首页 > 最新文献

Gels最新文献

英文 中文
Development of Environmentally Friendly and Economical Flood-Prevention Stones Based on the Sediments of the Yellow River. 基于黄河泥沙开发环保经济型防洪石。
IF 5 3区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.3390/gels10100622
Ying Liu, Hao Xiao, Yongxiang Jia, Yajun Lv, Li Dai, Chen Yang

The deposition of Yellow River sediment in the middle and lower reaches is a significant factor in the siltation of reservoirs and the occurrence of serious flooding along the river. The efficient and valuable utilization of Yellow River sediment has already become a key research topic in this field. In this study, we have employed Yellow River sediment as the primary material, in conjunction with commercially available slag, fly ash, and quicklime as the binder, to develop a novel type of artificial flood-prevention stone. Following a 28-day standard curing procedure, the highest compressive strength of the prepared artificial stone was recorded at 4.29 MPa, with a value exceeding 0.7 MPa under wet conditions. The results demonstrated that the prepared artificial stone met the specifications for artificial flood-prevention stones. The curing mechanism, as evidenced by analyses from SEM and XRD testing, indicated that the alkali excitation process in the binder, which produced C-A-S-H gel, was the key factor in enhancing the compressive strength of the specimens. Notably, an evaluation of the amount of CO2 emissions and the cost of the artificial stone concluded that the preparation process was both environmentally friendly and cost-effective.

黄河泥沙在中下游的沉积是造成水库淤积和沿河发生严重洪涝灾害的重要因素。如何高效、有价值地利用黄河泥沙已成为该领域的重点研究课题。在这项研究中,我们以黄河泥沙为主要材料,结合市售的矿渣、粉煤灰和生石灰为粘合剂,开发了一种新型的人工防洪石。经过 28 天的标准固化程序,所制备的人造石材的最高抗压强度达到 4.29 兆帕,在潮湿条件下的抗压强度值超过 0.7 兆帕。结果表明,制备的人造石符合人造防洪石的规格要求。扫描电镜和 XRD 测试分析表明,固化机理表明,粘结剂中的碱激发过程产生了 C-A-S-H 凝胶,是提高试样抗压强度的关键因素。值得注意的是,对人造石的二氧化碳排放量和成本进行评估后得出结论,制备过程既环保又具有成本效益。
{"title":"Development of Environmentally Friendly and Economical Flood-Prevention Stones Based on the Sediments of the Yellow River.","authors":"Ying Liu, Hao Xiao, Yongxiang Jia, Yajun Lv, Li Dai, Chen Yang","doi":"10.3390/gels10100622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10100622","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The deposition of Yellow River sediment in the middle and lower reaches is a significant factor in the siltation of reservoirs and the occurrence of serious flooding along the river. The efficient and valuable utilization of Yellow River sediment has already become a key research topic in this field. In this study, we have employed Yellow River sediment as the primary material, in conjunction with commercially available slag, fly ash, and quicklime as the binder, to develop a novel type of artificial flood-prevention stone. Following a 28-day standard curing procedure, the highest compressive strength of the prepared artificial stone was recorded at 4.29 MPa, with a value exceeding 0.7 MPa under wet conditions. The results demonstrated that the prepared artificial stone met the specifications for artificial flood-prevention stones. The curing mechanism, as evidenced by analyses from SEM and XRD testing, indicated that the alkali excitation process in the binder, which produced C-A-S-H gel, was the key factor in enhancing the compressive strength of the specimens. Notably, an evaluation of the amount of CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and the cost of the artificial stone concluded that the preparation process was both environmentally friendly and cost-effective.</p>","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11507024/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142498396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hydration and Hardening Properties of High Fly-Ash Content Gel Material for Cemented Paste Backfill Utilization. 用于水泥浆回填的高粉煤灰含量凝胶材料的水化和硬化性能。
IF 5 3区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.3390/gels10100623
Bolin Xiao, Jiandong Wang, Aixiang Wu, Ruiming Guo

As more and more mines utilize the cemented paste backfill (CPB) mining method, the demand for reducing backfill cost and carbon footprint is increasing and becoming more critical. In this work, a new backfill gel binder made with 40 wt.% of low-quality Class F fly ash (FCM) is proposed to replace ordinary Portland cement (OPC). The binder hydration and gel hardening properties were experimentally investigated through X-ray diffraction, Mercury intrusion porosimetry, uniaxial compression, and thermogravimetric analysis. Three different mine tailings were used to verify the FCM's applicability. Results show that the strength performance of FCM-CPB is 72% of that of OPC-CPB, while FCM production cost is almost less than half of OPC. The hydration process of the FCM-CPB can be divided into five stages, and the main hydration products are ettringite and gel-like hydrates. The 31.2% porosity of FCM-CPB at 28-day curing is higher than that of 7-day curing, while the average pore size is lower, and the structure is denser. The FCM can meet the strength requirement of three different mine tailings regarding different subsequent filling and cut-and-fill mining methods. The proposed FCM provides a feasible alternative with economic and environmental benefits.

随着越来越多的矿山采用水泥浆回填(CPB)采矿法,降低回填成本和碳足迹的需求日益增加,而且变得越来越重要。在这项工作中,提出了一种用 40 wt.% 的劣质 F 级粉煤灰(FCM)制成的新型回填凝胶粘结剂,以取代普通硅酸盐水泥(OPC)。通过 X 射线衍射、水银渗入孔隙测定法、单轴压缩和热重分析,对粘结剂的水化和凝胶硬化性能进行了实验研究。使用了三种不同的矿山尾矿来验证 FCM 的适用性。结果表明,FCM-CPB 的强度性能是 OPC-CPB 的 72%,而 FCM 的生产成本几乎不到 OPC 的一半。FCM-CPB 的水化过程可分为五个阶段,主要的水化产物是埃特林岩和凝胶状水合物。28 天固化时,FCM-CPB 的孔隙率为 31.2%,高于 7 天固化时的孔隙率,但平均孔径更小,结构更致密。FCM 可满足三种不同矿山尾矿对不同后续充填和切填采矿方法的强度要求。拟议的 FCM 提供了一种具有经济和环境效益的可行替代方案。
{"title":"Hydration and Hardening Properties of High Fly-Ash Content Gel Material for Cemented Paste Backfill Utilization.","authors":"Bolin Xiao, Jiandong Wang, Aixiang Wu, Ruiming Guo","doi":"10.3390/gels10100623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10100623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As more and more mines utilize the cemented paste backfill (CPB) mining method, the demand for reducing backfill cost and carbon footprint is increasing and becoming more critical. In this work, a new backfill gel binder made with 40 wt.% of low-quality Class F fly ash (FCM) is proposed to replace ordinary Portland cement (OPC). The binder hydration and gel hardening properties were experimentally investigated through X-ray diffraction, Mercury intrusion porosimetry, uniaxial compression, and thermogravimetric analysis. Three different mine tailings were used to verify the FCM's applicability. Results show that the strength performance of FCM-CPB is 72% of that of OPC-CPB, while FCM production cost is almost less than half of OPC. The hydration process of the FCM-CPB can be divided into five stages, and the main hydration products are ettringite and gel-like hydrates. The 31.2% porosity of FCM-CPB at 28-day curing is higher than that of 7-day curing, while the average pore size is lower, and the structure is denser. The FCM can meet the strength requirement of three different mine tailings regarding different subsequent filling and cut-and-fill mining methods. The proposed FCM provides a feasible alternative with economic and environmental benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11507924/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142498428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Paintable Small-Molecule Hydrogel with Antimicrobial and ROS Scavenging Activities for Burn Wound Healing. 具有抗菌和清除 ROS 活性的可涂抹小分子水凝胶,用于烧伤伤口愈合。
IF 5 3区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.3390/gels10100621
Qingchun Ji, Kehan Chen, Han Yi, Bingfang He, Tianyue Jiang

Delayed wound healing induced by bacterial infection and a persistent inflammatory response remains a great clinical challenge. Herein, we reported a paintable, anti-bacterial, and anti-inflammatory Nap-F3K-CA (Nap-Phe-Phe-Phe-Lys-Caffeic Acid) hydrogel for burn wound management based on caffeic acid (CA)-functionalized short peptides (Nap-Phe-Phe-Phe-Lys). Hydrogels are assembled by non-covalent interactions between gelators, and the incorporation of CA promotes the self-assembly of the hydrogel. After being applied to burn wounds, the hydrogel effectively adapted to irregular wound beds and maintained a moist protective environment at the wound. The Nap-F3K-CA hydrogel can scavenge ROS to relieve oxidative damage and downregulate proinflammatory levels. The Nap-F3K-CA hydrogel also displayed potent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which reduced the incidence of wound infections. Moreover, the hydrogel exhibited good biocompatibility and hemostatic function. In vivo experiments demonstrated that the Nap-F3K-CA hydrogel significantly accelerated the repair of the skin structure including promoting collagen deposition, vascular regeneration, and hair follicle formation. These findings proved the clinical application potential of the Nap-F3K-CA hydrogel as a promising burn wound dressing.

细菌感染和持续炎症反应导致的伤口延迟愈合仍然是一个巨大的临床挑战。在此,我们报告了一种用于烧伤伤口管理的可涂抹、抗菌和抗炎的 Nap-F3K-CA(Nap-Phe-Phe-Lys-Caffeic Acid)水凝胶,它基于咖啡酸(CA)功能化短肽(Nap-Phe-Phe-Lys)。水凝胶是通过凝胶体之间的非共价作用组装而成的,CA 的加入促进了水凝胶的自组装。将水凝胶应用于烧伤创面后,它能有效地适应不规则的创面,并在创面保持湿润的保护环境。Nap-F3K-CA 水凝胶可以清除 ROS,缓解氧化损伤,降低促炎水平。Nap-F3K-CA 水凝胶对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌也有很强的抗菌活性,从而降低了伤口感染的发生率。此外,该水凝胶还具有良好的生物相容性和止血功能。体内实验表明,Nap-F3K-CA 水凝胶能明显加快皮肤结构的修复,包括促进胶原蛋白沉积、血管再生和毛囊形成。这些研究结果证明了 Nap-F3K-CA 水凝胶作为烧伤创面敷料的临床应用潜力。
{"title":"A Paintable Small-Molecule Hydrogel with Antimicrobial and ROS Scavenging Activities for Burn Wound Healing.","authors":"Qingchun Ji, Kehan Chen, Han Yi, Bingfang He, Tianyue Jiang","doi":"10.3390/gels10100621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10100621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Delayed wound healing induced by bacterial infection and a persistent inflammatory response remains a great clinical challenge. Herein, we reported a paintable, anti-bacterial, and anti-inflammatory Nap-F3K-CA (Nap-Phe-Phe-Phe-Lys-Caffeic Acid) hydrogel for burn wound management based on caffeic acid (CA)-functionalized short peptides (Nap-Phe-Phe-Phe-Lys). Hydrogels are assembled by non-covalent interactions between gelators, and the incorporation of CA promotes the self-assembly of the hydrogel. After being applied to burn wounds, the hydrogel effectively adapted to irregular wound beds and maintained a moist protective environment at the wound. The Nap-F3K-CA hydrogel can scavenge ROS to relieve oxidative damage and downregulate proinflammatory levels. The Nap-F3K-CA hydrogel also displayed potent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which reduced the incidence of wound infections. Moreover, the hydrogel exhibited good biocompatibility and hemostatic function. In vivo experiments demonstrated that the Nap-F3K-CA hydrogel significantly accelerated the repair of the skin structure including promoting collagen deposition, vascular regeneration, and hair follicle formation. These findings proved the clinical application potential of the Nap-F3K-CA hydrogel as a promising burn wound dressing.</p>","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11507430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142498379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development and Performance Evaluation of a New Conformance Control Agent Gel. 新型一致性控制代理 Gel 的开发与性能评估。
IF 5 3区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.3390/gels10100618
Bin Ma, He Wang, Shu Jiang, Mengyu Chen, Lei Zhang

How to effectively plug the multi-scale fractured water channeling has always been the key to achieving efficient water flooding of fractured low-permeability oil reservoirs. In this paper, a new type of supramolecular-polymer composite gel is developed, which is suitable for plugging multi-scale fractured water channeling. The supramolecular-polymer composite gel is composed of a polymer (such as polyacrylamide), cross-linking agent (such as polyethyleneimine), supramolecular gel factor (such as cyclodextrin) and polarity regulator (such as ethyl alcohol). The mass fraction of polyacrylamide, polyethyleneimine, cyclodextrin and ethyl alcohol are 0.15%, 0.2%, 1% and 0.2%, respectively. At the initial state, the viscosity of the composite gelant system is less than 20 mPa·s. It has good injection performance in micro-scale fractures and can enter the deep part of a fractured reservoir. At 40 °C, the composite gelant system can form a gel with a double network structure after gelation. One of the networks is formed by the covalent interaction between polyacrylamide and polyethyleneimine, the other network is formed by the self-assembly of cyclodextrins under the action of the ethyl alcohol. The comprehensive performance of the composite gel is greatly improved. The strength of the composite gel is >5 × 104 mPa·s, and it has good plugging strength in large-scale fractures. The composite gel can be used as a conformance control agent for fractured low-permeability oilfields.

如何有效堵塞多尺度压裂水通道一直是压裂低渗透油藏实现高效水淹的关键。本文开发了一种适用于堵塞多尺度压裂水通道的新型超分子聚合物复合凝胶。超分子聚合物复合凝胶由聚合物(如聚丙烯酰胺)、交联剂(如聚乙烯亚胺)、超分子凝胶因子(如环糊精)和极性调节剂(如乙醇)组成。聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯亚胺、环糊精和乙醇的质量分数分别为 0.15%、0.2%、1% 和 0.2%。在初始状态下,复合凝胶体系的粘度小于 20 mPa-s。在微尺度裂缝中具有良好的注入性能,可进入裂缝储层的深部。在 40 °C 时,复合凝胶体系凝胶化后可形成具有双网络结构的凝胶。其中一个网络是由聚丙烯酰胺和聚乙烯亚胺共价作用形成的,另一个网络是由环糊精在乙醇作用下自组装形成的。复合凝胶的综合性能大大提高。复合凝胶的强度大于 5 × 104 mPa-s,在大规模裂缝中具有良好的堵塞强度。该复合凝胶可用作压裂低渗透油田的一致性控制剂。
{"title":"Development and Performance Evaluation of a New Conformance Control Agent Gel.","authors":"Bin Ma, He Wang, Shu Jiang, Mengyu Chen, Lei Zhang","doi":"10.3390/gels10100618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10100618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>How to effectively plug the multi-scale fractured water channeling has always been the key to achieving efficient water flooding of fractured low-permeability oil reservoirs. In this paper, a new type of supramolecular-polymer composite gel is developed, which is suitable for plugging multi-scale fractured water channeling. The supramolecular-polymer composite gel is composed of a polymer (such as polyacrylamide), cross-linking agent (such as polyethyleneimine), supramolecular gel factor (such as cyclodextrin) and polarity regulator (such as ethyl alcohol). The mass fraction of polyacrylamide, polyethyleneimine, cyclodextrin and ethyl alcohol are 0.15%, 0.2%, 1% and 0.2%, respectively. At the initial state, the viscosity of the composite gelant system is less than 20 mPa·s. It has good injection performance in micro-scale fractures and can enter the deep part of a fractured reservoir. At 40 °C, the composite gelant system can form a gel with a double network structure after gelation. One of the networks is formed by the covalent interaction between polyacrylamide and polyethyleneimine, the other network is formed by the self-assembly of cyclodextrins under the action of the ethyl alcohol. The comprehensive performance of the composite gel is greatly improved. The strength of the composite gel is >5 × 10<sup>4</sup> mPa·s, and it has good plugging strength in large-scale fractures. The composite gel can be used as a conformance control agent for fractured low-permeability oilfields.</p>","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11507374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142498395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Application of Anionic Hydrogels from Date Palm Waste for Dye Adsorption in Wastewater Treatment. 从椰枣废料中提取的阴离子水凝胶在废水处理中的染料吸附应用。
IF 5 3区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.3390/gels10100617
Farid Fadhillah, Abdulrahman G Alhamzani, Khaled Bin Bandar, Abdullah Alshamari, Saad Aljlil, Abdelrahman G Gadallah, M A Habib, Mortaga M Abou-Krisha, Mona A Abdel-Fatah

This work aimed to develop an anionic cellulose nanofiber (CNF) bio-adsorbent from date palm tree waste and to investigate its removal efficiency compared to cationic methylene blue dye from contaminated water. Date palm pulp was first prepared from date palm leaves through acid hydrolysis using H2SO4, followed by hydrolysis in a basic medium using KOH, in which the process completely removed the components of hemicellulose, lignin, and silica. To obtain anionic CNF, the resulting pulp was further treated with H2SO4, followed by centrifugation. Biogel formation of the CNF suspension was promoted by sonication, where its removal efficiency of methylene blue dye was studied as a function of dye concentration, temperature, contact time, and pH value. In this work, we investigated two isotherms, i.e., Langmuir and Freundlich. The Langmuir model's consistency with the experimental data suggests that the adsorption of methylene blue dye onto CNF is monolayer and surface-limited. The reported maximum removal efficiency of 5 mg/g at 60 °C indicates the optimal temperature for adsorption in this specific case. Additionally, a pseudo-second-order model and Elovich model were also utilized to obtain a better understanding of the adsorption mechanism, in which we found not just physical adsorption but also an indication of a chemical reaction occurring between methylene blue dye and CNF. According to the results, that pseudo-second-order model's consistency with the experimental data suggests that the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) onto CNF is rate-limiting step involving chemisorption between the two. The study reveals that CNF adsorbents derived from renewable natural waste sources such as date palm leaves can be effective in removing cationic contaminants such as methylene blue dye.

本研究旨在从枣椰树废料中开发一种阴离子纤维素纳米纤维(CNF)生物吸附剂,并研究其与阳离子亚甲基蓝染料相比对污染水中染料的去除效率。首先用 H2SO4 酸水解枣椰树叶制备枣椰浆,然后用 KOH 在碱性介质中水解,在此过程中完全去除半纤维素、木质素和二氧化硅成分。为获得阴离子 CNF,产生的纸浆进一步用 H2SO4 处理,然后离心。通过超声促进 CNF 悬浮液形成生物凝胶,并研究了其去除亚甲基蓝染料的效率与染料浓度、温度、接触时间和 pH 值的函数关系。在这项工作中,我们研究了两种等温线,即 Langmuir 和 Freundlich。Langmuir 模型与实验数据一致,表明亚甲基蓝染料在 CNF 上的吸附是单层和表面受限的。据报告,在 60 °C 时的最大去除效率为 5 mg/g,这表明在这种特定情况下吸附温度是最佳的。此外,为了更好地理解吸附机理,我们还利用了伪二阶模型和埃洛维奇模型,发现其中不仅有物理吸附,还有亚甲基蓝染料与 CNF 之间发生化学反应的迹象。研究结果表明,伪二阶模型与实验数据的一致性表明,亚甲基蓝(MB)在 CNF 上的吸附是涉及二者之间化学吸附的限速步骤。研究结果表明,从枣椰叶等可再生天然废物中提取的 CNF 吸附剂可有效去除亚甲基蓝染料等阳离子污染物。
{"title":"Application of Anionic Hydrogels from Date Palm Waste for Dye Adsorption in Wastewater Treatment.","authors":"Farid Fadhillah, Abdulrahman G Alhamzani, Khaled Bin Bandar, Abdullah Alshamari, Saad Aljlil, Abdelrahman G Gadallah, M A Habib, Mortaga M Abou-Krisha, Mona A Abdel-Fatah","doi":"10.3390/gels10100617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10100617","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This work aimed to develop an anionic cellulose nanofiber (CNF) bio-adsorbent from date palm tree waste and to investigate its removal efficiency compared to cationic methylene blue dye from contaminated water. Date palm pulp was first prepared from date palm leaves through acid hydrolysis using H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, followed by hydrolysis in a basic medium using KOH, in which the process completely removed the components of hemicellulose, lignin, and silica. To obtain anionic CNF, the resulting pulp was further treated with H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, followed by centrifugation. Biogel formation of the CNF suspension was promoted by sonication, where its removal efficiency of methylene blue dye was studied as a function of dye concentration, temperature, contact time, and pH value. In this work, we investigated two isotherms, i.e., Langmuir and Freundlich. The Langmuir model's consistency with the experimental data suggests that the adsorption of methylene blue dye onto CNF is monolayer and surface-limited. The reported maximum removal efficiency of 5 mg/g at 60 °C indicates the optimal temperature for adsorption in this specific case. Additionally, a pseudo-second-order model and Elovich model were also utilized to obtain a better understanding of the adsorption mechanism, in which we found not just physical adsorption but also an indication of a chemical reaction occurring between methylene blue dye and CNF. According to the results, that pseudo-second-order model's consistency with the experimental data suggests that the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) onto CNF is rate-limiting step involving chemisorption between the two. The study reveals that CNF adsorbents derived from renewable natural waste sources such as date palm leaves can be effective in removing cationic contaminants such as methylene blue dye.</p>","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11507091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142498385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Engineering 3D Printed Gummies Loaded with Metformin for Paediatric Use. 用于儿科的装有二甲双胍的 3D 打印软糖。
IF 5 3区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.3390/gels10100620
Karla J Santamaría, Brayan J Anaya, Aikaterini Lalatsa, Patricia González-Barranco, Lucía Cantú-Cárdenas, Dolores R Serrano

In today's pharmaceutical landscape, there's an urgent need to develop new drug delivery systems that are appealing and effective in ensuring therapeutic adherence, particularly among paediatric patients. The advent of 3D printing in medicine is revolutionizing this space by enabling the creation of precise, customizable, and visually appealing dosage forms. In this study, we produced 250 mg metformin paediatric gummies based on the semi-solid extrusion (SSE) 3D printing technique. A pharmaceutical ink containing metformin was successfully formulated with optimal flow properties suitable for room-temperature printing. Using a quality by design approach, 3D printing and casting methodologies were compared. The 3D-printed gummies exhibited better firmness and sustained release at earlier times to avoid metformin release in the oral cavity and ensure palatability. The texture and physical appearance match those of gummies commercially available. In conclusion, SSE allowed for the successful manufacture of 3D-printed sugar-free gummies for the treatment of diabetes mellitus for paediatric patients and is an easily translatable approach to clinical practice.

在当今的制药领域,迫切需要开发出既吸引人又能有效确保治疗依从性的新型给药系统,尤其是在儿科患者中。3D打印技术在医药领域的出现为这一领域带来了革命性的变化,它可以制造出精确、可定制且外观精美的剂型。在这项研究中,我们采用半固态挤压(SSE)3D 打印技术制作了 250 毫克二甲双胍儿科软糖。含有二甲双胍的药用油墨配制成功,具有适合室温打印的最佳流动特性。采用质量源于设计的方法,对三维打印和铸造方法进行了比较。三维打印软糖具有更好的硬度,并能在更早的时间内持续释放二甲双胍,从而避免二甲双胍在口腔中释放,并确保其适口性。其质地和物理外观与市面上销售的软糖一致。总之,SSE 成功制造出用于治疗儿科糖尿病的 3D 打印无糖软糖,是一种易于转化为临床实践的方法。
{"title":"Engineering 3D Printed Gummies Loaded with Metformin for Paediatric Use.","authors":"Karla J Santamaría, Brayan J Anaya, Aikaterini Lalatsa, Patricia González-Barranco, Lucía Cantú-Cárdenas, Dolores R Serrano","doi":"10.3390/gels10100620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10100620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In today's pharmaceutical landscape, there's an urgent need to develop new drug delivery systems that are appealing and effective in ensuring therapeutic adherence, particularly among paediatric patients. The advent of 3D printing in medicine is revolutionizing this space by enabling the creation of precise, customizable, and visually appealing dosage forms. In this study, we produced 250 mg metformin paediatric gummies based on the semi-solid extrusion (SSE) 3D printing technique. A pharmaceutical ink containing metformin was successfully formulated with optimal flow properties suitable for room-temperature printing. Using a quality by design approach, 3D printing and casting methodologies were compared. The 3D-printed gummies exhibited better firmness and sustained release at earlier times to avoid metformin release in the oral cavity and ensure palatability. The texture and physical appearance match those of gummies commercially available. In conclusion, SSE allowed for the successful manufacture of 3D-printed sugar-free gummies for the treatment of diabetes mellitus for paediatric patients and is an easily translatable approach to clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11507287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142498406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Biocompatibility Study of Purified and Low-Temperature-Sterilized Injectable Collagen for Soft Tissue Repair: Intramuscular Implantation in Rats. 用于软组织修复的纯化和低温灭菌注射用胶原蛋白的生物相容性研究:大鼠肌肉内植入。
IF 5 3区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.3390/gels10100619
Tae-Hoon Koo, Jason K Lee, Shawn P Grogan, Ho Jong Ra, Darryl D D'Lima

The clinical application of collagen-based biomaterials is expanding rapidly, especially in tissue engineering and cosmetics. While oral supplements and injectable skin boosters are popular for enhancing skin health, clinical evidence supporting their effectiveness remains limited. Injectable products show potential in revitalizing skin, but safety concerns persist due to challenges in sterilization and the risk of biological contamination. Traditional methods of sterilization (heat and irradiation) can denature collagen. This study addresses these issues by introducing a novel technique: the double filtration and low-temperature steam sterilization of a collagen gel. In vitro tests documented the sterility and confirmed that the collagen did not show cytotoxicity, degradation, integrity, and viscosity characteristics changes after the processing and sterilization. The collagen gel induced new collagen expression and the proliferation of human dermal fibroblasts when the cells were cultured with the collagen gel. An in vivo study found no adverse effects in rats or significant lesions at the implantation site over 13 weeks. These results suggest that this novel method to process collagen gels is a safe and effective skin booster. Advanced processing methods are likely to mitigate the safety risks associated with injectable collagen products, though further research is needed to validate their biological effectiveness and clinical benefits.

以胶原蛋白为基础的生物材料的临床应用正在迅速扩大,尤其是在组织工程和美容方面。虽然口服补充剂和注射皮肤促进剂在增强皮肤健康方面很受欢迎,但支持其有效性的临床证据仍然有限。注射产品显示出活化皮肤的潜力,但由于灭菌方面的挑战和生物污染的风险,安全问题依然存在。传统的消毒方法(加热和辐照)会使胶原蛋白变性。本研究通过引入一种新技术来解决这些问题:胶原蛋白凝胶的双重过滤和低温蒸汽灭菌。体外测试证明了胶原蛋白的无菌性,并证实胶原蛋白在加工和灭菌后未出现细胞毒性、降解、完整性和粘度特性变化。用胶原蛋白凝胶培养人的真皮成纤维细胞时,胶原蛋白凝胶能诱导新胶原蛋白的表达和增殖。一项体内研究发现,13 周内对大鼠没有不良影响,植入部位也没有明显病变。这些结果表明,这种加工胶原凝胶的新方法是一种安全有效的皮肤促进剂。先进的加工方法有可能降低与注射胶原蛋白产品相关的安全风险,但还需要进一步的研究来验证其生物有效性和临床益处。
{"title":"Biocompatibility Study of Purified and Low-Temperature-Sterilized Injectable Collagen for Soft Tissue Repair: Intramuscular Implantation in Rats.","authors":"Tae-Hoon Koo, Jason K Lee, Shawn P Grogan, Ho Jong Ra, Darryl D D'Lima","doi":"10.3390/gels10100619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10100619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The clinical application of collagen-based biomaterials is expanding rapidly, especially in tissue engineering and cosmetics. While oral supplements and injectable skin boosters are popular for enhancing skin health, clinical evidence supporting their effectiveness remains limited. Injectable products show potential in revitalizing skin, but safety concerns persist due to challenges in sterilization and the risk of biological contamination. Traditional methods of sterilization (heat and irradiation) can denature collagen. This study addresses these issues by introducing a novel technique: the double filtration and low-temperature steam sterilization of a collagen gel. In vitro tests documented the sterility and confirmed that the collagen did not show cytotoxicity, degradation, integrity, and viscosity characteristics changes after the processing and sterilization. The collagen gel induced new collagen expression and the proliferation of human dermal fibroblasts when the cells were cultured with the collagen gel. An in vivo study found no adverse effects in rats or significant lesions at the implantation site over 13 weeks. These results suggest that this novel method to process collagen gels is a safe and effective skin booster. Advanced processing methods are likely to mitigate the safety risks associated with injectable collagen products, though further research is needed to validate their biological effectiveness and clinical benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11508103/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142498386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Influence of Bilberry Pomace Powder Addition on the Physicochemical, Functional, Rheological, and Sensory Properties of Stirred Yogurt. 添加山桑子果渣粉对搅拌酸奶的理化、功能、流变和感官特性的影响
IF 5 3区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.3390/gels10100616
Ana Maria Blejan, Violeta Nour, Alexandru Radu Corbu, Georgiana Gabriela Codină

Fruit processing by-products could represent a sustainable ingredient for developing innovative dairy products. The present study was conducted to develop a novel functional yogurt by adding bilberry pomace powder (BPP) at 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% (w/w) levels in stirred-type yogurt production to confer color and to increase the dietary fiber and polyphenol content. Physicochemical properties of the yogurt samples, including color parameters, titratable acidity, pH, water holding capacity (WHC), and syneresis, as well as textural and rheological properties, were evaluated in yogurts on the 1, 14, and 28 days of refrigerated storage (4 °C). In addition, total phenolic content, total anthocyanin content, and radical scavenging activity were determined in yogurts, and sensory analysis was conducted. The results showed that BPP is a valuable source of polyphenols, dietary fiber, and oils rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs, n-6/n-3 ratio = 0.91). The incorporation of BPP imparted an attractive purple color to the yogurts, increased WHC, and reduced syneresis. Moreover, the addition of BPP improved the rheological properties, demonstrating that a more dense and stable yogurt gel network structure was obtained than the control. The yogurt enriched with 1.0% BPP received the highest scores for color, consistency, taste, and overall acceptability. Hence, bilberry pomace powder might be used as an ingredient to improve the nutritional and functional value of yogurts.

水果加工副产品是开发创新乳制品的一种可持续配料。本研究旨在通过在搅拌型酸奶生产中添加 0.5%、1.0% 和 1.5%(重量比)含量的山桑子渣粉(BPP)来开发一种新型功能性酸奶,以赋予酸奶色泽并增加膳食纤维和多酚含量。酸奶样品的理化特性,包括颜色参数、滴定酸度、pH 值、持水量(WHC)和滞后性,以及质地和流变特性,在酸奶冷藏储存(4 °C)1、14 和 28 天后进行了评估。此外,还测定了酸奶中的总酚含量、总花青素含量和自由基清除活性,并进行了感官分析。结果表明,BPP 是一种宝贵的多酚、膳食纤维和富含 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3 PUFA,n-6/n-3 比率 = 0.91)的油脂来源。BPP 的加入使酸奶呈现出诱人的紫色,提高了 WHC,并减少了酸奶凝固现象。此外,添加 BPP 还改善了流变特性,表明酸奶凝胶网络结构比对照组更致密、更稳定。富含 1.0% BPP 的酸奶在颜色、稠度、口感和整体可接受性方面得分最高。因此,山桑子果渣粉可作为一种配料来提高酸奶的营养和功能价值。
{"title":"Influence of Bilberry Pomace Powder Addition on the Physicochemical, Functional, Rheological, and Sensory Properties of Stirred Yogurt.","authors":"Ana Maria Blejan, Violeta Nour, Alexandru Radu Corbu, Georgiana Gabriela Codină","doi":"10.3390/gels10100616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10100616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fruit processing by-products could represent a sustainable ingredient for developing innovative dairy products. The present study was conducted to develop a novel functional yogurt by adding bilberry pomace powder (BPP) at 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% (<i>w</i>/<i>w</i>) levels in stirred-type yogurt production to confer color and to increase the dietary fiber and polyphenol content. Physicochemical properties of the yogurt samples, including color parameters, titratable acidity, pH, water holding capacity (WHC), and syneresis, as well as textural and rheological properties, were evaluated in yogurts on the 1, 14, and 28 days of refrigerated storage (4 °C). In addition, total phenolic content, total anthocyanin content, and radical scavenging activity were determined in yogurts, and sensory analysis was conducted. The results showed that BPP is a valuable source of polyphenols, dietary fiber, and oils rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs, n-6/n-3 ratio = 0.91). The incorporation of BPP imparted an attractive purple color to the yogurts, increased WHC, and reduced syneresis. Moreover, the addition of BPP improved the rheological properties, demonstrating that a more dense and stable yogurt gel network structure was obtained than the control. The yogurt enriched with 1.0% BPP received the highest scores for color, consistency, taste, and overall acceptability. Hence, bilberry pomace powder might be used as an ingredient to improve the nutritional and functional value of yogurts.</p>","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11507111/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142498434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Self-Degradable Rubber Plug for Temporary Plugging and Its Degradation Mechanism. 用于临时堵塞的自降解橡胶塞及其降解机理。
IF 5 3区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.3390/gels10100615
Fan Yang, Fan Li, Renjing Ji, Xiaorong Yu, Huan Yang, Gaoshen Su

A self-degradable rubber plug (SDRP) was developed to address issues in existing crosslinked polymer temporary plugging technology, such as poor self-degradation properties. The synthesis formula was optimized using response surface analysis, resulting in an optimized composition of the SDRP: 13 wt% monomer, 0.02 wt% initiator, 0.7 wt% crosslinker, and 1.8 wt% degradation catalyst. Under the condition of 70-120 °C, the SDRP was transformed from a liquid to a solid gel in 30-110 min; the degradation time was 3-10 days, and the viscosity of the completely degraded solution was lower than 20 mPa·s. At an injection volume of 1 PV SDPR, a breakthrough pressure of 8.34 MPa was achieved. The hydrolysis of the unstable crosslinker was found to have caused the breakage of the SDRP. Over time, the functional groups within the unstable crosslinker underwent hydrolysis due to the combined effects of temperature and the degradation catalyst. This process led to the disruption of crosslinking points, resulting in a gradual deterioration of the network structure. As a consequence, some immobile water was converted into free water. The mobility of water molecules increased until the plug was completely degraded into a viscous liquid. This study enriches the temporary plugging gel system.

为解决现有交联聚合物临时堵塞技术中存在的问题(如自降解性能差),开发了一种自降解橡胶塞(SDRP)。利用响应面分析法对合成配方进行了优化,最终确定了 SDRP 的优化组成:13 wt%的单体、0.02 wt%的引发剂、0.7 wt%的交联剂和 1.8 wt%的降解催化剂。在 70-120 °C 的条件下,SDRP 在 30-110 分钟内由液态转变为固态凝胶;降解时间为 3-10 天,完全降解溶液的粘度低于 20 mPa-s。当注入量为 1 PV SDPR 时,可达到 8.34 MPa 的突破压力。研究发现,不稳定交联剂的水解导致了 SDRP 的断裂。随着时间的推移,在温度和降解催化剂的共同作用下,不稳定交联剂中的官能团发生了水解。这一过程导致了交联点的破坏,从而使网络结构逐渐恶化。因此,一些不流动的水被转化为自由水。水分子的流动性不断增加,直至堵塞物完全降解为粘稠液体。这项研究丰富了临时堵塞凝胶系统。
{"title":"Self-Degradable Rubber Plug for Temporary Plugging and Its Degradation Mechanism.","authors":"Fan Yang, Fan Li, Renjing Ji, Xiaorong Yu, Huan Yang, Gaoshen Su","doi":"10.3390/gels10100615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10100615","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A self-degradable rubber plug (SDRP) was developed to address issues in existing crosslinked polymer temporary plugging technology, such as poor self-degradation properties. The synthesis formula was optimized using response surface analysis, resulting in an optimized composition of the SDRP: 13 wt% monomer, 0.02 wt% initiator, 0.7 wt% crosslinker, and 1.8 wt% degradation catalyst. Under the condition of 70-120 °C, the SDRP was transformed from a liquid to a solid gel in 30-110 min; the degradation time was 3-10 days, and the viscosity of the completely degraded solution was lower than 20 mPa·s. At an injection volume of 1 PV SDPR, a breakthrough pressure of 8.34 MPa was achieved. The hydrolysis of the unstable crosslinker was found to have caused the breakage of the SDRP. Over time, the functional groups within the unstable crosslinker underwent hydrolysis due to the combined effects of temperature and the degradation catalyst. This process led to the disruption of crosslinking points, resulting in a gradual deterioration of the network structure. As a consequence, some immobile water was converted into free water. The mobility of water molecules increased until the plug was completely degraded into a viscous liquid. This study enriches the temporary plugging gel system.</p>","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11507129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142498459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Introductory Review of Soft Implantable Bioelectronics Using Conductive and Functional Hydrogels and Hydrogel Nanocomposites. 使用导电和功能性水凝胶及水凝胶纳米复合材料的软植入式生物电子学介绍性综述。
IF 5 3区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.3390/gels10100614
San Kim, Yumin Shin, Jaewon Han, Hye Jin Kim, Sung-Hyuk Sunwoo

Interfaces between implantable bioelectrodes and tissues provide critical insights into the biological and pathological conditions of targeted organs, aiding diagnosis and treatment. While conventional bioelectronics, made from rigid materials like metals and silicon, have been essential for recording signals and delivering electric stimulation, they face limitations due to the mechanical mismatch between rigid devices and soft tissues. Recently, focus has shifted toward soft conductive materials, such as conductive hydrogels and hydrogel nanocomposites, known for their tissue-like softness, biocompatibility, and potential for functionalization. This review introduces these materials and provides an overview of recent advances in soft hydrogel nanocomposites for implantable electronics. It covers material strategies for conductive hydrogels, including both intrinsically conductive hydrogels and hydrogel nanocomposites, and explores key functionalization techniques like biodegradation, bioadhesiveness, injectability, and self-healing. Practical applications of these materials in implantable electronics are also highlighted, showcasing their effectiveness in real-world scenarios. Finally, we discuss emerging technologies and future needs for chronically implantable bioelectronics, offering insights into the evolving landscape of this field.

植入式生物电极与组织之间的界面为了解目标器官的生物和病理状况提供了重要信息,有助于诊断和治疗。传统的生物电子器件由金属和硅等刚性材料制成,对于记录信号和提供电刺激至关重要,但由于刚性器件与软组织之间的机械不匹配,它们面临着局限性。最近,研究重点转向了软性导电材料,如导电水凝胶和水凝胶纳米复合材料,它们以类似组织的柔软性、生物相容性和功能化潜力而著称。本综述介绍了这些材料,并概述了用于植入式电子器件的软水凝胶纳米复合材料的最新进展。它涵盖了导电水凝胶的材料策略,包括内在导电水凝胶和水凝胶纳米复合材料,并探讨了生物降解、生物粘附性、可注射性和自愈合等关键功能化技术。我们还重点介绍了这些材料在植入式电子设备中的实际应用,展示了它们在现实世界中的有效性。最后,我们讨论了慢性植入式生物电子学的新兴技术和未来需求,为这一领域不断发展的前景提供了见解。
{"title":"Introductory Review of Soft Implantable Bioelectronics Using Conductive and Functional Hydrogels and Hydrogel Nanocomposites.","authors":"San Kim, Yumin Shin, Jaewon Han, Hye Jin Kim, Sung-Hyuk Sunwoo","doi":"10.3390/gels10100614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10100614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interfaces between implantable bioelectrodes and tissues provide critical insights into the biological and pathological conditions of targeted organs, aiding diagnosis and treatment. While conventional bioelectronics, made from rigid materials like metals and silicon, have been essential for recording signals and delivering electric stimulation, they face limitations due to the mechanical mismatch between rigid devices and soft tissues. Recently, focus has shifted toward soft conductive materials, such as conductive hydrogels and hydrogel nanocomposites, known for their tissue-like softness, biocompatibility, and potential for functionalization. This review introduces these materials and provides an overview of recent advances in soft hydrogel nanocomposites for implantable electronics. It covers material strategies for conductive hydrogels, including both intrinsically conductive hydrogels and hydrogel nanocomposites, and explores key functionalization techniques like biodegradation, bioadhesiveness, injectability, and self-healing. Practical applications of these materials in implantable electronics are also highlighted, showcasing their effectiveness in real-world scenarios. Finally, we discuss emerging technologies and future needs for chronically implantable bioelectronics, offering insights into the evolving landscape of this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11506957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142498435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Gels
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1