Fuel Cells最新文献

Dear Colleagues,

Welcome to the first issue of Fuel Cells – From Fundamentals to Systems in 2024. With this issue the journal is heading off for volume 24.

We hope this year we can continue to bring more excellent research in electrochemical systems with a full spectrum of special and topical issues planned alongside regular issues.

We are happy to see the improvement of the journal's Impact Factor to 2.95, which is an achievement from the effort of everyone who contributed to the journal. With the expanded scopes for the journal from only fuel cell research to more broad electrochemical systems and fundamentals, we hope to see a steady growth of submission, publication and citations. This has already been shown by a 21% higher submission rate in 2023 than 2022.

As Special Issues (SI) and Topical Issues (TI) have proven as high impact facets of the journal from their start in 2001, and related publications always show up among the top-ten downloaded Fuel Cells – From Fundamentals to Systems articles.

There are few other possible topical issues in planning, including a Virtual Issue to honor Professor Dr. Ulrich Stimming, who stepped down as Editor-in-Chief in July 2023, but will still be an active member of the Editorial Office as Founding Editor.

Thus, we would like to say a special THANK YOU to all the Guest Editors of both Topical and Special Issues, for inviting and taking care of the publication of highest quality articles at the core interests of our readers.

We welcome ideas for Topical Issues to showcase research development in a particular field related to electrochemical processes and systems.

Although we have discovered some delays in the restructuring of the Editorial Office as well as the Editorial Board, let us welcome the new members of the Editorial Board, who joined us in the second half of 2023 and injected new energy and dynamics, as well as expertise to the Editorial Board. We will introduce them in the coming issues. The new members are from diverse geographic and expertise areas. We hope to work together to continue the work started by Prof. Dr. Stimming and enhance the impact of the journal even further.

They will work together with existing Editorial Board Members to serve the community and make some exciting changes.

Nevertheless, besides all efforts from the Editorial Office the future development of the journal will strongly depend on your activity in making the journal known to everybody in our community or by contributing to the journal as guest editors, reviewers or authors.

Thus, we are looking forward to your cooperation for Volume 23, 2024, and to receiving your contributions.

With kind regards,

Fuel Cells – From Fundamentals to Systems publishes on all aspects of fuel cells, ranging from their molecular basis including theory and with molecular processes at catalyst surfaces and microscopic processes in membranes to their application in systems such as power plants, road vehicles and power sources in portables. It includes electrochemical energy technology as in energy conversion and storage with batteries, supercapacitors and electrolytic processes. Fuel Cells is a platform for scientific exchange in a diverse interdisciplinary field. All related work in chemistry, physics, materials science, chemical engineering, electrical engineering, and mechanical engineering is included.

The performance and durability of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are constrained by fuel delivery and water management. Based on parallel and serpentine flow fields, the effects of triangular baffles (30°, 45°, and 60°) and conical runners (1°, 2°, and 3°) on the performance output of PEMFC at different angles are studied. The three-dimensional and multi-phase models are established by using the simulation software package (ANSYS FLUENT). The findings demonstrate that the battery's output performance reaches its peak when the baffle angle is set at 45°. When the output current density is 0.7 A/cm², the power density of the 45° baffle increases by 18.87%. The pressure loss is not only lower than that of the 60° baffle but also exhibits no significant difference when compared to the 30° baffle. In addition, the introduction of conical channels has enhanced the output performance of PEMFCs in comparison to the traditional serpentine flow field. The power density of the 2°tapered channel exhibits a 12.65% increase when the output current density reaches 0.8 A/cm². However, the performance output of the 3°tapered channel is inferior to that of the conventional serpentine flow field.

This paper presents an implementation method of perturbation currents for vehicular proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) online electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. The topology of the parallel dual-boost DC/DC converter system for the EIS measurement is presented. The DC_dc and DC_ac modules in the converter system implement the DC current and the sinusoidal EIS perturbation current independently. Simulation results show that the proposed perturbation current generation method can be implemented efficiently. In the frequency domain, the current of DC_dc couples to the perturbation current of DC_ac, leading to a reduction in the accuracy of the current amplitude after superposition. The mechanism of current amplitude reduction after superposition is discussed. Feed-forward compensation and fuzzy compensation optimization are proposed for the DC_dc current control. Both compensation algorithms achieve excellent results. A comprehensive framework for evaluating the compensation effect is presented. The evaluation results show that feed-forward compensation has a better advantage in solving the above problems due to its simplicity and less impact on hardware control. Experimental results show that with the optimization algorithm, the input perturbation current increases from 6% to 83% of the theoretical value.

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) can accept a direct feed of biogas for power generation; however, carbon deposition is a major obstacle to their practical application. When a paper-structured catalyst (PSC) with a dispersion of Ni-loaded flowerlike Ce_0.5Zr_0.5O₂ (Ni/CZ(F)) was applied to the anode of an electrolyte-supported cell (ESC), the open-circuit voltage of the cell directly fed simulated biogas was increased from 0.87 to 0.98 V at 750°C. The rates of cell-voltage degradation and coke formation of the ESC with the Ni/CZ(F)-PSC during 100 h of operation were 4.3% kh⁻¹ and 0.43 mg-C g-PSC⁻¹ h⁻¹, respectively, which were lower than those of an ESC with a Ni-loaded PSC without the CZ(F) dispersion (10.4% kh⁻¹ and 8.1 mg-C g-PSC⁻¹ h⁻¹, respectively). This performance improvement is attributed to the unique porous morphology and high oxygen storage capacity of CZ(F), which can contribute to the prevention of Ni agglomeration and the removal of coke from the catalyst surface, respectively. Thus, the Ni/CZ(F)-PSC can function as a practically applicable reforming domain for an internal-reforming biogas-fueled SOFC.

A simulated interconnect/contact/cathode/cathode support test cell is fabricated to investigate the effectiveness of the high-entropy alloy as the contact material on the microstructure and the performance of the converted spinel-based layer. Although the CuMnNiFeCo alloy powder is selected as the contact precursor, it showed good sinterability after sintering at 900°C for 2 h in air. The electrical performance of the contact layer is evaluated by the area-specific resistance measurement, including isothermal exposure and thermal cycling. The compatibility of the contact layer with adjacent components is investigated through observing the cross-sectional view of the test cell. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the contact layer in inhibiting Cr migration is also assessed.