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Effect of Fiber Characteristics on the Structure and Properties of Quartz Fiber Felt Reinforced Silica-Polybenzoxazine Aerogel Composites. 纤维特性对石英纤维毡增强二氧化硅-聚苯并恶嗪气凝胶复合材料结构和性能的影响
IF 5 3区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.3390/gels10100613
Lanfang Liu, Liangjun Li, Yijie Hu, Junzong Feng, Yonggang Jiang, Jian Feng

Fiber-reinforced aerogel composites are widely used for thermal protection. The properties of the fibers play a critical role in determining the structure and properties of the final aerogel composite. However, the effects of the fiber's characteristics on the structure and properties of the aerogel composite have rarely been studied. Herein, we prepared quartz fiber felt-reinforced silica-polybenzoxazine aerogel composite (QF/PBSAs) with different fiber diameters using a simple copolymerization process with the ambient pressure drying method. The reasons for the effects of fiber diameter on the structure and properties of the aerogel composites were investigated. The results showed that the pore structure of the aerogel composites was affected by the fiber diameter, which led to significant changes in the mechanical behavior and thermal insulation performance. At room temperature, pore structure and density were found to be the main factors influencing the thermal conductivity of the composites. At elevated temperatures, the radiative thermal conductivity (λr) plays a dominant role, and reducing the fiber diameter suppressed λr, thus decreasing the thermal conductivity. When the QF/PBSAs were exposed to a 1200 °C butane flame, the PBS aerogel was pyrolyzed, and the pyrolysis gas carried away a large amount of heat and formed a thermal barrier in the interfacial layer, at which time λr and the pyrolysis of the PBS aerogel jointly determined the backside temperature of the composites. The results of this study can provide valuable guidance for the application of polybenzoxazine aerogel composites in the field of thermal protection.

纤维增强气凝胶复合材料被广泛用于热防护。纤维的特性对最终气凝胶复合材料的结构和性能起着至关重要的作用。然而,纤维特性对气凝胶复合材料结构和性能的影响却鲜有研究。在此,我们采用简单的共聚工艺和常压干燥法制备了不同纤维直径的石英纤维毡增强二氧化硅-聚苯并噁嗪气凝胶复合材料(QF/PBSAs)。研究了纤维直径对气凝胶复合材料结构和性能影响的原因。结果表明,气凝胶复合材料的孔隙结构受到纤维直径的影响,导致其力学性能和隔热性能发生显著变化。室温下,孔隙结构和密度是影响复合材料热导率的主要因素。在高温条件下,辐射导热系数(λr)起主导作用,减小纤维直径会抑制λr,从而降低导热系数。当 QF/PBSAs 暴露在 1200 °C 丁烷火焰中时,PBS 气凝胶发生热解,热解气体带走大量热量并在界面层中形成热障,此时λr 和 PBS 气凝胶的热解共同决定了复合材料的背面温度。本研究的结果可为聚苯并恶嗪气凝胶复合材料在热防护领域的应用提供有价值的指导。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Silk Fibroin on the Mechanical and Transport Properties of Agarose Hydrogels. 蚕丝纤维素对琼脂糖水凝胶机械和传输特性的影响
IF 5 3区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.3390/gels10100611
Veronika Richterová, Miloslav Pekař

In this work, the effect of incorporating silk fibroin, a fibrous biocompatible protein, into physically cross-linked agarose hydrogels was investigated as a simple model study to examine how supramolecular fibrous structures influence the properties of the hydrogels. The rheological and transport properties were studied. Fibroin did not change the general viscoelastic properties of the investigated hydrogels but changed the viscoelastic moduli values and also the mesh size, as calculated from rheometry data. Fibroin influenced the mechanical properties depending on its concentration: at lower concentrations, it increased the mesh size, while at higher concentrations, it acted as a filler, decreasing the mesh size. Similarly, the storage and loss moduli were affected, either increasing or decreasing based on the fibroin concentration. The fibroin effect on the diffusion of two dyes differing in their charge was the result of a combination of structural effects, responsible also for changes in the rheological properties, and a result of electrostatic interactions between the charged groups. For positively charged methylene blue, low fibroin concentrations accelerated diffusion, while higher concentrations slowed it by filling network vacancies. In contrast, for negatively charged eosin-B, fibroin strongly impeded diffusion at all concentrations due to electrostatic repulsion, leading to its accumulation at the hydrogel interface. The findings of this work may contribute to an understanding of the behavior of the extracellular matrix or soft tissues as well as to the development of the tailored design of hydrogel materials.

在这项工作中,研究人员将蚕丝纤维素(一种纤维状生物相容性蛋白质)加入物理交联琼脂糖水凝胶中,作为一个简单的模型研究,探讨了超分子纤维结构如何影响水凝胶的特性。研究了流变和传输特性。纤维素没有改变所研究的水凝胶的一般粘弹性能,但改变了粘弹性模量值以及根据流变学数据计算出的网眼尺寸。纤维素对机械特性的影响取决于其浓度:浓度较低时,网眼尺寸增大;浓度较高时,纤维素起填充作用,网眼尺寸减小。同样,存储模量和损耗模量也受到影响,根据纤维素浓度的不同或增大或减小。纤维素对电荷不同的两种染料的扩散作用是结构效应和带电基团之间的静电相互作用共同作用的结果,结构效应也是流变特性变化的原因。对于带正电荷的亚甲基蓝,低浓度的纤维素会加速扩散,而高浓度的纤维素则会填补网络空缺,从而减缓扩散速度。相反,对于带负电荷的伊红-B,由于静电排斥作用,纤维素在所有浓度下都会强烈阻碍其扩散,导致其在水凝胶界面聚集。这项工作的发现可能有助于理解细胞外基质或软组织的行为,并有助于开发水凝胶材料的定制设计。
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引用次数: 0
Factors Influencing Elderly Consumers' Preferences for Edible Gels: Insights from Slovakia. 影响老年消费者对食用凝胶偏好的因素:来自斯洛伐克的启示
IF 5 3区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.3390/gels10100610
Melina Korčok, Miroslav Veverka, Kristina Nakonechna, Simona Škrípová, Vladimir Vietoris

As dietary needs shift with the growing and aging population, there is a demand for food products that meet nutritional, safety, and tribological requirements while being cost-effective. Seniors must be given significant consideration in new product development. This study examines consumer preferences for arabinogalactan (AG) and beta-glucan (BG) hydrogels with vanilla and coffee-biscuit flavors, using consumer tests (N = 80) and an online survey (N = 852). It focuses on the gels' physical properties, such as texture and viscosity, and their impact on sensory perception. The use of two different gel-forming polysaccharides, each with a unique sensory profile, was observed to affect the sensory properties of the resulting gels and subsequently influence product acceptance. This study analyzed preferences across three age groups: young (18-39 years), middle-aged (40-59 years), and older adults (60+ years). The results showed that seniors preferred AG-based gels. Significant attributes such as the intensity of flavor and bitter taste influenced the overall liking of the gels. Texture also notably impacted preferences. The survey findings revealed statistically significant (p < 0.05) differences in preferences between older adults and younger age groups. Tailoring product development and marketing strategies based on age and sensory preferences could enhance consumer acceptance of edible gels.

随着人口的增长和老龄化,饮食需求也在发生变化,因此需要既能满足营养、安全和摩擦学要求,又具有成本效益的食品。在新产品开发过程中,必须对老年人给予高度重视。本研究通过消费者测试(80 人)和在线调查(852 人),研究了消费者对具有香草和咖啡饼干口味的阿拉伯半乳聚糖(AG)和β-葡聚糖(BG)水凝胶的偏好。研究重点是凝胶的物理特性(如质地和粘度)及其对感官的影响。据观察,使用两种不同的凝胶形成多糖(每种多糖都有独特的感官特征)会影响凝胶的感官特性,进而影响产品的接受度。这项研究分析了三个年龄组的偏好:年轻人(18-39 岁)、中年人(40-59 岁)和老年人(60 岁以上)。结果显示,老年人更喜欢 AG 类凝胶。味道的浓淡和苦味等重要属性影响了对凝胶的总体喜好程度。质地对喜好也有显著影响。调查结果显示,老年人和年轻群体在偏好方面存在显著的统计学差异(p < 0.05)。根据年龄和感官偏好来定制产品开发和营销策略,可以提高消费者对食用凝胶的接受度。
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引用次数: 0
Correction: Bermudez-Lekerika et al. Sulfated Hydrogels as Primary Intervertebral Disc Cell Culture Systems. Gels 2024, 10, 330. 更正:Bermudez-Lekerika 等人.硫酸化水凝胶作为初级椎间盘细胞培养系统.Gels 2024, 10, 330.
IF 5 3区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.3390/gels10100612
Paola Bermudez-Lekerika, Katherine B Crump, Karin Wuertz-Kozak, Christine L Le Maitre, Benjamin Gantenbein

In the original publication [...].

在最初的出版物中 [......] 。
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引用次数: 0
Antibacterial Properties of Grape Seed Extract-Enriched Cellulose Hydrogels for Potential Dental Application: In Vitro Assay, Cytocompatibility, and Biocompatibility. 富含葡萄籽提取物的纤维素水凝胶在牙科应用中的抗菌特性:体外试验、细胞相容性和生物相容性。
IF 5 3区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.3390/gels10090606
Karla Lizette Tovar-Carrillo, Lizett Trujillo-Morales, Juan Carlos Cuevas-González, Judith Virginia Ríos-Arana, León Francisco Espinosa-Cristobal, Erasto Armando Zaragoza-Contreras

Hydrogels elaborated from Dasylirion spp. and enriched with grape seed extract (GSE) were investigated for tentative use in dental treatment. Cellulose-GSE hydrogels were elaborated with varying GSE contents from 10 to 50 wt%. The mechanical and physical properties, antimicrobial effect, biocompatibility, and in vitro cytotoxicity were studied. In all the cases, the presence of GSE affects the hydrogel's mechanical properties. The elongation decreased from 12.67 mm for the hydrogel without GSE to 6.33 mm for the hydrogel with the highest GSE content. The tensile strength decrease was from 52.33 N/mm2 (for the samples without GSE) and went to 40 N/mm2 for the highest GSE content. Despite the adverse effects, hydrogels possess suitable properties for manipulation. In addition, all hydrogels exhibited excellent biocompatibility and no cytotoxicity, and the antibacterial performance was demonstrated against S. mutans, E. Faecalis, S. aureus, and P. aureginosa. Furthermore, the hydrogels with 30 wt% GSE inhibited more than 90% of the bacterial growth.

研究人员对从 Dasylirion 属植物中提取并富含葡萄籽提取物(GSE)的水凝胶进行了研究,以尝试将其用于牙科治疗。纤维素-GSE 水凝胶的 GSE 含量从 10% 到 50% 不等。对其机械和物理特性、抗菌效果、生物相容性和体外细胞毒性进行了研究。在所有情况下,GSE 的存在都会影响水凝胶的机械性能。不含 GSE 的水凝胶的伸长率从 12.67 毫米下降到 GSE 含量最高的水凝胶的 6.33 毫米。拉伸强度从 52.33 牛顿/平方毫米(不含 GSE 的样品)下降到 GSE 含量最高的 40 牛顿/平方毫米。尽管有这些不利影响,水凝胶仍具有适合操作的特性。此外,所有水凝胶都具有良好的生物相容性,没有细胞毒性,而且对变异葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌具有抗菌性能。此外,含有 30 wt% GSE 的水凝胶抑制了 90% 以上的细菌生长。
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引用次数: 0
Composite Polysaccharide Hydrogel Loaded with Scutellaria baicalensis Extract for Diabetic Wound Treatment. 含黄芩提取物的复合多糖水凝胶用于糖尿病伤口治疗
IF 5 3区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.3390/gels10090605
Yumeng Zhu, Fangyan Li, Shuo Wang, Hongmei Shi, Minqian Zhao, Shaohong You, Sibo Su, Gang Cheng

Diabetic wounds present significant burdens to both patients and the healthcare system due to their prolonged inflammatory phase and adverse microenvironment. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), particularly Scutellaria baicalensis extract (SE), has shown promise in wound healing. Herein, sesbania gum (SG) was oxidized and formed hydrogel with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) through the imine bond. Then, SE was loaded into the hydrogel as a wound dressing (CMCS-OSG@SE hydrogel). In vitro experiments demonstrated the mechanical properties and ROS scavenging efficiency of the hydrogel, as well as the release of SE and its biocompatibility. In an vivo study, diabetic mice with S. aureus infection were used, and the CMCS--OSG@SE hydrogel dressing accelerated wound healing by promoting epidermal regeneration and collagen deposition. This composite polysaccharide hydrogel loaded with SE shows great potential for diabetic wound treatment.

糖尿病伤口由于炎症期延长和不利的微环境,给患者和医疗系统带来了沉重负担。传统中药,尤其是黄芩提取物(SE),在伤口愈合方面显示出良好的前景。在此,芝麻胶(SG)被氧化并通过亚胺键与羧甲基壳聚糖(CMCS)形成水凝胶。然后,将 SE 添加到水凝胶中作为伤口敷料(CMCS-OSG@SE 水凝胶)。体外实验证明了水凝胶的机械性能和清除 ROS 的效率,以及 SE 的释放和生物相容性。在一项体内研究中,使用了感染金黄色葡萄球菌的糖尿病小鼠,CMCS--OSG@SE水凝胶敷料通过促进表皮再生和胶原沉积,加速了伤口愈合。这种负载 SE 的复合多糖水凝胶在糖尿病伤口治疗方面显示出巨大的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Development of Glycerosomal pH Triggered In Situ Gelling System to Ameliorate the Nasal Delivery of Sulpiride for Pediatric Psychosis. 开发甘油小体pH触发原位胶凝系统,改善舒必利鼻腔给药治疗小儿精神病的效果。
IF 5 3区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.3390/gels10090608
Mona M Shahien, Alia Alshammari, Somaia Ibrahim, Enas Haridy Ahmed, Hanan Abdelmawgoud Atia, Hemat A Elariny, Marwa H Abdallah

Sulpiride (Sul) is a medication that blocks dopamine D2 receptors. It is used to treat gastrointestinal disturbances and has antipsychotic effects depending on the dose given. Sulpiride is subject to P-glycoprotein efflux, resulting in limited bioavailability and erratic absorption. Hence, the aim of this study was to generate a glycerosomal in situ gel of sulpiride for intranasal administration, specifically targeting children with schizophrenia who may have difficulty swallowing traditional solid medications, for enhancing its bioavailability. This study aimed to demonstrate the efficacy of intranasal administration of glycerin-encapsulated lipid-nanovesicles (glycerosomes) mixed with in situ gels for prolonged release of anti-psychotic medication. A Box-Behnken design was utilized to create sulpiride-loaded glycerosomes (Sul-GMs), with the lipid amount (A), glycerin concentration (B), and sonication time (C) acting as independent variables. Their impact on the entrapment efficiency, EE% (Y1), and in vitro drug release (Y2) were evaluated. The sulpiride EE% showed an increase when the glycerin concentration was raised to 25% v/v. Nevertheless, when the glycerin concentration was raised to 40% v/v, there was a notable decrease in the EE%. The optimized glycerosome was added to pH triggered carbopol 974P in situ gel formulations including HPMC K15M with different concentrations. The in situ gel formulation (G3) comprising 0.6% carbopol 974P and 0.6% hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose-K15M (HPMC K15M) demonstrated suitable pH, viscosity, desired gel strength, spreadability, and mucoadhesive strength. Consequently, it was selected for in vitro study, ex vivo permeation investigation, and in vivo evaluations. The glycerosomal in situ gel exhibited favorable ex vivo permeability of SU when applied to the nasal mucosa. The pharmacokinetic investigation revealed that the optimized Sul-loaded glycerosomal in situ gel exhibited a significant fourfold and twofold enhancement in systemic bioavailability compared to both the control gel and the commercially available formulation. Finally, the intranasal administration of Sul-loaded glycerosomal in situ gel is a promising alternative to oral treatment for pediatric patients with psychosis.

舒必利(Sulpiride)是一种阻断多巴胺 D2 受体的药物。它用于治疗胃肠功能紊乱,并根据给药剂量产生抗精神病作用。舒必利受 P 糖蛋白外流的影响,导致生物利用度有限和吸收不稳定。因此,本研究的目的是生成一种舒必利的甘油原位凝胶,用于鼻内给药,专门针对吞咽传统固体药物有困难的精神分裂症儿童,以提高其生物利用度。本研究旨在证明甘油包裹的脂质纳米囊(甘油小体)与原位凝胶混合后鼻内给药对延长抗精神病药物释放的疗效。研究人员采用方框-贝肯(Box-Behnken)设计创建了舒必利甘油囊(Sul-GMs),其中脂质量(A)、甘油浓度(B)和超声时间(C)为自变量。评估了它们对药物包埋效率、EE%(Y1)和体外药物释放(Y2)的影响。当甘油浓度提高到 25% v/v 时,舒必利的 EE% 有所提高。然而,当甘油浓度提高到 40% v/v 时,EE% 明显下降。将优化的甘油囊添加到 pH 触发的 carbopol 974P 原位凝胶配方(包括不同浓度的 HPMC K15M)中。由 0.6% carbopol 974P 和 0.6% 羟丙基甲基纤维素-K15M(HPMC K15M)组成的原位凝胶配方(G3)显示出合适的 pH 值、粘度、理想的凝胶强度、铺展性和粘附力。因此,该产品被选中用于体外研究、体内外渗透调查和体内评估。甘油小体原位凝胶应用于鼻粘膜时,显示出良好的 SU 体外渗透性。药代动力学研究表明,与对照凝胶和市售制剂相比,优化后的舒利迭甘油体原位凝胶的全身生物利用度分别显著提高了四倍和两倍。最后,对于儿科精神病患者来说,鼻内给药舒利加载的甘油小体原位凝胶是一种很有前景的口服治疗替代品。
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引用次数: 0
Polyion Hydrogels of Polymeric and Nanofibrous Carboxymethyl Cellulose and Chitosan: Mechanical Characteristics and Potential Use in Environmental Remediation. 聚合物和纳米纤维状羧甲基纤维素与壳聚糖的聚离子水凝胶:机械特性及在环境修复中的潜在用途。
IF 5 3区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.3390/gels10090604
Taisei Kawate, Yehao Wang, Kayee Chan, Nobuyuki Shibata, Yuya Doi, Yuichi Masubuchi, Anatoly Zinchenko

Recently, cellulose and other biomass nanofibers (NFs) have been increasingly utilized in the design of sustainable materials for environmental, biomedical, and other applications. However, the past literature lacks a comparison of the macromolecular and nanofibrous states of biopolymers in various materials, and the advantages and limitations of using nanofibers (NF) instead of conventional polymers are poorly understood. To address this question, hydrogels based on interpolyelectrolyte complexes (IPECs) between carboxymethyl cellulose nanofibers (CMCNFs) and chitosan (CS) were prepared by ele+ctrostatic cross-linking and compared with the hydrogels of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and CS biopolymers. The presence of the rigid CMCNF altered the mechanism of the IPEC assembly and drastically affected the structure of IPEC hydrogels. The swelling ratios of CMCNF-CS hydrogels of ca. 40% were notably lower than the ca. 100-300% swelling of CMC-CS hydrogels. The rheological measurements revealed a higher storage modulus (G') of the CMCNF-CS hydrogel, reaching 13.3 kPa compared to only 3.5 kPa measured for the CMC-CS hydrogel. Further comparison of the adsorption characteristics of the CMCNF-CS and CMC-CS hydrogels toward Cu2+, Cd2+, and Hg2+ ions showed the slightly higher adsorption capacity of CMC-CS for Cu2+ but similar adsorption capacities for Cd2+ and Hg2+. The adsorption kinetics obeyed the pseudo-second-order adsorption model in both cases. Overall, while the replacement of CMC with CMCNF in hydrogel does not significantly affect the performance of such systems as adsorbents, CMCNF imparts IPEC hydrogel with higher stiffness and a frequency-independent loss (G″) modulus and suppresses the hydrogel swelling, so can be beneficial in practical applications that require stable performance under various dynamic conditions.

近来,纤维素和其他生物质纳米纤维(NF)越来越多地被用于设计环境、生物医学和其他应用领域的可持续材料。然而,过去的文献缺乏对各种材料中生物聚合物的大分子和纳米纤维状态的比较,人们对使用纳米纤维(NF)替代传统聚合物的优势和局限性也知之甚少。为了解决这个问题,研究人员通过静电交联法制备了基于羧甲基纤维素纳米纤维(CMCNFs)和壳聚糖(CS)间电解质复合物(IPECs)的水凝胶,并与羧甲基纤维素(CMC)和壳聚糖生物聚合物的水凝胶进行了比较。刚性 CMCNF 的存在改变了 IPEC 的组装机制,并极大地影响了 IPEC 水凝胶的结构。CMCNF-CS水凝胶的溶胀率约为40%,明显低于CMCNF-CS水凝胶约100-300%的溶胀率。CMCNF-CS水凝胶 100%-300% 的溶胀率。流变测量显示,CMCNF-CS 水凝胶的储存模量(G')更高,达到 13.3 千帕,而 CMC-CS 水凝胶的储存模量仅为 3.5 千帕。进一步比较 CMCNF-CS 和 CMC-CS 水凝胶对 Cu2+、Cd2+ 和 Hg2+ 离子的吸附特性发现,CMC-CS 对 Cu2+ 的吸附能力略高,但对 Cd2+ 和 Hg2+ 的吸附能力相近。在这两种情况下,吸附动力学都符合伪二阶吸附模型。总之,虽然在水凝胶中用 CMCNF 替代 CMC 不会显著影响此类系统作为吸附剂的性能,但 CMCNF 使 IPEC 水凝胶具有更高的刚度和与频率无关的损耗(G″)模量,并抑制了水凝胶的膨胀,因此有利于在各种动态条件下要求性能稳定的实际应用。
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引用次数: 0
Cellulose Fiber with Enhanced Mechanical Properties: The Role of Co-Solvents in Gel-like NMMO System. 具有增强机械性能的纤维素纤维:凝胶状 NMMO 系统中助溶剂的作用。
IF 5 3区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.3390/gels10090607
Suhnue Kim, Darae Lee, Hyungsup Kim

Cellulose has garnered attention in the textile industry, but it exhibits limitations in applications that require high strength and modulus. In this study, regenerated cellulose fiber with enhanced mechanical properties was fabricated from a gel-like N-methylmorpholine N-oxide (NMMO)-cellulose solution by modulating the intermolecular interaction and conformation of the cellulose chains. To control the interaction, two types of co-solvents (dimethyl acetamide (DMAc) and dimethyl formamide (DMF)) were added to the cellulose solutions at varying concentrations (10, 20, and 30 wt%). Rheological analysis showed that the co-solvents reduced the solution viscosity by weakening intermolecular interactions. The calculated distance parameter (Ra) in Hansen space confirmed that the co-solvent disrupted intermolecular hydrogen bonding within cellulose chains. The solutions were spun into fiber via a simple wet spinning process and were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and universal testing machine (UTM). The addition of co-solvent led to an increased crystallinity index (C.I.) owing to the extended cellulose chains. The modulus of the resulting fiber was increased when the co-solvent concentration was 10 wt%, regardless of the co-solvent type. This study demonstrates the potential for enhancing the mechanical properties of cellulose-based products by modulating the conformation and interaction of cellulose chains through the addition of co-solvent.

纤维素在纺织工业中备受关注,但在需要高强度和高模量的应用中却表现出局限性。在这项研究中,通过调节纤维素链的分子间相互作用和构象,利用凝胶状 N-甲基吗啉 N-氧化物(NMMO)-纤维素溶液制造出了机械性能更强的再生纤维素纤维。为了控制相互作用,在纤维素溶液中加入了两种不同浓度(10、20 和 30 wt%)的助溶剂(二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)和二甲基甲酰胺(DMF))。流变分析表明,助溶剂削弱了分子间的相互作用,从而降低了溶液粘度。汉森空间计算的距离参数(Ra)证实,助溶剂破坏了纤维素链中的分子间氢键。通过简单的湿法纺丝工艺将溶液纺成纤维,并通过 X 射线衍射(XRD)和万能试验机(UTM)进行表征。由于纤维素链的延长,共溶剂的加入导致结晶度指数(C.I.)增加。当助溶剂浓度为 10 wt% 时,无论助溶剂类型如何,纤维的模量都会增加。这项研究表明,通过添加助溶剂调节纤维素链的构象和相互作用,有可能提高纤维素基产品的机械性能。
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引用次数: 0
Poly(acrylic acid)-Sodium Alginate Superabsorbent Hydrogels Synthesized by Electron-Beam Irradiation-Part II: Swelling Kinetics and Absorption Behavior in Various Swelling Media. 利用电子束辐照合成的聚丙烯酸-海藻酸钠超吸收水凝胶--第二部分:各种膨胀介质中的膨胀动力学和吸收行为。
IF 5 3区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.3390/gels10090609
Elena Manaila, Gabriela Craciun

Hybrid hydrogels with superabsorbent properties based on acrylic acid (20%), sodium alginate (0.5%) and poly(ethylene oxide) (0.1%) were obtained by electron-beam irradiation between 5 and 20 kGy, and are characterized by different physical and chemical methods; the first results reported showed gel fractions over 87%, cross-link densities under 9.9 × 103 mol/cm3 and swelling degrees of 400 g/g. Two types of hydrogels (without and with 0.1% initiator potassium persulfate) have been subjected to swelling and deswelling experiments in different swelling media with different pHs, chosen in accordance with the purpose for which these superabsorbent materials were obtained, i.e., water and nutrients carriers for agricultural purposes: 6.05 (distilled water), 7.66 (tap water), 5.40 (synthetic nutrient solution) and 7.45 (organic nutrient solution). Swelling kinetics and swelling dynamics have been also studied in order to investigate the influence of swelling media type and pH on the absorption phenomenon. The swelling and deswelling behaviors were influenced by the hydrogel characteristics and pH of the swelling media. Both the polymeric chain relaxation (non-Fickian diffusion) and macromolecular relaxation (super case II) phenomenon were highlighted as a function of swelling media type.

通过 5 至 20 kGy 的电子束辐照,获得了以丙烯酸(20%)、海藻酸钠(0.5%)和聚环氧乙烷(0.1%)为基础的具有超吸水性能的混合水凝胶,并通过不同的物理和化学方法对其进行了表征;首次报告的结果显示凝胶分数超过 87%,交联密度低于 9.9 × 103 mol/cm3,膨胀度达到 400 g/g。两种水凝胶(不含引发剂过硫酸钾和含 0.1%引发剂过硫酸钾)在不同 pH 值的溶胀介质中进行了溶胀和脱水实验:6.05(蒸馏水)、7.66(自来水)、5.40(合成营养液)和 7.45(有机营养液)。为了研究溶胀介质类型和 pH 值对吸收现象的影响,还对溶胀动力学和溶胀动态进行了研究。水凝胶的特性和溶胀介质的 pH 值影响了其溶胀和消肿行为。高分子链松弛(非费克扩散)和大分子松弛(超情况 II)现象都是溶胀介质类型的函数。
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