Forest Policy and Economics最新文献_第3页

Misalignment between ecologically rapid and economically optimal forest restoration designs

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103426

Yuta Kobayashi , Masayuki Sato , Kei Uchida , Akira S. Mori

Because the benefits of forest restoration take a long time to materialize, it is desirable to design restoration projects with intergenerational equity in mind, particularly considering the perspectives and feelings of the generation bearing the costs. We conducted a contingent valuation survey with a payment card among the Japanese public focusing on forest restoration in Shiretoko National Park to estimate individual discount rates for carbon and biodiversity recovery. Specifically, we presented two forest restoration scenarios with varying recovery times and asked for their willingness to pay (WTP) for each. From these differences in WTP, the individual discount rates were estimated at 1.17 %. Using the estimated discount rates, cost-benefit analyses were performed on the simulation results of 31 different restoration scenarios with varying planting densities and number of species planted. We also performed the same analyses using commonly used discount rates of 4.0 % and 6.0 %. The results showed a divergence between the ecologically and economically optimal restoration scenarios, and that the economically optimal restoration scenario varied depending on the discount rate. This highlights the need for careful consensus building that combines ecological and economic perspectives in forest ecosystem management.

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引用次数: 0

Implications of China's foreign waste ban on the global waste paper trade networks for circular economy and sustainability

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103428

Xinfei Li , Chang Yu , Zhaohua Wang , Chenlu Tao , Hao Li , Gang Diao , Baodong Cheng

To achieve the sustainable development goal, China banned the import of unclassified waste paper in 2017, known as China's import Ban (CIB) to influence the global waste paper trade. Here, we construct the global waste paper trade networks (GWPTN) to observe network characteristics from 2006 to 2020 and use Difference-in-Differences (DID) to test effects of CIB. Results show that CIB reduces the scale, transmission efficiency and stability of GWPTN and changes the network characteristics of major trading countries as network nodes. By constructing DID models with degree and Strength Centrality as dependent variables, it can be seen that although waste paper exporters affected by CIB have expanded export channels, the total amount of exports still shows a downward trend due to other waste paper importers being unable to replace China's position in GWPTN; Meanwhile, importers other than China import more waste paper, especially Asian importers close to China.

引用次数: 0

Becoming a forester. Exploring forest management students' habitus in the making 成为一名护林员。探索森林管理专业学生养成的习惯

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2025-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103407

Diana Cichecki, Hannes Weinbrenner, Stephanie Bethmann

Foresters in Germany are facing extreme challenges due to climate change and social change, struggling to adapt their management strategies. In this context, our study explores the professional socialization of forest management students at Universities of Applied Sciences in Germany: How is a professional habitus formed during forestry education, and how well does this equip students to address ecological and social transformations? Through qualitative in-depth interviews, we investigate how students experience their education and interpret their future roles and tasks. Using a praxeological framework informed by Bourdieu's concept of habitus, we explore how higher education shapes students' ways of perceiving, feeling, and belonging.

Findings from our analysis include students' hierarchical positioning in relation to a lay public, their objectivist perspective on knowledge, their identification as part of the “forest family”, and mechanisms of inclusion and exclusion that produce a strong sense of group cohesion. Despite inner heterogeneity in the student body, adaptation pressure is high, especially for those who envision a career as a forester. The students themselves see two main challenges for their professional future: social pressures from a lay public and an unpredictable future due to climate change. We argue that their problem definitions actually point to underlying transformation challenges.

Our findings are in resonance with recent debates on forestry's professional culture, its implicit foundations, and its challenges with respect to change. They also point to a potential role of educational institutions to foster diversity in the student body and promote transformation competencies.

由于气候变化和社会变化，德国的林农正面临着极端的挑战，他们正在努力调整自己的管理策略。在此背景下，我们的研究探讨了德国应用科学大学森林管理专业学生的专业社会化：在林业教育中如何形成专业习惯，以及这如何使学生能够应对生态和社会转型？通过定性深入访谈，我们调查学生如何体验他们的教育，并解释他们未来的角色和任务。利用布迪厄的习惯概念为基础的行动学框架，我们探讨了高等教育如何塑造学生的感知、感觉和归属方式。

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引用次数: 0

Three decades of forest policy studies in the countries in the former socialist countries of Europe: A review 欧洲前社会主义国家三十年森林政策研究：回顾

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103398

Ekaterina Makrickiene , Vilis Brukas , Ivana Živojinović , Zuzana Dobšinská

Since the late 1980s, the transformative changes in former socialist societies have provided a unique context for forest policy research. However, a comprehensive review of this body of scholarship has been lacking. This paper addresses this gap by by reviewing forest policy studies for 19 countries of the ex-socialist realm. We identified 285 articles in international peer-reviewed journals, published in 1990–2024. Bibliometric and narrative analysis revealed several positive trends including rapidly growing number of publications, and between other aspects, improving gender balance in the authorship. There is an evident increase of the research capacity as the domestic contributors clearly prevail over the foreign authors since 2015. The output, measured bythe number of published studies, differs remarkably among the analysed countries. The Czech Republic, Poland and Slovakia lead in publication numbers, while Montenegro, Moldova, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Belarus rank at the bottom.

“State forestry” (42 % of the total count) and “private forestry” (30 %) are the two prevailing thematic hubs among the sampled studies. Our review confirms substantial influence of ideological and institutional legacies from the socialist period with such outcomes as the dominating power of state actors, prevalence of strong regulatory approaches and limited decision space for private forest owners. Important topics for future research include, among others, deeper sociological understanding of forest restitution and of reform processes in state forestry; red tape and corruption in the forest sector, trust between private and state actors; better balancing of regulatory, economic and informational instruments; and national accommodations of the forest-related EU policies.

自1980年代末以来，前社会主义社会的变革为森林政策研究提供了独特的背景。然而，对这一学术体系的全面回顾一直缺乏。本文通过回顾19个前社会主义国家的森林政策研究来解决这一差距。我们在1990-2024年间发表的285篇国际同行评议期刊上的文章。文献计量学和叙事分析揭示了几个积极的趋势，包括出版物数量的迅速增长，以及在其他方面，作者的性别平衡得到改善。自2015年以来，国内作者明显超过外国作者，研究能力明显提高。以发表的研究数量来衡量的产出，在被分析的国家之间差别很大。捷克共和国、波兰和斯洛伐克在出版物数量上领先，而黑山、摩尔多瓦、阿尔巴尼亚、波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那和白俄罗斯排名垫底。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing actor-centered power theory through actor typology: Insights from community-based conservation in China 通过行动者类型学强化行动者为中心的权力理论：来自中国社区保护的启示

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103425

Jiacheng Zhao , Pei Zhang , Feng Tian , Weiping Shi

This study addresses a critical limitation of Actor-centered Power (ACP) theory in Community-based Conservation (CBC) initiatives: its tendency to rely on predefined roles for actors, which can obscure the complex dynamics within communities. By integrating ACP theory with Scharpf's actor typology, this research aims to provide a framework that better reflects the nuanced power relationships both within communities and between communities and external actors. Using a comparative case study approach, we analyze three CBC programs in China to test this framework. Our findings underscore two key contributions. First, the combined framework allows for a more precise identification and analysis of power relations, revealing how internal and external actor roles shape community cohesion and collective action. Second, we highlight the significance of informational power in fostering communities' development as collective actors, thereby enhancing CBC effectiveness.

本研究解决了行动者为中心的权力（ACP）理论在社区保护（CBC）倡议中的一个关键局限性：它倾向于依赖预定义的行动者角色，这可能会模糊社区内复杂的动态。通过将ACP理论与Scharpf的行动者类型学相结合，本研究旨在提供一个更好地反映社区内部以及社区与外部行动者之间微妙权力关系的框架。采用比较案例研究的方法，我们分析了中国的三个CBC项目来检验这一框架。我们的发现强调了两个关键贡献。首先，综合框架允许对权力关系进行更精确的识别和分析，揭示内部和外部行动者角色如何塑造社区凝聚力和集体行动。第二，我们强调信息力量在促进社区作为集体行动者的发展方面的重要性，从而提高CBC的有效性。

引用次数: 0

Finnish forest owners' intentions to participate in cooperative forest management 芬兰森林所有者参与合作森林经营的意愿

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2025-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103420

Liina Häyrinen, Janne Kaseva, Eija Pouta

In addressing global environmental challenges such as biodiversity loss, climate change, and the degradation of vulnerable ecosystems, the role of forest owners and their cooperation is essential. Despite the evident potential of cooperation, the interaction among forest owners remains an underexplored area, particularly concerning the factors that influence forest owners' willingness to cooperate. This study focuses on various forms of forest owner cooperation, ranging from shared goals to the joint implementation of management actions. We apply the theory of planned behavior to understand forest owners' intentions to cooperate based on their attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and related beliefs. Using survey data from eastern Finland, the results demonstrate that a forest owners' intentions to cooperate are predominantly influenced by their attitudes. These attitudes towards cooperation are largely shaped by a set of behavioral beliefs that are primarily environmentally oriented. The findings suggest that emphasizing the environmental benefits of cooperation can be a key strategy in persuading forest owners to cooperate.

在应对生物多样性丧失、气候变化和脆弱生态系统退化等全球环境挑战时，森林所有者的作用及其合作至关重要。尽管有明显的合作潜力，但森林所有者之间的相互作用仍然是一个未得到充分探索的领域，特别是在影响森林所有者合作意愿的因素方面。这项研究的重点是各种形式的森林所有者合作，从共同目标到共同执行管理行动。本文运用计划行为理论，从态度、主观规范、感知行为控制和相关信念等方面分析了森林所有者的合作意向。利用芬兰东部的调查数据，结果表明森林所有者的合作意愿主要受到他们的态度的影响。这些对合作的态度在很大程度上是由一系列主要以环境为导向的行为信念所塑造的。研究结果表明，强调合作的环境效益可能是说服森林所有者合作的关键策略。

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引用次数: 0

Forest disturbances change psychological ownership among traditional private forest owners in North Rhine Westphalia 森林干扰改变了北莱茵-威斯特伐利亚州传统私人森林所有者的心理所有权

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103422

Leonie Wagner , Franziska Miederhoff

Forests in Germany are experiencing crises due to climate change, dry summers, storms, and widespread damage from pests and diseases. By understanding how private forest owners experience ownership and forest disturbances due to climate change, this study provides valuable insights to better meet the needs of forest owners with family tradition and inform policy decisions and implementations. The literature on forest disturbances primarily concentrates on the economic significance for the forest industry and its ecological consequences. Although studies have shown that severe storms and windthrows alter forest owners' identities and lead to shifts in awareness and emotional responses, the psychological effects of significant forest disturbances remain unexplored. The impact of forest disturbances on forest owners' psychological ownership and subsequent management responses has yet to be investigated, leaving a significant research gap. In this study, we show (a) that different dimensions and manifestations of psychological ownership can be observed among forest owners and (b) that forest disturbances influence all three pathways of forest owners' psychological ownership in various ways, resulting in changes of the motives of psychological ownership. Connectedness to the forest and intergenerational forest family tradition are essential aspects of forest-related identities challenged by disturbances. However, traditional forest owners integrate disturbances into their narrations and counterbalance the loss of control through further knowledge acquisition and greater self-investment. We suggest peer-to-peer learning and communication to foster psychological ownership and address diverse knowledge, values, and identities.

由于气候变化、夏季干燥、风暴和病虫害的广泛破坏，德国的森林正在经历危机。通过了解私人森林所有者如何经历所有权和气候变化造成的森林干扰，本研究为更好地满足具有家族传统的森林所有者的需求并为政策决策和实施提供了有价值的见解。关于森林干扰的文献主要集中在森林工业的经济意义及其生态后果上。虽然研究表明，严重的风暴和大风会改变森林所有者的身份，导致意识和情绪反应的转变，但重大森林干扰的心理影响仍未得到探索。森林扰动对森林所有者的心理所有权和随后的管理反应的影响尚未得到调查，留下了重大的研究空白。本研究发现：(1)林主心理所有权存在不同的维度和表现；(2)森林扰动以不同的方式影响林主心理所有权的三条路径，导致林主心理所有权动机发生变化。与森林的联系和代际森林家庭传统是受到干扰挑战的与森林有关的身份的重要方面。然而，传统的森林所有者将干扰纳入他们的叙述，并通过进一步的知识获取和更大的自我投资来抵消控制权的丧失。我们建议点对点学习和交流，以培养心理所有权，并解决不同的知识，价值观和身份。

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引用次数: 0

The fall of the kings: Power relations and dynamics in Papua's indigenous community in forest resource management 国王的衰落：权力关系和动力在巴布亚的土著社区在森林资源管理

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103424

Antoni Ungirwalu , J.R. Mansoben , Yubelince Y. Runtuboi , Sepus M. Fatem , Mariana H. Peday , Jonni Marwa , Ahmad Maryudi

Tribal leaders in Papua had been positioned as both cultural symbols and real decision-making leaders, but they have lost their power over natural resource management and forests. Using the case of nutmeg management by the tribal Baham-Matta community, we present changes in the power constellations within the local social structures, in which the Kings (Patuans), the highest tribal leaders, have increasingly been unable to rule their people. In this research, we mainly employed the theoretical framework of Actor-centered Power, complemented by the Sequential Power Analysis approach, centered on historical timelines to better grasp the power contestation over time. We found that the Patuans have lost their key power sources/elements, a blend of dominant information, incentives/disincentives, and coercion stemming from the culturally entrenched beliefs held about their spiritual strengths, knowledge and skills in natural resource management and monopolistic contacts with traders. At the same time, community members have gained new power by accessing direct contacts with external traders, enabling them to act according to their own will. The change in the power configuration regarding nutmeg management has been driven by changes in the broader structural (external) context. Specifically, we argue that the introduction of new tenure and administration systems by the state created new social and power relations within the tribal community. The current tenure reform initiatives such as social forestry policies need to consider traditional systems such as nutmeg management, which constitute a key source of livelihood for the tribal community.

巴布亚的部落领袖一直被定位为文化象征和真正的决策领袖，但他们已经失去了对自然资源管理和森林的权力。以Baham-Matta部落社区管理肉豆蔻为例，我们展示了当地社会结构中权力结构的变化，在这种结构中，最高部落领导人国王（Patuans）越来越无法统治他们的人民。在本研究中，我们主要采用以行动者为中心的权力理论框架，辅以以历史时间线为中心的序贯权力分析方法，以更好地把握随着时间推移的权力争夺。我们发现，帕图人已经失去了他们的关键权力来源/要素，这是一种主导信息、激励/抑制和胁迫的混合体，这些因素源于文化上根深蒂固的信念，即他们的精神力量、自然资源管理方面的知识和技能，以及与贸易商的垄断联系。与此同时，社区成员通过与外部贸易商的直接接触获得了新的权力，使他们能够按照自己的意愿行事。有关肉豆蔻管理的权力配置的变化是由更广泛的结构（外部）背景的变化驱动的。具体来说，我们认为国家引入新的权属和管理制度在部落社区内创造了新的社会和权力关系。目前的权属改革举措，如社会林业政策，需要考虑传统制度，如肉豆蔻管理，这是部落社区的主要生计来源。

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引用次数: 0

The impact of National Forest City Construction on local employment: Evidence from China 国家森林城市建设对地方就业的影响：来自中国的证据

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103421

Jingqi Dang , Jingru Wang , Bingqian Tu

The National Forest City Construction (NFCC) initiative aims to improve regional greening levels, optimize ecosystem services, and achieve sustainable development. This policy serves as a key measure to promote eco-friendly urbanization and facilitate coordinated economic development in both urban and rural areas through green transitions. As a comprehensive ecological initiative, the NFCC stimulates local employment through various unexpected channels. This study examines the employment effects of the NFCC using a staggered difference-in-differences (DID) approach, analyzing a panel dataset of 289 prefectures in China from 2002 to 2019. We find that the NFCC increased local employment by an average of 7.08 % in prefectures adopting the policy compared to those without implementation. The policy promotes employment through several mechanisms: (1) stimulating growth in forest-related industries and enhancing business performance, (2) improving the ecological environment to generate indirect job opportunities, and (3) promoting local infrastructure development, which creates additional jobs and attracts skilled workers. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that NFCC benefits extend beyond the primary sector, driving employment growth in manufacturing and service sectors, particularly among private and self-employed workers in forest-rich regions. These findings demonstrate the potential of government-led green initiatives to foster flexible employment opportunities and address job losses in traditional sectors. To maximize long-term benefits, we recommend targeted investments in vocational training and workforce development to align with the demands of the green economy.

国家森林城市建设（NFCC）旨在提高区域绿化水平，优化生态系统服务，实现可持续发展。这一政策是推进生态城镇化，通过绿色转型促进城乡经济协调发展的重要举措。作为一项综合性的生态倡议，NFCC通过各种意想不到的渠道刺激当地就业。本研究采用交错差中差（DID）方法，分析了2002年至2019年中国289个地级市的面板数据集，考察了NFCC对就业的影响。我们发现，与没有实施该政策的地区相比，NFCC在实施该政策的地区平均增加了7.08%的当地就业。该政策通过以下几个机制促进就业：(1)刺激森林相关产业的增长并提高企业绩效；(2)改善生态环境以创造间接就业机会；(3)促进当地基础设施的发展，从而创造额外的就业机会并吸引技术工人。异质性分析表明，NFCC的好处超出了第一部门，推动了制造业和服务业的就业增长，特别是在森林丰富地区的私营和自营职业者中。这些发现表明，政府主导的绿色倡议在促进灵活就业机会和解决传统行业失业问题方面具有潜力。为了使长期效益最大化，我们建议在职业培训和劳动力发展方面进行有针对性的投资，以满足绿色经济的需求。

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引用次数: 0

A social-ecological approach to local forest conflict analysis and shaping 地方森林冲突分析与塑造的社会生态学方法

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103408

Anna S. Brietzke , Engelbert Schramm , Katharina Heß , Diana Hummel , Michael Kreß-Ludwig , Deike U. Lüdtke

Against the backdrop of the climate crisis, forest conflicts are intensifying in Germany. For this reason, it is time to reopen the scientific debate on how we research and manage forest conflicts. In this commentary, we argue that a social-ecological approach takes into account the interactions and interdependencies between social and physical structures and processes of forest conflicts. Consequently, the approach helps to analyse and shape these conflicts.

A social-ecological approach facilitates the consideration of the physical, social, cultural, political and economic aspects of the forest conflicts as well as the dynamics and contexts of different conflicts. It contributes to analysing the site-specific conditions, parameters and dynamics of local forest conflicts. Four shaping dimensions (knowledge, practices, technologies, institutions) can help to relate the conflicts more precisely to the social-ecological system. Against this background, in particular the social context of the conflicts can be analysed in detail.

In turn, a social-ecological approach to conflict management opens up the possibility of initiating change in social and physical interactions and interdependencies. The concept of conflict transformation can complement the social-ecological approach in an action-oriented way, both by contributing to social learning among the conflict actors and by generating ways of dealing with the particular forest that are adapted to new challenges.

在气候危机的背景下，德国的森林冲突正在加剧。出于这个原因，现在是时候重新开始关于我们如何研究和管理森林冲突的科学辩论了。在这篇评论中，我们认为社会生态方法考虑到社会和物理结构以及森林冲突过程之间的相互作用和相互依存关系。因此，这种方法有助于分析和塑造这些冲突。

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引用次数: 0