Pub Date : 2024-01-13DOI: 10.31677/2072-6724-2023-69-4-5-13
A. Belyaev, R. R. Kolokolov, O. A. Kazakova, V. I. Lutov
Fungal isolates isolated from garden strawberry plants Fusarium semitectum Berk. Et Ravenel and Verticillium albo-atrum Reinke et Berth proved to be pathogenic. Under field conditions, artificial inoculation with these isolates increased the development of verticillium disease to 24.0-57.0 % and the development of fusarium disease to 26.0-31.0 %, which significantly exceeded the growth of root rot in control at the level of 2.0-2.2 %. Inhibition of the above-ground system length in infected plants reached 6.5-30.5 % relative to the control. In a laboratory experiment, the presence of pathogenic properties in an isolate of the fungus Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc., also isolated from strawberry plants, was proved. Artificial inoculation caused a decrease in the length of the above-ground system by 33.2 %, the number of new leaves by 53.8%, a reduction in the size of the roots by 43.9 %, and increased rhizome necrosis by 3.2 times relative to the control. The general condition of strawberry plants in the control was satisfactory by 3.2 points. The negative effect of the phytopathogen in variants with inoculation was manifested in a decrease in the state of plants to a level of 1.3-1.4 points. According to the results of a 3-year observation, the varieties Alexandrina, Festivalnaya Romashka, and Solnechnaya Polyanka showed relative resistance to fusarium disease of strawberries (the development of the disease on average over three years ranged from 2.8 to 5.7 %, with 11.3 % in the standard variety Yunia Smaids). Varieties Feya, hybrid Lutova, Aleksandrina, Festivalnaya Romashka, Solnechnaya Polyanka, Festivalnaya, and Anastasia had relative resistance to verticillium disease (the development of the disease on average over three years ranged from 0 to 1.8 %, with 8.9 % for the standard).
{"title":"Athogenic properties of pathogens and the damage of straw- berry varieties by mycoses of the root system","authors":"A. Belyaev, R. R. Kolokolov, O. A. Kazakova, V. I. Lutov","doi":"10.31677/2072-6724-2023-69-4-5-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2023-69-4-5-13","url":null,"abstract":" Fungal isolates isolated from garden strawberry plants Fusarium semitectum Berk. Et Ravenel and Verticillium albo-atrum Reinke et Berth proved to be pathogenic. Under field conditions, artificial inoculation with these isolates increased the development of verticillium disease to 24.0-57.0 % and the development of fusarium disease to 26.0-31.0 %, which significantly exceeded the growth of root rot in control at the level of 2.0-2.2 %. Inhibition of the above-ground system length in infected plants reached 6.5-30.5 % relative to the control. In a laboratory experiment, the presence of pathogenic properties in an isolate of the fungus Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc., also isolated from strawberry plants, was proved. Artificial inoculation caused a decrease in the length of the above-ground system by 33.2 %, the number of new leaves by 53.8%, a reduction in the size of the roots by 43.9 %, and increased rhizome necrosis by 3.2 times relative to the control. The general condition of strawberry plants in the control was satisfactory by 3.2 points. The negative effect of the phytopathogen in variants with inoculation was manifested in a decrease in the state of plants to a level of 1.3-1.4 points. According to the results of a 3-year observation, the varieties Alexandrina, Festivalnaya Romashka, and Solnechnaya Polyanka showed relative resistance to fusarium disease of strawberries (the development of the disease on average over three years ranged from 2.8 to 5.7 %, with 11.3 % in the standard variety Yunia Smaids). Varieties Feya, hybrid Lutova, Aleksandrina, Festivalnaya Romashka, Solnechnaya Polyanka, Festivalnaya, and Anastasia had relative resistance to verticillium disease (the development of the disease on average over three years ranged from 0 to 1.8 %, with 8.9 % for the standard).","PeriodicalId":124451,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University)","volume":" 40","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139623449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-13DOI: 10.31677/2072-6724-2023-69-4-14-23
R. Galeev, K. V. Zhuchaev, O. N. Sorokoletov, A. F. Petrov, E. V. Novikov, P. N. Miroshnikov
The results of complex experiments to study the effectiveness of using the drug Tropikanka 1 on early potatoes of the Vega variety are presented. The studies were conducted in arid conditions on grey forest soils of the northern forest-steppe of the Novosibirsk Ob region. Before planting, the tubers were soaked for 15 minutes in a solution of Tropikanka 1 with a dilution of 1:50 depending on the options: 1:100, 1:200 and without using the drug with soaking in water (control). The research aims to develop methods for using the environmentally friendly organic fertiliser Tropikanka 1 to stimulate the growth and development of potatoes, increasing their yield and product quality. It was established that on grey forest heavy loamy soil of the forest-steppe of the Novosibirsk Ob region under conditions of acute moisture deficiency in May, June and early July 2023, the use of pre-planting soaking of early potato tubers of the Vega variety for 15 minutes in a solution of Tropikanka 1 fertiliser, obtained based on bird droppings, accelerated the growth and development of potatoes by seven days compared to the control (using water). The largest area of potato leaves was observed against the background of pre-planting treatment of tubers with Tropikanka 1 at a dilution of 1:100, exceeding the control by 1.8 times. The yield of early potato production (the beginning of the third decade of July) with a dilution of the drug 1: 100 is 1.7 times higher than the control. The total yield against the background of soaking tubers with Tropikanka 1 fertiliser for the Vega variety when diluting the drug 1: 100 reached up to 33.8 t/ha, which is 38% higher than the control. At the same time, the yield of marketable products increased to 30 t/ha, exceeding the control by 52 %. The quality indicatorsof commercial products also improved. When the drug was diluted 1:100, there was an increase in starch content by 0.2 %. The concentration of nitrates during the use of the medication is 6.5 times lower than the maximum permissible concentration for potatoes.
{"title":"Effectiveness of applying the preparation Tropikanka 1 on potatoes in the forest steppe of the Obie region","authors":"R. Galeev, K. V. Zhuchaev, O. N. Sorokoletov, A. F. Petrov, E. V. Novikov, P. N. Miroshnikov","doi":"10.31677/2072-6724-2023-69-4-14-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2023-69-4-14-23","url":null,"abstract":" The results of complex experiments to study the effectiveness of using the drug Tropikanka 1 on early potatoes of the Vega variety are presented. The studies were conducted in arid conditions on grey forest soils of the northern forest-steppe of the Novosibirsk Ob region. Before planting, the tubers were soaked for 15 minutes in a solution of Tropikanka 1 with a dilution of 1:50 depending on the options: 1:100, 1:200 and without using the drug with soaking in water (control). The research aims to develop methods for using the environmentally friendly organic fertiliser Tropikanka 1 to stimulate the growth and development of potatoes, increasing their yield and product quality. It was established that on grey forest heavy loamy soil of the forest-steppe of the Novosibirsk Ob region under conditions of acute moisture deficiency in May, June and early July 2023, the use of pre-planting soaking of early potato tubers of the Vega variety for 15 minutes in a solution of Tropikanka 1 fertiliser, obtained based on bird droppings, accelerated the growth and development of potatoes by seven days compared to the control (using water). The largest area of potato leaves was observed against the background of pre-planting treatment of tubers with Tropikanka 1 at a dilution of 1:100, exceeding the control by 1.8 times. The yield of early potato production (the beginning of the third decade of July) with a dilution of the drug 1: 100 is 1.7 times higher than the control. The total yield against the background of soaking tubers with Tropikanka 1 fertiliser for the Vega variety when diluting the drug 1: 100 reached up to 33.8 t/ha, which is 38% higher than the control. At the same time, the yield of marketable products increased to 30 t/ha, exceeding the control by 52 %. The quality indicatorsof commercial products also improved. When the drug was diluted 1:100, there was an increase in starch content by 0.2 %. The concentration of nitrates during the use of the medication is 6.5 times lower than the maximum permissible concentration for potatoes.","PeriodicalId":124451,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University)","volume":" 28","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139623904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-26DOI: 10.31677/2072-6724-2023-67-2-133-141
N. Abramova, N. V. Zenkova, M. Selimyan
The article’s author determined the development trends of dairy breeds of cattle in the Vologda region based on the quantitative and qualitative traits dynamics from 2015 to 2021. According to the research results, from 2016 to 2020, the number of assessed livestock in the region stabilised, totalling 166 thousand animal units, including 76-77 thousand cows. In 2021, there is a decrease in the total number of livestock by 3.0 thousand animal units (up to 163 thousand heads), including cows - by 1.0 thousand animal units (up to 75 thousand heads). At breeding livestock farms for the analysed period, the number of animals increased by 8.27 thousand animal units. It amounted to 43.01 thousand animal units, including cows - by 3.56 thousand animal units (up to 20.49 thousand heads). In the Vologda region, the primary livestock of dairy breeds of cattle is made up of animals of the black-and-white breed - 68.46 thousand animal units, the rest of the species - from 4.47 (Holstein) to 10.62 thousand animal units (Kholmogory). The authors established for the analysed period an increase in the milk yield of cows for the Holstein breed by 1515 kg of milk (up to 9804 kg), for the Kholmogory breed - by 2147 kg (up to 7548 kg). An increase in milk yield until 2020 was revealed for the rest of the species. But in 2021, there was a decrease of 91 kg of milk for the Black-and-White breed (up to 8788 kg), 126 kg for the Yaroslavl breed (up to 6609 kg) and 222 kilograms for the Ayrshire breed. In the Vologda region, two species have high levels of milk fat: Yaroslavl - from 4.06 to 4.31% and Ayrshire - from 4.19 to 4.27%. For the Black-and-White breed, the indicators of the mass fraction of fat in the milk of cows are also at a high level - from 3.83 to 3.90%. The Black-and-White breed has the highest indicator of the mass fraction of protein in the milk of cows - from 3.21 to 3.30%, Yaroslavl - from 3.19 to 3.36 and Ayrshire - from 3.14 to 3.28%. Consequently, each breed population is characterised by its unique development of selectable traits in the region.
{"title":"Dairy cattle development prospects in the Vologda region","authors":"N. Abramova, N. V. Zenkova, M. Selimyan","doi":"10.31677/2072-6724-2023-67-2-133-141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2023-67-2-133-141","url":null,"abstract":"The article’s author determined the development trends of dairy breeds of cattle in the Vologda region based on the quantitative and qualitative traits dynamics from 2015 to 2021. According to the research results, from 2016 to 2020, the number of assessed livestock in the region stabilised, totalling 166 thousand animal units, including 76-77 thousand cows. In 2021, there is a decrease in the total number of livestock by 3.0 thousand animal units (up to 163 thousand heads), including cows - by 1.0 thousand animal units (up to 75 thousand heads). At breeding livestock farms for the analysed period, the number of animals increased by 8.27 thousand animal units. It amounted to 43.01 thousand animal units, including cows - by 3.56 thousand animal units (up to 20.49 thousand heads). In the Vologda region, the primary livestock of dairy breeds of cattle is made up of animals of the black-and-white breed - 68.46 thousand animal units, the rest of the species - from 4.47 (Holstein) to 10.62 thousand animal units (Kholmogory). The authors established for the analysed period an increase in the milk yield of cows for the Holstein breed by 1515 kg of milk (up to 9804 kg), for the Kholmogory breed - by 2147 kg (up to 7548 kg). An increase in milk yield until 2020 was revealed for the rest of the species. But in 2021, there was a decrease of 91 kg of milk for the Black-and-White breed (up to 8788 kg), 126 kg for the Yaroslavl breed (up to 6609 kg) and 222 kilograms for the Ayrshire breed. In the Vologda region, two species have high levels of milk fat: Yaroslavl - from 4.06 to 4.31% and Ayrshire - from 4.19 to 4.27%. For the Black-and-White breed, the indicators of the mass fraction of fat in the milk of cows are also at a high level - from 3.83 to 3.90%. The Black-and-White breed has the highest indicator of the mass fraction of protein in the milk of cows - from 3.21 to 3.30%, Yaroslavl - from 3.19 to 3.36 and Ayrshire - from 3.14 to 3.28%. Consequently, each breed population is characterised by its unique development of selectable traits in the region.","PeriodicalId":124451,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University)","volume":"164 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132463515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-26DOI: 10.31677/2072-6724-2023-67-2-170-180
O. Zaiko, T. Konovalova, E. E. Glushchenko, O. Korotkevich, V. L. Petukhov, O. I. Sebezhko
The authors in the article demonstrated the results of assessing the level of stable strontium in the skeletal muscles, liver, kidneys and spleen of Landrace pigs at the end of the technological cycle. The studies were performed on clinically healthy animals raised in a large pig farm in the Altai Territory. The conditions of keeping the animals corresponded to those typical for meat fattening up to 100 kg. Feeding was carried out with complete feed. Elemental analysis of samples of parenchymal organs and muscle tissue was performed using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectral analysis. Data processing was performed using Microsoft Office Excel and the R programming language in the data analysis environment RStudio version 2022.07.2+576 (RStudio, PBC). The distribution did not correspond to normal in all cases. The dispersions are not homogeneous. Based on the mean value and median, an increasing ranked series of strontium content in organs and tissues were established: liver = skeletal muscles < spleen < kidneys, in numerical terms: 1: 1: 3.7: 4.7 and 1: 1: 3.9: 5.7 respectively. Medians for stable strontium in the liver, kidney, spleen, and skeletal muscle were 0.024; 0.130; 0.089 and 0.023 mg/kg, respectively. Reference intervals for the liver are 0.004-0.043 and for the spleen - 0.030-0.145 mg/kg. The most significant range of variability is characteristic of the kidneys of pigs. A considerable uniformity is typical of the liver and skeletal muscles. Using the Kruskal-Wallis test, it was established that the accumulation of stable strontium significantly differs in the examined organs and tissues of pigs (H = 68.9, df = 3, p < 0.0001). Pairwise comparison showed significant differences for the kidney-liver, spleen-liver, skeletal muscle-kidney, and skeletal muscle-spleen pairs. Two clusters were identified according to the similarity of strontium accumulation: liver and skeletal muscles, kidneys and spleen. The calcium-strontium ratio, taking into account medians, for skeletal muscles was 1:1833, and for the liver - 1:1870. The established results can serve as an approximate physiological norm for the concentration of stable strontium in individual structures of the organism of Landrace pigs under the conditions of Western Siberia.
作者在文章中展示了在技术周期结束时评估长白猪骨骼肌、肝脏、肾脏和脾脏中稳定锶水平的结果。这些研究是在阿尔泰地区一个大型养猪场饲养的临床健康动物上进行的。饲养动物的条件符合典型的肉类增肥至100公斤的条件。饲喂全料饲料。采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法对实质器官和肌肉组织样品进行元素分析。在数据分析环境RStudio version 2022.07.2+576 (RStudio, PBC)下，使用Microsoft Office Excel和R编程语言进行数据处理。分布并非在所有情况下都符合正态分布。色散不是均匀的。根据平均值和中位数，建立了各脏器组织中锶含量的递增顺序:肝脏=骨骼肌<脾脏<肾脏，数值分别为1:1:3.7:4.7和1:1:3.9:5.7。肝、肾、脾和骨骼肌中稳定锶的中位数为0.024;0.130;分别为0.089和0.023 mg/kg。肝脏的参考区间为0.004-0.043，脾脏的参考区间为0.030-0.145 mg/kg。最显著的变异范围是猪肾脏的特征。肝脏和骨骼肌具有相当的均匀性。通过Kruskal-Wallis试验，我们发现稳定态锶在猪各器官和组织中的蓄积量存在显著差异(H = 68.9, df = 3, p < 0.0001)。两两比较显示肾-肝、脾-肝、骨骼肌-肾、骨骼肌-脾有显著性差异。根据锶积聚的相似性，确定了两个簇:肝脏和骨骼肌，肾脏和脾脏。考虑到中位数，骨骼肌的钙锶比为1:1833，肝脏的钙锶比为1:19 70。所建立的结果可作为西西伯利亚条件下长白猪机体各结构中稳定锶浓度的近似生理规范。
{"title":"Features of accumulation and variability of stable strontium in some organs and tissues of landrace pigs","authors":"O. Zaiko, T. Konovalova, E. E. Glushchenko, O. Korotkevich, V. L. Petukhov, O. I. Sebezhko","doi":"10.31677/2072-6724-2023-67-2-170-180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2023-67-2-170-180","url":null,"abstract":"The authors in the article demonstrated the results of assessing the level of stable strontium in the skeletal muscles, liver, kidneys and spleen of Landrace pigs at the end of the technological cycle. The studies were performed on clinically healthy animals raised in a large pig farm in the Altai Territory. The conditions of keeping the animals corresponded to those typical for meat fattening up to 100 kg. Feeding was carried out with complete feed. Elemental analysis of samples of parenchymal organs and muscle tissue was performed using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectral analysis. Data processing was performed using Microsoft Office Excel and the R programming language in the data analysis environment RStudio version 2022.07.2+576 (RStudio, PBC). The distribution did not correspond to normal in all cases. The dispersions are not homogeneous. Based on the mean value and median, an increasing ranked series of strontium content in organs and tissues were established: liver = skeletal muscles < spleen < kidneys, in numerical terms: 1: 1: 3.7: 4.7 and 1: 1: 3.9: 5.7 respectively. Medians for stable strontium in the liver, kidney, spleen, and skeletal muscle were 0.024; 0.130; 0.089 and 0.023 mg/kg, respectively. Reference intervals for the liver are 0.004-0.043 and for the spleen - 0.030-0.145 mg/kg. The most significant range of variability is characteristic of the kidneys of pigs. A considerable uniformity is typical of the liver and skeletal muscles. Using the Kruskal-Wallis test, it was established that the accumulation of stable strontium significantly differs in the examined organs and tissues of pigs (H = 68.9, df = 3, p < 0.0001). Pairwise comparison showed significant differences for the kidney-liver, spleen-liver, skeletal muscle-kidney, and skeletal muscle-spleen pairs. Two clusters were identified according to the similarity of strontium accumulation: liver and skeletal muscles, kidneys and spleen. The calcium-strontium ratio, taking into account medians, for skeletal muscles was 1:1833, and for the liver - 1:1870. The established results can serve as an approximate physiological norm for the concentration of stable strontium in individual structures of the organism of Landrace pigs under the conditions of Western Siberia.","PeriodicalId":124451,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134592486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-26DOI: 10.31677/2072-6724-2023-67-2-163-169
N. N. Gorb, E. Y. Smertina, A. Merck, V. M. Sorokoletova, M. V. Lazareva
In the article, the authors presented data on the species structure of the microflora isolated from cows with acute postpartum purulent-catarrhal endometritis. In acute postpartum endometritis, representatives of 8 genera of microorganisms were isolated in washings from the cervical canal. Identification of isolates to the species showed that Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were most often isolated from sick cows. These microorganisms were more common in associations: Escherichia coli + Streptococcus pyogene; Staphylococcus aureus + Streptococcus pyogenes. And Proteus vulgaris + Staphylococcus epidermidis. The disk diffusion method tested Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus for resistance to 9 pharmacological groups of antimicrobial agents. In total, 48 isolates of 15 antibacterial drugs were tested in the work. The studied isolates of microorganisms showed multiple drug resistance. The authors revealed resistance to drugs of three or more pharmacological groups. Microorganisms showed high resistance (80% or more of isolates that did not show growth zone retardation) to drugs: neomycin (aminoglycosides) and benzylpenicillin (penicillins) - Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli; vancomycin (glycopeptides), polymyxin (polymyxins) - Streptococcus pyogenes and Escherichia coli; ampicillin (penicillins), tetracycline (tetracyclines), cefazolin (cephalosporins), ciprofloxacin (fluoroquinolones) - only Staphylococcus aureus; lincomycin (lincosamides), tylosin (macrolides) - only Escherichia coli; streptomycin (aminoglycoside) - only Streptococcus pyogenes.
{"title":"Resistance to antimicrobials of the microflora extracted in acute postpartum endometritis in cows","authors":"N. N. Gorb, E. Y. Smertina, A. Merck, V. M. Sorokoletova, M. V. Lazareva","doi":"10.31677/2072-6724-2023-67-2-163-169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2023-67-2-163-169","url":null,"abstract":"In the article, the authors presented data on the species structure of the microflora isolated from cows with acute postpartum purulent-catarrhal endometritis. In acute postpartum endometritis, representatives of 8 genera of microorganisms were isolated in washings from the cervical canal. Identification of isolates to the species showed that Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were most often isolated from sick cows. These microorganisms were more common in associations: Escherichia coli + Streptococcus pyogene; Staphylococcus aureus + Streptococcus pyogenes. And Proteus vulgaris + Staphylococcus epidermidis. The disk diffusion method tested Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus for resistance to 9 pharmacological groups of antimicrobial agents. In total, 48 isolates of 15 antibacterial drugs were tested in the work. The studied isolates of microorganisms showed multiple drug resistance. The authors revealed resistance to drugs of three or more pharmacological groups. Microorganisms showed high resistance (80% or more of isolates that did not show growth zone retardation) to drugs: neomycin (aminoglycosides) and benzylpenicillin (penicillins) - Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli; vancomycin (glycopeptides), polymyxin (polymyxins) - Streptococcus pyogenes and Escherichia coli; ampicillin (penicillins), tetracycline (tetracyclines), cefazolin (cephalosporins), ciprofloxacin (fluoroquinolones) - only Staphylococcus aureus; lincomycin (lincosamides), tylosin (macrolides) - only Escherichia coli; streptomycin (aminoglycoside) - only Streptococcus pyogenes.","PeriodicalId":124451,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132821066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-26DOI: 10.31677/2072-6724-2023-67-2-205-210
K. V. Kolesnikovich, P. Krasochko
The authors in the article presented the results of assessing the immune response of guinea pigs using the protective protein of the bovine respiratory syncytial infection virus (RSI), obtained using recombinant E. coli BRSV-F1. The research was carried out in the branch laboratory of veterinary biotechnology and infectious animal diseases of the Vitebsk Order of the Badge of Honor of the State Academy of Veterinary Medicine. The average titer of specific antibodies of guinea pigs to the use of the protective protein of the bovine RSI virus was studied in 9 experimental groups and one control group. Blood sampling was carried out at the beginning of the experiment, before the second immunisation and 14 days after the second immunisation. The average titer of specific antibodies to the use of the protective protein of the bovine RSI virus was determined using an indirect hemagglutination reaction with an erythrocyte diagnosticum containing the bovine respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). With the introduction of samples of the prototype vaccine containing the gene encoding the production of the bovine RSI virus protein: group 1 - whole bacteria E. coli BRSV-F1 with an inducer of protein synthesis IPTG; 2nd, whole bacteria E. coli BRSV-F1 with protein synthesis inducer IPTG + 15% adjuvant IZA-15; 3rd, bacterial lysate E. coli BRSV-F1 with an inducer of protein synthesis IPTG; 4th – E. coli bacterial lysate BRSV-F1 with protein synthesis inducer IPTG + 15% adjuvant IZA-15; 5th - protective protein F1 + 15% adjuvant IZA-15; 6th - protective protein F1 + 2% cellulose, 7th - inactivated bovine RSV (JSC «Belvitunipharm») + 15% adjuvant IZA15; 8th - Hiprabovis 4 vaccines (HIPRA, Spain) and 9th - Bovi-shield Gold FP 5 L5 vaccines (Zoetis, USA) - in the experimental groups, an increase in antibody titer in paired blood sera was noted compared to the control group. From the data obtained, it was concluded that the studied samples of the vaccine prototype containing the gene encoding the production of the bovine RSV protein are not inferior in immunogenic activity to the vaccines Bovishield Gold FP 5 L5 and Hiprabovis 4. Therefore, the protective protein of the bovine RSI virus can be included in the composition of vaccines against this pathology to replace the cultural virus.
{"title":"Dynamics of the immune response in laboratory animals to the introduction of a protective protein of the cause of respiratory syncytial infection in cattle","authors":"K. V. Kolesnikovich, P. Krasochko","doi":"10.31677/2072-6724-2023-67-2-205-210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2023-67-2-205-210","url":null,"abstract":"The authors in the article presented the results of assessing the immune response of guinea pigs using the protective protein of the bovine respiratory syncytial infection virus (RSI), obtained using recombinant E. coli BRSV-F1. The research was carried out in the branch laboratory of veterinary biotechnology and infectious animal diseases of the Vitebsk Order of the Badge of Honor of the State Academy of Veterinary Medicine. The average titer of specific antibodies of guinea pigs to the use of the protective protein of the bovine RSI virus was studied in 9 experimental groups and one control group. Blood sampling was carried out at the beginning of the experiment, before the second immunisation and 14 days after the second immunisation. The average titer of specific antibodies to the use of the protective protein of the bovine RSI virus was determined using an indirect hemagglutination reaction with an erythrocyte diagnosticum containing the bovine respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). With the introduction of samples of the prototype vaccine containing the gene encoding the production of the bovine RSI virus protein: group 1 - whole bacteria E. coli BRSV-F1 with an inducer of protein synthesis IPTG; 2nd, whole bacteria E. coli BRSV-F1 with protein synthesis inducer IPTG + 15% adjuvant IZA-15; 3rd, bacterial lysate E. coli BRSV-F1 with an inducer of protein synthesis IPTG; 4th – E. coli bacterial lysate BRSV-F1 with protein synthesis inducer IPTG + 15% adjuvant IZA-15; 5th - protective protein F1 + 15% adjuvant IZA-15; 6th - protective protein F1 + 2% cellulose, 7th - inactivated bovine RSV (JSC «Belvitunipharm») + 15% adjuvant IZA15; 8th - Hiprabovis 4 vaccines (HIPRA, Spain) and 9th - Bovi-shield Gold FP 5 L5 vaccines (Zoetis, USA) - in the experimental groups, an increase in antibody titer in paired blood sera was noted compared to the control group. From the data obtained, it was concluded that the studied samples of the vaccine prototype containing the gene encoding the production of the bovine RSV protein are not inferior in immunogenic activity to the vaccines Bovishield Gold FP 5 L5 and Hiprabovis 4. Therefore, the protective protein of the bovine RSI virus can be included in the composition of vaccines against this pathology to replace the cultural virus.","PeriodicalId":124451,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128666677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-26DOI: 10.31677/2072-6724-2023-67-2-211-219
V. Linnik, V. A. Kosov
The development and application of modern technological methods of rearing, as well as the improvement and introduction into the production of new devices for servicing calves, is one of the main directions for further improving the technologies for keeping dairy cattle and increasing milk production. The work aimed to intensify the milk production of red dairy cows by enhancing the technological methods of maintenance and growing replacement heifers. The authors have made an experimental sample for the scientific and economic experiments. The device (box) was tested on calves, and the modes of drying the surface of their body from amniotic fluid and mucus were optimised. The parameters of its practical operation were established. The use of the proposed device for warming and drying newborn calves makes it possible to reduce the physical labour costs of operators for servicing newborn calves, especially those born weak and with low viability, to reduce their incidence of respiratory infectious diseases by 10–20%, to reduce the cost of medicines, and to minimise the level of stress load on newborns, which contributes to the preservation of their physical strength in the first hours after birth and intensifies growth, development and payment for feed by gains in live weight during the milk growing period. The studies have established that these technological solutions in cultivating replacement heifers contribute to increased product characteristics.
{"title":"Efficiency of different drying methods for newborn calves","authors":"V. Linnik, V. A. Kosov","doi":"10.31677/2072-6724-2023-67-2-211-219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2023-67-2-211-219","url":null,"abstract":"The development and application of modern technological methods of rearing, as well as the improvement and introduction into the production of new devices for servicing calves, is one of the main directions for further improving the technologies for keeping dairy cattle and increasing milk production. The work aimed to intensify the milk production of red dairy cows by enhancing the technological methods of maintenance and growing replacement heifers. The authors have made an experimental sample for the scientific and economic experiments. The device (box) was tested on calves, and the modes of drying the surface of their body from amniotic fluid and mucus were optimised. The parameters of its practical operation were established. The use of the proposed device for warming and drying newborn calves makes it possible to reduce the physical labour costs of operators for servicing newborn calves, especially those born weak and with low viability, to reduce their incidence of respiratory infectious diseases by 10–20%, to reduce the cost of medicines, and to minimise the level of stress load on newborns, which contributes to the preservation of their physical strength in the first hours after birth and intensifies growth, development and payment for feed by gains in live weight during the milk growing period. The studies have established that these technological solutions in cultivating replacement heifers contribute to increased product characteristics.","PeriodicalId":124451,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123876316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-26DOI: 10.31677/2072-6724-2023-67-2-181-189
T. Zubova, V. Pleshkov, O. Smolovskaya, A. V. Semechkova
This study aims to study the biochemical and morphological parameters of the blood of cows with subclinical mastitis. Experimental studies were conducted at Selyana LLC (Kuzbassky village, Kemerovo district, Kemerovo region) in 2021–2022. For this experiment, 12 cows were selected. Animals were divided into experimental (sick) and control (healthy) - 6 goals in each group. Animals were chosen according to the pair-analogues method, considering their live weight, breed, age at calving, milk yield, fat milk content, and physiological state. Body temperature was measured with a mercury thermometer with a scale graduated in Celsius from 34 to 42 ºС. The measurements were carried out for 5 min. The pulse rate was determined on the external maxillary artery for a minute. The number of exhalations calculated the frequency of respiratory movements. The same feeding and maintenance were organised for two groups of animals, i.e., they were in their usual conditions. In animals, after diagnostic tests for mastitis, blood was taken to study biochemical and morphological parameters. In sick animals, hyperproteinemia (87.43±0.82 g/l), low calcium content (87.43±0.82 g/l), and an increase in the level of phosphatase (156.15±0.50 U/l) were noted. In cows with mastitis, the number of leukocytes increased to 14.06 ± 2.29 × 1012/l. The average haemoglobin concentration in the erythrocyte was 27.77±0.43 in the control group and 27.87±0.21 g/dl in the experimental group. When studying the leukogram, the number of monocytes in the control group was 2.23±1.51, and in the group of animals with mastitis - 3.47±1.71%.
{"title":"Biochemical and morphological indicators of blood of cows with subclinical form of mastitis","authors":"T. Zubova, V. Pleshkov, O. Smolovskaya, A. V. Semechkova","doi":"10.31677/2072-6724-2023-67-2-181-189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2023-67-2-181-189","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to study the biochemical and morphological parameters of the blood of cows with subclinical mastitis. Experimental studies were conducted at Selyana LLC (Kuzbassky village, Kemerovo district, Kemerovo region) in 2021–2022. For this experiment, 12 cows were selected. Animals were divided into experimental (sick) and control (healthy) - 6 goals in each group. Animals were chosen according to the pair-analogues method, considering their live weight, breed, age at calving, milk yield, fat milk content, and physiological state. Body temperature was measured with a mercury thermometer with a scale graduated in Celsius from 34 to 42 ºС. The measurements were carried out for 5 min. The pulse rate was determined on the external maxillary artery for a minute. The number of exhalations calculated the frequency of respiratory movements. The same feeding and maintenance were organised for two groups of animals, i.e., they were in their usual conditions. In animals, after diagnostic tests for mastitis, blood was taken to study biochemical and morphological parameters. In sick animals, hyperproteinemia (87.43±0.82 g/l), low calcium content (87.43±0.82 g/l), and an increase in the level of phosphatase (156.15±0.50 U/l) were noted. In cows with mastitis, the number of leukocytes increased to 14.06 ± 2.29 × 1012/l. The average haemoglobin concentration in the erythrocyte was 27.77±0.43 in the control group and 27.87±0.21 g/dl in the experimental group. When studying the leukogram, the number of monocytes in the control group was 2.23±1.51, and in the group of animals with mastitis - 3.47±1.71%.","PeriodicalId":124451,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121261222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-26DOI: 10.31677/2072-6724-2023-67-2-229-236
N. Petrova, V. Glebov
Kidney disease in pets is the most common problem that pet owners come to the veterinary clinic for. With age, the likelihood of kidney disease in domestic cats increases. It has been found that 20 to 50% of household cats older than 15 suffer from chronic renal failure. The authors studied chronic kidney disease of domestic cats in the metropolitan metropolis at the Monino veterinary clinic. The total sample consisted of 85 cats, of which, after clarification of the diagnosis (biochemical tests), experimental (n = 37) and control groups (n = 37) were formed. According to clinical analysis, the latter was assigned to a conditionally healthy group. The mean age of healthy cats in the control group was 4.95±0.22 years (median five years), and that of cats in the experimental group with renal insufficiency was 8.92±0.53 (median nine years). Ultrasound examination of the kidneys of domestic cats with chronic renal failure revealed diseases such as nephritis with a frequency of 32.4%, glomerulonephritis - 27.1, urolithiasis - 21.6 and pyelonephritis - 18.9%. Frequent clinical symptoms in domestic cats were: loss or lack of appetite - 54.1%, vomiting - 32.4%, pollakiuria with strangiuria - 10.8%, and lethargy - 10.8%. Thus, ultrasound diagnostics showed high information content in detecting renal failure in domestic cats. The diagnostic efficiency reached 97%. The ultrasound method has established itself as safe, painless and comfortable for a pet when examining the abdominal organs.
{"title":"Results of ultrasonic study of chronic kidney disease in domestic cats in the territory of the capital megapolis","authors":"N. Petrova, V. Glebov","doi":"10.31677/2072-6724-2023-67-2-229-236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2023-67-2-229-236","url":null,"abstract":"Kidney disease in pets is the most common problem that pet owners come to the veterinary clinic for. With age, the likelihood of kidney disease in domestic cats increases. It has been found that 20 to 50% of household cats older than 15 suffer from chronic renal failure. The authors studied chronic kidney disease of domestic cats in the metropolitan metropolis at the Monino veterinary clinic. The total sample consisted of 85 cats, of which, after clarification of the diagnosis (biochemical tests), experimental (n = 37) and control groups (n = 37) were formed. According to clinical analysis, the latter was assigned to a conditionally healthy group. The mean age of healthy cats in the control group was 4.95±0.22 years (median five years), and that of cats in the experimental group with renal insufficiency was 8.92±0.53 (median nine years). Ultrasound examination of the kidneys of domestic cats with chronic renal failure revealed diseases such as nephritis with a frequency of 32.4%, glomerulonephritis - 27.1, urolithiasis - 21.6 and pyelonephritis - 18.9%. Frequent clinical symptoms in domestic cats were: loss or lack of appetite - 54.1%, vomiting - 32.4%, pollakiuria with strangiuria - 10.8%, and lethargy - 10.8%. Thus, ultrasound diagnostics showed high information content in detecting renal failure in domestic cats. The diagnostic efficiency reached 97%. The ultrasound method has established itself as safe, painless and comfortable for a pet when examining the abdominal organs.","PeriodicalId":124451,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129040902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-26DOI: 10.31677/2072-6724-2023-67-2-197-204
E. A. Klimanova, T. Konovalova
Currently, selective selection takes into account gene polymorphisms associated not only with multiple pregnancies (growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF-9), bone morphogenetic protein receptor (BMPR-IB), etc.) but also with milk parameters (β-lactoglobulin (β-lg), αS1-casein) and meat (myostatin (MSTN), calpastatin (CAST), calpain (CAPN1)) productivity. Thus, genes associated with the transforming growth factor began to be monitored to improve reproductive performance in sheep breeding: BMP-15, GDF-9, and BMPR-IB. Genetic markers related to animal reproduction are exciting, with several productive indicators and other evaluation criteria that have not been previously studied. Work on the relationship of animal gene inheritance with biochemical, haematological, environmental and zootechnical indicators is particularly relevant. In this paper, we consider genotypic variability in Romanov sheep for the BMP-15 gene locus, which belongs to the genes of the β-growth factor family. The distribution of genotypes in sheep of the Romanov breed in the conditions of Western Siberia was as follows: for ewes, the frequencies of genotypes WW–25%, WM–75, and MM–0%; for sheep - 0, 80 and 20%, respectively. All three genotypes (WW, WM, and MM) were identified in the studied sheep. The results differ from the data obtained in several other works on foreign sheep breeds (short-tailed sheep Khan, Awassi, Barki, Ossimi, Rahmani, etc.). It is interesting to study the BMP-15 locus further to establish its associations with biochemical and haematological parameters and the hormonal status of sheep.
{"title":"Polymorphism of the BMP-15 locus in Romanov sheep in Western Siberia","authors":"E. A. Klimanova, T. Konovalova","doi":"10.31677/2072-6724-2023-67-2-197-204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2023-67-2-197-204","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, selective selection takes into account gene polymorphisms associated not only with multiple pregnancies (growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF-9), bone morphogenetic protein receptor (BMPR-IB), etc.) but also with milk parameters (β-lactoglobulin (β-lg), αS1-casein) and meat (myostatin (MSTN), calpastatin (CAST), calpain (CAPN1)) productivity. Thus, genes associated with the transforming growth factor began to be monitored to improve reproductive performance in sheep breeding: BMP-15, GDF-9, and BMPR-IB. Genetic markers related to animal reproduction are exciting, with several productive indicators and other evaluation criteria that have not been previously studied. Work on the relationship of animal gene inheritance with biochemical, haematological, environmental and zootechnical indicators is particularly relevant. In this paper, we consider genotypic variability in Romanov sheep for the BMP-15 gene locus, which belongs to the genes of the β-growth factor family. The distribution of genotypes in sheep of the Romanov breed in the conditions of Western Siberia was as follows: for ewes, the frequencies of genotypes WW–25%, WM–75, and MM–0%; for sheep - 0, 80 and 20%, respectively. All three genotypes (WW, WM, and MM) were identified in the studied sheep. The results differ from the data obtained in several other works on foreign sheep breeds (short-tailed sheep Khan, Awassi, Barki, Ossimi, Rahmani, etc.). It is interesting to study the BMP-15 locus further to establish its associations with biochemical and haematological parameters and the hormonal status of sheep.","PeriodicalId":124451,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129999573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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