Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876982
M. Khayyat, B. Wacaser, M. Reuter, D. Sadana
The nanopatterning of semiconductors and other surfaces in a controlled manor is of a great interest for industrial application. The current technique is a new method of controlling the spatial placement of the growth of nanowires (NWs) seeded with oxygen reactive materials such as aluminum, which is a standard metal in silicon process line. The technique is based about patterning a semiconductor substrate or other like substrate which is capable of forming a semiconductor alloy with an oxygen reactive element during a subsequent annealing step. Moreover, it does not require removal of the patterned compound oxide layer.
{"title":"Templating silicon nanowires seeded with oxygen reactive materials","authors":"M. Khayyat, B. Wacaser, M. Reuter, D. Sadana","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876982","url":null,"abstract":"The nanopatterning of semiconductors and other surfaces in a controlled manor is of a great interest for industrial application. The current technique is a new method of controlling the spatial placement of the growth of nanowires (NWs) seeded with oxygen reactive materials such as aluminum, which is a standard metal in silicon process line. The technique is based about patterning a semiconductor substrate or other like substrate which is capable of forming a semiconductor alloy with an oxygen reactive element during a subsequent annealing step. Moreover, it does not require removal of the patterned compound oxide layer.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116804849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876945
S. Salmi, S. Sadouni, H. Mokhtari, M. Benslama
In the field of telecommunications, mobility represents new practical ways of communication that are known to be vaguely flexible in terms of use; for users expect to enjoy constant and good quality service. An attempt will be make; all along this file; to introduce the concept of Multihoming to mobile networks in order to increase their strength and resistance toward the effects of mobility, along with the optimization of network resources. For this purpose, the BGP protocol has been opted for, the one which takes into charge the introduction of the Multihoming concept to Ad Hoc MANET networks; all this is achieved by its cohabitation with other Ad Hoc routing protocols. Firstly, it has been preceded by AODV for the reactive protocol category; afterwards is to deal with the OLSR for the proactive ones. This in turn, will allow us to determine the routing protocol category that fits the most the Multihoming integration as a new concept; in addition to the crucial mechanisms that should to be taken into consideration.
在电信领域，移动性代表了在使用方面具有模糊灵活性的新的实用通信方式;为用户期望享受到持续而优质的服务。会有尝试;沿着这个文件;在移动网络中引入多归的概念，以增强其对移动性影响的强度和抵抗力，同时优化网络资源。为此，选择了BGP协议，它负责将Multihoming概念引入Ad Hoc MANET网络;所有这些都是通过它与其他Ad Hoc路由协议的共存来实现的。首先，在AODV之前出现了响应式协议类别;然后是处理主动的OLSR。反过来，这将使我们能够确定最适合多宿主集成作为一个新概念的路由协议类别;除了应该考虑到的关键机制之外。
{"title":"Ad Hoc MANET mobile networks and the integration of the Multihoming concept","authors":"S. Salmi, S. Sadouni, H. Mokhtari, M. Benslama","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876945","url":null,"abstract":"In the field of telecommunications, mobility represents new practical ways of communication that are known to be vaguely flexible in terms of use; for users expect to enjoy constant and good quality service. An attempt will be make; all along this file; to introduce the concept of Multihoming to mobile networks in order to increase their strength and resistance toward the effects of mobility, along with the optimization of network resources. For this purpose, the BGP protocol has been opted for, the one which takes into charge the introduction of the Multihoming concept to Ad Hoc MANET networks; all this is achieved by its cohabitation with other Ad Hoc routing protocols. Firstly, it has been preceded by AODV for the reactive protocol category; afterwards is to deal with the OLSR for the proactive ones. This in turn, will allow us to determine the routing protocol category that fits the most the Multihoming integration as a new concept; in addition to the crucial mechanisms that should to be taken into consideration.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117151151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876896
Mohammad Mohatram, P. Tewari, Nutan Latanath
This paper proposed an artificial neural network (ANN) approach based on Lagrangian multiplier method (Lagrangian ANN) to solve the problem of economic load flow in a power system. Operational requirements and transmission losses are also taken care by the proposed approach. Power plant operating costs are represented by exponential cost functions. Simulation on a test example with six generating units shows that the proposed method can efficiently and accurately solve the problem of economic load flow.
{"title":"Economic load flow using Lagrange neural network","authors":"Mohammad Mohatram, P. Tewari, Nutan Latanath","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876896","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposed an artificial neural network (ANN) approach based on Lagrangian multiplier method (Lagrangian ANN) to solve the problem of economic load flow in a power system. Operational requirements and transmission losses are also taken care by the proposed approach. Power plant operating costs are represented by exponential cost functions. Simulation on a test example with six generating units shows that the proposed method can efficiently and accurately solve the problem of economic load flow.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123079005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5877011
S. Taib, M. Jadin, Shahid Kabir
This paper proposes a method of classifying the reliability of electrical equipment by analyzing their thermal images. In order to automatically analyze the thermal image, a top-down approach of image processing is used. First the distinctive feature points of the target equipment are identified. The maximally stable extremal region (MSER) algorithm is used to detect the feature points and regions of interest. Feature descriptors for each detected point are calculated and similar features are matched together by utilizing the Euclidean distance to find similar equipment within the image. These are then grouped together before proceeding with the segmentation process. The condition of the electrical equipment is evaluated by finding their real temperature values. Classification of the thermal faults within the electrical equipment is done by using qualitative-based measurements. The results indicate that this technique produces about 60% correct classifications, which is according to the recommended standards.
{"title":"Thermal imaging for qualitative-based measurements of thermal anomalies in electrical components","authors":"S. Taib, M. Jadin, Shahid Kabir","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5877011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5877011","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a method of classifying the reliability of electrical equipment by analyzing their thermal images. In order to automatically analyze the thermal image, a top-down approach of image processing is used. First the distinctive feature points of the target equipment are identified. The maximally stable extremal region (MSER) algorithm is used to detect the feature points and regions of interest. Feature descriptors for each detected point are calculated and similar features are matched together by utilizing the Euclidean distance to find similar equipment within the image. These are then grouped together before proceeding with the segmentation process. The condition of the electrical equipment is evaluated by finding their real temperature values. Classification of the thermal faults within the electrical equipment is done by using qualitative-based measurements. The results indicate that this technique produces about 60% correct classifications, which is according to the recommended standards.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123363606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5877003
S. Abdalla, A. Al-Ghamdi, F. Al-Marzouki
We have found that some types of food produce dc electro-motif force EMF which decays exponentially with time. These types are denoted as electrically active food (e.g. meat, fish, garlic, carrot). On the contradictory, other types, such as chocolate and cashew, have shown no electrical activity and thus they are designated as passive food. The experimental results are explained taken into account the presence of both dc intrinsic EMF generator in the food itself and another EMF due to the electrode contact potential. This phenomenon could be of certain importance in developing food quality and food-market control.
{"title":"Green energy: Electric batteries from food","authors":"S. Abdalla, A. Al-Ghamdi, F. Al-Marzouki","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5877003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5877003","url":null,"abstract":"We have found that some types of food produce dc electro-motif force EMF which decays exponentially with time. These types are denoted as electrically active food (e.g. meat, fish, garlic, carrot). On the contradictory, other types, such as chocolate and cashew, have shown no electrical activity and thus they are designated as passive food. The experimental results are explained taken into account the presence of both dc intrinsic EMF generator in the food itself and another EMF due to the electrode contact potential. This phenomenon could be of certain importance in developing food quality and food-market control.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"558 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117053212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876686
R. Gohary, H. Yanikomeroglu
The technological foundation of fourth generation (4G) cellular systems was outlined in the Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) standards which enable communication rates of 100 Megabits per second for mobile communications and 1 Gigabit per second for nomadic ones. In LTE-A the deployment of wireless intermediate communication-assisting nodes, known as relays, was standardized for the first time. Under ideal conditions it has been envisioned that the deployment of relays will enhance the network coverage and will enable reliable communication at the cell periphery. Despite the envisioned gains of LTE-A based systems, practical field tests indicate that slight deviations from the ideal conditions can result in significant loss in achievable rates and service coverage.
{"title":"An emerging concept for 4G+ wireless cellular networks: Terminal relaying","authors":"R. Gohary, H. Yanikomeroglu","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876686","url":null,"abstract":"The technological foundation of fourth generation (4G) cellular systems was outlined in the Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) standards which enable communication rates of 100 Megabits per second for mobile communications and 1 Gigabit per second for nomadic ones. In LTE-A the deployment of wireless intermediate communication-assisting nodes, known as relays, was standardized for the first time. Under ideal conditions it has been envisioned that the deployment of relays will enhance the network coverage and will enable reliable communication at the cell periphery. Despite the envisioned gains of LTE-A based systems, practical field tests indicate that slight deviations from the ideal conditions can result in significant loss in achievable rates and service coverage.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115796231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876964
I. Murtaza, K. Karimov
In this study a device based on a mixture of photosensitive organic semiconductors poly-N-epoxypropylcarbazole (PEPC) and Copper Phthalocyanine (CuPc) is investigated as a photocapacitive detector. We deposit thin films of the PEPC-CuPc from their solution in toluene or dioxane on a conductive glass (CG) to fabricate CG/PEPC-CuPc/Ag photocapacitive detectors. It is observed that under filament lamp illumination of up to 2000 lx the capacitance of the CG/PEPC-CuPc/Ag photoca-pacitive detectors increases by 8 time with respect to dark conditions when the concentration of CuPc in the polymer is equal to 85 wt.%. The photoconductivity of the detectors increases with illumination. It is assumed that the photocapacitive response of the detectors is associated with polarization occurring due to the transfer of photo-generated electrons and holes.
{"title":"Poly-n-epoxypropylcarbazole complexes photocapacitive detectors","authors":"I. Murtaza, K. Karimov","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876964","url":null,"abstract":"In this study a device based on a mixture of photosensitive organic semiconductors poly-N-epoxypropylcarbazole (PEPC) and Copper Phthalocyanine (CuPc) is investigated as a photocapacitive detector. We deposit thin films of the PEPC-CuPc from their solution in toluene or dioxane on a conductive glass (CG) to fabricate CG/PEPC-CuPc/Ag photocapacitive detectors. It is observed that under filament lamp illumination of up to 2000 lx the capacitance of the CG/PEPC-CuPc/Ag photoca-pacitive detectors increases by 8 time with respect to dark conditions when the concentration of CuPc in the polymer is equal to 85 wt.%. The photoconductivity of the detectors increases with illumination. It is assumed that the photocapacitive response of the detectors is associated with polarization occurring due to the transfer of photo-generated electrons and holes.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125809747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876949
M. S. Willers, J. van den Bergh
Extensive use of modelling and simulation in the development of electro-optical sensor systems results in reduced risk, lower cost and shorter development time scales. In order to develop, evaluate and optimise system performance under diverse environmental conditions a radiometrically calibrated imaging scene simulator is required. A brief overview of such a simulation system is presented, focussing on physics-based scene radiometry and weapon system sensor modelling. Application of the simulator in the development and evaluation of infrared missile seeker sensor systems is presented.
{"title":"Optronics sensor development using an imaging simulation system","authors":"M. S. Willers, J. van den Bergh","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876949","url":null,"abstract":"Extensive use of modelling and simulation in the development of electro-optical sensor systems results in reduced risk, lower cost and shorter development time scales. In order to develop, evaluate and optimise system performance under diverse environmental conditions a radiometrically calibrated imaging scene simulator is required. A brief overview of such a simulation system is presented, focussing on physics-based scene radiometry and weapon system sensor modelling. Application of the simulator in the development and evaluation of infrared missile seeker sensor systems is presented.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122241906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5877001
Faisal A. Alquaied, Abdullah I. Almudaifer, Mohammed A. Alshaya
Efficient data sorting is important for searching and optimization algorithms in high time demanding fields such as image, multi-media data processing and radar detection. To accelerate the data sorting algorithm applied in practical radar algorithms detection such as OS-CFAR, a novel high-speed parallel sorting scheme based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) is proposed in this paper. It also provides a technique that will make the clock rate constant regardless of the length of the list that will be sorted. The paper presents new results in: 1) parallel sorting algorithms; 2) FPGA-based parallel architectures; and 3) the technique of sorting the most recently entered data items to the memory while discarding the oldest items is presented. Results obtained show a reduction in the clock rate. FPGA implementation results are presented and discussed.
{"title":"A novel high-speed parallel sorting algorithm based on FPGA","authors":"Faisal A. Alquaied, Abdullah I. Almudaifer, Mohammed A. Alshaya","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5877001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5877001","url":null,"abstract":"Efficient data sorting is important for searching and optimization algorithms in high time demanding fields such as image, multi-media data processing and radar detection. To accelerate the data sorting algorithm applied in practical radar algorithms detection such as OS-CFAR, a novel high-speed parallel sorting scheme based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) is proposed in this paper. It also provides a technique that will make the clock rate constant regardless of the length of the list that will be sorted. The paper presents new results in: 1) parallel sorting algorithms; 2) FPGA-based parallel architectures; and 3) the technique of sorting the most recently entered data items to the memory while discarding the oldest items is presented. Results obtained show a reduction in the clock rate. FPGA implementation results are presented and discussed.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128155498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-24DOI: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876938
C. Combrink, C. J. Venter, S. Govender, Mohammed A. Alshareef
A reconfigurable Control and Monitoring Framework (CMF) was developed, integrated and tested with a Radar Signal Processor (RSP). The methods and processes used to develop and utilise the CMF are highlighted in the context of a complete Control and Monitoring System (CMS) for an RSP. The CMF provides the basis for developing interactive, high-level control and monitoring applications using a multi-layer messaging infrastructure. The Unified Process was used for the development of the CMF. The CMF provides extensibility and modularity through the use of Object-Oriented (OO) code, but also as a result of extensive use of Extensible Markup Language (XML) configuration and description files. Design and scope changes are also minimized through the use of a dynamic scheme for addressing, controlling and monitoring hardware. The CMF has not only been utilised successfully for high-level control and monitoring of an RSP system, but is also being utilised further on projects and for applications being developed by the participating organizations. Working within a verified framework improves stability and reduces the development time of new implementations.
{"title":"Reconfigurable, XML-driven, OO framework for real-time control and monitoring of embedded Radar Signal Processor","authors":"C. Combrink, C. J. Venter, S. Govender, Mohammed A. Alshareef","doi":"10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876938","url":null,"abstract":"A reconfigurable Control and Monitoring Framework (CMF) was developed, integrated and tested with a Radar Signal Processor (RSP). The methods and processes used to develop and utilise the CMF are highlighted in the context of a complete Control and Monitoring System (CMS) for an RSP. The CMF provides the basis for developing interactive, high-level control and monitoring applications using a multi-layer messaging infrastructure. The Unified Process was used for the development of the CMF. The CMF provides extensibility and modularity through the use of Object-Oriented (OO) code, but also as a result of extensive use of Extensible Markup Language (XML) configuration and description files. Design and scope changes are also minimized through the use of a dynamic scheme for addressing, controlling and monitoring hardware. The CMF has not only been utilised successfully for high-level control and monitoring of an RSP system, but is also being utilised further on projects and for applications being developed by the participating organizations. Working within a verified framework improves stability and reduces the development time of new implementations.","PeriodicalId":125634,"journal":{"name":"2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128470612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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