Pub Date : 2024-04-17DOI: 10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-271-279
I. Samsonova, A. Plakhova
Beekeeping in the northwest of Russia and the economy of Siberia are based on sources of honey collection, which require a comprehensive study and assessment of their reasonable use. The work aims to study the bioecological properties of melliferous plants of the Apiaceae group and to determine the resource potential of forest and non-forest lands for honey collection. Research in the lands of the forest fund of the Leningrad region and the Vasyugan swamps, using a proven methodology for recording findings adopted in research work in beekeeping. In the herbaceous phytochromes of forest lands, melliferous plants are fully included in the composition of umbelliferous plants that live in the Leningrad region’s birch-sorrel forest in Siberia’s open spaces. The studied species belong to mesophytes and nectar bearers. Flowering is observed during the spring and summer periods of honey collection. The ecological and biological characteristics of the Apiaceae family honey-bearing species were established. In the Vasyugan region, the average number of bumblebees, true flies, folded wasps, and other insects per day of observation was 711.1, almost 2.5 times more than honey bees. The competition of numerous insect species indicates the area’s ecological safety. As a result of considering the actual collection of pollen and pollen analysis, 11.3 pieces were identified per 1 m2 per hour. Apis mellifera L. visiting flowers of Siberian angelica in the south of Western Siberia. In June, bees collected 104.9 g of beige-colored pollen (15.67%) from the common gooseberry (Aegopodium podagraria L.) in the Vasyugan region. The productivity of representatives of the Umbelliferae family depends on the place of growth. Significant honey productivity on the edges of birch forests in the Leningrad region is distinguished by angelica (100 kg/ha) and common gooseberry (57 kg/ha); in clearings in Western Siberia, angelica Siberian (40 kg/ha).
{"title":"Bioecological properties of honey-bearing plants of the Umbrella family and resource potential land for honey collection","authors":"I. Samsonova, A. Plakhova","doi":"10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-271-279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-271-279","url":null,"abstract":"Beekeeping in the northwest of Russia and the economy of Siberia are based on sources of honey collection, which require a comprehensive study and assessment of their reasonable use. The work aims to study the bioecological properties of melliferous plants of the Apiaceae group and to determine the resource potential of forest and non-forest lands for honey collection. Research in the lands of the forest fund of the Leningrad region and the Vasyugan swamps, using a proven methodology for recording findings adopted in research work in beekeeping. In the herbaceous phytochromes of forest lands, melliferous plants are fully included in the composition of umbelliferous plants that live in the Leningrad region’s birch-sorrel forest in Siberia’s open spaces. The studied species belong to mesophytes and nectar bearers. Flowering is observed during the spring and summer periods of honey collection. The ecological and biological characteristics of the Apiaceae family honey-bearing species were established. In the Vasyugan region, the average number of bumblebees, true flies, folded wasps, and other insects per day of observation was 711.1, almost 2.5 times more than honey bees. The competition of numerous insect species indicates the area’s ecological safety. As a result of considering the actual collection of pollen and pollen analysis, 11.3 pieces were identified per 1 m2 per hour. Apis mellifera L. visiting flowers of Siberian angelica in the south of Western Siberia. In June, bees collected 104.9 g of beige-colored pollen (15.67%) from the common gooseberry (Aegopodium podagraria L.) in the Vasyugan region. The productivity of representatives of the Umbelliferae family depends on the place of growth. Significant honey productivity on the edges of birch forests in the Leningrad region is distinguished by angelica (100 kg/ha) and common gooseberry (57 kg/ha); in clearings in Western Siberia, angelica Siberian (40 kg/ha).","PeriodicalId":124451,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University)","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140692972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-17DOI: 10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-185-195
O. Zayko, T. Konovalova, V. L. Petukhov
The results of assessing the concentration of cadmium in the liver, kidneys, lungs, and spleen of Landrace pigs are presented. The studies were conducted on clinically healthy 6-month-old animals raised in a sizeable pig-breeding enterprise in the Altai Territory. The conditions for keeping the animals were standard; standard feeding was used for meat fattening. The level of cadmium in parenchymal organs was determined using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectral analysis. Data processing was performed using Microsoft Office Excel, the R programming language, and the RStudio data analysis environment version 2022.07.2+576 (RStudio, PBC). The need to use nonparametric criteria has been established. Considering the average values and medians, the authors formed an increasingly ranked series of cadmium content in organs: lungs < spleen < liver < kidneys, in numerical terms, focusing on the first statistical indicator: 1: 1.1: 2.1: 36.0.
{"title":"Cadmium level in parenchymatous organs of landrace pigs","authors":"O. Zayko, T. Konovalova, V. L. Petukhov","doi":"10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-185-195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-185-195","url":null,"abstract":"The results of assessing the concentration of cadmium in the liver, kidneys, lungs, and spleen of Landrace pigs are presented. The studies were conducted on clinically healthy 6-month-old animals raised in a sizeable pig-breeding enterprise in the Altai Territory. The conditions for keeping the animals were standard; standard feeding was used for meat fattening. The level of cadmium in parenchymal organs was determined using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectral analysis. Data processing was performed using Microsoft Office Excel, the R programming language, and the RStudio data analysis environment version 2022.07.2+576 (RStudio, PBC). The need to use nonparametric criteria has been established. Considering the average values and medians, the authors formed an increasingly ranked series of cadmium content in organs: lungs < spleen < liver < kidneys, in numerical terms, focusing on the first statistical indicator: 1: 1.1: 2.1: 36.0.","PeriodicalId":124451,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University)","volume":"97 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140694234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-17DOI: 10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-280-288
O. V. Smolovskaya, E. V. Ulrich, V. A. Pleshkov, R. O. Kasyanov
Violating technological processes, boundaries with feeding, zoohygienic standards, and veterinary and sanitary rules for keeping animals are possible reasons for developing diseases in cattle. The study aimed to study the effect of the zoogenic drug “Hoof Cleaning Concentrate” as a filler in foot baths while maintaining the impact of the distal limbs of cattle. When studying the national zoohygienic drug “Concentrate for Cleaning the Hoof” on clinical signs of damage to the distal limbs of the experimental livestock, it was found that the use of a 2.5% solution of the zoohygienic drug “Concentrate for Cleaning the Hoof” reduces the cost of veterinary activities by 18.4%, in the sense of using a 1.5% solution. To prevent the distal extremities, a 2.5% solution of the zoohygienic preparation “Concentrate for cleaning the hoof” should be used for ten days, which reduces the incidence and severity of the disease of the extremities in animals. The economic damage from a decrease in productivity when exposed to symptoms characteristic of pododermatitis was 50.0% less in the 2nd experimental group than in the 1st and 66.6% less compared to the control group.
{"title":"Prevention of limb diseases in cattle","authors":"O. V. Smolovskaya, E. V. Ulrich, V. A. Pleshkov, R. O. Kasyanov","doi":"10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-280-288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-280-288","url":null,"abstract":"Violating technological processes, boundaries with feeding, zoohygienic standards, and veterinary and sanitary rules for keeping animals are possible reasons for developing diseases in cattle. The study aimed to study the effect of the zoogenic drug “Hoof Cleaning Concentrate” as a filler in foot baths while maintaining the impact of the distal limbs of cattle. When studying the national zoohygienic drug “Concentrate for Cleaning the Hoof” on clinical signs of damage to the distal limbs of the experimental livestock, it was found that the use of a 2.5% solution of the zoohygienic drug “Concentrate for Cleaning the Hoof” reduces the cost of veterinary activities by 18.4%, in the sense of using a 1.5% solution. To prevent the distal extremities, a 2.5% solution of the zoohygienic preparation “Concentrate for cleaning the hoof” should be used for ten days, which reduces the incidence and severity of the disease of the extremities in animals. The economic damage from a decrease in productivity when exposed to symptoms characteristic of pododermatitis was 50.0% less in the 2nd experimental group than in the 1st and 66.6% less compared to the control group.","PeriodicalId":124451,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University)","volume":"20 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140693102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-17DOI: 10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-253-260
I. Patrakova, G. Gurinovich, O. V. Salishcheva, M. Patshina, K. A. Ivantsova
Domestic and foreign scientists are constantly working to find natural antioxidants that prove to consumers that they are safer and healthier. Various plant materials, including various processed fruits and vegetables, are valuable sources of antioxidants. These compounds include phenolic compounds, which can measure antioxidant activity against radicals and inhibit the oxidation of lipids and proteins. Leather ensures that the product’s by-products also provide a source of polyphenolic compounds that may provide an alternative to synthetic antioxidants. We have researched obtaining extracts from powdered pomegranate casings and assessing their antioxidant activity. A 40% aqueous ethanol and distilled water solution are used as extractants. Identification methods by UV spectroscopy have shown that the predominant components in certain extracts are phenols and phenolic acids, including gallic acid, as well as flavonoids and tannins, such as catechins and punicalagin. The obtained extracts showed scavenger activity towards DPPH• and ABTS•+ radicals. At the same time, the antioxidant activity of the alcoholic extract against DPPH• was 3.6% higher than that of the aqueous extract. The activity of pomegranate peel powder extract towards the ABTS•+ radical cation did not depend on the nature of the solvent. The experimental data obtained allow us to consider extracts of powdered pomegranate casings as alternatives to synthetic antioxidants in the technology of meat and meat products.
{"title":"Evaluation of antioxidant activity of pomegranate peel powder extract","authors":"I. Patrakova, G. Gurinovich, O. V. Salishcheva, M. Patshina, K. A. Ivantsova","doi":"10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-253-260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-253-260","url":null,"abstract":"Domestic and foreign scientists are constantly working to find natural antioxidants that prove to consumers that they are safer and healthier. Various plant materials, including various processed fruits and vegetables, are valuable sources of antioxidants. These compounds include phenolic compounds, which can measure antioxidant activity against radicals and inhibit the oxidation of lipids and proteins. Leather ensures that the product’s by-products also provide a source of polyphenolic compounds that may provide an alternative to synthetic antioxidants. We have researched obtaining extracts from powdered pomegranate casings and assessing their antioxidant activity. A 40% aqueous ethanol and distilled water solution are used as extractants. Identification methods by UV spectroscopy have shown that the predominant components in certain extracts are phenols and phenolic acids, including gallic acid, as well as flavonoids and tannins, such as catechins and punicalagin. The obtained extracts showed scavenger activity towards DPPH• and ABTS•+ radicals. At the same time, the antioxidant activity of the alcoholic extract against DPPH• was 3.6% higher than that of the aqueous extract. The activity of pomegranate peel powder extract towards the ABTS•+ radical cation did not depend on the nature of the solvent. The experimental data obtained allow us to consider extracts of powdered pomegranate casings as alternatives to synthetic antioxidants in the technology of meat and meat products.","PeriodicalId":124451,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University)","volume":"138 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140693717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-17DOI: 10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-196-203
T. Konovalova
he copper content in the liver of the progeny of four Holstein breed bulls was investigated. Research was done in Kemerovo, Russia. The identical dietary and lodging conditions were established for all groups of offspring after their birth. The copper concentration was studied using atomic emission spectrometry on the SOLAR M6 series instrument in the Analytical Center of the Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, named by V.S. Sobolev. The determination of the heavy metal content in water, soil, and fodder within the dairy cattle zoning was conducted, with the result that the level did not exceed MAC. The normal distribution was determined by using the Shapiro-Wilk test. The Dunn’s test, coupled with Holm’s correction, was employed to evaluate the offspring of the four fathers. The influence of Holstein-bred bulls on copper deposition in offsprings was established. The amount of it in some bulls sons was higher than in others by 2.7 times (49.4 mg/kg). According to the Cu concentration in the liver, bulls were arranged in the following order: 2.7 : 2.0 : 1.3 : 1.0. The concentration of Cu in the liver of the offspring of the fathers was characterized by distinct phenotypic variations. The strength of influence (rw) of the father’s genotype on the variation of copper levels in the liver of sons was 25%. Two groups of fathers were identified with different levels of copper in the livers of their offspring: one group had levels of copper from 49.4 to 38.5 mg/kg, and the other group had levels from 27.6 to 18.2 mg/kg. The variability of copper content in the livers of the offspring of different fathers turned out to be low and ranged from 6.4% to 10%.
{"title":"The impact of the paternal genetic makeup on the copper concentration in the livers of offspring in cattle","authors":"T. Konovalova","doi":"10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-196-203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-196-203","url":null,"abstract":"he copper content in the liver of the progeny of four Holstein breed bulls was investigated. Research was done in Kemerovo, Russia. The identical dietary and lodging conditions were established for all groups of offspring after their birth. The copper concentration was studied using atomic emission spectrometry on the SOLAR M6 series instrument in the Analytical Center of the Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, named by V.S. Sobolev. The determination of the heavy metal content in water, soil, and fodder within the dairy cattle zoning was conducted, with the result that the level did not exceed MAC. The normal distribution was determined by using the Shapiro-Wilk test. The Dunn’s test, coupled with Holm’s correction, was employed to evaluate the offspring of the four fathers. The influence of Holstein-bred bulls on copper deposition in offsprings was established. The amount of it in some bulls sons was higher than in others by 2.7 times (49.4 mg/kg). According to the Cu concentration in the liver, bulls were arranged in the following order: 2.7 : 2.0 : 1.3 : 1.0. The concentration of Cu in the liver of the offspring of the fathers was characterized by distinct phenotypic variations. The strength of influence (rw) of the father’s genotype on the variation of copper levels in the liver of sons was 25%. Two groups of fathers were identified with different levels of copper in the livers of their offspring: one group had levels of copper from 49.4 to 38.5 mg/kg, and the other group had levels from 27.6 to 18.2 mg/kg. The variability of copper content in the livers of the offspring of different fathers turned out to be low and ranged from 6.4% to 10%.","PeriodicalId":124451,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University)","volume":"9 4p2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140693149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-17DOI: 10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-230-236
M. Nekrasova, M. A. Stepanova, Z. N. Alekseeva
The study continues the theme of studying the role of environment and behavior in shaping the productivity of caged fur-bearing animals. In the “human-animal” relationship, the advantage of animals with moderately aggressive behavior in the cost of food per unit of body growth during growth and development is shown in pairs and individually. Pair rearing of growing young mink is more expensive than individual rearing since it, as previously shown, is entirely stressful. Under these conditions, the restructuring of behavior in the process of selection of the American mink for a defensive reaction to humans is accompanied by a sharp increase in variability in many traits, in this case, food consumption per unit of body weight gain during the period of growth and development, which, it would seem, are not directly related to behavior. The work was carried out at the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences experimental fur farm. The genotypes used in the study were Standard Dark Brown (+/+) mink. The main evaluation criterion is the feed cost per unit of body weight gain. The study found that when kept in mixed-sex pairs, the lowest feed costs were found in males with moderately aggressive behavior (34.80 ± 1.20 g). In the most tame type, the maximum feed consumption per unit of body weight gain is noted (95.60 ± 8.90 g). Food consumption is lower in the most aggressive type than in the tamest behavior (32.30±0.03 and 35.40±1.00 g). Individual keeping of young American mink ensures more efficient use of food in both males and females of aggressive and tame behavior.
{"title":"Influence of behavior and conditions on feed costs of young american mink Standard dark brown","authors":"M. Nekrasova, M. A. Stepanova, Z. N. Alekseeva","doi":"10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-230-236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-230-236","url":null,"abstract":"The study continues the theme of studying the role of environment and behavior in shaping the productivity of caged fur-bearing animals. In the “human-animal” relationship, the advantage of animals with moderately aggressive behavior in the cost of food per unit of body growth during growth and development is shown in pairs and individually. Pair rearing of growing young mink is more expensive than individual rearing since it, as previously shown, is entirely stressful. Under these conditions, the restructuring of behavior in the process of selection of the American mink for a defensive reaction to humans is accompanied by a sharp increase in variability in many traits, in this case, food consumption per unit of body weight gain during the period of growth and development, which, it would seem, are not directly related to behavior. The work was carried out at the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences experimental fur farm. The genotypes used in the study were Standard Dark Brown (+/+) mink. The main evaluation criterion is the feed cost per unit of body weight gain. The study found that when kept in mixed-sex pairs, the lowest feed costs were found in males with moderately aggressive behavior (34.80 ± 1.20 g). In the most tame type, the maximum feed consumption per unit of body weight gain is noted (95.60 ± 8.90 g). Food consumption is lower in the most aggressive type than in the tamest behavior (32.30±0.03 and 35.40±1.00 g). Individual keeping of young American mink ensures more efficient use of food in both males and females of aggressive and tame behavior.","PeriodicalId":124451,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University)","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140690694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-17DOI: 10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-140-149
O. A. Snigireva, N. A. Zhilin, Yu.E. Vedernikov, G. Batalova, L. Shchekleina
The research was conducted at the Federal Agrarian Research Center of the North- East named after N.V. Rudnitsky. The influence of the growth regulator Emistim R, the biological preparation Albit TPS (flowing paste), and the chemical disinfectant Bunker, VKS (aqueous suspension concentrate) on the sowing qualities of seeds during storage was studied. The material for the research was seeds and 14-day-old seedlings of the spring wheat variety Bazhenka, harvested from 2015 to 2019. In 2022, an analysis of the sowing qualities of seeds from the 2015–2019 harvest was carried out, as well as a phytopathological analysis of seedlings using the roll culture method. The initial germination of seeds in most study options and harvest years met the requirements of SS (State Standard) 52325–2005. The sample volume in each repetition is 25 grains, four repetitions, and the experiment duration is 14 days. After the end of the experiment, the length and weight of leaves and roots were measured. The spread (damage) and development of root rot were taken into account according to E. Goiman’s scale. It was shown that laboratory germination and the manifestation of root rot at the beginning of ontogenesis, in addition to the weather conditions of the harvest year, were influenced by the treatment of sown seeds and the spraying of crops with growth regulators. It has been established that in spring wheat Bazhenka, in variants using the growth regulator Albit with minor damage by root rot, the growth processes of roots and green mass are improved, and laboratory germination increases. The drug Emistim R probably does not have high fungicidal activity against pathogens of root infections of wheat since, in almost all variants of its use, the indicators of damage and disease development were higher than in control. Studies have established a close positive relationship (r = 0.82 at P ≥ 0.95) between these signs. A significant negative relationship (r = -0.93 at P ≥ 0.95) was found between seedling damage and laboratory seed germination. In the variants of treatment of seeds or crops with Albit, the length and weight of roots and leaves were predominantly higher than the control in seeds of all years of reproduction. The stimulating effect of the biological product Emistim R is more pronounced when treating seeds. A significant negative relationship was established between the infection of long seedlings and the weight of roots and seedlings (r = -0.88; -0.54; -0.76; -0.75 at P ≥ 0.95).
{"title":"Influence of biological products and seed storage duration on laboratory germination of spring wheat plants","authors":"O. A. Snigireva, N. A. Zhilin, Yu.E. Vedernikov, G. Batalova, L. Shchekleina","doi":"10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-140-149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-140-149","url":null,"abstract":"The research was conducted at the Federal Agrarian Research Center of the North- East named after N.V. Rudnitsky. The influence of the growth regulator Emistim R, the biological preparation Albit TPS (flowing paste), and the chemical disinfectant Bunker, VKS (aqueous suspension concentrate) on the sowing qualities of seeds during storage was studied. The material for the research was seeds and 14-day-old seedlings of the spring wheat variety Bazhenka, harvested from 2015 to 2019. In 2022, an analysis of the sowing qualities of seeds from the 2015–2019 harvest was carried out, as well as a phytopathological analysis of seedlings using the roll culture method. The initial germination of seeds in most study options and harvest years met the requirements of SS (State Standard) 52325–2005. The sample volume in each repetition is 25 grains, four repetitions, and the experiment duration is 14 days. After the end of the experiment, the length and weight of leaves and roots were measured. The spread (damage) and development of root rot were taken into account according to E. Goiman’s scale. It was shown that laboratory germination and the manifestation of root rot at the beginning of ontogenesis, in addition to the weather conditions of the harvest year, were influenced by the treatment of sown seeds and the spraying of crops with growth regulators. It has been established that in spring wheat Bazhenka, in variants using the growth regulator Albit with minor damage by root rot, the growth processes of roots and green mass are improved, and laboratory germination increases. The drug Emistim R probably does not have high fungicidal activity against pathogens of root infections of wheat since, in almost all variants of its use, the indicators of damage and disease development were higher than in control. Studies have established a close positive relationship (r = 0.82 at P ≥ 0.95) between these signs. A significant negative relationship (r = -0.93 at P ≥ 0.95) was found between seedling damage and laboratory seed germination. In the variants of treatment of seeds or crops with Albit, the length and weight of roots and leaves were predominantly higher than the control in seeds of all years of reproduction. The stimulating effect of the biological product Emistim R is more pronounced when treating seeds. A significant negative relationship was established between the infection of long seedlings and the weight of roots and seedlings (r = -0.88; -0.54; -0.76; -0.75 at P ≥ 0.95).","PeriodicalId":124451,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University)","volume":" 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140690823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-16DOI: 10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-112-120
N. V. Polyakova, S. A. Shumikhin, T. N. Shakina
Lilac enjoys popularity in landscape design due to its high decorative value during flowering, unpretentiousness, and sustainability. However, depending on the climatic conditions of cultivation, lilacs may exhibit growth and phenological development peculiarities. This work aims to determine the patterns of seasonal development and growth rates of some varieties of common lilac in botanical gardens of three regions: the Republic of Bashkortostan, Perm Territory, and Saratov Region. The work was carried out over three years (2020–2022) based on lilac collections in the botanical gardens of Ufa, Perm, and Saratov. The objects of research are five varieties cultivated in all three botanical gardens (Beauty of Moscow, Salavat Yulaev, Mme Lemoine, Sensation, Katherine Havemeyer), as well as two varieties (Nafisa and Gulnazira) common to the botanical gardens of Ufa and Perm. It has been established that the initial phases of the growing season (bud dehiscence and the beginning of growth of vegetative shoots) in the seven studied varieties of common lilac in Perm, Ufa, and Saratov begin relatively uniformly in each region and generally depend on the average air temperature and the amount of precipitation. The importance of the genetic characteristics of the variety prevails starting from the flowering phase, which is confirmed by the close dates of the beginning of the flowering stages, the end of flowering, and the growth of vegetative shoots, regardless of the place of study. The annual growth of vegetative shoots probably has a more complex relationship, determined not only by specific weather conditions but also by a range of other factors, particularly soil conditions, microclimate, techniques used, and the level of agricultural technology for cultivating samples.
{"title":"Growth rates and seasonal development of some varieties of lilac (Syringa L.) in regions with different climatic conditions","authors":"N. V. Polyakova, S. A. Shumikhin, T. N. Shakina","doi":"10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-112-120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-112-120","url":null,"abstract":"Lilac enjoys popularity in landscape design due to its high decorative value during flowering, unpretentiousness, and sustainability. However, depending on the climatic conditions of cultivation, lilacs may exhibit growth and phenological development peculiarities. This work aims to determine the patterns of seasonal development and growth rates of some varieties of common lilac in botanical gardens of three regions: the Republic of Bashkortostan, Perm Territory, and Saratov Region. The work was carried out over three years (2020–2022) based on lilac collections in the botanical gardens of Ufa, Perm, and Saratov. The objects of research are five varieties cultivated in all three botanical gardens (Beauty of Moscow, Salavat Yulaev, Mme Lemoine, Sensation, Katherine Havemeyer), as well as two varieties (Nafisa and Gulnazira) common to the botanical gardens of Ufa and Perm. It has been established that the initial phases of the growing season (bud dehiscence and the beginning of growth of vegetative shoots) in the seven studied varieties of common lilac in Perm, Ufa, and Saratov begin relatively uniformly in each region and generally depend on the average air temperature and the amount of precipitation. The importance of the genetic characteristics of the variety prevails starting from the flowering phase, which is confirmed by the close dates of the beginning of the flowering stages, the end of flowering, and the growth of vegetative shoots, regardless of the place of study. The annual growth of vegetative shoots probably has a more complex relationship, determined not only by specific weather conditions but also by a range of other factors, particularly soil conditions, microclimate, techniques used, and the level of agricultural technology for cultivating samples.","PeriodicalId":124451,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University)","volume":"28 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140697098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-16DOI: 10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-41-50
V. P. Danilov, T. A. Sadokhina, A. F. Petrov, O. A. Poznakhareva, V. A. Lanin, N. V. Danilov
The results of the creation of a promising selection number of bright rapeseed No. 595 with the name assigned to it - the Ladny variety (created in collaboration with KSC SB RAS - Federal State Budgetary Institution Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the Russian Federation” (FRBI FRC KSC SB RAS) (Krasnoyarsk) and SFRCA RAS (Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science Siberian Federal Research Center for Agrobiotechnologies of the Academy of Russian Sciences (from now on referred to as SFRCA RAS)) (Novosibirsk)). Variety sample No. 595, obtained as a result of crossing variety sample No. 198, which is a derivative hybrid of winter rapbruck (rape x WWba) and rapeseed variety Librador, Jet hef, K-4554 Gulliver, Tilde, Nora, Emma, Kendl, Torkel, Dubravinsky early ripening, Hja 82470, Uzhursky, Mary and varieties Rhythm selection of the All-Russian Research Institute of Rapeseed (Lipetsk). Variety sample No. 595 is mid-season; the growing season lasts 102-105 days for complex applications - for green mass and oilseeds. In the competitive variety testing 2020-2023. In the forest-steppe conditions of the Chulym region, the yield of green mass of variety sample No. 595 increased to 45.4 t/ha, at the level of the standard, dry matter - 8.6-9.4 t/ha, forage mass - 7.4-9.5 t/ha. The green mass contains digestible protein - 18.2 g/kg, ingredients - 2.6 g/kg, phosphorus - 0.56 g/kg, digestible protein per 1 feed unit - 124.6 g, carotene - 154 mg/kg seed yield – 2.22 t/ha, which is 0.30 t/ha, or 13%, higher than the standard of the Nadezhny 92 variety, seed oil content – 41%, protein content – 28%. The new variety is recommended for cultivation in Eastern Siberia and Eastern Siberia. Ecological variety testing of variety sample No. 595 in 2021 at the Uyarsky variety plot of the Krasnoyarsk Territory showed that the growing season of this variety sample was at the standard level - 115 days, seed yield - 1.61 t/ha (64.3% higher than the standard of the variety Reliable 92 - 0.98 t/ha).
{"title":"A new spring rape variety for Siberia conditions","authors":"V. P. Danilov, T. A. Sadokhina, A. F. Petrov, O. A. Poznakhareva, V. A. Lanin, N. V. Danilov","doi":"10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-41-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-41-50","url":null,"abstract":"The results of the creation of a promising selection number of bright rapeseed No. 595 with the name assigned to it - the Ladny variety (created in collaboration with KSC SB RAS - Federal State Budgetary Institution Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the Russian Federation” (FRBI FRC KSC SB RAS) (Krasnoyarsk) and SFRCA RAS (Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science Siberian Federal Research Center for Agrobiotechnologies of the Academy of Russian Sciences (from now on referred to as SFRCA RAS)) (Novosibirsk)). Variety sample No. 595, obtained as a result of crossing variety sample No. 198, which is a derivative hybrid of winter rapbruck (rape x WWba) and rapeseed variety Librador, Jet hef, K-4554 Gulliver, Tilde, Nora, Emma, Kendl, Torkel, Dubravinsky early ripening, Hja 82470, Uzhursky, Mary and varieties Rhythm selection of the All-Russian Research Institute of Rapeseed (Lipetsk). Variety sample No. 595 is mid-season; the growing season lasts 102-105 days for complex applications - for green mass and oilseeds. In the competitive variety testing 2020-2023. In the forest-steppe conditions of the Chulym region, the yield of green mass of variety sample No. 595 increased to 45.4 t/ha, at the level of the standard, dry matter - 8.6-9.4 t/ha, forage mass - 7.4-9.5 t/ha. The green mass contains digestible protein - 18.2 g/kg, ingredients - 2.6 g/kg, phosphorus - 0.56 g/kg, digestible protein per 1 feed unit - 124.6 g, carotene - 154 mg/kg seed yield – 2.22 t/ha, which is 0.30 t/ha, or 13%, higher than the standard of the Nadezhny 92 variety, seed oil content – 41%, protein content – 28%. The new variety is recommended for cultivation in Eastern Siberia and Eastern Siberia. Ecological variety testing of variety sample No. 595 in 2021 at the Uyarsky variety plot of the Krasnoyarsk Territory showed that the growing season of this variety sample was at the standard level - 115 days, seed yield - 1.61 t/ha (64.3% higher than the standard of the variety Reliable 92 - 0.98 t/ha).","PeriodicalId":124451,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University)","volume":"347 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140698059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-16DOI: 10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-34-40
A. Galichenko
The results of a selection and genetic analysis of the inheritance of essential economically beneficial traits by first-generation soybean hybrids according to the degree of phenotypic dominance and heterosis are presented. The authors considered an assessment of 18 hybrid soybean combinations based on four quantitative characteristics that make up productivity: the number of beans, the number of seeds, the weight of seeds per plant, and the weight of 1000 seeds. The research was conducted in the selection and primary seed production laboratory of the Federal State Budgetary Institution Federal Scientific Center All-Russian Research Institute of Soybeans in 2021–2022. Soybean samples for hybridization were selected using an ecological-geographical principle. The authors used the highly productive soybean varieties bred by the Federal Scientific Center All-Russian Research Institute of Soybeans as maternal forms: Sentyabrinka, Kukhanna; as paternal forms, varieties and samples from the American, European, and Asian ecological-geographical zones. The authors carried out the Artificial intraspecific hybridization in 2021 according to the method of K.K. Baby and T.P. Ryazantseva. As a result of the research, the nature of inheritance of the leading economically beneficial traits in intraspecific F1 soybean hybrids was determined. The degree of manifestation and magnitude of heterosis varied greatly depending on the combination of crossing and the trait being studied - from overdominance to depression. It has been established that the effect of heterosis and overdominance in all four indicators: the number of beans, the number of seeds, the weight of seeds per plant, and the weight of 1000 seeds (hp = 1.14–23.96; G = 2.85–23.26%) – recorded in two promising combinations with the paternal form from the American ecological-geographical zone: ♀ Sentyabrinka x ♂ Saska (Canada) and ♀ Kuhanna x ♂ Saska (Canada). A high degree of phenotypic dominance (hp = 1.65–18.54) and heterosis (G = 5.04–44.53%) in terms of the number of beans, the number of seeds, and the weight of seeds per plant were noted in combination with paternal forms from the American (♀ September x ♂ Kyoto (Canada)), European (♀ September x ♂ Cordoba (Austria)) and Asian (♀ September x ♂ Heihe 12 (PRC)) ecological-geographical zones. These hybrid combinations are of great interest in breeding research for high productivity in the Amur region.
{"title":"Inheritance of quantitative traits and the effect of heterosis in first-generation soybean hybrids","authors":"A. Galichenko","doi":"10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-34-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2024-70-1-34-40","url":null,"abstract":"The results of a selection and genetic analysis of the inheritance of essential economically beneficial traits by first-generation soybean hybrids according to the degree of phenotypic dominance and heterosis are presented. The authors considered an assessment of 18 hybrid soybean combinations based on four quantitative characteristics that make up productivity: the number of beans, the number of seeds, the weight of seeds per plant, and the weight of 1000 seeds. The research was conducted in the selection and primary seed production laboratory of the Federal State Budgetary Institution Federal Scientific Center All-Russian Research Institute of Soybeans in 2021–2022. Soybean samples for hybridization were selected using an ecological-geographical principle. The authors used the highly productive soybean varieties bred by the Federal Scientific Center All-Russian Research Institute of Soybeans as maternal forms: Sentyabrinka, Kukhanna; as paternal forms, varieties and samples from the American, European, and Asian ecological-geographical zones. The authors carried out the Artificial intraspecific hybridization in 2021 according to the method of K.K. Baby and T.P. Ryazantseva. As a result of the research, the nature of inheritance of the leading economically beneficial traits in intraspecific F1 soybean hybrids was determined. The degree of manifestation and magnitude of heterosis varied greatly depending on the combination of crossing and the trait being studied - from overdominance to depression. It has been established that the effect of heterosis and overdominance in all four indicators: the number of beans, the number of seeds, the weight of seeds per plant, and the weight of 1000 seeds (hp = 1.14–23.96; G = 2.85–23.26%) – recorded in two promising combinations with the paternal form from the American ecological-geographical zone: ♀ Sentyabrinka x ♂ Saska (Canada) and ♀ Kuhanna x ♂ Saska (Canada). A high degree of phenotypic dominance (hp = 1.65–18.54) and heterosis (G = 5.04–44.53%) in terms of the number of beans, the number of seeds, and the weight of seeds per plant were noted in combination with paternal forms from the American (♀ September x ♂ Kyoto (Canada)), European (♀ September x ♂ Cordoba (Austria)) and Asian (♀ September x ♂ Heihe 12 (PRC)) ecological-geographical zones. These hybrid combinations are of great interest in breeding research for high productivity in the Amur region.","PeriodicalId":124451,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University)","volume":"13 1‐2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140698548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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