A. Rim-Rukeh, Go Ikhifa, Pa Okokoyo, Mo Odjighere, Jk awatefe
{"title":"Ecological dynamics of Orogodo River: The interaction of dissolved oxygen and biochemical oxygen demand","authors":"A. Rim-Rukeh, Go Ikhifa, Pa Okokoyo, Mo Odjighere, Jk awatefe","doi":"10.4314/GJES.V7I1.2503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GJES.V7I1.2503","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12569,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82213949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Some technologies of maintenance of soil fertility under conditions of permanent farming in the West African semi-arid Tropics and constrains to their adoption: a critical review","authors":"M. Maiangwa","doi":"10.4314/GJES.V7I1.2512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GJES.V7I1.2512","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12569,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77220897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An assessment of the status of Local Agenda 21 in Nigeria using Ondo states as a case study","authors":"Vo Olumekun, O. Ige, P. Rooney","doi":"10.4314/GJES.V7I1.2511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GJES.V7I1.2511","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12569,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74186212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Effects of used lubricating oil on selected properties of low pour fuel oil (L.P.F.O) have been evaluated. The fuel oil was blended with used automotive crankcase oil at sample to used oil ratios of 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4 and 5:5. L.P.F.O analysis resulted in the following physicochemical properties: heat content (42.87 MJ/kg), kinematic viscosity at 70 oC (20.50 cSt), density at 15 oC (0.9601 kg/l), sulphur content (0.3295 wt%), water content (1.80 vol%) and ash content (0.073 wt%). The values obtained for used oil were lower than those of the blend. The physicochemical profile of L.P.F.O with increasing used oil blends indicated the following ranges: heat content (43.20 – 51.17 MJ/kg), kinematic viscosity at 70 oC (19.89 – 15.57 cSt), density at 15 oC (0.9430 – 0.10106 kg/l), sulphur content (0.3297 – 0.4821 wt%), water content (1.70 – 0.80 vol%) and ash content (0.069 – 0.055 wt%). Physicochemical profile of fuel oil blends showed the desirability of the blending as a positive influence on the heat content of fuel oil. Considering the need to utilize the observed positive effect of used oil additions on the heat content of fuel oil without seriously altering its physicochemical properties, a fuel oil to used oil ratio of 7:3 is recommended as an appropriate blend that could serve as a cost effective method of achieving the desired used oil properties and thus serve as an appropriate method for used oil disposal.
{"title":"Effects of used lubricating oil on the properties of low pour fuel oil","authors":"Akan B. Williams, O. Akaranta","doi":"10.4314/GJES.V6I2.2500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GJES.V6I2.2500","url":null,"abstract":"Effects of used lubricating oil on selected properties of low pour fuel oil (L.P.F.O) have been evaluated. The fuel oil was blended with used automotive crankcase oil at sample to used oil ratios of 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4 and 5:5. L.P.F.O analysis resulted in the following physicochemical properties: heat content (42.87 MJ/kg), kinematic viscosity at 70 oC (20.50 cSt), density at 15 oC (0.9601 kg/l), sulphur content (0.3295 wt%), water content (1.80 vol%) and ash content (0.073 wt%). The values obtained for used oil were lower than those of the blend. The physicochemical profile of L.P.F.O with increasing used oil blends indicated the following ranges: heat content (43.20 – 51.17 MJ/kg), kinematic viscosity at 70 oC (19.89 – 15.57 cSt), density at 15 oC (0.9430 – 0.10106 kg/l), sulphur content (0.3297 – 0.4821 wt%), water content (1.70 – 0.80 vol%) and ash content (0.069 – 0.055 wt%). Physicochemical profile of fuel oil blends showed the desirability of the blending as a positive influence on the heat content of fuel oil. Considering the need to utilize the observed positive effect of used oil additions on the heat content of fuel oil without seriously altering its physicochemical properties, a fuel oil to used oil ratio of 7:3 is recommended as an appropriate blend that could serve as a cost effective method of achieving the desired used oil properties and thus serve as an appropriate method for used oil disposal.","PeriodicalId":12569,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"117-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80131429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Bisong, E. Andrew-Essien, M. Ambo, R. Offiong, I. E. Okon
{"title":"Cross River Estuary: Changing trends and resource utilization patterns","authors":"F. Bisong, E. Andrew-Essien, M. Ambo, R. Offiong, I. E. Okon","doi":"10.4314/GJES.V6I2.2495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GJES.V6I2.2495","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12569,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"79-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81761984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lead and Copper in Kaduna Street Dust particulate matters","authors":"J. Ayodele, Z. Ali","doi":"10.4314/GJES.V6I2.2497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GJES.V6I2.2497","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12569,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"84 1","pages":"99-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74754643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Determination of location and quantity of underground mineral resources","authors":"T. O. Idowu","doi":"10.4314/GJES.V6I2.2501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GJES.V6I2.2501","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12569,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":"121-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89633272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Watersheds geomorphometrics in reation to the flow regine in Aya River system of the Cross River Basin, Nigeria","authors":"P. Utang, A. Akintoye, E. B. Enyogu","doi":"10.4314/GJES.V6I2.2502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GJES.V6I2.2502","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12569,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"129-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72823929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study highlights the need for an agroforestry system that will reduce the problem of fuelwood scarcity in the Obudu Cattle Ranch settlement of Cross River State, South-Eastern Nigeria. Using Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) methodology, general information on Local crop types, fuelwood species known to the people, their reasons for the preference of particular fuelwood species, the quantity extracted and who does the harvesting was collected. Qualitative and descriptive statistics such as matrix ranking techniques, simple proportions/percentages and tables were employed in the data analysis. Results show that integration of woody species with annual crops in agroforestry systems can enhance sustainability of production systems in the montane and savanna ecosystem under low input conditions. Agroforestry has short and long-term protective and socio-economic benefit and would go a long way in checking the problems of erosion, flooding, adverse change in ecology, decline in soil productivity, loss of useful species of organisms (plants and wildlife) and the gradual deterioration of the entire forest lands (deforestation). Stable indigenous and prototype agroforestry systems suitable for the regions are available. However, they need wider testing and use. Global Journal of Environmental Sciences Vol. 6 (1) 2007: pp. 53-64
该研究强调了建立农林复合系统的必要性，该系统将减少尼日利亚东南部克罗斯河州Obudu牛牧场的薪材短缺问题。利用参与式农村评价(PRA)方法，收集了关于当地作物类型、人们已知的薪材种类、他们偏爱特定薪材种类的原因、采伐数量和采伐人员的一般信息。定性和描述性统计，如矩阵排序技术，简单的比例/百分比和表格在数据分析中使用。结果表明，在低投入条件下，农林业系统中木本树种与一年生作物的整合可提高山地和稀树草原生态系统生产系统的可持续性。农林业具有短期和长期的保护和社会经济利益，并将在很大程度上制止侵蚀、洪水、生态的不利变化、土壤生产力下降、有用生物物种(植物和野生动物)的丧失和整个林地的逐渐恶化(砍伐森林)等问题。适合这些地区的稳定的本土和原型农林复合系统是可用的。然而，它们需要更广泛的测试和使用。环境科学学报，Vol. 6 (1)， 2007: pp. 53-64
{"title":"Agroforestry systems for mitigating the problems of fuelwood scarcity int he Montane/Savanna ecosystems: A case study of Obudu Cattle Ranch, South-Eastern Nigeria","authors":"F. Bisong, M. Ambo, I. Ogar","doi":"10.4314/GJES.V6I1.2491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GJES.V6I1.2491","url":null,"abstract":"The study highlights the need for an agroforestry system that will reduce the problem of fuelwood scarcity in the Obudu Cattle Ranch settlement of Cross River State, South-Eastern Nigeria. Using Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) methodology, general information on Local crop types, fuelwood species known to the people, their reasons for the preference of particular fuelwood species, the quantity extracted and who does the harvesting was collected.\u0000Qualitative and descriptive statistics such as matrix ranking techniques, simple proportions/percentages and tables were employed in the data analysis. Results show that integration of woody species with annual crops in agroforestry systems can enhance sustainability of production systems in the montane and savanna ecosystem under low input conditions. Agroforestry has short and long-term protective and socio-economic benefit and would go a long way in checking the problems of erosion, flooding, adverse change in ecology, decline in soil productivity, loss of useful species of organisms (plants and wildlife) and the gradual deterioration of the entire forest lands (deforestation). Stable indigenous and prototype agroforestry systems suitable for the regions are available. However, they need wider testing and use.\u0000 Global Journal of Environmental Sciences Vol. 6 (1) 2007: pp. 53-64","PeriodicalId":12569,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"53-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80157925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A phenomenal mass waste incident was reported in Song area of Adamawa State in May 2003.The incident took place at a geomorphologic landmark called the Three Sisters Hills. The area is a metamorphic terrain, with Pan African granitoids occurring as intrusives. Basaltic flow is widespread with exposures along stream courses. Investigation reveals that the mass wasting is caused by a combination of lithological, structural, topographic, climatic and organic factors. Implications of the incident, and mitigation measures to avoid risks of loss of lives or property in the event of future occurrence are presented. Global Journal of Environmental Sciences Vol. 6 (1) 2007: pp. 65-70
2003年5月在阿达马瓦州的Song地区报告了一起惊人的大规模废物事件。事件发生在一个名为三姐妹山的地貌地标。该地区是一个变质的地形，泛非花岗岩类侵入。玄武岩流分布广泛，沿河道暴露。调查表明，这种物质浪费是由岩性、构造、地形、气候和有机等多种因素共同作用的结果。介绍了该事件的影响和缓解措施，以避免在未来发生事故时造成生命或财产损失的风险。环境科学学报，Vol. 6 (1) 2007: pp. 65-70
{"title":"Mass waisting in Song area of the Hawal Basement, NE Nigeria","authors":"N. E. Bassey","doi":"10.4314/GJES.V6I1.2492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GJES.V6I1.2492","url":null,"abstract":"A phenomenal mass waste incident was reported in Song area of Adamawa State in May 2003.The incident took place at a geomorphologic landmark called the Three Sisters Hills. The area is a metamorphic terrain, with Pan African granitoids occurring as intrusives. Basaltic flow is widespread with exposures along stream courses. Investigation reveals that the mass wasting is caused by a combination of lithological, structural, topographic, climatic and organic factors. Implications of the incident, and mitigation measures to avoid risks of loss of lives or property in the event of future occurrence are presented. Global Journal of Environmental Sciences Vol. 6 (1) 2007: pp. 65-70","PeriodicalId":12569,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"60 1","pages":"65-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84472111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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