Forest Policy and Economics最新文献_第4页

A biblio-econometric analysis of tropical forest loss dynamics 热带森林损失动态的文献计量经济学分析

IF 3.8 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103673

Serge Silatsa Nanda , Francis B.T. Silatsa , Martin Jemo , Martin Yemefack , Junna Iwano , Takahiro Fujiwara

Tropical forests, crucial for the planet, are witnessing alarming rates of loss. Literature resulting from research on tropical forest loss (TFL) has been extensive over the last three decades, but its connection with TFL drivers and contribution to halting TFL remains unexplored. This study spotlights the TFL and its related research trends, merging bibliometric analysis and econometric modeling using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Granger causality approaches. We relied on data encompassing 4132 publications on TFL and 1683 observations for each driver from 51 tropical countries, covering the period 1990–2022. The TFL bibliography has increased primarily outside of tropical countries, although its impact is still hampered by weak policy endorsement. Agricultural expansion is identified as the strongest TFL driver, with 1 million hectares of new farmland inducing 1.5 million hectares of TFL. Similarly, logging has a delayed but significant impact on TFL. In contrast, mining and improvement of GDP per capita initially increase TFL but contribute to its reduction after two years, supporting the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis. Our findings reveal that research on TFL is crucial for reducing TFL, as each additional 10 publications contributes to a reduction of 0.7 million hectares of TFL in the subsequent year. Literature citations revealed a delayed and indirect effect, highlighting a research-policy gap. The outlined results emphasize the importance of translating scientific knowledge into governance actions. Strengthening science-policy interfaces, enhancing research alignment with conservation goals and investing in policy-responsive knowledge systems are crucial for transitioning to effective sustainability in tropical forests.

对地球至关重要的热带森林正在以惊人的速度消失。在过去的三十年中，关于热带森林损失（TFL）的研究已经得到了广泛的研究，但其与TFL驱动因素的联系以及对阻止TFL的贡献仍未被探索。本研究结合文献计量学分析和计量经济学模型，采用自回归分布滞后（ARDL）和格兰杰因果关系方法，重点介绍了城市交通运输及其相关研究趋势。我们所依赖的数据包括4132份关于TFL的出版物和1683份来自51个热带国家的每位司机的观测数据，涵盖了1990年至2022年。TFL书目主要在热带国家以外增加，尽管其影响仍然受到政策支持不力的阻碍。农业扩张被认为是最强大的TFL驱动因素，100万公顷的新农田诱发了150万公顷的TFL。同样，日志记录对TFL有延迟但重要的影响。相比之下，采矿和人均GDP的提高最初增加了TFL，但两年后有助于其减少，支持环境库兹涅茨曲线假设。我们的研究结果表明，对TFL的研究对于减少TFL至关重要，因为每增加10份出版物，就会在随后的一年中减少70万公顷的TFL。文献引用揭示了延迟和间接的影响，突出了研究与政策的差距。概述的结果强调了将科学知识转化为治理行动的重要性。加强科学与政策的衔接，加强研究与保护目标的一致性，投资于响应政策的知识系统，对于向热带森林的有效可持续性过渡至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Visitors' experience with conservation areas and their willingness-to-pay for the preservation of old-growth forests 游客对保护区的体验以及他们为保护原始森林付费的意愿

IF 3.8 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103669

Michael Getzner , Anna Kovarovics , Hanns Kirchmeir , Larissa Posch , Claudia Alessandrelli , Caroline Celis , Simone Mayrhofer , Ruth Vanhaecht

The experience of recreationists is known to influence their willingness-to-pay for conservation. This paper presents key findings from a survey of visitors to three old-growth forests in Austria, Italy and Belgium. The results show that respondents hold preferences for nature conservation in regard to the expansion of old-growth and more naturally managed forests for their recreational purposes. Respondents indicated that they would be willing to pay between €2.1 and €4.1 per person a day to fund conservation management. The questionnaire identified the paths and areas where visitors spent their time in the forest. This approach makes it easier to distinguish between the actual use and the presence of old-growth forest. Visitors who experienced old-growth forests also expressed a higher willingness-to-pay for the conservation of these ecosystems. This is also an important finding for conservation management: While there are differences between socio-economic groups and the three forests, visitors who experienced the old-growth forests had a higher willingness-to-pay of roughly €1 per person a day. These results clearly show that visitors value recreation in old-growth forests, and that conservation management could capitalize on this higher valuation by directing visitors to areas associated with high biodiversity values while protecting sensitive areas and funding conservation activities.

众所周知，休闲主义者的经历会影响他们为保护买单的意愿。本文介绍了对奥地利、意大利和比利时三个原始森林的游客进行调查的主要发现。结果表明，受访者更倾向于自然保护，即为了娱乐目的而扩大原生林和更自然管理的森林。受访者表示，他们愿意每人每天支付2.1欧元至4.1欧元来资助保护管理。调查问卷确定了游客在森林中度过时间的路径和区域。这种方法可以更容易地区分实际使用和原始森林的存在。体验过原始森林的游客也更愿意为这些生态系统的保护付费。这也是保护管理的一个重要发现：虽然社会经济群体和三种森林之间存在差异，但体验过原始森林的游客有更高的支付意愿，大约每人每天1欧元。这些结果清楚地表明，游客重视在原始森林中休闲娱乐，保护管理可以通过将游客引导到生物多样性价值高的地区，同时保护敏感地区并资助保护活动来利用这一较高的价值。

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引用次数: 0

Testing the effect of ecosystem service and land classification on global values of forested watershed ecosystem services 生态系统服务功能和土地分类对森林流域生态系统服务功能全球价值的影响

IF 3.8 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103667

Khusro Mir, Roy Brouwer

Forested watersheds provide a variety of ecosystem services. Their economic valuation has increased significantly over the past decades, but the literature is fragmented and heterogenous and little has been done to systematically analyse estimated values. This paper presents a global meta-analysis of the economic values of forested watershed services (FWS). We address two key methodological issues in the literature: the impact of FWS classification on value estimates and sensitivity to scale based on the stock of FWS. The latter is measured as the forested watershed area size compared to common practices to measure overall area size including other land cover and use. In the former case, we compare the detailed Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES) with more simple and informal classifications found in the literature. We show that both the explanatory and predictive power of the estimated meta-regression models increase as we include more details about the valued FWS and use more accurate estimations of the stock of FWS. Findings are cross-validated with the existing forest hydrology literature. The study highlights the economic significance of maintaining forest cover in watershed areas and the need for more harmonised and accurate reporting of the flow and stock of FWS in the non-market valuation literature.

森林流域提供各种生态系统服务。在过去的几十年里，它们的经济估值显著上升，但文献是碎片化和异质的，很少有人系统地分析估计的价值。本文对森林流域服务（FWS）的经济价值进行了全球元分析。我们在文献中解决了两个关键的方法问题：FWS分类对价值估计的影响和基于FWS库存的规模敏感性。后者是衡量森林流域面积的大小，与测量包括其他土地覆盖和利用在内的总体面积的常用做法进行比较。在前一种情况下，我们将详细的国际生态系统服务共同分类（CICES）与文献中更简单和非正式的分类进行了比较。我们发现，当我们包含更多关于FWS价值的细节并使用更准确的FWS存量估计时，估计的元回归模型的解释能力和预测能力都增加了。研究结果与现有的森林水文文献进行了交叉验证。这项研究强调了在流域地区维持森林覆盖的经济意义，以及在非市场估价文献中更协调和准确地报告野生动物的流量和存量的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Science-policy interface in participatory reforms: Integrating forest governance principles into Romania's forestry strategy 参与性改革中的科学-政策界面：将森林治理原则纳入罗马尼亚林业战略

IF 3.8 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2025-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103670

Nicolae Talpă , Liviu Nichiforel , Aureliu-Florin Hălălișan , Adrian Indreica , Victor Dan Păcurar , Laura Bouriaud , Ionuț Barnoaiea , Marian Drăgoi , Cristian Mihai Enescu , Bogdan Popa

This research provides a vivid example of the science-policy interface through a large-scale, academically mediated consultation process supporting the development of Romania's National Forest Strategy 2030. The systematic design of the public consultation was implemented between July 2020 and February 2021 by Romania's two main forestry faculties, under the auspices of the Ministry of Environment, Water and Forests. The process engaged 226 stakeholders in a structured dialogue to formulate substantiated positions on guiding principles, strategic directions, and specific measures for national forest policy. The findings, based on two successive questionnaires, identified varying degrees of consensus on thirteen guiding principles and twenty-two strategic directions grouped in nine thematic areas of action. Broad agreement emerged on priorities such as forest landscape restoration, biodiversity conservation, transparent administration, and ecological education, while significant divergences were observed concerning the level of property rights restrictions, the instruments to ensure the continuity of forest ecosystem services, and the segregation versus integration of biodiversity in forest management. The science-based consultation process demonstrates that a transparent and rigorously structured dialogue fosters constructive exchange even in polarized stakeholders' environments and low-trust institutional settings. The study highlights the potential for harmonizing socio-economic views and ecological approaches on forest management. The findings are discussed in the context of alignment and divergence with the EU Forest Strategy 2030, and recommendations are provided for enhancing participatory governance and evidence-based policy making in forestry.

这项研究提供了一个生动的例子，通过一个大规模的、学术调解的咨询过程来支持罗马尼亚2030年国家森林战略的发展。在环境、水和森林部的主持下，罗马尼亚的两个主要林业学院在2020年7月至2021年2月期间实施了公众咨询的系统设计。226名利益攸关方参与了这一进程，进行了有组织的对话，就国家森林政策的指导原则、战略方向和具体措施制定了确凿的立场。根据连续两份调查表得出的调查结果，确定了对分为9个主题行动领域的13项指导原则和22个战略方向的不同程度的协商一致意见。各国在森林景观恢复、生物多样性保护、透明管理和生态教育等优先事项上达成了广泛共识，而在产权限制水平、确保森林生态系统服务连续性的手段以及森林管理中生物多样性的分离与整合方面存在重大分歧。基于科学的磋商过程表明，即使在利益相关者两极分化的环境和低信任的制度环境中，透明和结构严谨的对话也能促进建设性的交流。这项研究强调了协调关于森林管理的社会经济观点和生态办法的潜力。在与欧盟森林战略2030的一致性和差异的背景下讨论了调查结果，并为加强林业参与性治理和循证政策制定提供了建议。

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引用次数: 0

Strategic foundations in public forestry institutions: Testing resource-based and finance-based logics in the strategy of Poland's State Forests National Forest Holding 公共林业机构的战略基础：测试波兰国家森林国家森林控股战略中的资源基础和财务基础逻辑

IF 3.8 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103671

Szymon Cyfert

Public forestry institutions are increasingly adopting strategic management frameworks, yet empirical research on the strategic rationale guiding these frameworks remains limited, particularly regarding whether financial performance or organisational capacity should be prioritised. This study investigates this tension by analysing the strategy of Poland's State Forests National Forest Holding (PGL LP). Although its official strategy follows the Balanced Scorecard model and is anchored in financial self-sufficiency, the effectiveness of this orientation has not yet been empirically verified.

The objective of this article is to critically examine the PGL LP strategy through the lenses of the Resource-Based View (RBV) and the BalancedScorecard (BSC), with emphasis on the role of the financial perspective in the strategy's architecture and its influence on other operational domains. Drawing on RBV theory and BSC concept, we test two competing models, a finance-based and a resource-based logic, using survey data from 129 forest districts. Results from structural equation modelling show that the resource-based model better explains strategic coherence and adaptive capacity at the operational level. Key enabling factors include intangible assets such as professional expertise, stakeholder trust, and organisational learning.

The findings suggest that in complex public ecosystems, long-term resilience depends less on financial control and more on the development of strategic resources. The study contributes to the literature by demonstrating the diagnostic potential of the BSC in uncovering latent strategic logic. It also offers practical insights for rethinking public forestry strategy around adaptive and intangible capacities rather than financial endpoints.

公共林业机构越来越多地采用战略管理框架，但关于指导这些框架的战略理论的实证研究仍然有限，特别是关于财务绩效或组织能力是否应优先考虑。本研究通过分析波兰国家森林国家森林控股公司（PGL LP）的战略来调查这种紧张关系。尽管其官方战略遵循平衡计分卡模式，并以财政自给自足为基础，但这一方向的有效性尚未得到实证验证。本文的目的是通过基于资源的观点（RBV）和平衡计分卡（BSC）的视角来批判性地审视PGL LP战略，重点是财务视角在战略架构中的作用及其对其他运营领域的影响。本文以129个林区的调查数据为基础，运用RBV理论和平衡计分卡概念，对基于财务和基于资源的两种相互竞争的模型进行了检验。结构方程模型的结果表明，基于资源的模型更好地解释了业务层面的战略一致性和适应能力。关键的促成因素包括无形资产，如专业知识、利益相关者信任和组织学习。研究结果表明，在复杂的公共生态系统中，长期恢复力较少依赖于财务控制，而更多地依赖于战略资源的开发。本研究通过证明平衡记分卡在发现潜在战略逻辑方面的诊断潜力，为文献做出了贡献。它还为围绕适应性和无形能力而不是财务终点重新思考公共林业战略提供了实际见解。

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引用次数: 0

Sequencing the political forest: Power, exclusion, and the corporate hijacking of social forestry in Indonesia 排序的政治森林：权力，排斥，和企业劫持社会森林在印度尼西亚

IF 3.8 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103668

Irfan Saputra, Fatwa Faturachmat, Andi Vika Faradiba Muin, Nurhady Sirimorok, Muhammad Alif K. Sahide

Indonesia's ambitious social forestry (SF) program, designed to empower frontier communities through forest devolution, has paradoxically enabled corporate control in South Sulawesi through processes of “exclusion by inclusion.” Applying the Sequential Power Analysis (SPA)-Exclusion framework, we analyze how power dynamics perpetuate marginalization across three phases. The power background reveals how colonial territorialization, armed conflict, and state-led reforestation disrupted traditional livelihoods, embedding structural dependency. During power delivery, SF proposals were co-opted by market forces, with a corporate-funded Non Govermental-Organization and bureaucrats prioritizing administrative compliance over genuine participation. Post-implementation power adjustment saw elite capture flourish through manipulated profit-sharing and the policing of local community members who tap the pine trees for resin, institutionalizing corporate control via informal clientelism. Drawing on ethnography and policy analysis in two villages, we demonstrate how exclusion evolves while maintaining corporate dominance, from overt regulation and coercion to subtle market manipulation and discursive legitimation. Our findings challenge SF's technocratic assumptions, showing how informal institutions like village-head patronage facilitate exclusion by inclusion, where participatory policies mask persistent corporate control. We argue that without addressing historical power asymmetries, SF risks becoming a vehicle for extraction rather than liberation. The study advances critical political ecology by demonstrating the mutability of exclusion across governance phases through the SPA-Exclusion lens.

印度尼西亚雄心勃勃的社会林业（SF）计划旨在通过森林权力下放赋予边疆社区权力，但矛盾的是，它通过“包容排斥”的过程，使南苏拉威西的企业得以控制。应用顺序功率分析(SPA)-排除框架，我们分析了权力动态如何在三个阶段使边缘化永续化。权力背景揭示了殖民领土化、武装冲突和国家主导的重新造林如何破坏了传统的生计，嵌入了结构性依赖。在电力输送过程中，顺丰的建议被市场力量所吸收，企业资助的非政府组织和官僚优先考虑行政服从，而不是真正的参与。在实施后的权力调整中，通过操纵利润分享和监管从松树中获取树脂的当地社区成员，精英们的攫取得以蓬勃发展，通过非正式的裙带关系将企业控制制度化。通过对两个村庄的民族志和政策分析，我们展示了在保持企业主导地位的同时，排斥是如何演变的，从公开的监管和强制到微妙的市场操纵和话语合法化。我们的研究结果挑战了SF的技术官僚假设，表明村长赞助等非正式机构如何通过包容促进排斥，其中参与性政策掩盖了持久的公司控制。我们认为，如果不解决历史上的权力不对称，科幻小说就有可能成为一种榨取而非解放的工具。该研究通过通过SPA-Exclusion镜头展示了跨治理阶段排斥的可变性，从而推进了关键的政治生态学。

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引用次数: 0

Follow the money: Can REDD+ finance compete with established and emerging land investments in Mai-Ndombe, Democratic Republic of Congo? 关注资金：REDD+融资能否与刚果民主共和国Mai-Ndombe的现有和新兴土地投资竞争？

IF 3.8 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103664

Niak Sian Koh , Niina Pietarinen , Alizée Ville , Félicien Kengoum , Grace Wong , Maria Brockhaus

Climate finance is often considered an avenue of transformational change to address deforestation. However, financial dynamics influencing forests extend beyond climate related initiatives; forest landscapes are subject to a myriad of actors and interests. This paper examines if and how REDD+ finance can lead to transformative decisions in a complex political landscape of competing land uses, interests, and financial flows in Mai-Ndombe, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). We employ a critical global political economy perspective to investigate inequality within global forest governance. We use a telecoupling framing combined with open-source research methods to examine public information and databases on company ownership and structures, to capture flows of finance and commodities. Our study demonstrates that, in Mai- Ndombe, climate finance incentives have limited influence in the presence of dominant interests and investments in extractive activities; particularly when mining, livestock, timber, and carbon concessions overlap, and oil exploration permits are in use by state and private sector actors. REDD+ strategies in the DRC inadvertently reinforce historical inequalities by focusing on local interventions; this overlooks persistent power relations that are visible in discursive practices, financial flows, and incentive structures centering around extractive land uses. The methods and data in this paper provide insights into how finance and investments in both climate change mitigation and industrial land use are driving land-use change and inadvertently reinforcing inequality. We encourage funders, policymakers, and researchers at the intersection of climate and forests to move beyond oversimplified narratives of who is to blame for deforestation, and instead trace the financial flows to examine who actually benefits.

气候融资通常被认为是解决森林砍伐问题的转型变革途径。然而，影响森林的金融动态超出了与气候有关的倡议；森林景观受到无数行动者和利益的影响。本文考察了REDD+融资能否以及如何在刚果民主共和国（DRC）迈恩多姆贝（Mai-Ndombe）土地使用、利益和资金流动相互竞争的复杂政治环境中促成变革性决策。我们采用批判性的全球政治经济学视角来调查全球森林治理中的不平等。我们使用远耦合框架结合开源研究方法来检查有关公司所有权和结构的公共信息和数据库，以捕捉资金和商品的流动。我们的研究表明，在Mai- Ndombe，在采掘活动中存在主导利益和投资的情况下，气候融资激励措施的影响有限；特别是在采矿、畜牧业、木材和碳排放特许权重叠，以及石油勘探许可证由国家和私营部门共同使用的情况下。刚果民主共和国的REDD+战略侧重于地方干预，无意中加剧了历史上的不平等；这忽略了在话语实践、资金流动和围绕采掘土地使用的激励结构中可见的持久的权力关系。本文中的方法和数据提供了关于减缓气候变化和工业用地的融资和投资如何推动土地利用变化并无意中加剧不平等的见解。我们鼓励气候和森林交叉领域的资助者、政策制定者和研究人员不要过于简单地叙述谁应该为森林砍伐负责，而是要追踪资金流动，以检查谁真正受益。

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引用次数: 0

Proposing circular bioeconomy design strategy: A crucial step towards sustaining the wood furniture industry in Indonesia 提出循环生物经济设计策略：印尼木质家具行业可持续发展的关键一步

IF 3.8 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103666

Dhany Yuniati , Dodik Ridho Nurrochmat , Didit Okta Pribadi , Raden Deden Djaenudin , Budi Kuncahyo , Apri Laila Sayekti , Husnul Khotimah , Windi Novia Ratri Wardhani

The furniture industry in Jepara, Indonesia, faces complex sustainability challenges, particularly declining raw material quality, low wood utilization efficiency, and limited waste utilization, which result in decreased added value and reduced industry competitiveness. These challenges are cross-scale, spanning small, medium, and large industries, underscoring the need for a collaborative and adaptive approach. This study proposes a Circular Bioeconomy (CBE)-based transformation strategy tailored to the local characteristics and capacities of each business scale. The CBE approach in this context includes the application of efficient technologies in the sawing process, renewable energy-based drying, and environmentally friendly wood preservation techniques to extend product lifespan. Furthermore, increasing access to timber legality certification, improving waste management, implementing cascading strategies, and strengthening product construction are integral to boosting resource efficiency and industry resilience. The study also highlights the importance of cross-scale joint-solution practices, such as modular design, component standardization, production specialization, and the development of spare parts networks, as foundations for strengthening collaboration and innovation. The findings demonstrate that the CBE strategy not only reduces waste and emissions but also creates new economic opportunities through product diversification, waste utilization, and increased overall production system efficiency. Therefore, this approach provides a crucial foundation for building a more sustainable and competitive furniture industry.

印度尼西亚耶帕拉的家具行业面临着复杂的可持续性挑战，特别是原材料质量下降，木材利用效率低，废物利用有限，导致附加值下降，行业竞争力下降。这些挑战是跨规模的，跨越小型、中型和大型行业，强调需要协作和自适应方法。本文提出了一种基于循环生物经济（CBE）的转型策略，以适应不同商业规模的本地特点和能力。在这种情况下，CBE方法包括在锯切过程中应用高效技术，基于可再生能源的干燥和环保木材保存技术，以延长产品寿命。此外，增加获得木材合法性认证的机会，改善废物管理，实施级联战略，加强产品建设，对于提高资源效率和行业弹性是不可或缺的。该研究还强调了跨规模联合解决方案实践的重要性，如模块化设计、组件标准化、生产专业化和备件网络的发展，这些都是加强协作和创新的基础。研究结果表明，CBE战略不仅减少了废物和排放，而且通过产品多样化、废物利用和提高整体生产系统效率创造了新的经济机会。因此，这种方法为建立更具可持续性和竞争力的家具行业提供了至关重要的基础。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of carbon policies on forest carbon sequestration supply at intensive and extensive margins 碳政策对集约和粗放边际森林固碳供应的影响

IF 3.8 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103665

Xuemin Zhu , Yizhu Long , Han Zhang

Diverging perspectives persist concerning the impacts of carbon policies on forest carbon sequestration and their supply dynamics in China. This study develops a double-margin framework to assess the effect of carbon policies. The Faustmann-Hartman model and the land-use share model are first employed to show the mechanisms by which policies affect forest operators decision-making at the extensive (i.e. changes in forest area) and intensive (i.e. changes in rotation age) margins in each province. We then establish multiple scenarios to simulate the responses of forest operators to carbon policies and the functioning of the forest carbon sequestration supply. We find that policy interventions effectively modulate both intensive and extensive carbon sequestration supply through price mechanisms, generating divergent environmental benefits across policy scenarios. The marginal increase in carbon sequestration declines as the carbon price rises. Furthermore, forest carbon sequestration critically contribute to China's emission mitigation, delivering synergistic ecological and economic co-benefits. In the subsidy scenario, maintaining the standard rotation age facilitates a balance between economic and ecological benefits when the carbon price remains below 276.32 CNY/tCO₂; once the carbon price surpasses the threshold of 506.64 CNY/tCO₂, the harvesting of over-mature forests becomes financially sensible. In the carbon tax scenario, a tax exceeding 115.64 CNY/tCO₂ enhances policy effectiveness. The forest carbon sequestration supply curve exhibits a quadratic pattern, revealing optimal carbon prices of 365.42, 457.19, and 1031.38 CNY/tCO₂ for scenarios 1–3. However, the impact of these prices on promoting carbon neutrality is limited.

关于碳政策对中国森林碳固存及其供给动态的影响，各方观点仍存在分歧。本研究开发了一个双边际框架来评估碳政策的影响。首先利用Faustmann-Hartman模型和土地利用份额模型揭示了政策在各省粗放型（即森林面积变化）和集约型（即轮作年龄变化）边缘影响森林经营者决策的机制。然后，我们建立了多个情景来模拟森林经营者对碳政策的反应和森林碳汇供应的功能。我们发现，政策干预通过价格机制有效调节集约型和广泛型碳固存供应，在不同的政策情景下产生不同的环境效益。碳固存的边际增长随着碳价格的上升而下降。此外，森林碳汇对中国的减排做出了重要贡献，带来了协同的生态和经济效益。在补贴情景下，当碳价保持在276.32元/tCO2以下时，维持标准轮龄有利于经济效益和生态效益的平衡；一旦碳价超过506.64元/吨二氧化碳的阈值，采伐过度成熟的森林在经济上就变得合理了。在碳税场景下，超过115.64元/tCO2的碳税可以提高政策的有效性。森林固碳供给曲线呈二次型分布，在情景1 ~ 3下，最优碳价格分别为365.42、457.19和1031.38 CNY/tCO2。然而，这些价格对促进碳中和的影响是有限的。

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引用次数: 0

Health, safety, security and environment risk mitigation in a community-based reforestation-for‑carbon project 以社区为基础的再造林换碳项目中的健康、安全、安保和环境风险缓解

IF 3.8 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103656

Alexandra A. Catling , Igor Nascimento de Carvalho , John Herbohn , Dennis Peque , Luiz Pereira , Francis E. Putz , Claudia Romero , Grahame Applegate

Reforestation efforts carried out with local communities need to confront health, safety, security, and environment (HSSE) challenges different from those experienced in industrial forestry. Here we describe our collaborative and iterative approach to HSSE development and implementation in a community-based reforestation for carbon project in the Philippines. Community participants recognised many HSSE risks related to tree seedling production, planting, and plantation maintenance and monitoring, but previously lacked resources to mitigate them. Investments in HSSE (i.e., training, safety equipment, and staff health insurance) were substantial, amounting to 3.14 % of Project expenditures in the Philippines. Over a three-year period, 33 % of reported health-and-safety incidents were related to illness and 31 % to vehicular accidents or near-misses, most of which (92/95) were reported by staff members not community workers. Difficulties in changing cultural and behavioral norms substantially impeded development of a safety culture with shared understanding of HSSE responsibilities. Engagement of contractors with different HSSE policies to those of the Project also resulted in inconsistencies in practices. Fundamental lessons continued to be learned about safe reforestation, but further research is needed on how to improve safety culture in community-based reforestation. Recognising HSSE responsibilities should be explicitly acknowledged as part of carbon market requirements for issuance of carbon credits from community-based reforestation.

与当地社区一起开展的再造林工作需要面对与工业林业不同的健康、安全、安保和环境挑战。在这里，我们描述了我们在菲律宾以社区为基础的碳再造林项目中开发和实施HSSE的协作和迭代方法。社区参与者认识到许多与树苗生产、种植、种植园维护和监测有关的HSSE风险，但以前缺乏减轻这些风险的资源。对健康安全服务（即培训、安全设备和工作人员健康保险）的投资数额巨大，占菲律宾项目支出的3.14%。在三年期间，报告的健康和安全事件中有33%与疾病有关，31%与车辆事故或未遂事故有关，其中大多数（92/95）是由工作人员而不是社区工作人员报告的。改变文化和行为规范的困难极大地阻碍了对HSSE责任有共同理解的安全文化的发展。与工程项目采用不同HSSE政策的承建商，亦造成实务上的不一致。关于安全再造林的基本教训仍在继续，但需要进一步研究如何改善社区再造林的安全文化。在发放基于社区的再造林碳信用额度时，应明确承认HSSE的责任是碳市场要求的一部分。

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引用次数: 0