Pub Date : 2009-07-26DOI: 10.1109/PES.2009.5275850
P. Hopkinson, L. Dix, C. Mcshane, H. Moore, S. Moore, J. Murphy, T. Prevost, S.D. Smith
Natural ester seed oil based dielectric fluid is an environmentally advantaged fluid that is increasingly being used as a replacement for mineral oil and for high temperature flashpoint liquids, including silicone and R-TEMP. Considerable studies have been conducted to investigate heat aging performance of cellulose, electrical contact thermal stability, dielectric strength, moisture sensitivity, and cold temperature performance. A series of reports presents a summary of work that has been completed to date and examines initial customer experience with the use of natural esters in real transformers. The work contains both new transformers and retro-fills in distribution and power transformers as well as step voltage regulators and switchgear
{"title":"Progress Report on Natural Esters for Distribution and Power Transformers","authors":"P. Hopkinson, L. Dix, C. Mcshane, H. Moore, S. Moore, J. Murphy, T. Prevost, S.D. Smith","doi":"10.1109/PES.2009.5275850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2009.5275850","url":null,"abstract":"Natural ester seed oil based dielectric fluid is an environmentally advantaged fluid that is increasingly being used as a replacement for mineral oil and for high temperature flashpoint liquids, including silicone and R-TEMP. Considerable studies have been conducted to investigate heat aging performance of cellulose, electrical contact thermal stability, dielectric strength, moisture sensitivity, and cold temperature performance. A series of reports presents a summary of work that has been completed to date and examines initial customer experience with the use of natural esters in real transformers. The work contains both new transformers and retro-fills in distribution and power transformers as well as step voltage regulators and switchgear","PeriodicalId":123024,"journal":{"name":"2005/2006 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exhibition","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130728513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-21DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2006.1668528
W. Stagi, F.E. Kimsey
In 1994, a Duke Power Company, 115 kV class, XLPE underground transmission cable failed. Failure analysis performed by Cable Technology Laboratories noted a low ac breakdown strength and suggested a high insulation moisture content as a likely reason. Duke Power opted to treat the remaining (un-failed) cables using CableCUREreg life-extension, fluid injection technology. The treated cables remained in service for an additional 10 years after injection. Ultimately a termination failure led to the decision to remove them from service. This allowed an unprecedented opportunity to evaluate the responsiveness of solid dielectric, transmission cables to fluid treatment. Until now most of the 60,000,000 feet of injected cable has been in the distribution class of cables. The results of that evaluation, published in this paper, demonstrate treatment effectiveness on par with results obtained on distribution class cables
{"title":"Case Study: Rejuvenation Fluid Injection Results from Duke Power's Little Rock Retail Tap Line","authors":"W. Stagi, F.E. Kimsey","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2006.1668528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2006.1668528","url":null,"abstract":"In 1994, a Duke Power Company, 115 kV class, XLPE underground transmission cable failed. Failure analysis performed by Cable Technology Laboratories noted a low ac breakdown strength and suggested a high insulation moisture content as a likely reason. Duke Power opted to treat the remaining (un-failed) cables using CableCUREreg life-extension, fluid injection technology. The treated cables remained in service for an additional 10 years after injection. Ultimately a termination failure led to the decision to remove them from service. This allowed an unprecedented opportunity to evaluate the responsiveness of solid dielectric, transmission cables to fluid treatment. Until now most of the 60,000,000 feet of injected cable has been in the distribution class of cables. The results of that evaluation, published in this paper, demonstrate treatment effectiveness on par with results obtained on distribution class cables","PeriodicalId":123024,"journal":{"name":"2005/2006 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exhibition","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115721314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-21DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2006.1668724
D. Sullivan, J. Paserba, G. Reed, T. Croasdaile, R. Pape, D. Shoup, M. Takeda, Y. Tamura, J. Arai, R. Beck, B. Milosevic, S. Hsu, F. Graciaa
The Georgia Power Company (GPC), an affiliate of Southern Company, commission the 0 to +87 Mvar Laurens County static VAR compensator (SVC) in May of 2005. This paper presents the Dublin, Georgia area transmission network, the requirements for voltage support, the planning and engineering studies used in rating the SVC and verifying its performance, and provides an overview of the SVC design and control strategy. The Laurens County SVC will be connected to the 115 kV bus of the North Dublin 230/115 kV substation to provide steady-state voltage regulation and dynamic VAR support following major disturbances in the Dublin area. The SVC control strategy employs steady-state voltage regulation of the 115 kV North Dublin bus by coordinating control of local and remote mechanically switched capacitor (MSC) banks with the objective of ensuring sufficient dynamic VARs remain available for major local system disturbances
{"title":"Design and Application of a Static VAR Compensator for Voltage Support in the Dublin, Georgia Area","authors":"D. Sullivan, J. Paserba, G. Reed, T. Croasdaile, R. Pape, D. Shoup, M. Takeda, Y. Tamura, J. Arai, R. Beck, B. Milosevic, S. Hsu, F. Graciaa","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2006.1668724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2006.1668724","url":null,"abstract":"The Georgia Power Company (GPC), an affiliate of Southern Company, commission the 0 to +87 Mvar Laurens County static VAR compensator (SVC) in May of 2005. This paper presents the Dublin, Georgia area transmission network, the requirements for voltage support, the planning and engineering studies used in rating the SVC and verifying its performance, and provides an overview of the SVC design and control strategy. The Laurens County SVC will be connected to the 115 kV bus of the North Dublin 230/115 kV substation to provide steady-state voltage regulation and dynamic VAR support following major disturbances in the Dublin area. The SVC control strategy employs steady-state voltage regulation of the 115 kV North Dublin bus by coordinating control of local and remote mechanically switched capacitor (MSC) banks with the objective of ensuring sufficient dynamic VARs remain available for major local system disturbances","PeriodicalId":123024,"journal":{"name":"2005/2006 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exhibition","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117140086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-21DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2006.1668539
A. Didierjean
The consumer portal is at the interface of the electrical network and the customer. It is a set of functions and capabilities that enables services for utility customers and also enables advanced applications that benefit the electrical system operation. Examples of portal applications include AMR, demand response, real time pricing, theft detection, remote disconnect, energy management, DER interface and control, and outage detection. Technologies for major aspects of the consumer portal, communications, security, and networking are available. The wake of failed portal pilot projects left by the utility industry demonstrates the need for a standardized, open architecture and gateway to allow technology providers to develop equipment and applications that meet the evolving needs of utilities. Consumer portal requirements and standards are designed to accommodate the numerous protocols and technologies that are in place today serving consumers for non-energy-related services
{"title":"What is a Consumer Portal?","authors":"A. Didierjean","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2006.1668539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2006.1668539","url":null,"abstract":"The consumer portal is at the interface of the electrical network and the customer. It is a set of functions and capabilities that enables services for utility customers and also enables advanced applications that benefit the electrical system operation. Examples of portal applications include AMR, demand response, real time pricing, theft detection, remote disconnect, energy management, DER interface and control, and outage detection. Technologies for major aspects of the consumer portal, communications, security, and networking are available. The wake of failed portal pilot projects left by the utility industry demonstrates the need for a standardized, open architecture and gateway to allow technology providers to develop equipment and applications that meet the evolving needs of utilities. Consumer portal requirements and standards are designed to accommodate the numerous protocols and technologies that are in place today serving consumers for non-energy-related services","PeriodicalId":123024,"journal":{"name":"2005/2006 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exhibition","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115218622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-21DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2006.1668609
S. Brahma
This paper describes a new iterative method to locate fault on a single transmission line. The method uses synchronized voltage and current measurements from both terminals. Using positive sequence components of the pre-fault and fault waveforms, positive sequence source impedances are estimated. Using these source impedances and the line data, positive sequence bus impedance matrix (Zbus) is formed. Using the properties of Zbus, an iterative algorithm is proposed to locate the fault. This algorithm is applied to the data obtained from the EMTP simulation of two transmission lines. The simulation results show that though the method gives fairly accurate results for both medium and long transmission lines, its performance is better for medium and short lines
{"title":"New Fault Location Scheme for a Two- Terminal Transmission Line Using Synchronized Phasor Measurements","authors":"S. Brahma","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2006.1668609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2006.1668609","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a new iterative method to locate fault on a single transmission line. The method uses synchronized voltage and current measurements from both terminals. Using positive sequence components of the pre-fault and fault waveforms, positive sequence source impedances are estimated. Using these source impedances and the line data, positive sequence bus impedance matrix (Zbus) is formed. Using the properties of Zbus, an iterative algorithm is proposed to locate the fault. This algorithm is applied to the data obtained from the EMTP simulation of two transmission lines. The simulation results show that though the method gives fairly accurate results for both medium and long transmission lines, its performance is better for medium and short lines","PeriodicalId":123024,"journal":{"name":"2005/2006 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exhibition","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115997149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-21DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2006.1668493
M. McGranaghan, D. Vannoy
Power quality standards provide the basis for achieving compatibility between the characteristics of the electric supply system and end use equipment. They provide the methods for evaluating performance, define equipment requirements, and outline relative responsibilities. This paper describes the status of important power quality standards around the world and presents a roadmap for ongoing standards development
{"title":"Roadmap for PQ Standards Development","authors":"M. McGranaghan, D. Vannoy","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2006.1668493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2006.1668493","url":null,"abstract":"Power quality standards provide the basis for achieving compatibility between the characteristics of the electric supply system and end use equipment. They provide the methods for evaluating performance, define equipment requirements, and outline relative responsibilities. This paper describes the status of important power quality standards around the world and presents a roadmap for ongoing standards development","PeriodicalId":123024,"journal":{"name":"2005/2006 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exhibition","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116088309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-21DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2006.1668730
S. Gomes, N. Martins, A. Stankovic
This paper describes the results on the use of new dynamic phasor models of SVC's suitable for high frequency analysis. The analysis and control design study of a simple test system having an SVC is presented. Comparisons of the results from conventional models are also presented, making apparent the benefits gained with the use of the proposed models in the analysis of higher-frequency dynamics. The program PSCAD/EMTDC is used for the validation of the FACTS models in the time domain
{"title":"Improved Controller Design Using New Dynamic Phasor Models of SVC's Suitable For High Frequency Analysis","authors":"S. Gomes, N. Martins, A. Stankovic","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2006.1668730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2006.1668730","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the results on the use of new dynamic phasor models of SVC's suitable for high frequency analysis. The analysis and control design study of a simple test system having an SVC is presented. Comparisons of the results from conventional models are also presented, making apparent the benefits gained with the use of the proposed models in the analysis of higher-frequency dynamics. The program PSCAD/EMTDC is used for the validation of the FACTS models in the time domain","PeriodicalId":123024,"journal":{"name":"2005/2006 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exhibition","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122759143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-21DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2006.1668608
Nan Zhang, M. Kezunovic
This paper proposes a new strategy at the local (substation) level, aimed at preventing or mitigating the cascading blackouts that involve relay misoperations or inadequate local diagnostic support. The strategy consists of an advanced real-time tool that combines neural network based fault detection and classification (NNFDC) algorithm and synchronized sampling based fault location (SSFL) algorithm with a relay monitoring tool using event tree analysis (ETA). The fault analysis tool provides a reference for conventional distance relay with its better performance and the relay monitoring tool provides detailed local information about the disturbances. The idea of the entire strategy is to meet several NERC recommendations to prevent blackouts using wide area protection and control
{"title":"Improving Real-time Fault Analysis and Validating Relay Operations to Prevent or Mitigate Cascading Blackouts","authors":"Nan Zhang, M. Kezunovic","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2006.1668608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2006.1668608","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a new strategy at the local (substation) level, aimed at preventing or mitigating the cascading blackouts that involve relay misoperations or inadequate local diagnostic support. The strategy consists of an advanced real-time tool that combines neural network based fault detection and classification (NNFDC) algorithm and synchronized sampling based fault location (SSFL) algorithm with a relay monitoring tool using event tree analysis (ETA). The fault analysis tool provides a reference for conventional distance relay with its better performance and the relay monitoring tool provides detailed local information about the disturbances. The idea of the entire strategy is to meet several NERC recommendations to prevent blackouts using wide area protection and control","PeriodicalId":123024,"journal":{"name":"2005/2006 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exhibition","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122453926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-21DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2006.1668554
C. Sharma, S. De Four
This paper describes the theoretical basis of the developed computer program, GAUMOM (grounding analysis using method of moments). The software calculates the resistance and maximum step and touch potentials for any complex electrode in a two-layer earth structure using Galerkin's moment method. Validation was performed using the point matching moment method which yields accurate results provided that electrode segmentation is fine. From the results obtained, GAUMOM produces errors of 0.4% and 6.1%, in grid resistance and voltage respectively, for grids with rectangular meshes. However, for grids with triangular meshes, the errors in resistance and voltage are 3% and 21% respectively
{"title":"Parameteric Analysis of Grounding Systems in Two-Layer Earth using Galerkin's Moment Method','Sharma","authors":"C. Sharma, S. De Four","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2006.1668554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2006.1668554","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the theoretical basis of the developed computer program, GAUMOM (grounding analysis using method of moments). The software calculates the resistance and maximum step and touch potentials for any complex electrode in a two-layer earth structure using Galerkin's moment method. Validation was performed using the point matching moment method which yields accurate results provided that electrode segmentation is fine. From the results obtained, GAUMOM produces errors of 0.4% and 6.1%, in grid resistance and voltage respectively, for grids with rectangular meshes. However, for grids with triangular meshes, the errors in resistance and voltage are 3% and 21% respectively","PeriodicalId":123024,"journal":{"name":"2005/2006 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exhibition","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117333467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-21DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2006.1668699
H. K. Zadeh
This paper presents the application of fuzzy-neuro method to investigate transformer inrush current. Recently, the frequency environment of power systems has been made more complicated and the magnitude of second harmonic in inrush current has been decreased because of the improvement of cast steel. Therefore, traditional approaches will likely mal-operate in the case of magnetizing inrush with low second component and internal faults with high second harmonic. The proposed scheme enhances the inrush detection sensitivity of conventional techniques by using a fuzzy-neuro approach. Details of the design procedure and the results of performance studies with the proposed detector are given in the paper. Performance studies' results show that the proposed algorithm is fast and accurate
{"title":"Fuzzy-Neuro Approach to Investigating Transformer Inrush Current","authors":"H. K. Zadeh","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2006.1668699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2006.1668699","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the application of fuzzy-neuro method to investigate transformer inrush current. Recently, the frequency environment of power systems has been made more complicated and the magnitude of second harmonic in inrush current has been decreased because of the improvement of cast steel. Therefore, traditional approaches will likely mal-operate in the case of magnetizing inrush with low second component and internal faults with high second harmonic. The proposed scheme enhances the inrush detection sensitivity of conventional techniques by using a fuzzy-neuro approach. Details of the design procedure and the results of performance studies with the proposed detector are given in the paper. Performance studies' results show that the proposed algorithm is fast and accurate","PeriodicalId":123024,"journal":{"name":"2005/2006 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exhibition","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129747733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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