树酚的植物，1-8桉树酚的植物，1-8桉树酚的植物，1-8桉树酚的植物。El丁香酚es un conocido atrayente y componente主要de mucho de los香水de las orquideas mutualistas del男子气概大肠的困境。植物的生长发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育发育Durante una vigilancia cronometrada, una abeja melífera, Apis mellifera L.(膜翅目:蜜蜂科)，polinizó una floor entrando en ella, saliendo con polensu tórax, luego volvió a entrar en la floor y salió in pollen。La disección de La floor encontró polenen en el estima y el casquete de las anteras desarticulado。在这一问题上的分歧eliminó在这一问题上的分歧，在这一问题上的分歧，在这一问题上的分歧。拉斯维加斯mediciones morfometricas determinaron问伟公司una coincidencia之间拉维室内del labio管y de Las flores el grosor de los cuerpos太多de la abeja orquidea hembra科莫de la abeja melifera, lo, permitio联合国早上contacto Las abejas y之间各个器官性de Las flores。El cuajado de frutos杜兰特户田拓夫la temporada fue del 0655%,类似al 1%差不多reportado对位诉planifolia en苏地区de distribucion nativa de墨西哥。unque las tasas de visitas fueron bajas，我们考虑了la abeja的潜力melífera与la hembra de E。 在温室中栽培的平叶V. planifolia作为传粉者的困境。香草授粉的蜜蜂似乎更有潜力，如果能达到足够的授粉率，就可以减少昂贵的人工授粉的需要。
{"title":"Bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Pollination of Vanilla planifolia in Florida and Their Potential in Commercial Production","authors":"Robert W. Pemberton, Gergory S. Wheeler, Paul T. Madeira","doi":"10.1653/024.106.0404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1653/024.106.0404","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Male orchid bees are known pollinators of some vanilla species (Orchidaceae), but there is little direct evidence for the pollination of v. planifolia L., the most important source of commercial vanilla. This study was undertaken to determine if the naturalized orchid bee, Euglossa dilemma Bembé & Eltz (Hymenoptera: Apidae), is a pollinator of V. planifolia in Florida, where the orchid is currently being considered as a potential crop. The flowers of V. planifolia were determined to have no nectar. Fragrance from in situ flowers was analyzed and found to contain principally 1-8 cineole and β-ocimene, compounds known to attract some male orchid bees. Timed watches documented pollen removal by a single female orchid bee, but no male orchid bees visited the flowers. Separate applications of 1-8 cineole, that we found in the flowers, and eugenol, which does not occur in the flowers, were made to flowers and baits, but the male orchid bees came only to flowers and baits with eugenol. Eugenol is a known attractant and principal component of many of the perfumes of the orchid mutualists of male E. dilemma. The rapid and intensive visitation and pollination that male E. dilemma bees exhibit towards their mutualist orchids did not occur, indicating V. planifolia is not an orchid mutualist of E. dilemma. During a timed watch, a female worker honey bee, Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae), pollinated a flower by entering it, backing out with pollen on its thorax, then re-entering the flower and exiting without the pollen. Dissection of the flower found pollen on the stigma and the anther cap disarticulated. A female E. dilemma removed pollen from a flower, indicating that she was also a probable pollinator. Morphometric measurements determined there was a good match between the interior dimensions of the tubular lip of the flowers and the thickness of the bodies of both the female orchid bee and honey bee, enabling good contact between the bees and the flowers sexual organs. Season-long fruit set was 0.655%, similar to the 1% or less reported for V. planifolia in its native Mexico range. Although the visitation rates were low, the potential of both the female honey bee and E. dilemma as pollinators of V. planifolia cultivated in screen houses is considered. Managed honey bees for pollination of vanilla appears to have more potential and it could reduce the need for expensive hand pollination, if sufficient pollination rates could be achieved. Resumen Las abejas macho de las orquídeas son polinizadores conocidos de algunas especies de vanilla (Orchidaceae), pero hay poca evidencia directa de la polinización de V. planifolia L., la fuente más importante de vainilla comercial. Se realizó este estudio para determinar si la abeja de las orquídeas naturalizada, Euglossa dilemma Bembé & Eltz (Hymenoptera: Apidae), es un polinizador de V. planifolia en la Florida, donde actualmente se considera a la orquídea como un cultivo potencial. Se determinó que ","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138592911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Lara-Vázquez, J. F. Ramírez-Dávila, D. K. Figueroa-Figueroa, Atenas Tapia-Rodríguez, Andrés González-Huerta
Abstract In recent years, there has been a rising concern in society to produce quality food in a sustainable manner. New alternatives in pest control have been researched to help mitigate the environmental impact. In traditional agriculture, pesticides are applied uniformly, without considering spatial and temporary variables, but application rates could be adjusted according to the incidence with the assistance of distribution maps; thus, contributing to improve environmental balance and production costs. Avocado (Persea americana Mill.; Lauraceae) generates huge economic benefits in the localities where it is grown. Red spider mite (Oligonychus punicae Hirst.; Acari: Tetranychidae) is among the main pests that attack this crop. It causes damage to the epidermis of the leaves in such a way that the injured areas discolor and the edges of the leaves are deformed as a result of the removal of the cellular content from the tissues. Therefore, the objective of the present work was the determination of the spatial pattern of this pest, by means of geostatistics and spatial analysis by distance indices (SADIE). The adjusted semivariograms as well as the indices show that the red spider mite is distributed in aggregations. The generated maps showing the infested surface will permit pest management programs to direct control measures to the areas with the highest incidence, resulting in a lower level of economic damage. Resumen En los últimos años ha aumentado la preocupación de la sociedad por producir alimentos de calidad de forma sostenible. Se han investigado nuevas alternativas en el control de plagas para ayudar a mitigar el impacto ambiental. En la agricultura tradicional, los plaguicidas se aplican de manera uniforme, sin tener en cuenta variables espaciales y temporales, pero las dosis de aplicación podrían ajustarse en función de la incidencia con la ayuda de mapas de distribución; contribuyendo así a mejorar el equilibrio medioambiental y los costes de producción. El aguacate (Persea americana Mill.; Lauraceae) genera enormes beneficios económicos en las localidades donde se cultiva. La araña roja (Oligonychus punicae Hirst.; Acari: Tetranychidae) es una de las principales plagas que atacan a este cultivo. Provoca daños en la epidermis de las hojas de tal forma que las zonas lesionadas se decoloran y los bordes de las hojas se deforman como consecuencia de la eliminación del contenido celular de los tejidos. Por ello, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue la determinación del patrón espacial de esta plaga, mediante geoestadística y análisis espacial por índices de distancia (SADIE). Los semivariogramas ajustados así como lo índice muestran que la araña roja se distribuye en agregaciones. Los mapas generados mostrando la superficie infestada permitirán a los programas de control de plagas dirigir las medidas de control a las zonas con mayor incidencia, lo que redundará en un menor nivel de daños económicos.
近年来，社会上越来越关注以可持续的方式生产优质食品。已经研究了防治害虫的新方法，以帮助减轻对环境的影响。在传统农业中，农药的施用是统一的，不考虑空间变量和临时变量，但可以借助分布图根据发病率调整施用量;因此，有助于改善环境平衡和生产成本。鳄梨(美洲鳄梨);樟科)在其生长的地方产生巨大的经济效益。红蜘蛛螨(Oligonychus punicae Hirst;粉螨(叶螨科)是袭击这种作物的主要害虫之一。由于从组织中去除细胞内容物，它对叶子的表皮造成损害，使受伤区域变色，叶子的边缘变形。因此，本工作的目的是利用地理统计学和距离指数(SADIE)的空间分析方法确定该害虫的空间格局。调整后的半变异函数和指数表明，红蜘蛛螨呈聚集分布。生成的显示受感染表面的地图将允许害虫管理项目将控制措施直接用于发病率最高的地区，从而降低经济损失水平。resume En los últimos años ha umentado la preocupación de la la la sociedad producer alimenttos de calidad de forma stesteble。我们将研究新的替代方案，以控制污染，减轻对环境的影响。在传统农业中，鼠疫药剂的施用是统一的，在时间和空间上是可变的，在时间和空间上是可变的，在时间和空间上是统一的，在时间和空间上是统一的，在时间和空间上是统一的，在时间和空间上是统一的。Contribuyendo así是中等环境损失成本的基本均衡producción。阿瓜萨特(美洲磨坊;樟科)大桂子属económicos en las localidades donde se栽培。La araña roja (Oligonychus punicae Hirst.;蜱螨:叶螨科)是一种主要的螨类。内生内生菌daños在表皮上的内生内生菌，形成的内生内生菌，形成的内生内生菌，形成的内生内生菌，形成的内生内生菌，形成的内生内生菌，形成的内生内生菌，形成的内生内生菌eliminación。穷人，穷人，穷人，穷人，穷人，穷人，穷人，穷人，穷人，穷人，穷人，穷人，穷人，穷人，穷人，穷人，穷人。Los semivarigramas ajustados así como lo índice muestran que la araña roja se distribuye en agregaciones。Los mapas generados mostrando la surface infstada permitirán, Los programas de control de plagas dirigir as medias de control a las zonas conmayor incidcia, Los que redundararen en menor nivel de daños económicos。
{"title":"Spatial Modeling of Red Spider Mite Oligonychus punicae (Acari: Tetranychidae) in Avocado Crop","authors":"F. Lara-Vázquez, J. F. Ramírez-Dávila, D. K. Figueroa-Figueroa, Atenas Tapia-Rodríguez, Andrés González-Huerta","doi":"10.1653/024.106.0402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1653/024.106.0402","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In recent years, there has been a rising concern in society to produce quality food in a sustainable manner. New alternatives in pest control have been researched to help mitigate the environmental impact. In traditional agriculture, pesticides are applied uniformly, without considering spatial and temporary variables, but application rates could be adjusted according to the incidence with the assistance of distribution maps; thus, contributing to improve environmental balance and production costs. Avocado (Persea americana Mill.; Lauraceae) generates huge economic benefits in the localities where it is grown. Red spider mite (Oligonychus punicae Hirst.; Acari: Tetranychidae) is among the main pests that attack this crop. It causes damage to the epidermis of the leaves in such a way that the injured areas discolor and the edges of the leaves are deformed as a result of the removal of the cellular content from the tissues. Therefore, the objective of the present work was the determination of the spatial pattern of this pest, by means of geostatistics and spatial analysis by distance indices (SADIE). The adjusted semivariograms as well as the indices show that the red spider mite is distributed in aggregations. The generated maps showing the infested surface will permit pest management programs to direct control measures to the areas with the highest incidence, resulting in a lower level of economic damage. Resumen En los últimos años ha aumentado la preocupación de la sociedad por producir alimentos de calidad de forma sostenible. Se han investigado nuevas alternativas en el control de plagas para ayudar a mitigar el impacto ambiental. En la agricultura tradicional, los plaguicidas se aplican de manera uniforme, sin tener en cuenta variables espaciales y temporales, pero las dosis de aplicación podrían ajustarse en función de la incidencia con la ayuda de mapas de distribución; contribuyendo así a mejorar el equilibrio medioambiental y los costes de producción. El aguacate (Persea americana Mill.; Lauraceae) genera enormes beneficios económicos en las localidades donde se cultiva. La araña roja (Oligonychus punicae Hirst.; Acari: Tetranychidae) es una de las principales plagas que atacan a este cultivo. Provoca daños en la epidermis de las hojas de tal forma que las zonas lesionadas se decoloran y los bordes de las hojas se deforman como consecuencia de la eliminación del contenido celular de los tejidos. Por ello, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue la determinación del patrón espacial de esta plaga, mediante geoestadística y análisis espacial por índices de distancia (SADIE). Los semivariogramas ajustados así como lo índice muestran que la araña roja se distribuye en agregaciones. Los mapas generados mostrando la superficie infestada permitirán a los programas de control de plagas dirigir las medidas de control a las zonas con mayor incidencia, lo que redundará en un menor nivel de daños económicos.","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138590230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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