Pub Date : 2006-05-21DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2006.1668643
G. Chang, H. Huang
The transient voltages generated by a SF6 circuit breaker during switching off the shunt reactor may cause power quality problems in the transmission system. This paper proposes a practical SF 6 arc model for studying the shunt reactor switching transient phenomena. The proposed model includes a time-controlled switch, Mayr's arc model with parameters estimate, and TAGS for CB energy conservation and dynamic conductance control. Three cases are performed to test the usefulness of the proposed model. Results obtained are compared with the calculated data. It shows that the proposed CB model is relatively accurate to characterize the shunt reactor switching transients
{"title":"A Practical SF6 Circuit Breaker Arc Model for Studying Shunt Reactor Switching Transients","authors":"G. Chang, H. Huang","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2006.1668643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2006.1668643","url":null,"abstract":"The transient voltages generated by a SF6 circuit breaker during switching off the shunt reactor may cause power quality problems in the transmission system. This paper proposes a practical SF 6 arc model for studying the shunt reactor switching transient phenomena. The proposed model includes a time-controlled switch, Mayr's arc model with parameters estimate, and TAGS for CB energy conservation and dynamic conductance control. Three cases are performed to test the usefulness of the proposed model. Results obtained are compared with the calculated data. It shows that the proposed CB model is relatively accurate to characterize the shunt reactor switching transients","PeriodicalId":123024,"journal":{"name":"2005/2006 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exhibition","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131364474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-21DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2006.1668508
S. Khushalani, N. Schulz
Recently the number of distributed generators (DG) being integrated in to the distribution system has increased. The distribution system is no longer a single source system. Thus there has to be a change in strategy for distribution analysis. This would require a fast power flow solution with DG. This paper presents the developed three phase unbalanced power flow algorithm with the choice of modeling DG as PQ or PV node. This gives flexibility in modeling various types of DGs. The distribution system model includes modeling of lines, cables, transformers, switches, capacitors, loads and DGs. IEEE test cases are designed for testing the three phase unbalanced algorithm for single source systems. A DG was introduced in the IEEE 13-node test case and the results demonstrate the effect the DG has on voltage profile and currents. Some of the results were verified using radial distribution analysis package (RDAP)
{"title":"Unbalanced Distribution Power Flow with Distributed Generation","authors":"S. Khushalani, N. Schulz","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2006.1668508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2006.1668508","url":null,"abstract":"Recently the number of distributed generators (DG) being integrated in to the distribution system has increased. The distribution system is no longer a single source system. Thus there has to be a change in strategy for distribution analysis. This would require a fast power flow solution with DG. This paper presents the developed three phase unbalanced power flow algorithm with the choice of modeling DG as PQ or PV node. This gives flexibility in modeling various types of DGs. The distribution system model includes modeling of lines, cables, transformers, switches, capacitors, loads and DGs. IEEE test cases are designed for testing the three phase unbalanced algorithm for single source systems. A DG was introduced in the IEEE 13-node test case and the results demonstrate the effect the DG has on voltage profile and currents. Some of the results were verified using radial distribution analysis package (RDAP)","PeriodicalId":123024,"journal":{"name":"2005/2006 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exhibition","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131580379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-21DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2006.1668544
H. Tyll
In the early days of power transmission problems like voltage deviation during load changes and power transfer limitation were observed due to reactive power requirements of the transmission system. Today these problems have even higher impact on reliable and secure power supply in the world of globalisation and privatisation of electrical systems and energy transfer. Fast and highly reliable power electronic devices (thyristor valves) in static VAr compensators (SVC) and HVDC applications proved their effectiveness in HV transmission systems to reduce energy transfer limitations. Influence of reactive power unbalances on the transmission systems and application of dynamic shunt compensation ie SVC is discussed. Detailed information about the used components in SVCs is provided
{"title":"Application of SVCs to Satisfy Reactive Power Needs of Power Systems","authors":"H. Tyll","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2006.1668544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2006.1668544","url":null,"abstract":"In the early days of power transmission problems like voltage deviation during load changes and power transfer limitation were observed due to reactive power requirements of the transmission system. Today these problems have even higher impact on reliable and secure power supply in the world of globalisation and privatisation of electrical systems and energy transfer. Fast and highly reliable power electronic devices (thyristor valves) in static VAr compensators (SVC) and HVDC applications proved their effectiveness in HV transmission systems to reduce energy transfer limitations. Influence of reactive power unbalances on the transmission systems and application of dynamic shunt compensation ie SVC is discussed. Detailed information about the used components in SVCs is provided","PeriodicalId":123024,"journal":{"name":"2005/2006 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exhibition","volume":"12 47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130188995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-21DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2006.1668606
Lee Jae-Duck, Ryoo HeeSuk, ChoiSangBong, Nam KeeYoung, Jeong SeongHwan, Kim DaeKyeong
With rapid growth of industry, underground power delivery systems are growing so rapidly and its capacity also growing. So if there are any accident in underground power cable, its inference is too great to count. So power system operators should find its fault location as soon as possible and replace it. But it is difficult to find its fault location for underground power cable. We are developing fault location system for underground power cable which can detect its fault location exactly. This system usually monitor underground power cable on-line. But if there are an accident, it record its transient signal and we can calculate fault location by analyzing it. To develop fault location system for power cable, we needed fault simulation system and we installed it physically and tested at various point. In this thesis, we describe on signal processing technology to detect fault location on power cable and on the result of tested fault location performance
{"title":"Signal Processing Technology for Fault Location System in Underground Power Cable","authors":"Lee Jae-Duck, Ryoo HeeSuk, ChoiSangBong, Nam KeeYoung, Jeong SeongHwan, Kim DaeKyeong","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2006.1668606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2006.1668606","url":null,"abstract":"With rapid growth of industry, underground power delivery systems are growing so rapidly and its capacity also growing. So if there are any accident in underground power cable, its inference is too great to count. So power system operators should find its fault location as soon as possible and replace it. But it is difficult to find its fault location for underground power cable. We are developing fault location system for underground power cable which can detect its fault location exactly. This system usually monitor underground power cable on-line. But if there are an accident, it record its transient signal and we can calculate fault location by analyzing it. To develop fault location system for power cable, we needed fault simulation system and we installed it physically and tested at various point. In this thesis, we describe on signal processing technology to detect fault location on power cable and on the result of tested fault location performance","PeriodicalId":123024,"journal":{"name":"2005/2006 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exhibition","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127694371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-21DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2006.1668572
S. J. Han, A. Mendelsohn, R. Ramachandran
Semiconductive shields are a key component of medium voltage power distribution cables. The technologies for semiconductive shields have continuously improved since their introduction in the 1960s. In this paper, the key aspects of semiconductor shield technologies and improvements over the years are reviewed
{"title":"Overview of Semiconductive Shield Technology in Power Distribution Cables","authors":"S. J. Han, A. Mendelsohn, R. Ramachandran","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2006.1668572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2006.1668572","url":null,"abstract":"Semiconductive shields are a key component of medium voltage power distribution cables. The technologies for semiconductive shields have continuously improved since their introduction in the 1960s. In this paper, the key aspects of semiconductor shield technologies and improvements over the years are reviewed","PeriodicalId":123024,"journal":{"name":"2005/2006 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exhibition","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128021817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-21DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2006.1668691
H. A. Darwish, M. Farouk, A. Taalab, M. Mansour
In this paper, the performance of discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is investigated. Impact of the type and order of the mother wavelet, sampling frequency, and the signal waveform on the DWT performance is evaluated in the scope of power system protection requirements. A novel DWT computation algorithm is introduced in order to eliminate the complexity encountered in real-time implementation. Efficacy of the proposed algorithm is verified via digital signal processing (DSP) experimental tests. The results consolidate the possibility of efficient DWT real-time implementation even with higher sampling rates. Shortcomings of DWT application to power system protection are outlined and corrective recommendations are included
{"title":"Investigation of Real-Time Implementation of DSP-Based DWT for Power System Protection","authors":"H. A. Darwish, M. Farouk, A. Taalab, M. Mansour","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2006.1668691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2006.1668691","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the performance of discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is investigated. Impact of the type and order of the mother wavelet, sampling frequency, and the signal waveform on the DWT performance is evaluated in the scope of power system protection requirements. A novel DWT computation algorithm is introduced in order to eliminate the complexity encountered in real-time implementation. Efficacy of the proposed algorithm is verified via digital signal processing (DSP) experimental tests. The results consolidate the possibility of efficient DWT real-time implementation even with higher sampling rates. Shortcomings of DWT application to power system protection are outlined and corrective recommendations are included","PeriodicalId":123024,"journal":{"name":"2005/2006 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exhibition","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133184980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-21DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2006.1668471
J. Alber, M. Poller
This paper describes a novel approach for the observability analysis in state estimation of large-scale power systems. We draw a one-to-one correspondence of the observability of a network to the rank of a corresponding sensitivity matrix. This general framework is not purely based on topological aspects, but takes into account all electrical quantities of the network and turns out to be very generic and flexible. In order to solve the observability problem, a novel algorithm for very fast "pseudorank" calculations on sparse matrices is developed. This approach allows, on the one hand, to identify equivalence classes of redundant measurements. On the other hand, the algorithm can detect all observable islands and group unobservable states according to their "observability deficiency". Our algorithm bares high potential in coping with unobservable areas: a method is described which incorporates a minimum number of pseudo-measurements to yield observability. The performance of the algorithm is tested on real-world network (with data gained from an underlying ABB MicroSCADA system) and compared to common rank calculation with singular value decompositions on sparse matrices
{"title":"Observability of Power Systems based on Fast Pseudorank Calculation of Sparse Sensitivity Matrices","authors":"J. Alber, M. Poller","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2006.1668471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2006.1668471","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a novel approach for the observability analysis in state estimation of large-scale power systems. We draw a one-to-one correspondence of the observability of a network to the rank of a corresponding sensitivity matrix. This general framework is not purely based on topological aspects, but takes into account all electrical quantities of the network and turns out to be very generic and flexible. In order to solve the observability problem, a novel algorithm for very fast \"pseudorank\" calculations on sparse matrices is developed. This approach allows, on the one hand, to identify equivalence classes of redundant measurements. On the other hand, the algorithm can detect all observable islands and group unobservable states according to their \"observability deficiency\". Our algorithm bares high potential in coping with unobservable areas: a method is described which incorporates a minimum number of pseudo-measurements to yield observability. The performance of the algorithm is tested on real-world network (with data gained from an underlying ABB MicroSCADA system) and compared to common rank calculation with singular value decompositions on sparse matrices","PeriodicalId":123024,"journal":{"name":"2005/2006 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exhibition","volume":"262 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133531237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-21DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2006.1668682
J. McDaniel
Lightning is usually one of the leading causes of interruption on distribution systems. This is especially true in areas with high ground flash densities. There are many factors that influence whether a lightning strike causes a flashover on a distribution line. This paper looks at what these influences are. It also looks at different methods to mitigate these influences. This gives the engineer or planner the tools needed to make the best decision for protecting their lines from lightning strikes
{"title":"Lightning Protection of Distribution Lines: Things to Consider for a Reliable Design","authors":"J. McDaniel","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2006.1668682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2006.1668682","url":null,"abstract":"Lightning is usually one of the leading causes of interruption on distribution systems. This is especially true in areas with high ground flash densities. There are many factors that influence whether a lightning strike causes a flashover on a distribution line. This paper looks at what these influences are. It also looks at different methods to mitigate these influences. This gives the engineer or planner the tools needed to make the best decision for protecting their lines from lightning strikes","PeriodicalId":123024,"journal":{"name":"2005/2006 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exhibition","volume":"19 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134544191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-21DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2006.1668454
C. Emoto, R. Tamayo, G. Hoffman
Electric utilities are faced with an aging power distribution systems and O & M budget constraints which from time to time threaten the operational integrity of these systems. Hawaiian Electric Company (HECO), on the island of Oahu, faces the same challenges as those found on the U.S. mainland. Through a combination of innovation and teamwork, HECO has implemented a communications and monitoring system to realize tangible savings in equipment by enabling dispatch of the correct maintenance personnel when and where needed. This paper describes HECO's experience in implementing a real-time predictive maintenance system that has already provided significant savings not only in terms of equipment but also in the reduction of unplanned outages
{"title":"Implementation of a Predictive Maintenance System","authors":"C. Emoto, R. Tamayo, G. Hoffman","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2006.1668454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2006.1668454","url":null,"abstract":"Electric utilities are faced with an aging power distribution systems and O & M budget constraints which from time to time threaten the operational integrity of these systems. Hawaiian Electric Company (HECO), on the island of Oahu, faces the same challenges as those found on the U.S. mainland. Through a combination of innovation and teamwork, HECO has implemented a communications and monitoring system to realize tangible savings in equipment by enabling dispatch of the correct maintenance personnel when and where needed. This paper describes HECO's experience in implementing a real-time predictive maintenance system that has already provided significant savings not only in terms of equipment but also in the reduction of unplanned outages","PeriodicalId":123024,"journal":{"name":"2005/2006 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exhibition","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130303927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-21DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2006.1668583
J. Doval‐Gandoy, J. Rey, F. Sanchez, Ó. López, C. Peñalver
The use of a DSP with peripherals, such as PWM modules, in the control of voltage source converters (VSC) is widely used in our days in FACTS. These peripherals allow some concurrent operation, the control and modulation algorithms can be executed at the same time, they have internal hardware which can be dedicated to producing the most common technique of space vector modulation (SVM) for VSC. Anyway, these simultaneous tasks cannot be executed when a current source converter (CSC) is controlled because the modulation algorithm cannot be implemented in the DSP peripherals. The algorithm must be executed in a sequential mode and most computation resources of the DSP must be devoted to generating the modulation algorithm. As a result, the bandwidth is reduced due to the increasing in the sampling time. This paper presents a field programmable gate array (FPGA) based algorithm for adapting any VSC modulation strategy to control a CSC. Many engineers know the VSC and its modulation strategies, but they do not know so deeply the strategies for controlling the CSC. The main advantage of this proposal is that the wealth of knowledge and experience associated with series VAR compensators based on VSC can be immediately applied to a series VAR compensator based on CSC without requiring further analysis. Experimental results confirm the feasibility of the proposed structure
{"title":"Modulation System for a Series VAR Compensator Based on a Current Source Converter","authors":"J. Doval‐Gandoy, J. Rey, F. Sanchez, Ó. López, C. Peñalver","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2006.1668583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2006.1668583","url":null,"abstract":"The use of a DSP with peripherals, such as PWM modules, in the control of voltage source converters (VSC) is widely used in our days in FACTS. These peripherals allow some concurrent operation, the control and modulation algorithms can be executed at the same time, they have internal hardware which can be dedicated to producing the most common technique of space vector modulation (SVM) for VSC. Anyway, these simultaneous tasks cannot be executed when a current source converter (CSC) is controlled because the modulation algorithm cannot be implemented in the DSP peripherals. The algorithm must be executed in a sequential mode and most computation resources of the DSP must be devoted to generating the modulation algorithm. As a result, the bandwidth is reduced due to the increasing in the sampling time. This paper presents a field programmable gate array (FPGA) based algorithm for adapting any VSC modulation strategy to control a CSC. Many engineers know the VSC and its modulation strategies, but they do not know so deeply the strategies for controlling the CSC. The main advantage of this proposal is that the wealth of knowledge and experience associated with series VAR compensators based on VSC can be immediately applied to a series VAR compensator based on CSC without requiring further analysis. Experimental results confirm the feasibility of the proposed structure","PeriodicalId":123024,"journal":{"name":"2005/2006 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exhibition","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134590077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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